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1. Critiquing Quantitative and Qualitative Study
Critiquing Quantitative and Qualitative StudyCritiquing Quantitative and Qualitative
StudyPermalink: https:// /critiquing-quant…ualitative-study/Critiquing Quantitative and
Qualitative Study.Nursing research has experienced remarkable growth, providing nurses
with a growing evidence base from which to practice (Polit & Beck, 2017). Qualitative data
are collected in a natural setting and the data are not numerical: rather, they are full and
rich descriptions from participants (Williamson, 2009). Quantitative research gathers
numerical data that strongly influence the quality of the evidence in the study (Polit & Beck,
2017).A key methodologic distinction is between quantitative research, which is most
closely allied with positivism, and qualitative research, which is associated with
constructivist inquiry (Polit & Beck, 2017). The review of literature can be a valuable tool,
to ensure that policies are developed based on a body of evidence that has been
systematically synthesized and analyzed (Houde, 2009). Critiquing Quantitative and
Qualitative Study. Critiquing a study identifies areas of adequacy and inadequacy in an
unbiased manner (Polit & Beck, 2017). The purpose of this paper is to review and critique
two research articles, and to compare the advantages and disadvantages of the two
articles.Research Articles The first article chose was a qualitative study in parental
perceptions and understanding of SIDS-reduction guidance in a UK bi-cultural urban
community by Denise Crane and Helen Ball, 2016. This study aimed to discover how white
British and Pakistani mothers in Bradford recall, understand and interpret SIDS-guidance,
and to explore whether and how they implement this guidance in caring for their infants
(Crane & Ball, 2016). The study also aimed to elicit detailed qualitative explanations for
inter-cultural differences in infant care in the Bradford community (Crane & Ball, 2016). In-
depth narrative interviews were conducted to obtain data from mothers of 8-12 week old
infants (Crane & Ball, 2016). Being a qualitative study, it reflected the real experience and
viewpoints of participants.The second article was a quantitative case-control study about
the socioeconomic factors affecting infant sleep-related deaths in St. Louis by Cathy Hogan,
2014. The study was to identify or determine whether there is a relationship between
maternal socioeconomic factors (race, poverty, maternal education, and parity) and sleep-
related infant death. The study was conducted using secondary data analysis. The study
involved two study populations and the data was collected from matched birth/death
certificates and living birth certificates of infants who were born died within the time frame
of the study. The study found a significant relationship between race and sleep-related
infant death. The study involved numerical data that supported the hypothesis. Being a

2. quantitative study, results that support the researcher’s hypothesis are described as
significant (Polit & Beck, 2017). Critiquing Quantitative and Qualitative Study.Advantages
and Disadvantages Every method of study has its advantages and disadvantages. The
first research article being a qualitative study about the parental perceptions and
understanding of SIDS-reduction and guidance mainly aimed at identifying the practices
and cultural influences of the mothers in taking care of the infants. The study includes
narrative interviews of mothers that helped collect data focusing on understanding the
human experience as it is lived (Crane & Ball, 2016). The study emphasized on the dynamic,
holistic, and individual aspects of mothers while taking care of their infants (Crane & Ball,
2016). Findings from this study is typically grounded in the real-life experiences of people
with first-hand knowledge (Polit & Beck, 2017). This helped to gain a better knowledge of
the phenomena. Critiquing Quantitative and Qualitative Study. The study also provided
suggestions for individually tailored approaches for SIDS-reduction (Crane & Ball, 2016).
