Semester 2 2016 agenda openers for posting

Stratton Openers
Biology Semester 2, 2015-
16

Class
O r g a n i c C h e m i s t r y
Biology
1

Opener 2/8-9/16
Remember to use complete
sentences.
1.What are the four
basic elements of
life?
2.Name a simple
sugar.
3.Write the
chemical formula
for one of the
molecules in
Image A.

Opener 2/8/16
sentences.
1.What are the four
basic elements of
life?Carbon, Hydrogen,
Oxygen, and Nitrogen
are the four basic
elements of life. (HONC)
2. Name a simple
sugar.
Glucose, fructose,
and galactose are all
simple sugars.

Opener 2/8-9/16
sentences.
3. Write the chemical
formula for one of
the molecules in
Image A.
The formula is
written: C6H12O6.
4. In general terms what
are the structures in
Image B called?
The structures in
Image B are called
carbon rings.

Agenda Targets
Class 1 • 2/8-9/16
• Opener
• Spectrometers
• Organic Chemistry
• Review basic chemistry
• Organic — think carbon
• Isomers
• Functional groups
• Saccharides (mono-, di-,
& poly-)
• Know how atoms bond,
HONC bonding numbers.
• Know the following organic
functional groups.
• —CH3 and —CH2, —COOH, —
OH, —NH2, —SH, —PO4
• Methyl, Hydroxyl, Carboxyl, Amino,
Sulfhydryl, Phosphate
• Be able to compare and
contrast mono-, di-, &
polysaccharides.
• Be able to draw the chain
structural formulas of
monosaccharaides isomers.
• Understand the following
processes: dehydration
synthesis and hydrolysis.

• Each of two or
more compounds
• Same formula
• Different
arrangement of
atoms
• Different
properties
Chemical Formula Isomers

Class
2 / 1 0 & 1 6 / 1 6
Organic Chemistry Basics 2
&
3

Opener 2/10 & 16/16
sentences.
1.How many
bonding sites
does Image A
have?
2.What is a
monosaccharide?
3.What element’s
atom will typically
fill in when only a

Agenda Targets
Class 2/3 • 2/10 &16/16
• Opener
• Review basic chemistry
• Organic — think carbon
• Isomers
• Functional groups
• Dehydration Synthesis &
Hydrolysis
• Saccharides (mono-, di-,
& poly-)
• Know how atoms bond,
HONC bonding numbers.
• Know the following organic
functional groups.
• —CH3 and —CH2, —COOH, —
OH, —NH2, —SH, —PO4
• Methyl, Hydroxyl, Carboxyl, Amino,
Sulfhydryl, Phosphate
polysaccharides.

• Variety of
combinations
• Create different
organic molecules
• Attach to carbon
chains and rings.
Organic functional groups

1. Single ring is called
a monosaccharide
a.(mono = one /
saccharide = sugar).
b.These are simple
sugars.
2. Double rings are
called a
disaccharide.
a.(di = two / saccharide
= sugar).
b.These are more
complex sugars.
3. Multiple rings are
called
polysaccharides.
a.(poly = many /
saccharide = sugar).
Saccharides (Sugars,
Carbohydrates)

Class
2 / 1 2 - 1 3 / 1 6
Organic Chemistry 2
&
3
Stratt out — Sub

Opener 2/12-13/16
Remember to use complete sentences.
1.What is formed
when 2
monosaccharaides
combine?
2.What is the process
shown in Image A?
3.What is the ratio of
oxygen and
hydrogen only
found in
carbohydrates ?
4.Describe the
difference and

Opener 2/12-13/16
1.What is formed
when 2
monosaccharaides
combine?
Disaccharides are
formed when two
monosaccharaides
combine.
shown in Image A?
The process shown
in Image A is
dehydration

Opener 2/12-13/16
3. What is the ratio of
oxygen and hydrogen
only found in
carbohydrates ?
The ratio of two
hydrogen to one oxygen
(2:1) is found in
carbohydrates. It is the
same as water.
4. Describe the difference
and similarities
between isomer
compounds.
Isomers have the same
molecular formulas, but

Agenda Targets
Class 2/3 • 2/12-13/16
• Opener
• “The Secret of Life”
Video Discovering DNA
• Watch video & take note
about discovery of DNA.
• Know who discovered
formation of DNA.
• Understand the controversy
surrounding this discovery.

