Safety committee training

This material is for training use only
OR-OSHA Safety Committee Training
1
Safety Committee
Training
0205-01
Presented by
The Public Education Section
Oregon Occupational
Safety and Health Division (OR-OSHA)
An Introduction To
Safety Committee Training Requirements
OR-OSHA 800

2
Welcome!
Not many years ago, Oregon employers were saddled with the 6th highest workers compensation
costs of all 50 states. Approximately 45,000 Oregon workers a were being seriously injured,
or made ill on the job every year.
In the late 1980s and early 1990s, management, labor, and government came together through the
legislative process to reform the workers’ compensation system and to make safety and health, on
the job, a top priority. One of the key elements, in this effort to prevent on-the-job injuries and illnesses,
was the passing of a law that required employers to have a workplace safety committee. Although
everyone acknowledges that a safety committee process is never perfect, imagine the benefit of
having workers and management in a large number of Oregon workplaces coming together on a
regular basis to identify and solve everyday safety and health problems.
Purpose
The purpose of this workshop is to give safety committee members insight into their duties and
responsibilities and to introduce them to the safety committee’s purpose and operation. The materials
covered in this workshop will address the training requirements that apply to safety committee members in
all workplaces.
This Workshop Covers;
Please Note: This material or any other material used to inform employers of compliance requirements of
Oregon OSHA standards through simplification of the regulations should not be considered a substitute for
any provisions of the Oregon Safe Employment Act or for any standards issued by Oregon OSHA.
Introduction
437-001-0765
(7) Safety and Health Training and Instruction
(a) The following items shall be discussed with all safety committee members:
(A) Safety committee purpose and operation;
(B) OAR 437-001-0760 through OAR 437-001-0765 and their
application; and
(C) Methods of conducting safety committee meetings
(b) Committee members shall have ready access to applicable Oregon
Occupational Safety and Health Codes which apply to the particular
establishment and verbal instruction regarding their use;
( c) All safety committee members shall receive training based upon the type of
business activity At a minimum, members shall receive training regarding;
(A) Hazard identification in the workplace; and
(B) Principles regarding effective accident and incident investigation.

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Safety Committee Training Workshop Agenda
Topic
Introduction / Workshop Agenda / How To Use This Workbook
Safety Committee Purpose
Safety Committee Operation / Duties / Functions
Formation and Membership
Agendas
Meetings
Written Records
Employee Involvement
Hazard Analysis and Control
Break
Hazard Analysis and Control (continued)
Safety and Health Planning
Accountability Evaluation
Accident Investigation
Break
Safety Meeting Management
Do’s and Dont’s of a Meeting
Safety Committee Problem Solving
Effective Recommendation Writing
Break
Rules For All Workplaces
Employer Responsibilities
Employee Responsibilities
Rules from 0760 Continued
Now It’s Up To You
Code Review (Using the OR-OSHA CD)
Safety Committee Checklist
Set Goals and Take Action
Reference Materials
Question and Answer / Evaluations
Page(s)
1-5
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How To Use This Workbook
This workbook has been designed so that the student has both workshop pages (left side - odd
numbered pages) and discussion points / notes pages (right side - even numbered pages). The
following describes what you could find on each left and right side page.
Safety Committees Training Workshop
Oregon OSHA’s Safety and the Small Business Employer
OAR 437-001-0765
(7) Safety and Health Training and Instruction
(a) The following items shall be discussed with all safety committee members:
(A) Safety committee purpose
Purpose 437-001-0765 (1)
The purpose of a safety committee is to bring workers and management together in a non-adversarial,
cooperative effort to promote safety and health in each workplace. A safety committee assists the
employer and makes recommendations for change.
What can a safety committee do to accomplish its purpose(s)?
1. ________________________________________________________________________
2. ________________________________________________________________________
3. ________________________________________________________________________
4. ________________________________________________________________________
5. ________________________________________________________________________
What authority does the safety committee?
________________________________________________________________________
What role does the safety committee play?
________________________________________________________________________
2
Oregon OSHA’s Safety and the Sm all Business Employer
Discussion
Page 2
Point * Workers and management may not always see eye to eye when it comes tosafety. A worker that
finds themselves at risk of injury or illness expects management to address the concern immediately. The
expectationis that management has a moral and ethical obligation to protect the worker and therefor
should do so because it is the right thing to do regardless of the cost. If management does not respond in a
reasonable amount of time (which is very subjective andvaries from personto person) then the employee
may feel compelled totake the legal approach (by getting OR-OSHA involved)
Point * Management (including supervisors) live inan economic basedworld; year, month, day, hour
minute. They learn quickly that their success will be largely based on their abilityto meet budgetary
guidelines. They learn that they must respond to those things that interfere with their goals and objectives.
Employees expect them to dothis in all areas of the operation because this is were “job security” comes
from. But not so when it comes to safety.
Point * If an at risk worker believes that the moral, ethical and legal rational justifies the expenditure of
time andresources and management lives in an economy driven workplace then something has to give.
Either the workers have to learn how to speak the language of management or the managers have to make
the connection between safety and efficiency and productivity. A third option is available:
Purpose 437-001-0765 (1)
cooperative effort topromote safety and health in each workplace. A safety committee assists the
Notes
Left Side
* A specific code/rule to be covered
* An exercise for the students. A discussion
of the exercise will follow as part of the
workshop.
* A referral to reference materials
Right Side
* Discussion “Points” for future reference
* Additional text of code/rule
* An area for student notes
* Examples of Forms

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“ Purpose”
List some things that a Safety Committee should do to meet it’s
purpose?
1. ________________________________________________________________________
2. ________________________________________________________________________
3. ________________________________________________________________________
4. ________________________________________________________________________
5. ________________________________________________________________________
What authority does the safety committee need?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
What role does the safety committee play?
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
Purpose 437-001-0765 (1)
The purpose of a safety committee is to bring workers and management together in a non-
adversarial, cooperative effort to promote safety and health in each workplace. A safety
committee assists the employer and makes recommendations for change.
Safety Committee

6
Discussion
Notes
Point * Workers and management may not always see eye to eye when it comes to safety. A worker
that finds themselves at risk of injury or illness expects management to address the concern
immediately. The expectation is that management has a moral and ethical obligation to protect the
worker and therefore should do so because it is the right thing to do regardless of the cost. If
management does not respond in a reasonable amount of time (which is very subjective and varies from
person to person) then the employee may feel compelled to take the legal approach (by getting OR-
OSHA involved)
Point * Management (including supervisors) live in an economic based world; year, month, day, hour,
minute. They learn that their success can be largely based on their ability to meet budgetary guidelines.
They learn that they must respond to those things that interfere with their goals and objectives.
Employees expect them to do this in all areas of the operation because their “job security” depends on
it. But not so when it comes to safety.
Point * If an at risk worker believes that the moral, ethical and legal rational justifies the expenditure
of time and resources and management lives in an economy driven workplace then something has to
give. Either the workers have to learn how to speak the language of management or the managers have
to make the connection between safety and efficiency and productivity. A third option is available:
437-001-0765 (1) Purpose

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“ Operation / Duties / Functions”
How many employees are their at your place of work, not counting
seasonal workers?
Number of employees: ___________
(5)
(a) The safety committees required by OAR 437-001-0765 (2) shall:
Safety Committee
Formation and Membership
Mark the box next to the rule that applies to your committee, based
on the number you wrote in the space above.
(B) Consist of:
(i) No fewer than two members for each employer with twenty or less
employees, or
(ii) No fewer than four members for each employer with more than twenty
employees.
Mark One
(C) Have a chairperson elected by the committee members.
(A) * Be composed of an equal number of employer and employee representatives.
* Employee representatives shall be volunteers or shall be elected by their peers
unless there is a provision in their collective bargaining agreement that addresses the
selection of employee representatives. * When
agreed upon by workers and management, the number of employees on the committee
may be greater than the number of employer representatives. * Seasonal workers
shall not be counted for the purpose of determining the number of members who will
serve on the committee.
How did your safety committee’s “Chairperson” become the “Chairperson”?

