The document discusses the potential of mobile phones and mobile applications like MXit to support education in Africa. It notes that mobile phone ownership in South Africa is much higher than computer ownership. While MXit was often criticized in newspapers for exposing children to risks, studies found it was being scapegoated and that bans were not the solution. The document outlines several examples of how mobile applications are being used for tutoring, games, quizzes, peer support, and information dissemination to enhance teaching and learning in innovative ways. It calls for engaging with mobile technologies' opportunities rather than banning them and preconceptions.
27. dr.math: What grade are you in? what are you covering in math? Spark plug: 7 dr.math: grade 7? Spark plug: yes dr.math: Are you doing "pre algebra" stuff like What is the value of X if x + 3 = 10? Spark plug: yes dr.math: Ok, so what is the value of x if x + 3 = 10? Spark plug: 7 dr.math: Ok. how about (15 x 2 ) + x = 35 Spark plug: 5 dr.math: (I am going to use * for multiply so not to confuse it with x, ok?) Spark plug: ok dr.math: (2 * x) + 8 = 18 Spark plug: 5 dr.math: Very good. can you explain to me how you figured that out? Spark plug: 18 - 8 is 10 so 2* what is 10 and the answer is 5 dr.math: Excellent.
63. mLearning Africa News, projects and research about mobile learning in Africa www.mlearningafrica.net Contact: [email_address]
Notas do Editor
Good morning ladies and gentlemen. Thank you very much for the invitation to speak to you. I want to be provocative today, to hear your ideas about cellphones ... and challenge them. Please be honest, critical, but above all, open-minded.
First ... Take out your cellphone Switch it on Switch off the sound
Source: Merryl Ford, Meraka, Presentation given at SAFIPA Conference, Pretoria, 8-10 July 2009
Source: Young South AfricAnS, BroAdcASt MediA, And hiV/AidS AwAreneSS: Results of a NatioNal suRvey by the Kaiser Family Foundation & SABC (MaRch 2007). http://www.kff.org/southafrica/7614.cfm
Young South AfricAnS, BroAdcASt MediA, And hiV/AidS AwAreneSS: Results of a NatioNal suRvey by the Kaiser Family Foundation & SABC (MaRch 2007). http://www.kff.org/southafrica/7614.cfm Image: http://www.flickr.com/photos/whiteafrican/2735722117/sizes/m/ (CC)
Quote taken from Merryl Ford's presentation “ Dr Math – A mobile tutoring platform for Africa?” at the SAFIPA conference, Pretoria, 8-10 June 2009
It's mobile Online access: 1bn (source: http://news.cnet.com/8301-1023_3-10149534-93.html ) Mobile access: 4bn (source: http://www.thetelecom.co.uk/20081001/un-4bn-mobile-users-by-2009/ ) Image of mobile phone by ICT4D.at http://www.flickr.com/photos/ict4d/3000017623/sizes/l/ CC-BY-SA-2.0
I'm not paid to speak about MXit. I don't like everything about it, or some of the ways in which it is used. But it is very popular ... and a very powerful tool (as we'll see) ... so it is a useful topic to start the conversation about cellphones, young people and education. So, how many of you are on MXit? How many have seen MXit? How many ban MXit? How many ban cellphones at schools?