Class
2 / 1 7 - 1 8 / 1 6
Basic Organic Chemistry
4

Opener 2/17-18/16
1.What process is
shown in Image A?
2.How are
disaccharides
turned into
monosaccharaides?
3.What does the octet
rule state?
4.What are the four
major organic
Image B
Image A

Opener 2/17-18/16
1. What process is shown in Image
A?
The process is dehydration
synthesis, the removal of H20 to
make a larger polymer.
2. How are disaccharides turned into
monosaccharaides?
Through the process of hydrolysis
a water is added to a polymer
breaking into smaller monomers.
3. What does the octet rule state?
The octet rule is a chemical rule of
thumb reflecting observations that
atoms of main-group elements tend
to combine in such a way that each
atom has eight electrons in
its valence shell (outermost shell).
4. What are the four major organic
compounds (polymers)?
Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins
and nucleic acids are the four
Image B
Image A

Agenda Targets
Class 4 • 2/17-18/16
• Finish video “The Secret of
Life” Turn in questions
• Opener
• Saccharides (mono-, di-, & poly-)
• Major organic compounds
(polymers)
1. Carbohydrates (today)
2. Lipids (today)
3. Proteins (homework, next class)
4. Nucleic Acids (homework, next
class)
• DNA & RNA (homework, next
class)
• Homework:
• Read packet on proteins, nucleic acid,
DNA &RNA (top of page only)
• Do fill out/answer
polysaccharides.
• Be able to identify whether a
polymer is a carbohydrate,
lipid, or protein.
• Know the difference between
saturated and unsaturated
lipids.
• Know the basics of DNA &
RNA molecules.
15 pt. Quiz next class

Carbohydrates
For this class:
Polysaccharides
3+ monomers
(e.g. glycogen,
cellulose, starch,
chitin, amylose)

Class
2 / 1 9 - 2 2 / 1 6
Basic Organic Chemistry
5

Opener 2/19-22/16
sentences.
1.Give an example
of a lipid.
2.What kind of a
carbohydrate is a
starch?
3. Which kind of
compound has a
2H:1O ratio?
4.Explain how two
monomers of
sugar join.
Image B
Image A

Agenda Targets
Class 5 • 2/19-22/16
• Turn in questions “The
Secret of Life”
• Opener
• Quiz no notes
• Organic Chemistry Packet
• Major organic compounds
(polymers)
1. Carbohydrates
2. Lipids
3. Proteins (today)
4. Nucleic Acids (today)
• DNA & RNA (today)
• Homework:
• Fill out/answer last of packet
• DNA Activity Lab next
polysaccharides.
• Be able to identify whether a
polymer is a carbohydrate,
lipid, or protein.
• Know the difference between
saturated and unsaturated
lipids.
• Know the basics of DNA &
RNA molecules.
15 pt. Quiz

• Go to class website
• Go to Quizzes &
Tests page
• Click on
http://socrative.
com/
• Choose student
•Last name, first
Organic Chemistry Quiz 2/19-22/16
http://socrative.com/
Room: 296186

Socrative Student Logon
296186

Class
2 / 2 3 - 2 4 / 1 6
Unit 5
DNA
6

Opener 2/23-24/16
1.What are the four
bases of DNA?
2.What does DNA
code for?
3.What is replication?
4.What is the basic
unit of DNA called?
Image B
Image A

2/23-24/16
1.What are the four bases of DNA?
The four bases of DNA are adenine,
thymine, guanine, and cytosine.
2.What does DNA code for?
DNA codes for amino acids which
make up proteins.
3.What is replication?
The nearly exact copying of DNA
from one of its two strands.
4.What is the basic unit of DNA
called?
The basic unit of DNA (and RNA) is a
nucleotide which is comprised of a
pentose sugar, phosphate, and one of
Image B
Image A

Agenda Targets
Class 6 • 2/23-24/16
• Opener
• Power outage quiz retake (Day
1 only)
• Finish Organic Chem. Packet
(Day 1 only)
• Activity:
• “Have Your DNA and Eat It
Too!”
• “Reading DNA”
• Test Retake/Make-up
• Thurs., Feb. 25 • After School
• 70% of retake or average of two
test (whichever is highest)
• Homework
• Learn the basics of DNA.
• Learn the four DNA bases.
• Develop a DNA Vocabulary.
• Know what a nucleotide is.
• Understand the shape of
DNA.
• Know where DNA is located.
• Know who discovered DNA.
• Understand the importance of
the double helix.
• Be able to draw and label a
Nucleotide.
• Be able to label a basic DNA
drawing..