8
Discussion
Notes
437-001-0765 (2) General
(a) Every public or private employer of 11 or more employees shall establish and administer a safety
committee.
(b) Every public or private employer of 10 or fewer employees shall establish and administer a safety
committee if the employer:
(A) Has a Lost Workday Case Incidence Rate (LWDCIR) in the top 10 percent of all rates for the
employers in the same industry; or
(B) The employer is not an agricultural employer and the workers’ compensation premium
classification assigned to the greatest portion of the payroll for the employer has a premium rate in
the top 25 percent of premium rates for all classes as approved by the Director pursuant to
ORS 737.320
Point * If your company has 10 or fewer employees and you are not sure about your LWDCIR or you are
not sure if your company is in the top 25 percent of premium rates for all classes, refer to the OR-OSHA
CD - Other Information - Do I Need A Safety Committee? - for assistance.
( c) In making the determination of employment levels under sections (a) and (b) of this rule, the employer
shall count all permanent, contract, temporary, and/or seasonal workers under the employer’s direction
and control, and shall base the number on peak employment.
(d) Temporary services employers and labor contractors shall establish safety committees based upon the
total number of workers over which the employer or contractor exercises direction and control
(e) Employers who hire only seasonal workers shall meet the intent of these rules by holding crew safety
meetings prior to the commencement of work at each job site. Such meetings shall promote discussions of
safety and health issues. All workers shall be informed of their rights to report workplace hazards, and
shall be encouraged to make such reports during the meeting.
(f) Employers in the logging industry may meet the intent of these rules by complying with OAR 437,
Division 6, Forest Activities.

9
What is the purpose of an agenda?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
What should the agenda include?
1. ________________________________________________________________________
2. ________________________________________________________________________
3. ________________________________________________________________________
4. ________________________________________________________________________
5. ________________________________________________________________________
When should the agenda be sent out to the safety committee members?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
437-001-0765 (6) (A) (a)
The committee shall develop a written agenda for conducting safety committee meetings. The
agenda shall prescribe the order in which committee business will be addressed during the
meeting.
Safety Committee
Agendas

10
Discussion
Sample AgendaNotes
SAFETY COMMITTEE MEETING AGENDA
XYZ Safety Committee
Date: October 10, 2001
To: Each member, alternates, bulletin board
Time: 10-11 a.m.
Place: Executive Conference Room
Agenda items Person Responsible
1. Old Business
a. Review September’s recommendation Joe Chair
b. Follow up on last quarterly inspection I. N. Spector
2. New Business
a. Annual safety and health policy review Harry Hardhat
b. Elect new members (2) Joe Chair
3. Monthly training (20 minutes) Tessie Trainer
Note: Please bring your notes on September’s workplace inspection.
Point * The chairperson should direct group discussion while adhering to the agenda. If the agenda
can be given to all members in advance (three days, at least), members will arrive at the meeting better
prepared. The agenda will also remind members of their responsibilities if, for example, their reports
are part of the agenda.
Point * A standard agenda form can be developed by the safety committee to fit its own needs. The
agenda should be attached to meeting minutes for distribution or posting. For a blank copy of an
agenda form, go to Appendix “F” in the back of this workbook.
Point * The agenda should be typed on company letterhead or printed by hand. Limit it to one page
and include the following: Date of meeting, Location, Starting and ending times (2-3 p.m., for
example), Topics to be discussed, Special guests or speakers.

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What happens when meetings that are scheduled get canceled or
members are not allowed to attend?
1. ________________________________________________________________________
2. ________________________________________________________________________
3. ________________________________________________________________________
4. ________________________________________________________________________
5. ________________________________________________________________________
How can these problems be addressed?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Can a written “Safety Committee Policy” help and if so how?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
437-001-0765 (6) (a) (B)
The safety committee shall hold regular meetings at least once a month except months when
quarterly workplace safety inspections are made. This does not exclude other months from safety
committee meetings if more frequent safety inspections are conducted.
Safety Committee
Meetings

12
Discussion
Notes
437-001-0765 (6) (a) (C)
Quarterly safety committee meetings may be substituted for monthly meetings where the committee’s
sole area of responsibility involves low hazard work environments such as offices.
437-001-0765 (6) (a) (D)
Small farms of five or fewer full time employees may substitute quarterly meetings for monthly meetings
during the farms’ off season. The off season shall mean that period of time when only routine farm
upkeep is being done.
437-001-0765 (4)
Innovation. Upon application, the division may approve safety committees which are innovative or
differ in form or function, when such committees meet the intent of these rules.
Point * To find out about the “Innovative safety committee program” for small businesses, go to
Appendix “A”, page 67.
Point * Does your company do logging? Find out about safety meetings in logging by going to
Appendix “B”, page 79.
Point * If your company is involved in agriculture, you may want to go to the back of the book to
Appendix “C”, page 81.

13
How would you define “reasonable time limit?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
437-001-0765 (6) (b) (A)
Minutes shall be made of each meeting which the employer shall review and maintain for three
years for inspection by the Division. Copies of minutes shall be posted or made available for all
employees and shall be sent to each committee member.
Safety Committee
Written Records
437-001-0765 (6) (b) (B)
All reports, evaluations, and recommendations of the safety committee shall be made a part of the
minutes of the safety committee meeting.
437-001-0765 (6) (b) (C)
A reasonable time limit shall be established for the employer to respond in writing to all safety
committee recommendations.
What kinds of recommendations might a safety committee make?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

14
Discussion
Notes
Point * Reasonable time limits are to be set by the safety committee. There may be different time
limits depending on the hazard or issue
Example: A hazard that could cause a permanent disability may require a time limit of very short
duration while on the other hand a hazard that needs some study or research to identify and approve
the needed correction may take longer.

15
List a few ways that members could meet this objective.
1. ________________________________________________________________________
2. ________________________________________________________________________
3. ________________________________________________________________________
4. ________________________________________________________________________
5. ________________________________________________________________________
Which ways would work best in your workplace?
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
437-001-0765 (6) (c)
The committee shall establish a system to allow the members to obtain safety-related suggestions,
reports of hazards, or other information directly from all persons involved in the operations of the
workplace. The information obtained shall be reviewed at the next safety committee meeting, and
shall be recorded in the minutes for review and necessary action by the employer.
Safety Committee
Employee Involvement

16
Discussion
Notes
Point * Each employee, regardless of his or her position within the company, is expected to cooperate in
all aspects of the company’s safety and health program, including the following:
1. Accidents must be reported immediately to the supervisor
2. Required personal protective equipment must be worn by all employees
3. Hazardous conditions or other safety and health concerns must be reported to your supervisor
immediately
4. Employees participate in safety committee activities and support safety committee membership
Point * If employees are reluctant to tell the safety committee about their concerns, the committee will
need to discuss the possible reasons for this lack of participation. Many times the reason will stem from
past negative experiences. If an employee has informed the committee members or management about a
hazard and a recommendation or suggestion for a possible improvement, and there was no response, then
the employee may have become discouraged. The more times this happens, and the more people involved
in this experience, the bigger the problem.
Point * In the example given above, the root of the problem lies with the lack of “trust”. The perception
of employees may be that management doesn’t care about their employees, or that they are only concerned
with profits. If this is the case, the solution will be complex and reversal of these perceptions may take a
long time.
Point * A place to start is with the committee itself. Have a discussion about the safety committees
purpose. Understand it and have a plan in mind that will address this problem. Talk to employees about
your observations. Ask for their input. When they do give suggestions, recognize them for their help and
keep them in the information loop.

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How many work areas or departments are there in your company?
Number: ___________________________
Your committee should make a list of each area and/or department.
1. ______________________________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________________________
3. ______________________________________________________________________
4. ______________________________________________________________________
5. ______________________________________________________________________
6. ______________________________________________________________________
7. ______________________________________________________________________
8. ______________________________________________________________________
437-001-0765 (6) (d) (A)
The safety committee shall assist the employer in evaluating the employer’s accident and illness
prevention program, and shall make written recommendations to improve the program where
applicable. Additionally, the safety committee shall:
(i) Establish procedures for workplace inspections by the safety committee inspection team
to locate and identify safety and health hazards:
(ii) Conduct workplace inspections at least quarterly; and
(iii) Recommend to the employer how to eliminate hazards and unsafe work practices in the
workplace.
Safety Committee
Hazard Assessment and Control
Each area listed must be inspected each quarter!

18
Discussion
Notes
Point * The entire work-site must be inspected each quarter. The inspection may be a quarterly walk-
through by the entire safety committee, divided up and covered by different members of the team, or
delegated to others within the organization and accomplished throughout the quarter.
437-001-0765 (6) (d) (B)
The inspection team shall include employer and employee representatives and shall document in
writing the location and identity of the hazards and make recommendations to the employer regarding
correction of the hazard.
437-001-0765 (6) (d) (C)
Quarterly inspections of satellite locations shall be conducted by the committee team or by a person
designated at the location.
437-001-0765 (6) (d) (D)
Mobile work sites or locations and activities which do not lend themselves to a quarterly schedule shall
be inspected by a designated person as often as Oregon occupational safety and health rules require
and/or the committee determines is necessary.
437-001-0765 (6) (d) (E)
The person designated to carry out inspection activities at the locations identified in sections (C) and
(D) of this rule shall be selected by the employer and shall receive training in hazard identification in
the workplace.

