SlideShare uma empresa Scribd logo
1 de 11
Village Society
   Social Studies for 10th E.G.B.
     Teacher: Mauricio Torres




                                    S
“Let me step into your fire”



S Fire: the control of fire brought
  many changes:
  S Cooking
  S Signaling
  S Tool making
  S Lighting
Man´s Best Friend


          S Domestication: The
            process of changing plants
            or animals to make them
            more useful to humans.
            S They now “grew” cattle to
              obtain milk, work
              force, clothing and meat.
            S Dogs served as
              companions and guards.
            S Birds gave meat and
              eggs.
What you reap…


S Agriculture: once plants were also domesticated, people
  realized they could produce their own food.

S This development changed human society forever.
Family Ties


      S   Families were the basic unit of
          village society.

      S   Extended families included
          grandparents, aunts, uncles, cousins
          and their families.

      S   Village Chiefs were usually the
          male leader of the extended family.

      S   Council of Elders: It was a council
          formed by the village chiefs of
          different tribes.
Family Ties


                                            Council
                                           of Elders


                   Village                                           Village
                   Chiefs                                            Chiefs


      Extended                 Extended                 Extended                 Extended
      Families                 Families                 Families                 Families



Families    Families     Families    Families     Families    Families     Families    Families
Family Ties


S Family bonds were very
  important, and the loyalty
  that developed helped
  families and villagers work
  together.
  S Men farmed, hunted and
    raised livestock.
  S Women farmed, collected
    firewood, ground
    grain, carried water and
    cared for children.
Hocus-Pocus


      S Religion began to develop.
        S Many Africans believed that
          the spirits of their ancestors
          stayed nearby.
        S Animism: The belief that
          bodies of
          water, animals, trees and
          other natural objects have
          spirits.
Heavy Metal


S Around 500 BC, Africans found that they could heat certain kinds
  of rock to get a hard metal. This was IRON. Stronger than other
  metals, it was good for making tools that helped them in
  agriculture.
Assignment


S   1.- Write down a myth to explain any kind of natural phenomena.
    S   Do it in three paragraphs.
    S   Do your best effort to be as graphical as you can when you write.

S   2.- Be ready to perform it during our class picnic!
Bibliography


S Burstein, S. M., & Shek, R. (2012). World History
  (Teacher´s Edition) (1st Edition ed.). (H. McDougal, Ed.)
  Orlando, Florida, US.: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt
  Publishing Company.

S Images taken from Google.

Mais conteúdo relacionado

Destaque

Louk rov sgogoro
Louk rov sgogoroLouk rov sgogoro
Louk rov sgogoroLouk Chi
 
Bvn scotiabank
Bvn scotiabankBvn scotiabank
Bvn scotiabankgro77
 
Albert Introduction
Albert IntroductionAlbert Introduction
Albert IntroductionnoHold, Inc.
 
DeWalt Powerstation presentation
DeWalt Powerstation presentationDeWalt Powerstation presentation
DeWalt Powerstation presentationdoorman24u
 
Supporting Staff During Difficult Times
Supporting Staff During Difficult TimesSupporting Staff During Difficult Times
Supporting Staff During Difficult Timesglobe
 
Menestyjäksi Lapissa, Elinikäisen ohjauksen toimintamallin kehittäminen -hank...
Menestyjäksi Lapissa, Elinikäisen ohjauksen toimintamallin kehittäminen -hank...Menestyjäksi Lapissa, Elinikäisen ohjauksen toimintamallin kehittäminen -hank...
Menestyjäksi Lapissa, Elinikäisen ohjauksen toimintamallin kehittäminen -hank...Menestyjäksi Lapissa - hanke
 
2014 Investor Day
2014 Investor Day2014 Investor Day
2014 Investor DayCNOServices
 
Applying goodwin’s theory to enter shikari
Applying goodwin’s theory to enter shikariApplying goodwin’s theory to enter shikari
Applying goodwin’s theory to enter shikariJackTann93
 
المدخل إلى العهد الجديد (د. ق. فهيم عزيز)
المدخل إلى العهد الجديد (د. ق. فهيم عزيز)المدخل إلى العهد الجديد (د. ق. فهيم عزيز)
المدخل إلى العهد الجديد (د. ق. فهيم عزيز)Ibrahimia Church Ftriends
 
Orult Otletek Ejszakaja - Scoreshare
Orult Otletek Ejszakaja  - ScoreshareOrult Otletek Ejszakaja  - Scoreshare
Orult Otletek Ejszakaja - ScoreshareZoltán Váradi
 
географія антарктида
географія антарктидагеографія антарктида
географія антарктидаkateradmin87
 