• Work in table pairs for Part
I, Have Your DNA & Eat It
Too
• Work in group for Part II,
Reading DNA
• You will need the following:
• Brown Paper Bag with
• 9 yellow, green & orange
marshmallows
• 18 pink marshmallows
• 2 red licorice vines
• 1 black licorice vine
• 5 paper clips
• Masking tape
• 6 toothpicks
• 2 of each colored circles;
dark yellow, pink, green,
purple, dark pink (red), bright
The Marshmallow Lab

Lab Part I
Have Your DNA & Eat It Too
DNA Replication
Making an nearly exact copy of
DNA
• Work in pairs, each table in a
group should choose a different
DNA sequence to create.
• Read & follow all directions.
• Get instructor’s signature when
finished with section.

Lab Part II
Reading DNA
Protein Synthesis
Is the transcription, mRNA,
translation, tRNA, and joining of
amino acids.
• Read & follow all directions.
• Work as a group of four for this
section (by table color)
• Get instructor’s signature when
finished with each section.

Class
2 / 2 5 & 2 9 / 1 5
Unit 5
DNA
7

Opener 2/25 & 29/16
1.How do DNA bases
pair?
2.How does RNA
differ from DNA?
3.What is meant by
DNA replication?
4.What does the
licorice in the
marshmallow lab
represent?
Image B
Image A

Opener 2/25 & 29/16
1. How do DNA bases pair?
Cytosine pairs with guanine
and adenosine pairs with
thymine.
2. How does RNA differ from
DNA?
They have different sugars,
RNA has only one strand vs.
two, and in RNA thymine is
replaced by uracil.
3. What is meant by DNA
replication?
Replication is the act of
copying, nearly exactly, a
strand of DNA from the
Image B
Image A

Opener 2/25 & 29/16
4. What does the licorice in the
marshmallow lab represent?
The licorice represents the
phosphate/sugar backbone
of DNA, the uprights of the
“ladder.”
5. What is the process in
Image B called?
The process in Image B is
translation because the tRNA
is “translating” or decoding
DNA into amino acids.
Image B
Image A

Agenda Targets
Class 6 • 2/25 & 29/16
• Opener
• Turn in Organic Chem.
packet
• Watch Ameba Sisters video
on DNA structure & function
(Day 1 only).
• Finish Activity:
• “Have Your DNA and Eat It
Too!”
• “Reading DNA” (you may not
finish this today)
• Test Retake/Make-up
• Thurs., Feb. 25 • After School
• 70% of retake or average of two
test (whichever is highest)
• Learn the basics of DNA.
• Learn the four DNA bases.
• Develop a DNA Vocabulary.
• Understand the shape of
DNA.
• Know where DNA is located.
the double helix.
Nucleotide.
drawing..

Class
3 / 1 / 1 6
DNA, RNA & Protein
Synthesis
8

Opener 3/1-2/16
Write in complete sentences.
1. Explain the differences
between DNA & RNA?
(there are 3 major)
a. ___________________
___
b. ___________________
___
c. ___________________
___
2. How many carbons are
in DNA & RNA sugars?
3. How many codon(s)
is/are matched with an
Image B
Image A

Opener 3/1/16
1. Explain the differences
between DNA & RNA?
(there are 3 major)
a.2x Stranded vs 1x
Stranded
b.Deoxyribose vs Ribose
sugar
c.Thymine vs Uracil
2. How many carbons are
in DNA & RNA sugars?
• Pentose — 5
carbons
3. How many codon(s)
is/are matched with an
Image B
Image A

mRNA Codon / tRNA Anticodons

Agenda Targets
Class 8 • 3/1/16
• Opener
• Activity:
• Finish marshmallow lab
and turn in
• Video: Amoeba Sisters
Video Recap “DNA vs.
RNA & Protein
Synthesis.”
• Homework: Protein
Synthesis Worksheet Due
(next class)
• Handouts
1.Amoeba Sisters “DNA vs.
RNA & Protein Synthesis”
• Review the four DNA bases.
• Use DNA/RNA Vocabulary.
• Understand the shape of DNA vs.
RNA.
• Know where DNA & RNA are
located.
• Understand the importance of the
double helix.
Nucleotide.
drawing.
• Understand how DNA & RNA are
different.
• Be able to explain how DNA &

Class
3 / 3 - 4 / 1 6
DNA, RNA & Protein
Synthesis
9
State (OAKS) Science Testing

State Science Testing
• In Rm. 503
• 240 is passing, 252 exceeding
• No talking of any kind, no in/out or room
during testing
• No phones, tables or music players