The disadvantage of this particular study was a small sample size and the study being,
limited to one group of community. The second study was a quantitative study about
the socioeconomic factors affecting infant sleep-related death. This quantitative research
was mainly numerical and pointed to objectivity. Also the research had a constructed a
theory/framework, that helped the researcher work around it. Secondary data analysis of
birth/death certificates and living birth certificates of infants born/died within the time
frame, was used in this study (Hogan, 2014). So there was no direct involvement of the
human subjects. Numerical data and tables was presented throughout the study. The
disadvantages of the study includes the study population which mainly included the African
American community (Hogan, 2014). This might have limited the generalizability of the
findings. The sample size was information on 26,211 individuals in a 4 year period (2005-
2009), which might have consumed the time frame of the study Critiquing Quantitative and
Qualitative Study.Qualitative Research not Real ScienceResponse to claim qualitative
research not real science can be answered different ways by people. Qualitative research is
always valued for its relevance, but is considered lacking in scientific accuracy. Qualitative
researchers undertake in-depth studies that usually reveals pattern and processes
suggesting casual interpretations which will need more systematic testing with controlled
methods of inquiry (Polit & Beck, 2017). Qualitative research does not have standard rules
or procedures that makes the researcher hard to explain how to do analyses. Qualitative
and quantitative researches provide outcomes in their own ways that is important to the
researches. Critiquing Quantitative and Qualitative Study. Quantitative data mainly
provides numerical data and include a hypothesis to work towards the directions (Eliyahu,
2014). Qualitative research will serve the research with descriptive goals, while the
quantitative research will deliver specific variable measures (Sinaga, 2014). The insights of
these two studies can help the researchers chose which is the best and appropriate design
for the study.Conclusion Understanding the factors that causes the increasing rates of
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome is very important for the reduction rates. The two articles
critiqued in this paper shows the factors causing the infant sleep-related deaths. Analyzing
the different methods of research used in the articles reviewed helps to learn more about
the two designs of the study, qualitative and quantitative study. Study designs discovers

3. significant amount of information about the researches. Qualitative study is subjective and
quantitative study is analyzed through statistical means (Polit & Beck, 2017). Knowing the
different methods of designs used in research helps the researchers choose a better one for
any new research. Critiquing Quantitative and Qualitative Study. ReferencesCrane, D., &
Ball, H. L. (2016). A qualitative study in parental perceptions and understandingof SIDS-
reduction guidance in a UK bi-cultural community. BMC Pediatrics, 161. doi:
10.1186/s12887-016-0560-7Eliyahu, A. (2014). Understanding different types of research:
The difference betweenqualitative and quantitative approaches. Retrieved
from: http://chronicle.umbmentoring.org/on-methods-whats-the-difference-between-
qualitataive-and-quantitative-approaches/Hogan. C. (2014). Socioeconomic Factors
Affecting Infant Sleep-Related Deaths in St. Louis.Public Health Nursing. 31(1), 10-18. doi:
10.1111/phn.12052Houde, S. C. (2009). The systematic review of literature: A tool for
evidence-based policy.Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 35(9), 9-12. Critiquing
Quantitative and Qualitative Study.Polit, D. F., & Beck, C. T. (2012). Nursing research:
Generating and assessing evidence fornursing practice (9th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Wolters
KluwerSinaga, A. M. H. P. (2014). Differences Between Qualitative And Quantitative Analysis
AndHow It Should Be Applied In Our Research. Retrieved
from: http://www.academia.edu/10722206/Difference_Between_Qualitative_And_Quantit
ative_Analysis_And_How_It_Should_Be_Applied_In_Our_ResearchWilliamson, K. M. (2009).
Evidence-based practice: Critical appraisal of qualitative evidence.Journal of the American
Psychiatric Association, 15(3), 202-207. Critiquing Quantitative and Qualitative
Study. Critique Template for a Quantitative StudyNURS 5052/NURS 6052Week 6
Assignment: Application: Critiquing Quantitative, Qualitative, or Mixed Methods Studies
(due by Day 7 of Week 7)Date: 10/15/2017Your name: Sandhya ThomasArticle reference
(in APA style): Hogan. C. (2014). Socioeconomic Factors Affecting Infant Sleep-Related
Deaths in St. Louis. Public Health Nursing. 31(1), 10-18. doi: 10.1111/phn.12052URL:
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/doi/10.1111/phn.12052/epdf What
is a critique? Simply stated, a critique is a critical analysis undertaken for some purpose.
Nurses critique research for three main reasons: to improve their practice, to broaden their
understanding, and to provide a base for the conduct of a study. Critiquing Quantitative and
Qualitative Study.When the purpose is to improve practice, nurses must give special
consideration to questions such as these: Are the research findings appropriate to my
practice setting and situation?What further research or pilot studies need to be done, if any,
before incorporating findings into practice to assure both safety and effectiveness?How
might a proposed change in practice trigger changes in other aspects of practice? To help
you synthesize your learning throughout this course and prepare you to utilize research in
your practice, you will be critiquing a qualitative, quantitative, or mixed methods research
study of your choice. If the article is unavailable in a full-text version through the Walden
University Library, you must e-mail the article as a PDF or Word attachment to your
Instructor. QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH CRITIQUE Research Problem and Purpose What are
the problem and purpose of the referenced study? (Sometimes ONLY the purpose is stated
clearly and the problem must be inferred from the introductory discussion of the purpose.)