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An u __ __ __ __ __ c __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ or
p __ __ __ __ __ __ __ that could cause an I __ __ __ __ __
or I __ __ __ __ __ __ to an e __ __ __ __ __ __ __ and
is p __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ .
Safety Committee
Hazard Assessment and Control
What is a “Hazard”? Complete the sentence below
Unsafe Conditions
Tools - - - -
- - - -Materials
Environment - -
- - - -Machinery
Equipment - -
System Weaknesses
Vision Culture
Objectives Strategies
Programs Plans
Accountability
Supervision Training
Unsafe Practices
Horseplay - -
- - Shortcuts
Unsafe Conditions
Tools - - - -
- - - -Materials
Environment - -
- - - -Machinery
Equipment - -
Unsafe Practices
Horseplay - -
- - Shortcuts
Unsafe Conditions
Tools - - - -
- - - -Materials
Environment - -
- - - -Machinery
Equipment - -

20
Discussion
Point * Hazards are all around us. It would be impossible to eliminate all hazards. Hazards do not
become a concern unless employee enters the danger zone. The danger zone is an area around a hazard
in which an employee becomes exposed to the hazard and is at risk of an injury.
Example: There is a three foot wide hole in the floor and there is a 10 foot drop to the next level. The
guardrails are being installed. If there are no employees near the hole then there is no risk of falling
through it and therefore there are no employees in the danger zone. When the employees approach the
hole to install the guardrails there is a point at which they become at risk. When they cross this point
they have entered the danger zone. The closer to the hole, the higher the risk.
Point * Incidents are close calls or near misses. The only thing that stands between a near miss and an
accident is luck. And luck can’t be counted on. Incidents should be investigated right along with
accidents. This will also help the committee identify trends.
Point * A hazard is an unsafe condition or practice that could cause an injury or illness to an
employee and is preventable.
Point * Conditions are those things in the physical environment that could cause injury or illness.
They include faulty equipment, dangerous materials, improperly maintained tools, poorly designed
machinery, and environments that could cause physical harm to name a few.
Point * Practices are work habits, activities, and/or processes or procedures that in and of themselves
put an employee at risk of injury or illness. Left unchecked, these practices can turn an otherwise safe
workplace into one in which accidents occur.
Point * System weaknesses are also called root causes. Employers and/or employees that do not take
safety seriously contribute to these weaknesses. Unsafe conditions or practices, controlled by the
workers and usually labeled surface causes, only account for a small percentage of the overall safety
concern. Unsafe conditions or practices that are the result of weaknesses in the system are often times
wide spread and carry with them a negative impact on the workplace.
Point * Conditions account for 3% of all workplace accidents. Behaviors account for 95% and
uncontrollable acts account for 2% of all workplace accidents. What do these statistics tell us? Most
accidents are caused by unsafe behaviors. Management has control to some degree over 98% of the
accidents that occur in the workplace. It is a myth to say that lack of “common sense” is a cause of
accidents. There are too many variables for this to be true. Culture, age, experience, geographic
region, education, and motivation are just a few of these variables. There is no “common sense” when
it comes to safety. Just clearly stated expectations and follow up with appropriate consequences. This
will lead to safe behavior.

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1. Acceleration. When we speed up or slow down too quickly.
2. Vibration/Noise. Produce adverse physiological and psychological effects.
3. Toxics. Toxic to skin and internal organs
4. Radiation. Non-ionizing - burns. Ionizing - destroys tissue.
5. Ergonomics. Lifting, lowering, pushing, pulling, twisting.
6. Pressure. Increased pressure in hydraulic and pneumatic systems
7. Mechanical. Pinch points, sharp points and edges, weight, rotating parts, stability, ejected parts and
materials, impact.
8. Heat/Temperature. Extremes in either can cause trauma, illness.
9. Flammability/Fire. In order for combustion to take place, the fuel and oxidizer must be present in
gaseous form.
10. Explosives. Explosions result in large amounts of gas, heat noise, light and over-pressure.
11. Electrical Contact. Inadequate insulation, broken electrical lines or equipment, lightning strike, static
discharge, and so on.
12. Chemical Reactions. Chemical reactions can be violent, can cause explosions, dispersion of
materials and emission of heat.
13. Biologicals. Primarily airborne and bloodborne viruses.
Safety Committee
Hazard Analysis and Control
Types Of Hazards
1. Engineering Controls: Eliminate the hazard by redesigning/replacing/repairing equipment, tools,
workstations, buildings. Examples: repair of a leak in the roof that causes a slippery floor when
it rains - building a guard that covers sprocket that workers are exposed to.
2. Management Controls: Reduce/eliminate the exposure to a hazard by changing the process/
procedure/practice. Example: changing procedures so that workers rotate jobs to reduce the
exposure when doing repetitive tasks.
3. Personal Protective Equipment: Does not eliminate the hazard or exposure. Equipment designed
to present a barrier between worker and hazard. Examples: gloves - boots - eye protection
Control Methods

22
Discussion
Point * Hazards come in many shapes and sizes. The list to the left helps to group these hazards based
on the characteristics of the hazard. The following are examples of each hazard type.
1. Acceleration. A forklift going down a ramp. A door that is swinging open with force.
2. Vibration/Noise. Chain saws, hand sanders, jack hammer. . .
3. Toxics. Solvents like paint thinner, parts cleaners, gasoline, insecticides . . .
4. Radiation. Microwaves, sun light, x-ray
5. Ergonomics. Repetitive motion, data entry, assembly line work, picking fruit, carrying objects . . .
6. Pressure. Gas filled pipes, hydraulic systems in heavy equipment, steam systems . . .
7. Mechanical. Exposed sprokets, gears, shafts, belts, pulleys, joints, shears . . .
8. Heat/Temperature. Closed rooms/compartments, freezers, near cookers, outdoors during extremes
. 9. Flammability/Fire. Chemical reactivity, flammable liquids and powders or dust . . .
10. Explosives. Gasoline, dynamite, compressed gasses . . .
11. Electrical Contact. Light circuits, direct current, high voltage, damaged wires . . .
12. Chemical Reactions. Alkalies and acids . . .
13. Biologicals. Diseases, contaminants, viruses . . .
Point * Engineering Controls: Engineering controls consist of substitution, isolation, ventilation, and
equipment modification. These controls focus on the source of the hazard, unlike other types of controls
that generally focus on the employee exposed to the hazard. Example: Design or redesign the facility,
equipment, or process to remove the hazard - Enclose the hazard to prevent exposure - Establish barriers
or local ventilation to reduce exposure.)
Point * Management Controls: Any procedure which significantly limits daily exposure by control or
manipulation of the work schedule or manner in which work is performed is considered a means of
management control. Management controls may result in a reduction of exposure through such methods
as changing work habits, improving sanitation and hygiene practices, or making other changes in the way
the employee performs the job. The use of personal protective equipment is not considered a means of
management control. (Examples: Improved housekeeping - a change in procedure or process - a re-
routing of employees around a hazard - using safety training to influence and change behavior.)
Point * Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): When exposure to hazards cannot be engineered
completely out of normal operations or maintenance work, and when safe work practices and
administrative controls cannot provide sufficient additional protection from exposure, PPE may be
required. Examples: face shields - steel-toed shoes - safety glasses - hard hats - knee guards - leather
aprons - mesh gloves - life jackets - respirators - ear muffs - safety goggles - harness.)