Class
3 / 7 - 8 / 1 6
DNA, RNA & Protein
Synthesis 1
0

Opener 3/7-8/16
Remember to use your resources.
1. What are the steps of
protein synthesis?
2. What are proteins
made out of?
3. How is ribose sugar
different from
deoxyribose sugar?
4. In which process is
there a clover leaf like
structure?
Image B
Image A

Agenda Targets
Class 10 • 3/7-8/16
• Opener
• Turn in finished marshmallow
lab.
• Get out:
• Protein Synthesis Worksheet (Due)
• Amoeba Sisters Video Amoeba Sisters
Video Recap • DNA vs. RNA and Protein
Synthesis (door table)
• An Illustrated DNA Tale (door table)
Activity:
• An Illustrated DNA Tale
Handouts
1. Protein Synthesis Worksheet
(old)
2.Amoeba Sisters Video Recap •
DNA vs. RNA & Protein
Unit
• Understand the shape of DNA
vs. RNA.
located.
the double helix.
Nucleotide.
drawing.
• Understand how DNA & RNA
are different.
RNA work together to create
proteins.
• Know what transcription &
translation are; where they
take place and which

DNA, RNA, Protein Synthesis Quiz
Friday, 3/11
Monday, 3/14

Assignment Overview
Final Product Getting There
 A comic strip or
graphic novel
 Tells the tale of
“protein synthesis” via
 words
 illustrations
1.Identify key science
terms
2.Replace terms
 Brainstorm ideas with
table group
3.Create story line
4.Sketch out ideas
5.Fill out the 8 panels

An Illustrated DNA Tale
Quietly by yourself
1.Use your prior
assignments to review
the process of protein
synthesis.
2.Compare it to the 9
steps listed on “An
Illustrated DNA Tale”
worksheet noting
similarities and
differences. Mark
science terms
occurring in both.

Scientific Terms
Amino
Acids
Cell Codon DNA
Messenge
r RNA
Molecule mRNA
Nucleotide
s
Nucleus
Polymeras
e
Protein Ribosome
RNA
Transfer
RNA
tRNA

Replacing Terms
Original
Becomes
DNA is located in the nucleus of the cell.
DNA is located in the nucleus of the cell.
Becomes
George is located in the center of the city.
Malinda Mermaid is located in the under the
sea in Alantis.
Or

In assigned table group.
1.Agree on important key
terms about DNA, RNA &
protein synthesis.
2.Creatively brainstorm
non-science storyline
paralleling the protein
synthesis process.
3. Edit each statement by
replacing those key terms
& words until the group
has a story line (not a full
story).
Original
• The sequence of DNA
nucleotides forms the
genetic code.
Edit
• The sequence of DNA
nucleotides forms the
genetic code.”
Revised
• The sequence of events
formed the new alliance
between the once bitter
enemies.
Planning: Writing the Tale

In assigned table group.
1.Determine the writers &
artists within your group.
2.Divide the work of
creating a comic strip or
graphic novel equally
between group.
3.You must use convey the
ideas of protein synthesis
process without using
scientific terms.
Original
• DNA is located in the
nucleus of the cell
Edit
• DNA is located in the
nucleus of the cell
Revised
• The navy seal’s boat
is located in the heart
of the harbor.
Writing & Drawing the tale

What to do now
Original
• The sequence of DNA nucleotides forms the
genetic code.
Edit
• The sequence of DNA nucleotides forms the
genetic code.”
Revised
• The sequence of storm events formed the
town’s new water front.
• “DNA is located in the nucleus of the cell.”

Protein Synthesis
Transcription
Translation

Class
3 / 9 - 1 0 / 1 6
Unit 5
DNA
11

Class 11
Opener 3/9-10/16
Write in complete sentences. Use
composition books.
1.What happens during
transcription?
2.How is transcription
different from
replication?
shown in Image A ?
4.How do you know what
the process in Image B
is?
Image B
Image A

Class 11
Opener 3/9-10/16
composition books.
1. What happens during transcription?
2.DNA is copied to
mRNA
3. How is transcription different from
replication?
4.Transcription takes place
in a cell’s nucleus &
cytoplasm using DNA &
mRNA while replication
is the nearly exact
coping of DNA.
Transcription is part of
Image B
Image A

Class 11
Opener 3/9-10/16
composition books.
3. What is the process
shown in Image A ?
4. Translation is shown
in Image A.
5.How do you know what
the process in Image B
is?
6.It is known because
tRNA anti-codons
have amino acids on
Image B
Image A

DNA & RNA Quiz Will Cover
• Differences between DNA & RNA
• Base pairing
• Types of sugars
• Replication
• Protein Synthesis
• Transcription
• Translation

Agenda Targets
Class 11 • 3/9-10/16
• Opener
• Lab: DNA Extraction from
Strawberries.
• PowerPoint on lab.
• Webpage/Video on lab.
• Lab
• Work on “An Illustrated
DNA Tale” while
waiting for processes
in lab to take place.
• Review the four DNA bases.
• Understand the shape of DNA
vs. RNA.
located.
the double helix.
Nucleotide.
drawing.
different.