Critiquing Quantitative and Qualitative Study. Though the Back to Sleep Campaign that

4. began in 1994 caused an overall decrease in sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) rates,
racial disparity has continued to increase in St. Louis. The purpose of the study is to
determine whether there is a relationship between maternal socioeconomic factors and
sleep-related infant death in St. Louis. Hypotheses and Research Questions What are the
hypotheses (or research questions/objectives) of the study? (Sometimes the hypotheses or
study questions are listed in the Results section, rather than preceding the report of the
methodology used. Occasionally, there will be no mention of hypotheses, but anytime there
are inferential statistics used, the reader can recognize what the hypotheses are from
looking at the results of statistical analysis.) Critiquing Quantitative and Qualitative
Study. The research question was,” Is there a relationship between socioeconomic factors
(level of poverty, race, level of education, and number of children born) pertaining to the
mother and infant sleep-related deaths?” Literature Review What is the quality of the
literature review? Is the literature review current? Relevant? Is there evidence that the
author critiqued the literature or merely reported it without critique? Is there an integrated
summary of the current knowledge base regarding the research problem, or does the
literature review contain opinion or anecdotal articles without any synthesis or summary of
the whole? (Sometimes the literature review is incorporated into the introductory section
without being explicitly identified.) The quality of the literature review was current and
relevant. Citations are included in the literature review that shows evidence of the literature
review. There is integration of current knowledge base regarding the research in the
background section of the study. The literature review highlighted evidence of variables
(level of poverty, race, level of education, and number of children born) that affect parental
choices for infant safe sleep. Theoretical or Conceptual Framework Is a theoretical or
conceptual framework identified? If so, what is it? Is it a nursing framework or one drawn
from another discipline? (Sometimes there is no explicitly identified theoretical or
conceptual framework; in addition, many “nursing” research studies draw on a “borrowed”
framework, e.g., stress, medical pathology, etc.) The theoretical or conceptual framework
was to determine whether there are modifiable factors that may reduce racial disparity and
the tragedy of infant death. Critiquing Quantitative and Qualitative Study. Population What
population was sampled? How was the population sampled? Describe the method and
criteria. How many subjects were in the sample? There were two study populations. The
study population of all mothers of infants younger than 1 year who resided in St. Louis, MO
at the time of the infant’s birth and whose infants died in St. Louis between January 1, 2005
and December 31, 2009 was included as the case set in analysis. The control population was
a systematic sampling of all mothers who resided in St. Louis at the time of the infants’ birth
and whose infants lived past their first year. The dataset collected included information on
26,211 individuals and represented all birth recorded in St. Louis, MO between January 1,
2005 and December 31, 2009. Critiquing Quantitative and Qualitative Study. The sample
includes matched birth/death certificates and living birth certificates of infant’s who were
born/died within the time frame. Protection of Human Research Participants What steps
were taken to protect human research subjects? The study was an observational study
using secondary data analysis. The Missouri DHSS institutional review board requirements
were satisfied to obtain de-identified data. Research Design What was the design of the

5. study? If the design was modeled from previous research or pilot studies, please
describe. Quantitative case-control study used secondary data collected by the Missouri
DepartmentOf Health and Senior Services between 2005 and 2009. Because this
observational study compared cases where there was no death, a case-control study was
appropriate. Since there was no control over the original data collection, the study falls into
the category of observational studies using secondary data analysis. Instruments and
Strategies for Measurement What instruments and/or other measurement strategies were
used in data collection? Was information provided regarding the reliability and validity of
the measurement instruments? If so, describe it. Matched birth/death data were coded
according to International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems.