23
What other reports, logs, and documents should be reviewed?
1. ________________________________________________________________________
2. ________________________________________________________________________
3. ________________________________________________________________________
4. ________________________________________________________________________
5. ________________________________________________________________________
437-001-0765 (6) (e)
The safety committee shall establish procedures for the review of all safety and health inspection
reports made by the committee. Based on the results of the review, the committee shall make
recommendations for improvement of the employer’s accident and illness prevention program.
Safety Committee
Safety and Health Planning
Make a list of programs that could fall under accident and illness
prevention?
___________________________________ _________________________________
___________________________________ _________________________________
___________________________________ _________________________________
___________________________________ _________________________________

24
Discussion
Notes
Point * Each quarterly inspection conducted by the safety committee should be reviewed as soon as
possible so that detail of the findings is not lost over time. The rule allows the committee to skip the
meeting during the month of the quarterly inspection. However, the benefits of scheduling a meeting
within a few days of the inspection can prove can prove to be cost effective.
Point * Other reports, logs, and documents to be review could include: accident investigations, 300
logs, incident reports, near miss reports, first aid logs, maintenance records, training records . . .
Point * Recommendations that are called for in this part of the rule should address weaknesses in
existing accident and illness prevention programs. Recommendations for programs that are needed but
not in place would also fall in this category.
Point * Accident and illness prevention programs could include the following: Hazard Identification
and Control, Hazard Communication, Job Hazard Analysis, Safety Committee Operations, Incident
Reporting, Lockout / Tagout, Back Safety Awareness, Job Rotation . . .

25
Safety Committee
Accountability Evaluation
437-001-0765 (6) (f)
The safety committee shall evaluate the employer’s accountability system and make
recommendations to implement supervisor and employee accountability for safety and health
What is an accountability system?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Who is responsible for what?
Employer
(Owner, Managers, Supervisors)
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
Employees
(Everybody)
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
__________________________________

26
Discussion
Notes
Point * The following six essential elements must be in place for there to be an effective “Accountability
System”:
1. Established formal standards of behavior and performance
* Programs, policies, plans, processes, procedures, practices
2. Resources provided to meet those standards
* Physical = tools, equipment, materials, workstations, facilities
* Psychosocial = education, training, scheduling, culture
3. An effective system of measurement
* Behaviors are observed and quantified
* Behaviors are detected and corrected before an injury
* Informal and formal observation procedures are used
4. Application of effective consequences
* Soon - certain - significant - sincere
* Must change behavior in the desired direction
5. Appropriate application of discipline
* Discipline is based on fact not feeling
* Consistent throughout the organization: top to bottom and laterally
* Applied only after it’s determined management has met obligations to employee
* Appropriate to the severity of the infraction and impact on the organization
6. Evaluation of the accountability system.
* Examine the first five elements
* Analysis/evaluation headed up by safety committee, safety coordinator
* Improvements headed up by line management
Point * The importance of consequences can not be overstated. Without consequences there is no
accountability. The following are three types of consequences:
1. Positive - Increases required and voluntary behavior - Examples: Pay check, individual and
group recognition.
2. Negative - Increases required behavior only - Examples: Verbal reprimand, written reprimand,
time off without pay, loss of job.
3. None - Withdrawal of positive and negative reinforcement - Examples: No verbal, nonverbal or
written response regardless of the actions of the employee.

27
What’s the difference between an incident and an accident?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Why would we want to take time investigating both incidents and
accidents?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
What two key conditions must exist before an accident can occur?
H_______________________ and E ________________________
437-001-0765 (6) (g)
The safety committee shall establish procedures for investigating all safety-related incidents
including injury accidents, illnesses and deaths. This rule shall not be construed to require the
committee to conduct the investigations.
Safety Committee

28
Discussion
Notes
Point * The main purpose for an accident investigation is to prevent a repeat. It is not to place blame.
Point * If someone deliberately sets out to produce loss or injury, that is called a crime, not an
accident. Yet many accident investigations get confused with criminal investigations. Whenever the
investigative procedures are used to place blame, an adversarial relationship is inevitable. The
investigator wants to find out what actually happened while those involved are trying to be sure they
are not going to be punished for their actions. The result is an inadequate investigation. (Kingsley
Hendrick, Ludwig Benner, Investigating Accidents with STEP, p 42. Marcel Dekker, Inc. 1987.)
Point * Tracking and investigating incidents gives the employer another opportunity to intervene and
take corrective action before and accident occurs.

29
Step 2 - Collect facts about what happened
Step 1 - Secure the accident scene
Safety Committee
The basic steps for conducting an accident investigation.
List some ways to secure the accident scene
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
Why is it important to secure the scene?
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
What documents might need to be reviewed?
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
What methods can be used to collect facts about an accident?
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________

30
Discussion
Notes
Point * The primary goal in step one is to insure that the accident scene remains the same as it was at the
time of the accident. Making sure that the investigators have an opportunity to document the scene, before
it changes, is critical to the quality of the investigation.
Point * The methods used to secure the scene vary from case to case. In some cases the scene will have to
be secured to prevent others from entering for their own protection. In other cases the scene may have to be
entered by medical personnel to aid an injured person. Once the injured person is taken care of, someone
should note any changes in the scene that took place, and this information should be given to the
investigator.
Point * Step two is to collect facts about what happened. The investigator should use various tools and
techniques to collect pertinent information about the accident to determine the:
* Direct cause of the injury;
* Hazardous conditions and unsafe employee/management behaviors (surfaces causes) that
produced the accident;
* System weaknesses (root causes) that produced the surface causes for the accident.

31
Step 4 - Determine the causes
Step 3 - Develop the sequence of events
Safety Committee
No accountability policy No inspection policy
No discipline procedures
No orientation process
Fails to enforce
Inadequate labeling
Cuts
Burns
Lackofvision
Strains
Nomissionstatement
Accident
Weed
Surface Causes
The hazardous condition(s) or unsafe
behavior(s) that caused the injury or
illness. Usually exists or occurs close to
the time of the event and involves the
victim, and/or others.
Root Causes
Weaknesses in the safety systems that
could include poorly planned prevention
programs, lack of accountability at all
levels of the organization, poor supervision
or inadequate training and/or follow-up.

32
Discussion
Notes
Point * In this step, the investigator organizes the information gathered in step two so that the
information helps determine the events prior to, during, and after the accident. The objective is to
create a timeline that will help in the analysis of the facts.
Point * There are several techniques that can be used to organize the information. One popular
methods is to write down each fact on a “post-it” and then move the “post-its” around on a board to
form a sequence of events. A second method might be to categorize the facts on three pieces of paper
labeled “Events prior to accident”, “Events during accident”, and “Events after accident” for example.
After all the events have been listed, they can be organized in a sequence or timeline.
Point * Step four is the analysis phase of the investigation.
“The occurrence of an injury invariably results from a completed sequence of factors, the last one of
these being the accident itself. The accident in turn is invariably caused or permitted directly by the
unsafe act of a person and/or a mechanical or physical hazard.” (W.H. Heinrich, Industrial Accident
Prevention, 1931)
Behind every accident there are many contributing factors, causes, and subcauses. These factors
combine in a random fashion causing accidents. We must find the fundamental root causes and remove
them to prevent a recurrence. (Dan Petersen, Safety Management: A Human Approach, ASSE, p. 10-
11)
Point * The “Accident Weed” is a visual aid that helps to understand the differences between surface
and root causes, and conditions and practices. If the weed in the front yard is just snapped off at the
surface, the weed will return. If the recommendation that comes from the analysis of the accident only
addresses the surface causes then a recurrence of the same accident is very likely.

33
Step 5 - Recommend corrective action
Safety Committee
Recommendations that are
made because of an
accident will resemble
those that are made in
hazard control.
____ 1. Engineering Controls:
____ 2. Management Controls:
____ 3. Personal Protective Equipment:
A Little Review - Match the control with the definition
Does not eliminate the hazard or exposure. Equipment
designed to present a barrier between worker and hazard.
Example: gloves - boots - eye protection
Eliminate the hazard by redesigning/replacing/repairing
equipment, tools, workstations, buildings . Example:
repair leak in roof - build guard to cover sprocket
Reduce/eliminate the exposure to a hazard by changing the
process/procedure/practice. Example: route workers
around hazard - job rotation
A.
B.
C.
Use one or more of the following for each
“Surface Cause” identified in the investigation.

34
Discussion
Notes
Point * One of the primary purposes for having a safety committee is to “assist the employer and
make recommendations for change”. The reasons why an employer may need assistance can very
greatly from employer to employer. In most cases, the greatest assistance a safety committee can
provide is to get answers to questions that the employer will need in order to take effective corrective
action. Questions could include but are not limited to the following:
* How serious is the problem?
* How many people does it effect?
* What will it take to correct it?
* How much will it cost and what is the justification for capital expenditure?
* When can corrective action be taken with the least amount of interruption?
* Who can make the change?
* Will any training be needed as a result of the change?
Point * As indicated, the hierarchy of control strategies is similar for hazard control and the control of
surface and root causes identified as the result of an accident investigation. In fact, many safety
professionals believe that the same six step investigation process should occur for both.