Class
3 / 11 & 1 4 / 1 6
Unit 5
DNA, RNA, Protein Synthesis
12

Class 12
Opener 3/11-14/16
Write in complete sentences. Use composition
books.
1.For the 1962 The Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine
answer these two questions:
A. Who won the prize for their
work on DNA?
B. Who did significant work on
figuring out DNA’s shape
and was not given prize?
2.Using Image B…
A. For each of the bases, what
is the complementary
base?
B. What are each of the
lettered boxes pointing to?
C.How many amino acids will
Image B
Image A

Class 12
Opener 3/11-14/16
books.
work on DNA?
The prize was awarded
jointly to Francis Crick,
James Watson and Maurice
Wilkins "for their
discoveries concerning the
molecular structure of
nucleic acids and its
significance for information
transfer in living material.”
Image B
Image A

Class 12
Opener 3/11-14/16
books.
work on DNA?
B. Who did significant work on
figuring out DNA’s shape
and was not given prize?
British chemist Rosalind
Franklin did not receive the
prize because she died from
ovarian cancer in 1958.
Image B
Image A

Class 12
Opener 3/11-14/16
books.
2. Using Image B…
A. For each of the bases, what
is the complementary
base?
A.Adenine to Thymine
B.Guanine to Cytosine
C.Cytosine to Guanine
D.Adenine to Thymine
B. What are each of the
a)Phosphate group
b)Deoxyribose Sugar
c)A single base, in this
case adenine
d)A nitrogenous
Image B
Image A

Class 12
Opener 3/11-14/16
books.
2. Using Image B…
A. What are each of the
a)Phosphate group
b)Deoxyribose Sugar
c)A single base, in this
case adenine
d)A nitrogenous
nucleotide
B. How many amino acids will
this code for?
Only one, it takes three
bases to make one codon
which codes for a single
Image B
Image A

Agenda Targets
Class 11 • 3/9-10/16
• Opener
• Quiz 15 pts. —
Socrative When done
• Finish gathering data &
recording answers for
lab.
DNA Tale” while waiting
for processes in lab to
take place.
• Access knowledge of
DNA, RNA & Protein
Synthesis
• Know the four DNA bases.
RNA.
• Know where DNA & RNA are located.
double helix.
Nucleotide.
• Be able to label a basic DNA drawing.
different.

• Go to class
website
• Go to Quizzes
& Tests page
•Click on
http://socrati
ve.com/
• Choose student
• Last name,
first
DNA, RNA, PS Quiz 3/11-14/16
http://socrative.com/
Room: 296186

Class
3 / 1 5 - 1 6 / 1 6
Unit 5
DNA, RNA, Protein
Synthesis 1
3

Class 13
Opener 3/15-16/16
composition books.
1.What is Image A a
drawing of?
2.What makes up a
nucleotide?
3.What is the purpose
(end result) of
transcription &
translation?
Image B
Image A

Agenda Targets
Class 13 • 3/15-16/16
• Opener
• Grades
• Finish gathering data
• Enter Data into Google
Sheets
• Answer lab questions.
DNA Tale”
• Quiz Retake Tues. 15,
Thurs. 17
DNA, RNA & Protein
Synthesis
RNA.
double helix.
Nucleotide.
different.

Class
3 / 1 7 - 1 8 / 1 6
Unit 5
DNA, RNA, Protein
Synthesis 1
4

Class 14
Opener 3/17-18/16
composition books.
1. What contains the
code for a shamrocks’
color?
2. How do leprechauns
pass on their traits to
their children?
3. Give four examples of
shamrocks’ traits?
Image B
Image A
Have a safe and fun
Spring Break
Shamrock

Agenda Targets
Class 14 • 3/17-18/16
• Opener
• Seating Chart
• Finish gathering data
• Enter Data into Google
Sheets
• Answer lab questions.
• Finish on “An Illustrated
DNA Tale” Turn in
• Turn in Comp. Books
REAL start date: Feb.8/9
• Quiz Retake After school
Thurs. 17
DNA, RNA & Protein
Synthesis
RNA.
double helix.
Nucleotide.
different.
Have a safe
and fun Spring
Break