Chigona, W., & Chigona, A. (2008). MXit Up in The Media: Media Discourse Analysis on a Mobile Instant Messanging System. The Southern African Journal of Information and Communication, issue 9. Available at: http://www.sajic.org.za/index.php/SAJIC/article/view/193/123 Conducted media discourse analysis on MXit: 24 newspaper articles: 2006 – 2008 Obtained from newspaper portals – Sunday Times, Mail and Guardian, www.iol.co.za Searched using keyword “MXit”
9/11: A real evil of the 21 st century. Source:Slagheap http://www.flickr.com/photos/slagheap/132105494/sizes/l/ CC-BY-SA-2.0
Burning village painting at encampment for Darfur - a real evil of the 21 st century. Source: FutureAtlas.com http://www.flickr.com/photos/87913776@N00/3027044247/sizes/l/ CC-BY-2.0
Source: Namibia: Substance Abuse a Growing Concern, New Era newspaper, 14 July, 2009, Catherine Sasman. Available at: http://www.newera.com.na/article.php?articleid=5474
Image: http://www.flickr.com/photos/coda/161946841/sizes/l/ , CC
Symptoms of moral panic: Media sensationalisation of stories Politicians join band wagon (e.g. Leader of ID) Call for legislation to control
Let's look at 6 educational projects where cellphones are being used for “good”
This is conversation between a university tutor and grade 7 learner, happening via mobile instant messaging. See: http://innovatingeducation.wordpress.com/conference-notes/schools-ict-conference-2008-notes/ Text for the image: Butgereit, L. (2007). Math on MXit: Using MXit as a Medium for Mathematics Education. Presented at Meraka INNOVATE Conference for Educators, CSIR, Pretoria, 18-20 April 2007. http://researchspace.csir.co.za/dspace/handle/10204/1614
The first MXit competition: When a learner enters the competition, she sees the current TopScore Learner would be given 10 calculations If the learner bettered or tied the existing TopScore, then this learner would become the new TopScore The deposed TopScore is sent a message saying that he or she was deposed and was invited back to defend the title Source: Merryl Ford's presentation “ Dr Math – A mobile tutoring platform for Africa?” at the SAFIPA conference, Pretoria, 8-10 June 2009
Text Adventure Games Participant works through a maze of puzzles Instead of magic wands and keys, various calculations would be written on the wall, the dust, etc. The results of these calculations would open digital safes, digital keypads, and remote controls Source: Merryl Ford's presentation “ Dr Math – A mobile tutoring platform for Africa?” at the SAFIPA conference, Pretoria, 8-10 June 2009
Source: Merryl Ford's presentation “ Dr Math – A mobile tutoring platform for Africa?” at the SAFIPA conference, Pretoria, 8-10 June 2009
Some project stats: * Nokia 6300 phones used (entry level phone) * 43 mini videos (2-3 mins long) loaded onto phones (taken from existing Mindset digital content). Interesting finding: the girls wanted more videos. After watching 3 minute video they asked: “Where is more?” This counters the original assumption that only short mobile movies will retain user attention. * 3 “mobisode” (mobile episode) animations. * 2 games: o An overt maths problem solving game o An implicit business development simulation game * All curriculum aligned * Grade 10 girls: 20 got phones, 20 in control group who didn’t get phones * 6 month project Initial results of the project: * Exceptionally high usage of the games and video clips by the learners. * Problem solving is collaborative. When stuck with a problem, the kids asked each other and their siblings. * “Teacher in my pocket”. Refs: M4Girls and Innovating Education
Tip: Depending on the number of cellphones available, you can run class projects (1 phone per class), group projects (1 phone per class group) and inidividual projects (each learner has their own phone). When working in a group using a mobile phone, 3 people is the ideal number.
We know that teens need to read and write more. We know that kids are reading and writing through SMS and chat all the time. Can we guide them towards “good literature”?
Rin, 21, wrote a mobile phone novel, with 400,000 hardcover sales. Photo: The New York Times http://www.theage.com.au/news/world/mobile-phone-novels-ring-up-big-sales-but-critics-fear-forjapanese-literature/2008/01/22/1200764265347.html
RE Inclusion: Not everyone has a cellphone. Does every learner have a text book? For an interesting viewpoint on TXTSPK, read 2b or not 2b? by David Crystal: http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/2008/jul/05/saturdayreviewsfeatres.guardianreview He reminds us that using non-standard language is nothing new, e.g. wot and cos were introduced into the Oxford English Dictionary in 1829. TXTSPK forces people to write economically, inventively and playfully.
Don't ban ... engage, experiment. You might conclude: “I don't like everything about it, but I love certain parts of it!”