35
Step 5 - Recommend corrective action (cont.)
Safety Committee
1. Management Commitment
2. Accountability
3. Employee Involvement
4. Hazard Identification/Control
5. Incident/Accident Investigation
6. Training
7. Evaluation
For each “Root Cause” identified in the investigation, make recommendations
that will improve the policies, programs, plans, processes, and/or procedures in
the safety and health management system that created the problem. Usually
you will find the system weakness in one or more of the following:
Correcting “Root Causes” can be more difficult
as they are usually imbedded in the system.

36
Discussion
Notes
Point * Getting to the root cause and making recommendations that will address weaknesses in the system
can be very difficult and at time intimidating to safety committee members. These root causes often time
have to do with the culture in the workplace. Perceptions at the top may not be what they
are at the bottom. Actions taken may not reflect the desired outcomes. A lax attitude may be fed by
unclear company goals and objectives. Priorities based on operations may pressure employees to take short
cuts or supervisors to accept inappropriate behaviors.
Point * Sometimes a long term plan will need to be developed to address the deeply rooted problems.
Surveys of management, supervisors, and workers can help the safety committee to understand the
weakness. Patience, perseverance, and understanding are the keys.
Point * Making system improvement might include some of the following:
* Writing a comprehensive safety and health plan that include all of the seven elements.
* Improving a safety policy so that it clearly establishes responsibility and accountability.
* Changing a training plan so that the use of checklists are taught.
* Revising purchasing policy to include safety considerations as well as cost.
* Changing the safety inspection process to include all supervisors and employees.

37
Step 6 - Write the report
Safety Committee
What is a comprehensive
“Accident Investigation Report”?
List the kinds of information that should be
included in an “Accident Investigation Report”.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
NOTE: An “Accident Investigation Report” form that can be copied and used
is located in the appendix section (Appendix “D” page 85) of this workbook.

38
Point * The most common causes for repeat accidents include ineffective investigations, if conducted at all,
incomplete documentation, and lack of follow-up based on the findings. Correcting surface causes will give you
short term results. Correcting root causes will give you long term results.
Point * The “Accident Investigation Report” is an open document until all actions are complete! When the
accident investigator completes the report, he or she will give it to someone who must do something with it. That’s
the job of the decision-maker. For accident investigation to be effective, management must consider the findings
and develop an action plan for taking corrective action and making system improvements. Finally, periodic
evaluation of the quality of accident investigations and effectiveness of the reports that result is critical to
maintaining an effective program.
The Safety Committee is required to do this periodic evaluation and report on their findings.
Point * There are seven sections in a comprehensive “Accident Investigation Report”.
SECTION I. Background (Information regard “Who”, “When”, and Where.)
SECTION II. Description of the accident (Describe the sequence of relevant events prior
to, during, and immediately after the accident. Attach separate page(s) if
necessary.)
SECTION III. Findings and justification (Surface Causes: Unsafe conditions and/or
behaviors at any level of the organization - Justification: Describe evidence
or proof that substantiates the findings. Root Causes: Missing/inadequate
Programs, Plans, Policies, Processes, Procedures - Justification: Describe
evidence or proof that substantiates the findings.)
SECTION IV. Recommendations (Corrective Actions: Eliminate or reduce hazardous
conditions/unsafe behaviors that directly caused the accident. Describe the
intended results and positive impact of the change. System Improvements:
To revise and improve the programs, plans, policies, processes, and
procedures that indirectly caused/allowed the hazardous conditions/unsafe
behaviors. Describe the intended results and positive impact of the change.)
SECTION V. Summary (Estimate costs of accident. Required investment and future
benefits of corrective actions.)
SECTION VI. Review and follow-up (Describe equipment/machinery repaired, training
conducted, etc. Describe system components developed/revised. Indicate
persons responsible for monitoring the quality of the change.)
SECTION VII. Attachments (Photos, sketches, interview notes, etc.)
Discussion

39
“Meeting Management”
What is the primary purpose of a safety committee meeting? List a
few things that a successful safety committee gets done.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
Safety Committee
Do’s and Don’ts of a Meeting
Why have a meeting in the first place?
Sour Attitudes
Bullying
Being Positive
Promptness
Mark out anything
that doesn’t belong
in a safety
committee meeting?
Now make a list of
those attributes that
you did not mark out
and add a few of your
own.
2
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
______________________
1

40
Discussion
Notes
Point * Meeting management means “organized” and “functional”. The safety committee policy
statement empowers the committee and establishes the purpose in writing. The agenda becomes the
road map and needs to be clear to all. Respect for others opinions, ideas, and perceptions sets the tone.
Commitment to do what is needed becomes the motivation. The safety committee will only be as
strong as it’s weakest member. Meetings that focus only on the strongest members input will not be as
successful as ones that encourage participation of all the members. Meetings need to include training
that will improve the member’s understanding of safety and health and strengthen their meeting skills.
Point * A safety committee that lacks credibility will not be able to achieve the desired results.
Meetings with no ground rules or organization, members with hidden agendas, and debates with no
resolution must be avoided. Ineffective methods of communication that prevent safety and health
issues from being conveyed to the managers, supervisors, and workers must be improved. The workers
need to be involved and recognized especially when their needs and ideas lead to improved safety and
health. These are just a few of the issues that will need to be addressed early in the life of the safety
committee.
Always Remember
employer (mainly through the activities in the safety committee meeting) and makes recommendations
for change.

41
The “Problem Solving Worksheet” Page 1 (opposite page)
The following pages describe activities that will help solve problems that come up in
safety committee meetings. The worksheets have been completed to give examples for
future comparison. The following problem statement has been entered at the top of the
worksheet on the opposite page: “What are the problems that cause unsuccessful safety
committee meetings”?. A copy of the blank worksheets (page 1, 2, and 3) from the
“Reference Materials” section (Appendix “E” page 91) of this workbook can be used and
new information entered and analyzed.
1. Brainstorming
Example: Using brainstorming techniques, list as many problems, frustrations and time wasters,
etc., that contribute to unsuccessful safety committee meetings.
Brainstorming: Wait to pass judgement on the ideas that are expressed. Be freewheeling and allow as much creativity
as possible. Hitch hike or piggyback on ideas of others. The more ideas the better. Avoid detail.
2. Refining the list
Briefly discuss each a put a “star” or “check mark” next to the six that the members believes are
the most common problems facing safety committees.
3. Prioritizing
In the left hand column, list the six problems that stars were placed next to in the last exercise
(Everyone will need to write the problems down in the exact same order). Once the left hand
column has been completed, assign a column to each individual group member. Everyone write in
each others names at the top of each column.
4. Determining the Importance
Each committee member determines the importance of each problem by giving it a value (score).
The total of all individual scores (down) must equal 100. The more important the higher the value.
5. Share the ratings
Share the ratings with the other members. Everyone is to write down each others ratings on their
own worksheet in the columns that were assigned to each member.
6. Total the results
Everyone add the rows, left to right, and write the totals in the next to last column. The totals
indicate the priority order that each problem should be assigned, starting with the greatest number
first. Write the priority number in the last column.
Safety Committee
Problem Solving

42
Problem Solving Worksheet
Problem Statement:
Brainstorming List:
Revised
Brainstorming
List
Member’s Names Total
P
r
i
o
r
i
t
y
Page 1 of 3
“What are the problems that cause unsuccessful
Safety committee meetings”?
Personal agendas
No agenda
Not organized
Wasting time
Arguing
No support
No money
Poor attendance
Not enough time
Dominate member
No follow-up
Too much to do
Lack of training
Lack of input from employees
Not taking it serious
Lack of interest






Personal agendas
Not organized
Poor attendance
Not enough time
Lack of training
Lack of interest
Jim Mary Jane Tom Fred
15
10
5
25
10
35
100
5
20
35
15
20
5
100
25
10
15
15
20
15
100
15
30
15
30
5
5
100
10
25
20
15
5
25
100
70
95
90
100
60
85
5
2
3
1
6
4

43
“Problem Solving Worksheet” Page 2 (opposite page)
Write in the priority number in the blank space and describe the problem. In this exercise
we will take a look at priority one from the last exercise.
1. Brainstorming
Using brainstorming techniques, list as many possible causes for the problem.
2. Refining the list
Briefly discuss each a put a “star” or (check mark” next to the six that your group believes are the
most common or logical causes for the problems existence.
3. Prioritizing
In the left hand column, list the six causes that stars were placed next to in the last step. Once the
left hand column has been completed, assign a column to each individual group member.
Everyone write in each others names at the top of each column.
4. Determining the importance
Each committee member determines the importance or degree of impact that each cause has on
the problem by giving it a value (score). The total of all individual scores (down) must equal 100.
The more important the higher the value.
5. Share the ratings)
Share the ratings with the other members. Everyone is to write down each others ratings on their
own worksheet in the columns that were assigned to each member.
Everyone add the rows, left to right, and write the totals in the next to last column. The totals
indicate the priority order that each cause should be assigned, starting with the greatest number
first. Write the priority number in the last column.
Safety Committee
Problem Solving