Class 14
Opener 3/28-29/16
Write in complete sentences. Use composition books.
1. Where is DNA located in a
cell?
2. What is the part of a cell which
forms naturally when DNA and
protein condense?
3. What was the independent
variable in the DNA Extraction
Lab?
4. Where was the DNA gathered
from in the DNA Extraction
Lab?
Image B
Image A

Class 14
Opener 3/28-29/16
1. Where is DNA located in a
cell?
• It is located in the nucleus.
1. What is the part of a cell which
forms naturally when DNA and
protein condense?
• It is a chromosome.
1. What was the independent
variable in the DNA Extraction
Lab?
• Mass of the strawberry is
Image B
Image A

Class 14
Opener 3/28-29/16
1. Where was the DNA gathered
from in the DNA Extraction
Lab?
• It was gathered from the
layer of alcohol in the test
tube.
1. Which chemical was used to
break down the cell
membranes?
• Detergent found in the dish
soap was used to break
Image B
Image A

Agenda Targets
Class 14 • 3/17-18/16
• Opener
• Lab
1. Enter Data into Google
Sheets
2. Create computer graph
from class data
3. Answer lab questions.
• Due
• “An Illustrated DNA Tale”
Turn in
• Get Comp. Book
• Grades: pass back
papers
DNA, RNA & Protein
Synthesis
RNA.
double helix.
Nucleotide.
different.

Class
3 / 3 0 - 3 1 / 1 6
Cellular Processes • DNA
16

Class 16Opener 3/30-
31/16
Use composition books.
1.What is the DNA
complementary
strand for Image A?
2.What process does
Image A show?
3.What is Image B?
4.What is a mutation?
5.How common are
mutations?
ImageBImageA

Class 16
Opener 3/30-31/16
1.What is the DNA
complementary
strand for Image A?
2.What process does
Image A show?
3.What is Image B?
4.What is a mutation?
5.How common are
mutations?
ImageBImageA

Opener Answer Enlarged

Agenda Targets
Class 16 • 3/30-31/16
• Opener
• Turn in DNA Extraction
packet
• Attach Class Data Table
and Graph
• Assignments
• DNA/RNA Graphic
Organizer Done
together
• Say It with DNA
• Demonstrate knowledge of
DNA & RNA.
drawing.
• Understand how DNA & RNA
are different.
proteins.
• Demonstrate ability to graph
data collected from lab
following established criteria.

DNA Replication & Protein Synthesis

Class
4 / 1 - 4 / 1 6
DNA, RNA &
Protein Synthesis 1
7

Class 17
Opener 4/1-4/16
Write in complete
sentences.
1. What makes UAA,
UAG and UGA unique
codons?
2. What happens if a
single base is
changed in a strand of
DNA?
3. What happens if an
entire codon is
changed in a DNA
sequence?
Image A

Class 17
Opener 4/1-4/16
Write in complete
sentences.
1. What makes UAA,
UAG and UGA unique
codons?
UAA, UAG & UGA are
all stop codons, they
don’t have an amino
acid.
2.What happens if a
single base is
changed in a DNA
strand?
A mutation occurs if
there is a change to the
Image A

Class 17
Opener 4/1-4/16
3.What happens if an
entire codon is changed
in a DNA sequence?
A mutation occurs if
there is a change to the
DNA. The more bases
effected the greater the
chance for expression. It
may or may not be
beneficial/harmful.
4. What is a mutation?
Any change to the DNA
is considered a mutation.
It may or may not be
Image A

Agenda Targets
Class 17 • 3/1-4/16
• Opener
• Finish DNA Decoding
worksheet “Say it with
DNA”
1. Check practice words
2. Get your message code
from Stratt
• Check your answer
3. Create your own
message, must be at
least 5 words
4. Write your code on 3x5
card
A.One side code
• Demonstrate knowledge of
Protein Synthesis.
drawing.
different.
proteins.
• Understand and be able to
demonstrate how DNA’s code
becomes an amino acid.
• Be able to use a RNA to amino
acid decoder table.
• Understand the types of
50 pt. Summative
Test April 13-14
Late Work Due April
7

