City Of Kolkata ,My City, City of Billions for last 320 years,is on process of collapse in terms of its Natural Resources: Land and Water, Greenery and Space.Can we try to make it Sustainable?

1. “Applying GIS to Urban
Issues in Kolkata“
Focus:
Urban water management

2. WHOSE Water
We Are
Suppose to
Manage?

10. My City

12. Kolkata is now a Megacity
• the greater Kolkata extending over 1851 sq.
km. and holding a population of about 15
million. The Kolkata megaity is bisected by
Hooghly river over a length of about 80 km
• southern fringe of Kolkata and the bay
(Diamond Harbour) is about 30 km. and as
such Kolkata always has the risk of storm
surge during the monsoon through river
Hooghly streched over a period of four
months.

13. • Kolkata has witnessed series of
events involving social and
economic changes
• The lack of infrastructure and
improper drainage managemnet
makes the metro city population
quite vulnarable for any events
related to flood or water level rise

14. The Study Area :
The study was planned by World Bank to be carried out in
Kolkata. Kolkata is selected
• Because of its size (second largest city in
India),
• Level of vulnerability (e.g., the slum
population is one third of its total population)
and lives and livelihoods at risk.
• In addition, ‘integrated coastal zone
management’ and the ‘capacity building for
industrial pollution management’ projects.

15. Part of the assignment Described in this Paper
• Detailed knowledge of past and present
situations
• Establish representative baseline scenario
• Visual interactive tool i.e., in a GIS platform
with appropriate projection
• Prepare a database of topography (DEM), land
use/land cover, soils, population density, map
of special economic zones, biodiversity,
locations of important historical sites for
coastal basin, including urban watershed, at
appropriate spatial resolution

16. • Climate data
• Storm level and storm surge
cyclones
• Land subsidence
• Sea Level Rise (SLR) and
tidal heights.
• Urban storm flooding

17. How the Land Use Changed
1. Urban area 26% to 44%,
2. Rural Area 21% to 12%,
3. Wet land 14% to 5.5%,
4. Vacant land4% to 0.5%.
5. Vegetation 0.5% to 2% and
6. Agriculture 25% to 36%( mainly due to acquisition the
adjoing area.
The area of Kolkata Metropolitan increased from
1552 Sq Km to 1722 Sq Km.

18. Urban
Area
Urban
Area
Rural
Area
Rural
Area
Vacant
Area
Vacant
Area
Vegetatio
n
Vegetatio
n
Agricultural
Field
Agricultural
Field
Predominat
Wetlands
(East
Kolkata)
Predominat
Wetlands
(East
Kolkata)

19. Land Use Pattern Analysis (KMA)Land Use Pattern Analysis (KMA)
Year 1980 – 86 ( 1527 sq.km.) Year 2005 (1722 sq.km.)
Urban AreaUrban Area Rural AreaRural Area WetlandsWetlands VegetationVegetation Agricultural FieldAgricultural Field Vacant LandVacant Land

23. Kalyani
Banshberia
Uluberia
Howrah
Barasat
Barrackpore
Kolkata
Baruipur
Kalyani
Barrackpore
Barasat
Kolkata
Maheshtala
Baruipur

26. KMA ULB Water supply Type
24
262
17
222
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
GW
POPULATION/1000
GW,SW
POPULATION/1000

27. Ground Water
Surface and Ground Water

31. Ward Wise Open Space
KMC
DATA NOT AVAILABLE

32. Open Space

33. Looking back…..
• Water extraction in an unplanned manner
decreases the water reserve and
peizoteric surface delines
• Water extraction in an unplanned manner
decreases the water reserve and
peizoteric surface delines

41. Piezometric Depression: KMC area
7m - 10m
Figure 12

42. HIGHEST RISK AREA
HIGH RISK AREA
MODERATE RISK AREA
KMC RISK WARDS

44. The supply end ….what we
discussed
• The source-the quality-the stock-the management and-the
supply
The Other side of water management
The Drainage….it also need to be
seen
• The type-the outfall-the present status

46. Name of Catchment Basin
Area of Catchment new
(Sq. Km)
Total Population
(As per census 2001)
Howrah Drainage Channel 118 1626615
Rajapur Drainage Channel 68.21 327241
Borajala Drainage Channel 55.8 216646
•Dankuni Drainage Channel 210 1239548
Bagher Khal 92.48 401,952
Nawi Khal 114 2304613
Beliaghata Khal and Bangur Cut 220 4223266
•Kaorapukur Khal Charial Khal and Boat
Canal
176 2,046,894
•Tolly's Nala 16 583847
•Panchammgram Cannel 46.13 926281
Details of Drainage Basin of Kolkata
Metropolitan Area
Details of Drainage Basin of Kolkata
Metropolitan Area

47. LAND FORM MAP OF
KOLKATA METROPOLITAN AREA

Dankuni Drainage channel
Panchannagram Drainage Channel
Tally Nala
Kaorapukur, Charial Khal and Boat Canal

52. Shrinkage of Drainage basins
Type/Year Habitat
Land
Wet land Agriculture
Land
1922 30% 17% 53%
2004 70% 10% 12%
Increase in habitat Land more than 100% since 1947

56. Few Major concerns
• High Rise Buildings
and
• Uneven decadal growth rate

58. MAP SHOWING WARD WISE POPULATION
DECADAL GROWTH RATE OF
KOLKATA MUNICIPAL CORPORATION 1991--2001


59. DIAMETERIAMETER

60. DIAMETERIAMETER

61. Settlement in the Basin areas causing
hindrance to water flow
Absence of sewage disposal system in the newer settlements caused
pollution to streams and rivers
.
Ground water can no more be
considered as a unlimited water source
for domestic use, as over extraction has resulted in deterioration and
contamination of aquifer.
HOW ARE WE PLACED NOW

62. IT is time for all of us
to act together
to make up the loss we
made……

63. It was the best of times, it was the worst of
times, it was the age of wisdom, it was the
age of foolishness, it was the epoch of
belief, it was the epoch of incredulity, it
was the season of Light, it was the season
of Darkness, it was the spring of hope, it
was the winter of despair . . ."
Charles Dickens (A Tale of Two Cities).