The database included information on the study’s outcome variable (whether they had a
sleep-related death) and on demographic independent variables, such as mother’s race,
whether she was married to the infant’s father, whether she received food stamps, years of
education, and parity. The same independent variables were used in analysis if the infant
death cases and the nondeath cases. Critiquing Quantitative and Qualitative Study. Data
Collection What procedures were used for data collection? Data was collected through
secondary data analysis from the matched birth/death data of infants between 2005 and
2009 in St. Louis, MO.Data Analysis What methods of data analysis were used? Were they
appropriate to the design and hypotheses? Descriptive statistics and frequency
distributions were generated for each variable. The case and control results were compared
once the separate analyses was complete. Since the data being analyzed categorically, the
technique of choice was logistic regression. The chi-square test was used to determine if
there was a significant relationship between the categorical independent variables. A cross-
tabulation was performed to determine the frequency with which the variables occur
together. The methods used for data analysis was appropriate to the design and
hypotheses. Interpretation of Results What results were obtained from data analysis? Is
sufficient information given to interpret the results of data analysis? The results showed
Caucasian mothers were significantly less likely than African American mothers (by a factor
of OR = .228, p = .005) to experience sleep related infant death. Although poverty was
significant in the chi-squared analysis, it was significant in logistic regression. Even though
previous researches showed racial disparity regarding sleep-related infant deaths that
occurred while co-sleeping, the data presented by the Missouri Department of Health and
Senior Services did not provide specific information about the individual deaths beyond
unintentional suffocation Critiquing Quantitative and Qualitative Study.Sufficient
information was given to interpret the results of the data analysis the study included tables
of all the findings. Discussion of Findings Was the discussion of findings related to the
framework? Were those the expected findings? Were they consistent with previous
studies? Were serendipitous (i.e., accidental) findings described? Discussion of findings was
related to the framework. Previous research has suggested that socioeconomic factors have
an impact on infant sleep-related deaths, this study found a significant relationship only
between race and infant sleep-related death. So the study was not consistent with the
previous studies. Critiquing Quantitative and Qualitative Study. Limitations Did the
researcher report limitations of the study? (Limitations are acknowledgments of internal

6. characteristics of the study that may help explain insignificant and other unexpected
findings, and more importantly, indicate those groups to whom the findings CANNOT be
generalized or applied. It is a fact that all studies must be limited in some way; not all of the
issues involved in a problem situation can be studied all at once.) Researcher did report
limitations for the study. The study population was a limitation, as it is a largely an African
American community. The size of the sample may also limit the validity and the
generalizability of the study. Although the sample for mothers who have experienced sleep-
related infant deaths is a valid presentation, the sample taken from the mothers who have
not experienced sleep-related infant deaths may provide an inaccurate basis for
comparison, especially given the size of the sample in relation to the total population.
Critiquing Quantitative and Qualitative Study. Implications Are the conclusions and
implications drawn by the author warranted by the study findings? (Sometimes researchers
will seem to ignore findings that don’t confirm their hypotheses as they interpret the
meaning of their study findings.) The conclusions and implications drawn by the author are
warranted by the study findings. The results of the study have a social change potential.
This study provides evidence that there continues to be racial disparity in ST. Louis,
Missouri despite messages of the Back to Sleep Campaign and drastic reductions in sleep-
related deaths in Caucasian population. The findings from this study serve to inform the
concerned offices that there is a specific demographic group for them to target and educate
the dangers of sleep-related infant death. Critiquing Quantitative and Qualitative
Study. Recommendations Does the author offer legitimate recommendations for further
research? Is the description of the study sufficiently clear and complete to allow replication
of the study? (Sometimes researchers’ recommendations seem to come from “left field”
rather than following obviously from the discussion of findings. If a research problem is
truly significant, the results need to be confirmed with additional research; in addition, if a
reader wishes to design a study using a different sample or correcting flaws in the original
study, a complete description is necessary.) Author does offers legitimate recommendations
for further research. The study did not show significant relationship between maternal level
of education, poverty and sleep-related deaths. There were limitations in the study, mainly
being the size. Further research in a larger scale maybe beneficial. Critiquing Quantitative
and Qualitative Study. Research Utilization in Your Practice How might this research inform
your practice? Are the research findings appropriate to your practice setting and situation?
What further research or pilot studies need to be done, if any, before incorporating findings
into practice to assure both safety and effectiveness? How might the utilization of this
research trigger changes in other aspects of practice? Being an OB nurse the research
findings are appropriate to my practice setting and situation. Further research should be
done including a larger sample size, teen parents and single parents. Rather providing a
single message about Sudden Infant Death Syndrome, the education needs to be targeted to
the individual. Further research on this topic will trigger changes in practice with a positive
outcome. Critique Template for a Qualitative StudyNURS 5052/NURS 6052Week 6
Assignment: Application: Critiquing Quantitative, Qualitative, or Mixed Methods Studies
(due by Day 7 of Week 7)Date: 10/15/2017Your name: Sandhya ThomasArticle reference
(in APA style): Crane, D., & Ball, H. L. (2016). A qualitative study in parental perceptions and

7. understanding of SIDS-reduction guidance in a UK bi-cultural community. BMC Pediatrics,
161. doi: 10.1186/s12887-016-0560-
7URL:http://eds.a.ebscohost.com.ezp.waldenulibrary.org/eds/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=6
6&sid=5449fa37-5ab8-4d72-b95a-d4cf314731b6%40sessionmgr4009 What is a critique?