44
1 Not enough time
Endlessly debating issues
Rushed by management
Not taking it seriously




Only allowed one hour
Too many side chats
Interruptions
Late arrivals
Endlessly debating issues
Not taking it seriously
35
10
5
25
10
15
100
15
20
35
5
20
5
100
25
20
15
5
20
15
100
15
30
5
30
5
15
100
25
5
20
5
5
40
100
115
85
80
70
60
90
1
3
4
5
6
2

Priority :
Brainstorming the causes for the above stated problem:
Revised
Brainstorming
List
P
r
i
o
r
i
t
y
Page 2 of 3
Not organized
Only allowed one hour
Too many side chats
Wasted time
Arguing
Need training
Interruptions
Poor planning
Distractions
Late arrivals

45
“Problem Solving Worksheet” Page 3 (opposite page)
Assign a priority number to each member of the group. Hand each group member a
blank copy of page three of the worksheet. Each group member writes in the priority
number in the blank space on their page 3 and describes the cause for that number.
1. Mind Meld
Each member writes a solution statement that will correct the cause for the priority assigned to
them.
2. Pass it on
Once everyone has completed a solution statement, pass all of the page 3’s to the group member
to the right.
3. Add a solution
Read the cause description and the solution statement given by the previous member.
Write a solution statement that is different from the one given.
4. Repeat
Repeat step 4 until everyone has had an opportunity to give a solution for each cause. If someone
cannot come up with a solution then they should pass.
5. Rating the solutions
When all of the page 3’s have returned to their originating member, each member is to read and
rate the solution based on their opinions about the degree of success that the proposed solutions
will have on the cause. Once everyone has scored the first set of solutions, pass the page 3’s to
the right. Continue until all solutions for all causes have been scored by everyone.
When all of the page 3’s have returned to their originating member, add the rows from left to right,
enter to total in the next to last column, and number them according to highest score first.
7. Report
Report the finding of the problem solving exercise.
Safety Committee
Problem Solving

46
Cause :
Solution Statements:
Solution Statements
P
r
i
o
r
i
t
y
Page 3 of 3
Member’s 1:
Member’s 2:
Member’s 3:
Member’s 4:
Member’s 5:
Member’s 6:
Solution One
Solution Two
Solution Three
Solution Four
Solution Five
Solution Six
1 Only allowed one hour
Justify more time for meetings by showing management
Recommend changing the time of the meeting to right
Invite management to the meeting so that they can see
Ask management what it would take to get a little more
Learn more about safety committee meeting management
how much money is being saved.
after work.
how quickly time goes by and why.
time for the meetings.
so that the committee will be more productive and therefore be able
to sell the need for more time much easier.
10
35
10
20
25
15
35
5
25
20
25
20
15
20
20
15
5
30
40
10
30
15
15
30
10
95
110
75
135
85
3
2
5
1
4

47
When recommendations are not acted upon it may be because the
supervisor does not have enough information to make a decision and
therefore doesn’t act right away. To speed up the process and to improve
the approval rate, make sure that each recommendation contains the
following:
Purpose 437-001-0765 (1)
The purpose of a safety committee is to bring workers and management together in a non-
adversarial, cooperative effort to promote safety and health in each workplace. A safety
committee assists the employer and makes recommendations for change.
Safety Committee
Effective Recommendation Writing
Food for thought:
A brief but detailed description of the problem.
Answers to questions that can be anticipated.
Examples:
How serious is the problem?
What is the history of the problem?
What were the causes?
What are the options and anticipated cost for each?
- High cost -
- Medium cost -
- Low cost -
- No cost - (short term)
What are the benefits of taking action?
When can it be done?
Will it interrupt operations?
Who will do it?
Will training be required?
A summary of the key points
If a recommendation is worth acting upon, then it is worth whatever time it takes to prepare it for approval!
The more successful you are in selling management on the problem, the more successful you will be in selling
management on the solution!

48
Discussion
Notes
Point * There are a variety of theories regard what make one recommendation better than another. In
general there are a few common denominators that all recommendations contain. The following list a
few of the major considerations.
1. What exactly is the problem (surface and root causes)?
* Hazardous condition, unsafe practice.
* Inadequate policies, procedures, rules.
2. What is the history of the problem? Any similar accidents in the past?
* What were the direct costs?
* What were the costs that were not in the budget, and what caused them?
3. What are the options that would correct the problem? Include at least three. These options must
address the hazards and the exposures.
* Low/high cost solutions that eliminate the problems now/soon.
* Low/high cost solutions that reduce the problem now/soon.
* What are the advantages and disadvantages of each solution?
4. Who is the decision maker? Who can approve, authorize, and act on the corrective measure and
when can it be carried out once approved?
* What are possible objections the decision maker might raise?
* What arguments are most likely to be successful against those objections?
5. What will be gained (the benefits) by approving the recommendation and what is the predictable
result (costs) if not approved?
* Estimate costs of corrective action.
* Review employer obligations under administrative law. (Oregon OSHA)
* Address probability and severity.
* Probability is defined as: the chance that a given event will occur and is based on the
number of employees exposed, the frequency and duration of exposure, and the
proximity of employees to the danger zone. In OR-OSHA terminology, the probability
is defined as “Low” (unlikely), “Medium” (likely), or “High” (very likely).
* Severity is defined as: the degree of injury or illness which is reasonably predictable.
In OR-OSHA terminology, the severity is expressed as “Other Than Serious”,
“Serious Physical Harm”, or “Death”.
* Estimate insured and uninsured costs if corrective action not taken.
* Discuss the “message” sent to the workforce as a result of action or inaction.

49
“Rules For All Workplaces”
Who is the employer?
_______________________________________________________________________
What part of the work environment is made up of machinery, tools
and/or equipment?
_______________________________________________________________________
What are “Processes” and “Practices”?
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
List some examples of “Processes” and “Practices”.
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
437-001-0760 (1)
The employer shall see that workers are properly instructed and supervised in the safe operation of
any machinery, tools, equipment, process, or practice which they are authorized to use or apply.
Safety Committee
Employers’ Responsibilities
The employer is responsible for the entire work environment.

50
Discussion
Notes
437-001-0760 (3)
(c ) Any supervisors or persons in charge of work are held to be the agents of the employer in the
discharge of their authorized duties, and are at all times responsible for:
(A) The execution in a safe manner of the work under their supervision; and
(B) The safe conduct of their crew while under their supervision; and
(C) The safety of all workers under their supervision.
437-001-0760 (1)
(a) The employer shall see that workers are properly instructed and supervised in the safe operation of
any machinery, tools, equipment, process, or practice which they are authorized to use or apply. This
rule shall not be construed to require a supervisor on every part of an operation nor to prohibit
workers from working alone.
(b) The employer shall take all reasonable means to require employees:
(A) To work and act in a safe and healthful manner;
(B) To conduct their work in compliance with all applicable safety and health rules;
(C) To use all means and methods, including but not limited to, ladders, scaffolds, guardrails,
machine guards, safety belts and lifelines, that are necessary to safely accomplish all work
where employees are exposed to a hazard; and
(D) Not to remove, displace, damage, destroy or carry off any safety device, guard, notice or
warning provided for use in any employment or place of employment while such use is
required by applicable safety and health rules.
(c ) Every employer shall be responsible for providing the health hazard control measures necessary
to protect the employees’ health from harmful or hazardous conditions and for maintaining such
control measures in good working order and in use.
(d) Every employer shall inform the employees regarding the known health hazards to which they are
exposed, the measures which have been taken for the prevention and control of such hazards, and the
proper methods for utilizing such control measures.

51
Who are the employees?
_______________________________________________________________________
437-001-0760 (2)
(a) Employees shall conduct their work in compliance with the safety rules contained in this code.
Safety Committee
Employees’ Responsibilities
The three employee responsibilities/accountabilities to the employer:
Does this include first aid?
_______________________________________________________________________
437-001-0760 (2)
(b) All injuries shall be reported immediately to the person in charge or other responsible
representative of the employer.
How can the safety committee help the employees comply with this
rule?
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
437-001-0760 (2)
(h) Hazardous conditions or practices observed at any time shall be reported as soon as practicable
to the person in charge or some other responsible representative of the employer.
Work safe Report Injuries Report
Hazards
11 22 33
True False Hazards that employees are authorized and able to
correct, should be corrected immediately and then
reported.