Class
4 / 5 - 6 / 1 6
DNA, RNA &
Protein Synthesis, Mutations 1
8

Class 18
Opener 4/5-6/16
You have 10 minutes to
complete.
1. What makes AUG a
unique codons?
2. What is the chart on the
right called?
3. Explain the process of
protein synthesis in
detail. Use the following
terms in your
explanation:
Image A
a.Transcriptio
n
b.Translation
c. Codon
d.Clover-like
e. mRNA
f. tRNA
g.DNA

Class 18
Opener 4/5-6/16
complete.
1. What makes AUG a
unique codons?
The AUG codon is unique
because it is a start
message.
1. What is the chart on the
right called?
The chart is called a
circular codon to amino
acid chart. It is also
referenced as a wheel.
Image A

Class 18
Opener 4/5-6/16
complete.
1. Explain the process of
protein synthesis in
detail. Use the following
terms in your
explanation:
Image A
a.Transcriptio
n
b.Translation
c. Codon
d.Clover-like
e. mRNA
f. tRNA
g.DNA
Protein synthesis is a two
part process of
transcription and
translation. Transcription
is when mRNA copies
DNA with complementary
bases forming a single
strand which travels out
of the nucleus into the
cytoplasm where it joins
with a ribosome.
At the ribosome tRNA
brings a clover-like
structure to the ribosome
which matches the
mRNA’s codon. Attached
to the clover-like

Agenda Targets
Class 18 • 4/5-6/16
• Opener
• Finish Say It with DNA
1. Check your message
code from Stratt
2. Write your own DNA 5-
word message code on
3x5 card
A.One side DNA code
B.Other side answer, your
name, period
3.Turn into your plastic
file
• Understand the types of
mutations.
• 3 ways DNA can be
altered.
• Know the 5 possible results
of mutations to DNA.
50 pt. Test April 13/14
All late and/or revised
work due Thursday,
April 7

Class
4 / 7 - 8 / 1 6
DNA, RNA, Protein
Synthesis & Mutations 1
9

Opener 4/7-8/16
1. List 3 differences
between DNA &
RNA?
made out of?
3. How would “happy
face” translate into
DNA?
4. Where do amino
acids get joined
together in a cell
Image A

Opener 47-8/16
1. List 3 differences
between DNA &
RNA?
a.Deoxyribose vs.
Ribose sugar
b.Double vs. single
strand
c.Thymine vs. Uracil
made out of?
• Amino acids which
are made from
DNA’s code.
Image A

Opener 47-8/16
3. How would “happy
face” translate into
DNA?
CAC GCG CCC CCU
UAU UGA UUU GCU
UGC GAG
GTG CGC GGG GGA
ATA ACT TTT CGA
TCG CTC
4. Where do amino acids
get joined together in a
cell (include organelle
name)?
• At the ribosome.
Image A

Agenda Targets
Class 19 • 4/7-8/16
• Opener • 10 min.
• Turn in worksheet & cards
• Mutations Worksheet
• Get sections checked &
signed off
• Turn in today
• Review before 50 pt. unit
test next week (4/13-14)
• DNA & RNA
• Differences, similarities,
purpose of each
• Transcription
• Translation
• Mutations
• Types & causes
• Understand the types of mutations.
• Know 3 ways DNA can be altered.
• Know the 5 possible results of
mutations to DNA.
• Review protein synthesis and begin
preparing for unit test.
• Be able to explain replication,
translation & transcription.
• Know the difference between DNA,
mRNA and tRNA.
• Be able to explain the process of
protein synthesis.
• Know what a codon is and it’s role in
creation of proteins.
• Understand the role of amino acids in
the production of proteins.

• Think about how hard it
was to keep the bases
(letters) in correct order
as you decoded DNA to
amino acids.
• Now consider how
many bonds keep/hold
DNA strands in order
(backbone/uprights).
• Remember there are
thousands of base
pairs in a DNA
sequence
Mutations

Mutations
• Errors in the DNA sequence.
• A permanent change in the DNA of an
organism.
• Usually not visible or have an effect on
the organism.
• May be detrimental, neutral
or beneficial.
• Sometimes result dramatic changes.
• Errors which occur in "junk" (does not
code and is considered nonsense) DNA

Mutations
• Three ways DNA can be altered when
a mutation (change in DNA sequence)
occurs.
• Five possible results
• Today’s worksheet will show you how
these occur.