Simply stated, a critique is a critical analysis undertaken for some purpose. Nurses critique
research for three main reasons: to improve their practice, to broaden their understanding,
and to provide a base for the conduct of a study. Critiquing Quantitative and Qualitative
Study. When the purpose is to improve practice, nurses must give special consideration to
questions such as these: Are the research findings appropriate to my practice setting and
situation?What further research or pilot studies need to be done, if any, before
incorporating findings into practice to assure both safety and effectiveness?How might a
proposed change in practice trigger changes in other aspects of practice? To help you
synthesize your learning throughout this course and prepare you to utilize research in your
practice, you will be critiquing a qualitative, quantitative, or mixed-methods research study
of your choice If the article is unavailable in a full-text version through the Walden
University Library, you must e-mail the article as a PDF or Word attachment to your
Instructor. QUALITATIVE RESEARCH CRITIQUE Research Issue and Purpose What is the
research question or issue of the referenced study? What is its purpose? (Sometimes ONLY
the purpose is stated clearly and the question must be inferred from the introductory
discussion of the purpose.) The research question or issue of the referenced study was, why
parents appear to follow some guidelines for SIDS-reduction and not others. The purpose of
the study was to discover how white British and Pakistani mothers in Bradford recall,
understand and interpret SIDS-guidance, and to explore whether and how they implement
this guidance in caring for their infants. This will help explore the cultural context in which
infant care is performed in order to inform future public health interventions and similar
ethnically diverse populations. Researcher Pre-understandings Does the article include a
discussion of the researcher’s pre-understandings? What does the article disclose about the
researcher’s professional and personal perspectives on the research problem? Critiquing
Quantitative and Qualitative Study. The researchers pre-understanding was not included in
the article. Literature Review What is the quality of the literature review? Is the literature
review current, relevant? Is there evidence that the author critiqued the literature or merely
reported it without critique? Is there an integrated summary of the current knowledge base
regarding the research problem, or does the literature review contain opinion or anecdotal
articles without any synthesis or summary of the whole? (Sometimes the literature review
is incorporated into the introductory section without being explicitly identified.) The
quality of the literature review is good. The literature is current and relevant. There is
citations for all the evidence that the author critiqued. There is no integrated summary of
the current knowledge base regarding the research problem, but the study contains
anecdotal article citations, without the summary of the literature review as a whole.
Critiquing Quantitative and Qualitative Study. Theoretical or Conceptual Framework Is a
theoretical or conceptual framework identified? If so, what is it? Is it a nursing framework
or one drawn from another discipline? (Sometimes there is no explicitly identified
theoretical or conceptual framework; in addition, many “nursing” research studies draw on

8. a “borrowed” framework, e.g., stress, medical pathology, etc.) A theoretical or conceptual
framework for this study was that, differences existed in infant care practices between
white British and UK Pakistani mothers. The background of the study also reveals that
South Asian infant care protects infants from the most important SIDS-related factors such
as cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, sofa-sharing, prone sleep and solitary
sleep. Participants Who were the participants? Is the setting or study group adequately
described? Is the setting appropriate for the research question? What type of sampling
strategy was used? Was it appropriate? Was the sample size adequate? Did the researcher
stipulate that information redundancy was achieved? The participants of the study was
mothers of 8-12 week old infants. The setting for the study was at Bradford Royal Infirmary
Maternity Unit. The setting was appropriate for the research question. Purposive sampling
strategy was used which was appropriate for the study. The interviews were done with 46
participants, 25 white British and 21 Pakistani mothers. The sample size for the study was
small. The researcher did not stipulate that information redundancy was achieved.