52
Discussion
437-001-0760 (2)
(c ) It is the duty of all workers to make full use of safeguards provided for their protection. It shall be
a worker’s responsibility to abide by and perform the following requirements:
(A) A worker shall not operate a machine unless guard or method of guarding is in good
condition, working order, in place, and operative.
(B) A worker shall stop the machine or moving parts and properly tag-out or lock-out the
starting control before oiling, adjusting, or repairing, except when such machine is
provided with means of oiling or adjusting that will prevent possibility of hazardous contact
with moving parts.
(C) A worker shall not remove guards or render methods of guarding inoperative except for the
purpose of adjustment, oiling, repair, or the setting up a new job.
(D) Workers shall report to their supervisor any guard or method of guarding that is not
properly adjusted or not accomplishing its intended function.
(E) Workers shall not use their hands or any portion of their bodies to reach between moving
parts or to remove jams, hang-ups, etc. (Use hook, stick, tong, jig or other accessory.)
(F) Workers shall not work under objects being supported that could accidentally fall (such as
loads supported by jacks, the raised body of a dump truck,. etc.) until such objects are
properly blocked or shored.
(G) Workers shall not use defective tools or equipment. No tool or piece of equipment should
be used for any purpose for which it is not suited, and none should be abused by straining
beyond its safe working load.
(d) Workers shall not remove, deface, or destroy any warning, danger sign, or barricade, or interfere
with any other form of accident prevention device or practice provided which they are using, or which
is being used by any other worker.
(e) Workers must not work underneath or over others exposed to a hazard thereby without first
notifying them and seeing that proper safeguards or precautions have been taken.
(f) Workers shall not work in unprotected, exposed, hazardous areas under floor openings.
(g) Long or unwieldy articles shall not be carried or moved unless adequate means of guarding or
guiding are provided to prevent injury.
(i) Workers observed working in a manner which might cause immediate injury to either themselves or
other workers shall be warned of the danger.
(j) Before leaving a job, workers shall correct, or arrange to give warning of, any condition which
might result in injury to others unfamiliar with existing conditions.

53
437-001-0760 (3) Investigations of Injuries
(a) Each employer shall investigate or cause to be investigated every lost time injury that workers
suffer in connection with their employment, to determine the means that should be taken to prevent
recurrence. The employer shall promptly install any safeguard or take any corrective measure
indicated or found advisable.
Safety Committee
Rules from 0760 Continued
437-001-0760 (4) Intoxicating Liquor and Drugs
The use of intoxicating liquor on the job is strictly prohibited. Anyone whose ability to work
safely is impaired by alcohol, drugs, or medication shall not be allowed on the job while in that
condition.
437-001-0760 (5) Horseplay
There must be no horseplay, scuffling, practical jokes, or any other activity of a similar nature.
The safety committee needs to know the following:
437-001-0760 (7) Inspections
(a) All places of employment shall be inspected by a qualified person or persons as often as the
type of operation or the character of the equipment requires. Defective equipment or unsafe
conditions found by these inspections shall be replaced or repaired or remedied promptly.
(b) Wherever required in this code, a written and dated report, signed by the person or persons
making the inspection, shall be kept.
437-001-0760 (6) Extraordinary Hazards
When conditions arise that cause unusual or extraordinary hazards to workers, additional means
and precautions shall be taken to protect workers or to control hazardous exposure. If the
operation cannot be made reasonably safe, regular work shall be discontinued while such abnormal
conditions exist, or until adequate safety of workers is ensured.

54
Discussion
437-001-0760 (3) Investigation of Injuries (continued)
(b) At the request of authorized Department representatives, it shall be the duty of employers, their
superintendents, supervisors and employees to furnish all pertinent evidence and names of known
witnesses to an accident and to give general assistance in producing complete information which might
be used in preventing a recurrence of such accident.
Point * The rule only requires that lost time injuries be investigated but remember the following:
This means that the procedures must be such that even a near miss or the use of first aid can be
investigated.
Point * The rule requires a drug-free workplace. It does not tell the employer how to reach
compliance. That part is up to them.
Point * Horseplay causes injuries and illnesses, both physically and emotionally. The elimination of
horseplay is essential. An employee that has a good since of humor, a positive attitude, and enjoys
work and working with others can be uplifting and a positive force in the workplace.
Point * Webster ‘s Dictionary defines “Extraordinary” as: beyond what is usual, regular, or
customary. In this context, the employer must immediately commit whatever resources are required to
protect the worker when unexpected hazards and exposures are identified. This means that work may
need to be discontinued until corrective action has taken care of the problem. Examples: Workers
using a small quantity of a dangerous chemical and well protected with personal protective equipment
and trained in the handling, accidentally tip over and spill a 55 gallon drum of this chemical and the
chemical go into a concrete gutter that circulates the chemical through other areas of the facility and in
close proximity to workers who are not protected and now are exposed to the dangerous fumes. This
could be considered extraordinary and unusual, and the employer must be prepared to evacuate the
areas at once.
This rule does not exclude hazards and exposures that could become a reality, even if there is no history
of it happening before in a particular workplace. These possibilities must be investigated, planned for,
and including in your safety and health plan. Examples of the later: Fire, earthquake, chemical
exposures the come from outside the physical workplace, etc.
Point * The safety committee conducts quarterly inspections, a qualified person or persons conducts
an inspection as often as the type of operation or the character of the equipment requires. This could
mean weekly, daily, hourly, or every time the activity takes place. The more hazardous the job the
more frequent the inspection.
437-001-0765 (6) (g)
The safety committee shall establish procedures for investigating all safety-related incidents including injury accidents,
illnesses and deaths. This rule shall not be construed to require the committee to conduct the investigations.

55
“Codes and the OR-OSHA CD”
Purpose 437-001-0765 (7)
(b) Committee members shall have ready access to applicable Oregon Occupational Safety and
Health Codes which apply to the particular establishment and verbal instructions regarding their
use.
Safety Committee
OR-OSHA On lineCD-ROM
OR-OSHA Rules
Program Directives (By Subject)
Program Directives (By Number)
Letters of Interpretation
Other Information
Publications
Searching :
For information and/or help with
searching the OR-OSHA CD-ROM,
please click here.
350 Winter St. NE, Rm 430, Salem OR 97301-3882
Phone: (503) 378-3272 - 1-800-922-2689 (All numbers V/TTY)
OR-OSHA
In compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) the information on this CD-ROM is available in
alternative formats by calling (503) 378-3272 (V/TTY). Information in the OR-OSHA CD-ROM is in the public
domain and may be used without permission of the Oregon Occupational Safety & Health Division

56
CD-ROM
Home
PDs (By Subject)
PDs (By Number)
Letters of Interp.
Other Information
All standards are in the Adobe Acrobat © PDF format. If
you don’t have an Acrobat viewer, visit the Adobe Web
site for the free software
OAS 654 - The Oregon Safe Employment Act - (1999)
Division 1 - General Administrative Rules
Division 2 - General Occupational Safety and Health Rules
Division 3 - Construction
Division 4 - Agriculture
Division 5 - Maritime Activities
Division 6 - Forest Activities
If you have questions regarding OR-OSHA rules, please contact Oregon
OSHA Standards & Technical Section, (503) 378-3272 toll free in
Oregon, (800) 922-2689 Or send e-mail to tech.web@state.or.us
OR-OSHA Rules
Publications
OR-OSHA On line
57
CD-ROM
Letters of Interp.
Other Information
Publications
Notice
Compliance guidance provided by OR-OSHA represents the
explanation, clarification, or application of the provisions of
the Oregon Safe Employment Act (ORS Chapter 654) and OR-
OSHA’s administrative rules. It does not add to, alter, or
replace those provisions, which alone are legally binding.
Compliance guidance depends on the particular facts and
circumstances described in the request for guidance. The
existence of other facts or circumstances may lead to different
conclusions.
You should be aware that OR-OSHA’s compliance guidance is
subject to periodic review and clarification, amplification, or
correction and can be affected by subsequent rulemaking or
changes in the law.
Click here to continue
OR-OSHA Rules
Program DirectivesProgram Directives
Publications
Home
OR-OSHA On line

