Andrew Goodwin identified several key features of music videos including the relationship between lyrics and visuals, music and visuals, and particular music videos having their own style and iconography. Goodwin also noted that record labels often require close ups of artists and repeating motifs to promote their image. Additionally, music videos frequently employ looks and intertextual references from other media. The document concludes that understanding Goodwin's theory is useful for creating effective music videos and analyzing them critically.

1. Andrew Goodwin Theory:
Andrew Goodwin has identified a
number of key features within
music videos.

2. And here they are:
• Relationship between the lyrics and visuals.
• Relationship between music and visuals.
• Particular music videos have their own music style and
iconography.
• Often due to the demands of the record label, artists
videos will include many close ups of the artist and will
often develop motifs that repeat throughout the video –
this allows the band to promote their image.

3. • A frequently notion of looking.
• Intertextual references from other forms of media e.g.
films, television series, music videos etc. An example of
this is Katy Perry’s ‘Last Friday Night’ music video. This
applies gratification and pleasure from the audiences
and fans. There is a scene which consists of the camera
slowly following Katy up the body in a beautiful outfit
from her ‘geeky’ image previously. This has Intertextual
reference to the popular film ‘Greece’ because Sandy
goes from a shy girl to a sophisticated, flirtatious woman.

4. Conclusion:
• I decided to research Andrew Goodwin’s theory because
it will help me apply certain points to my own music
video. In addition, this has also enabled me to get an
understanding and especially consider this theory when
making my own to attract the right audience. In the
future, I will also attempt to apply this theory when
doing my textual analysis in much more depth.