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WELCOMEN ,[object Object]
Gene Cloning
Cloning - a definition ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
DNA CLONING A method for identifying and purifying a particular DNA fragment (clone) of interest from a complex mixture of DNA fragments, and then producing large numbers of the fragment (clone) of interest.
Gene cloning  ,[object Object],[object Object]
Why Clone DNA? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Sources of DNA for Cloning ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
PCR-amplified DNA
Cloning Tools ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Cutting DNA ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Blunt & Sticky ends
Pasting DNA ,[object Object],[object Object]
Cloning vectors allowing the   exogenous DNA to be inserted, stored, and manipulated mainly at DNA level.  1  Plasmid vectors 2  Bacteriophage vectors 3  Cosmids  4  BACs & YACs
Plasmid vectors ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Plasmid vectors are double-stranded, circular, self-replicating, extra-chromosomal DNA molecules.
A plasmid vector for cloning ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Plasmid vectors
Bacteriophage vectors ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
   vectors ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
Cosmid vectors ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
 
 ZAP
BACs and YACs ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],BACs  :  B acterial  A rtificial  C hromosome s   YACs  :  Y east  A rtificial  C hromosome s
BAC vector ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
YAC vector  ,[object Object],telomere telomere centromere URA3 ARS HIS3 replication origin markers large inserts
What determines the choice vector? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Expression vector
expression vector pSE420 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],growth inducer added cloned gene expressed; product produced (Fig. 31.4, p. 1002, Madigan et al.)   Btech10
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],(Fig. 10-42, p. 309, Madigan et al.) transformation:  transfer of genetic information via free DNA Btech6 How to clone DNA
How to clone DNA ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Screening of the clone ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Blue/White Color Screening lacZ lacZ insert functional enzyme nonfunctional enzyme X-gal product X-gal product
Selecting Colonies with Recombinant Plasmids
Colony hybridization ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Figure 6.12
bacteriophage lambda as a cloning vector (Fig. 10.44, p. 311, Madigan et al.) transduction:  transfer of host genes from one cell to another by a virus Btech7
Other methods for introducing DNA ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],cell plasmid transformant plasmid donor desired transformant microprojectile “gun” Btech8
transgenic plants may be produced with binary vector system in  Agrobacterium tumefaciens   (Fig. 31.11, p. 1014, Madigan et al.) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],(b) can clone in  E. coli;  transfer to  A. tumefaciens  by conjugation (c) D-Ti = engineered Ti (to remove pathogenesis genes) (d) D-Ti will mobilize T-DNA of vector  -> plant cells grown in tissue culture (e) whole plants can be regenerated from recombinant cell Btech15
End ARRIVIDIERCI………

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