ways altered
1. Point Mutation or Substitution — mutation causing
replacement of a single base nucleotide with another
nucleotide of the genetic material, DNA or RNA. In other
words, one base-pair is replace by another.
A.If a substitution changes the amino acid, it’s called
a MISSENSE mutation.
B.If a substitution does not change the amino acid, it’s
called a SILENT mutation.
C.If a substitution changes the amino acid to a “stop,” it’s
called a NONSENSE mutation.
D.G - C or A - G CGTC
2. Insertion — one or more base pairs is added to a
sequence.
A.DNA: CGA TGG → CGA ATG G
B.mRNA: GCT ACC  GCT TAC C
3.Deletion — one or more base pairs is lost from a sequence
A.DNA: CGA TGG → CAT GG

Results
1.Silent mutations — When a base pair is substituted but
the change still codes for the same amino acid in the
sequence.
• TCT and TCC both code for the same amino acid,
Serine
2.Substitution — When a base is substituted and the new
codon codes for a different amino acid.
• TCT codes for Serine and CCT codes for Proline
3.Premature Stop — When a substitution results in the
formation of a STOP codon before all of the codons have
been read and translated by the ribosome.
A.DNA: GTG GTC CGA AAC ACC → GTG GTC TGA
AAC ACC
B.mRNA: GUG GUC CGA AAC ACC → GUG GUC UGA
AAC ACC
C.Val-Val-Pro-Asn-Thr → Val-Val-STOP

Results
4.Codon Deletion or Insertion — When a whole new amino
acid is added or one is missing from the mutant protein.
• DNA: GTG GTC CGA AAC ACC → GTG GTC TGC CGA AAC
ACC
• mRNA: GUG GUC CGA AAC ACC → GUG GUC UGC CGA
AAC ACC
• Val-Val-Pro-Ans-Thr → Val-Val-Cys-Pro-Asn-Thr
5.Frame Shift — When a deletion or insertion results in a
different base pair being the beginning of the next codon,
shifting it over, changing the whole sequence of amino acids.
Meaning the reading “frame” changes, changing the amino
acid sequence.
• DNA: GTG GTC CGA AAC ACC → GTG GTC GAA ACA CC
• mRNA: GUG GUC CGA AAC ACC → GUG GUC CUU UGU

Class
4 / 11 - 1 2 / 1 6
DNA, RNA, Protein
Synthesis & Mutations 2
0

Opener 4/11-12/16
1. You have 26 base
pairs of DNA. How
many do you have of
…
A. nucleotides?
B. codons?
C.amino acids?
2. What part of protein
synthesis occurs at a
ribosome? (use science
term)
3. How does DNA
duplicate itself? (use
science terms)
4. What are the five
Image A

Opener 4/11-12/16
1. You have 27 base
pairs of DNA. How
many do you have of
…
A. nucleotides?
27 per strand
B. codons?
9 per strand
C.amino acids?
9 per strand
2. What part of protein
synthesis occurs at a
ribosome? (use science
term)
Translations is the part of
protein synthesis occurring
Image A

Opener 4/11-12/16
3.How does DNA duplicate itself?
(use science terms)
Through the process of
replication DNA a double helix
is unwound and each strand
acts as a template for the next
strand. Free floating DNA
nucleotides match with
complementary bases in the
now unzipped strands creating
two double helixes from one.
Replication is the process of
producing two identical
replicas from one
original DNA molecule.
Image A

Opener 4/11-12/16
4. What are the five
possible results of
mutations?
• Silent mutations
• Substitution
• Premature Stop
• Codon Deletion or
Insertion
• Frame Shift
Image A

Agenda Targets
Class 19 • 4/7-8/16
• Opener • 10 min.
• Turn in Mutations
Worksheet
• Review for 50 pt. unit
test next class (4/13-14)
• DNA & RNA
• Differences, similarities,
purpose of each
• Transcription
• Translation
• Mutations
• Types & causes
• Understand the types of mutations.
• Know 3 ways DNA can be altered.
• Know the 5 possible results of
mutations to DNA.
• Review protein synthesis and begin
preparing for unit test.
• Be able to explain replication,
translation & transcription.
• Know the difference between DNA,
mRNA and tRNA.
• Be able to explain the process of
protein synthesis.
• Know what a codon is and it’s role in
creation of proteins.
• Understand the role of amino acids in
the production of proteins.

Not updated after this slide

Semester 2 2016 agenda openers for posting

Recomendados

Recomendados

Mais conteúdo relacionado

Mais procurados

Mais procurados (20)

Destaque

Destaque (20)

Semelhante a Semester 2 2016 agenda openers for posting

Semelhante a Semester 2 2016 agenda openers for posting (20)

Mais de Lorraine Stratton

Mais de Lorraine Stratton (18)

Último

Último (20)

Semester 2 2016 agenda openers for posting