57
CD-ROM
OR-OSHA On line
Home
PDs (By Subject)
PDs (By Number)
Letters of Interp.
Publications
OR-OSHA Rules
Other Information
Frequently Asked Question about the OR-OSHA CD-ROM
FAQs
Frequently Asked Question about the OR-OSHA CD-ROM
Search Program
Search FAQs
A list of industries that must have safety committees even
when the employer had ten or fewer employees any time
during the calendar year.
Do I Need a Safety Committee?
Interactive software developed by OSHA to assist
employers in assessing the impact of occupational injuries
and illnesses (with Lost Work Days) on their profitability.
Safety Pays
This page provides information on agricultural issues.
Agriculture
This manual provides general guidance on some of the
internal operations of OR-OSHA.
Field Inspection Reference Manual (FIRM)
Alerts are prepared by Oregon OSHA’s standards and
Technical Research Section to help employers and
employees recognize workplace safety and health hazards.
Hazard Alerts
Use these forms to order copies of rules, publications, and
training videos.
Order forms
OR-OSHA has developed an innovative option to make it
easier for the small construction employers to meet Safety
Committee Rules.
Safety Committee Option for Small Construction
Employers
This reference list provides information on individual
safety and health topics found on OR-OSHA’s Web site.
Subject index
Memorandums prepared by OR-OSHA’s Standards and
Technical Section concerning compliance, technical, and
training information relating to specific topics.
Technical notes
Other Information

58
CD-ROM Home
PDs (By Number)
Letters of Interp.
Other Information
2001 AV Catalog
1089 (1/2001)
OR-OSHA On line
Publications
All publications are in the Adobe Acrobat © PDF format.
If you don’t have an Acrobat viewer, visit the Adobe web
site for the free software
PDs (By Subject)
OR-OSHA Rules
Stakeholders
Report
1999 Report
2000 Report
3342
Are you getting
loss-prevention
services from
your workers’
compensation
insurance
carrier? 0994
(12/2000)
Agricultural
Labor Housing
Inspection
Checklist 1876
(5/2000)
Some Of The Publication On The OR-OSHA CD
(More than 80 and growing)
* AV Catalog
* Stakeholders Report
* Agricultural Labor Housing Inspection Checklist
* Agricultural Season Worker Orientation
* Back Injury Prevention for Health Care
* Be Trained
* Breathe Right
* Lockout/Tagout
* Occupational Hazards Common to Construction & Remodeling In Oregon
* Occupational Hazards Common to Retail Food Industry in Oregon
* OR-OSHA Road Map
* Oregon Safety Guide for Pulp & Paperboard Mills
* Portable Ladders: Type, Use, & Care
* Powered Industrial Truck Operator Training Materials
* Public Education Workshop Catalog
* Put It In Writing
* OSHA Recordkeeping Guidelines
* Recording Work-Related Injuries and Illnesses (OSHA 300 - Forms Packet)
* Safety & Health Poster English Version
* English - Spanish Dictionary
* Excavations (pocket publication)
* Fall Protection (5) (Residential, Roofing Work, Structural Steel, Construction, Responding
to emergencies.
* Self-Inspection Checklist

59
“Evaluation Checklist”
Safety Committee
Use the following “Evaluation Checklist” to find out how your safety
committee is doing regarding the duties and responsibilities outlines
in 437-001-0765.
Item
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
Question
Is the safety committee composed of an equal number of employer and
employee representative?
Are the employee representatives either volunteers or elected by their
peers?
For employers of twenty or more employees, are there at least four
members on the safety committee?
Is the safety committee chairperson elected by the committee?
Are safety committee members compensated at their normal hourly wage
during safety committee training and meetings?
Do employee representatives serve terms that last at least one year?
Are terms of service alternated or staggered so that at least one
experienced member is serving on the committee?
Are reasonable efforts made to ensure that committee members represent
the major work activities of the firm?
Does the safety committee hold regular meetings at least once a month
except in months in which workplace inspections are performed?
Does the safety committee work from a written agenda?
Are minutes kept at each meeting?
Are the minutes made available to all employees?
Are the minutes maintained for at least three years?
Are all reports, evaluations, and recommendations of the safety committee
made part of the safety committee minutes?
Has a reasonable limit been set within which the employer must respond
in writing to safety committee suggestions?
Has the safety committee set up a system for collecting safety-related
suggestions, reports of hazards, or other information directly from those
involved in workplace operations?
Yes No

60
Item
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
Question
Is such information reviewed during the next safety committee meeting
and recorded in the minutes?
Does the safety committee assist the employer in evaluating the
employer’s accident and illness prevention program?
Does the safety committee make written recommendations to improve the
safety and health program?
Has the safety committee established procedures by which the safety
committee inspection team can find and identify safety and health
hazards?
Does the safety committee conduct workplace inspections at least
quarterly?
Does the safety committee recommend ways for the employer to eliminate
or correct hazards and unsafe work practices in the workplace?
Does the safety committee inspection team include employer and
employee representatives?
Does the safety committee inspection team document I writing the
location and identity of hazards?
Are quarterly inspections of satellite locations done by the safety
committee inspection team or by a person designated at the location?
Has the safety committee established procedures to review all safety and
health inspection reports made by the committee?
Based on the results of the above review, does the safety committee make
recommendations for the improvement of the employer’s safety and
health program?
Has the safety committee evaluated the employer’s accountability system?
Has the safety committee made recommendations o implement supervisor
and employee accountability for safety and health?
Has the safety committee established procedures for investigating all
safety-related incidents, including injury accidents, illnesses, and deaths?
Has safety committee purpose and operation been discussed with all
safety committee members?
Have the safety committee rules and their application been discussed with
all committee members?
Do safety committee members have ready access to applicable Oregon
Occupational Safety and Health Codes?
Have safety committee members received safety training based on your
company’s activity, hazard identification training, and effective accident
investigation training?
Yes No

61

62
“Set Goals & Take Action”
Safety Committee
Now that you know the basics, it’s time to take action. Having an
effective safety and health program, one that truly helps to reduce
workplace injuries through prevention, is hard work. It takes
commitment.
List a few of your personal safety and health goals and a next to them
some action steps that will help you reach these goals.
Goal Action
_________________________________ __________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
Goal Action
_________________________________ __________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________
Goal Action
_________________________________ __________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________

63

64
Appendix “A” = Innovative Safety Committees for
Small Business
(Fewer than 11 employees)
Appendix “B” = Safety Meetings In Logging
Appendix “C” = Safety Committees In Agriculture
Appendix “D” = Accident Investigation Report
Form
Appendix “E” = Problem Solving Worksheet
Appendix “F” = Safety Committee Report Forms
* Meeting Agenda
* Meeting Minutes
* Hazard Alert
“Reference Materials”

65 Appendix “A”
Appendix “A”

66
About this guide
If you’re a small-business owner or manager, and you have 10 or fewer
employees, your workplace must have a safety committee if it meets one
of the following conditions:
• Has a lost-workday cases incidence rate in the top 10 percent of
those rates for employers in your industry. (This rate is the number of
lost-workday injuries and illnesses per 100 full-time workers per
year. The rate for your organization is based on the number of lost-
workday injuries and illnesses you record on your OR-OSHA Injury
and Illness Log and Summary forms.)
• Has an NCCI classification and premium rate in the top 25 percent of
rates for all NCCI classifications. (NCCI stands for National Council
on Compensation Insurance. The NCCI groups employers into
approximately 600 industrial classifications and calculates a premium
rate for each classification that reflects the risk of injury to workers.
The NCCI ranks the classifications by the premium rates.)
The purpose of a safety committee is to involve employees in achieving
and maintaining a safe, healthful workplace. However, many small
business owners have told us that their safety committees should be less
formal and require less paperwork than the safety committees we require
for larger workplaces. We agree. Now you can have a safety committee
that meets the needs of your small business and meets the intent of our
safety-committee rules – we call it an innovative safety committee. This
guide tells you how to develop an effective innovative safety committee
and gives you all the record-keeping forms you need to keep your
paperwork to a minimum.
How to become an innovative
safety committee employer
If you’d like to participate, just fill out Part A of the attached Innovative
safety committee participation agreement and drop it in the mail. You’re
eligible to participate as long as you have 10 or fewer employees. You
can terminate your participation at any time, unless you are participating
in lieu of an OR-OSHA citation, as stated under Part B of the agreement.
Questions?
Call the OR-OSHA Standards and Technical Resources Section at
(503) 378-3272.
2

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