Critiquing Quantitative and Qualitative Study. Protection of Human Research
Participants What steps were taken to protect human research subjects? Ethical approval
was granted by Durham University and the NHS National Research Ethics Committee of
Yorkshire and Humber. R&D Management approval was granted by Bradford Teaching
Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Bradford Institute for Health Research. Participant’s
received oral and written information about the study at recruitment and again prior to the
interview when written consent was obtained. Research Design What was the design of the
study? If the design was modeled from previous research or pilot studies, please
describe. The study design was a qualitative, cohort study. The study was based on findings
from other studies that showed differences in infant care practices between white British
and UK Pakistani mothers. Critiquing Quantitative and Qualitative Study. Data
Collection/Generation Methods What methods were used for data
collection/generation? Was triangulation used? In depth narrative interviews was
conducted to obtain qualitative data. All interviews were conducted and analyzed by one
researcher with the guidance and supervision of the second researcher. The interviews
were audio-taped and verbatim transcripts were thematically analyzed via a continuous
comparative method as they were generated. Themes were discussed and agreed by both
researchers. Triangulation was not used in this study. Credibility Were the generated data
credible? Explain your reasons. The data that was generated by this study was credible. The
participants of the study was mothers of infants 8-12 weeks old, who was aware of the
SIDS-reduction guidance, implemented different infant sleeping practices for personal and
cultural reasons. Mostly they were verbalizing their own experiences and reasons for doing
so. Data Analysis What methods were used for data analysis? What evidence was provided
that the researcher’s analysis was accurate and replicable? Narrative interviews was
conducted and audio-taped. They were conducted in 4 equal batches from the two ethnic
groups concurrently to ensure that developing themes were explored and cross-checked.
The interviewer produced verbatim transcripts which were thematically analyzed through
a continuous comparative methods as they were generated. Themes were discussed and
agreed by both authors. Critiquing Quantitative and Qualitative Study. Findings What were

9. the findings? All mothers were aware of UK SIDS-reduction guidance from leaflets
presented to them during antenatal or postnatal interactions with healthcare providers.
Pakistani mothers tended to dismiss the guidance as being irrelevant to their cultural
practices; white British mothers dismissed, adapted and adopted aspects of the guidance to
suit their preferred parenting decisions and personal circumstances. Many mothers
misunderstood or misinterpreted the guidance given and explained their infant care
behavior according to their social and cultural circumstances. The findings of the study
suggests guidance and literature should be actually with acknowledgment, understanding
and appreciation of variations in infant caregiving and discussion of the barriers to
implementation encountered in different settings. Discussion of Findings Was the
discussion of findings related to the framework? Were those the expected findings? Were
they consistent with previous studies? Were serendipitous (i.e., accidental) findings
described? The discussion of the findings was related to the framework of the study.
Research has not explored why parents appear to follow some SIDS-reduction guidelines
and not others. The findings of the study was expected. There was no accidental findings
described in the study. Limitations Did the researcher report limitations of the study?
(Limitations are acknowledgments of internal characteristics of the study that may help
explain insignificant and other unexpected findings, and more importantly, indicate those
groups to whom the findings CANNOT be generalized or applied. It is a fact that all studies
must be limited in some way; not all of the issues involved in a problem situation can be
studied all at once.) The researchers have not reported any limitations in the study. After
reviewing the study, the limitations could be the small sample size of the participants and
the study was focused only to the mothers of bi-cultural community in
Bradford. Implications Are the conclusions and implications drawn by the author warranted
by the study findings? (Sometimes researchers will seem to ignore findings that don’t
confirm their expectations as they interpret the meaning of their study findings.) Critiquing
Quantitative and Qualitative Study. The conclusions and implications drawn by the
researchers warranted the study findings. The study suggests that more emphasis needs to
be placed on the recommendations that are associated with the greater risk reduction in
order to achieve the greatest benefit. Recommendations Does the author offer legitimate
recommendations for further research? Is the description of the study sufficiently clear and
complete to allow replication of the study? (Sometimes researchers’ recommendations
seem to come from “left field” rather than following obviously from the discussion of
findings. If a research problem is truly significant, the results need to be confirmed with
additional research; in addition, if a reader wishes to design a study using a different sample
or correcting flaws in the original study, a complete description is necessary.) The
researchers did not specifically recommend for further research. But recommendations
were made for the need for risk minimization in infant sleep recommendations with an
individually tailored approach by acknowledging the cultural preferences. Research
Utilization in Your Practice How might this research inform your practice? Are the research
findings appropriate to your practice setting and situation? What further research or pilot
studies need to be done, if any, before incorporating findings into practice to assure both
safety and effectiveness? How might the utilization of this research trigger changes in other

10. aspects of practice? The findings are appropriate for my setting. We come across a lot bi-
cultural mothers that provides infant care as per their cultural beliefs and practices. Further
studies needs to be done how to incorporate the individually tailored approach to help new
mothers or parents to be more compliant about following the SIDS-reduction guidance. The
utilization of the research can health professional be trained more to be aware and
understand of how infant care decisions are mediated and performed, in differing social and
cultural environments, and to provide tailored information to allow parents to work within
their personal constraints. Critiquing Quantitative and Qualitative Study.