Destaque (20)

Fcom and aca ppt
Fcom and aca pptFcom and aca ppt
Fcom and aca ppt
 
Louk rov sgogoro
Louk rov sgogoroLouk rov sgogoro
Louk rov sgogoro
 
Manual DJ Boos
Manual DJ BoosManual DJ Boos
Manual DJ Boos
 
лингвистический эксперимент
лингвистический экспериментлингвистический эксперимент
лингвистический эксперимент
 
Boaj gazar(1)
Boaj gazar(1)Boaj gazar(1)
Boaj gazar(1)
 
Miracle canna of gallilee
Miracle canna of gallileeMiracle canna of gallilee
Miracle canna of gallilee
 
Bvn scotiabank
Bvn scotiabankBvn scotiabank
Bvn scotiabank
 
Albert Introduction
Albert IntroductionAlbert Introduction
Albert Introduction
 
DeWalt Powerstation presentation
DeWalt Powerstation presentationDeWalt Powerstation presentation
DeWalt Powerstation presentation
 
Supporting Staff During Difficult Times
Supporting Staff During Difficult TimesSupporting Staff During Difficult Times
Supporting Staff During Difficult Times
 
Menestyjäksi Lapissa, Elinikäisen ohjauksen toimintamallin kehittäminen -hank...
Menestyjäksi Lapissa, Elinikäisen ohjauksen toimintamallin kehittäminen -hank...Menestyjäksi Lapissa, Elinikäisen ohjauksen toimintamallin kehittäminen -hank...
Menestyjäksi Lapissa, Elinikäisen ohjauksen toimintamallin kehittäminen -hank...
 
2014 Investor Day
2014 Investor Day2014 Investor Day
2014 Investor Day
 
Applying goodwin’s theory to enter shikari
Applying goodwin’s theory to enter shikariApplying goodwin’s theory to enter shikari
Applying goodwin’s theory to enter shikari
 
Healthyliving
HealthylivingHealthyliving
Healthyliving
 
10.1007_s40090-015-0039-7 (1)
10.1007_s40090-015-0039-7 (1)10.1007_s40090-015-0039-7 (1)
10.1007_s40090-015-0039-7 (1)
 
المدخل إلى العهد الجديد (د. ق. فهيم عزيز)
المدخل إلى العهد الجديد (د. ق. فهيم عزيز)المدخل إلى العهد الجديد (د. ق. فهيم عزيز)
المدخل إلى العهد الجديد (د. ق. فهيم عزيز)
 
Orult Otletek Ejszakaja - Scoreshare
Orult Otletek Ejszakaja  - ScoreshareOrult Otletek Ejszakaja  - Scoreshare
Orult Otletek Ejszakaja - Scoreshare
 
географія антарктида
географія антарктидагеографія антарктида
географія антарктида
 
Presentazione fortunati
Presentazione fortunatiPresentazione fortunati
Presentazione fortunati
 
Lpa11
Lpa11Lpa11
Lpa11
 

Semelhante a African Village Society

Saskatchewan's First People
Saskatchewan's First PeopleSaskatchewan's First People
Saskatchewan's First Peopleguest165654
 
Plains Native Americans
Plains Native AmericansPlains Native Americans
Plains Native AmericansJenny Murphy
 
North american cultures
North american culturesNorth american cultures
North american culturesMr. D D
 
Native power point2
Native power point2Native power point2
Native power point2MrsT56
 
Philippine History
Philippine HistoryPhilippine History
Philippine HistoryAnn Rone
 
Great Basin Native Americans
Great Basin Native AmericansGreat Basin Native Americans
Great Basin Native AmericansEmily Rodriquez
 
Isabel Ancient Greece
Isabel Ancient Greece Isabel Ancient Greece
Isabel Ancient Greece Ms Wilson
 
Native americnas
Native americnasNative americnas
Native americnasrluppo1982
 
Anasazi Ppaer Essay
Anasazi Ppaer EssayAnasazi Ppaer Essay
Anasazi Ppaer EssayHeidi Owens
 
Haudenosaunee tribe bella
Haudenosaunee tribe bellaHaudenosaunee tribe bella
Haudenosaunee tribe bellajessicabupp
 
Native americans of the woodlands cal
Native americans of the woodlands calNative americans of the woodlands cal
Native americans of the woodlands calkefiore
 
Woodland People
Woodland PeopleWoodland People
Woodland Peopleanna
 
Remembering the forgotten graves of ypsilanti’s native peoples
Remembering the forgotten graves of ypsilanti’s native peoplesRemembering the forgotten graves of ypsilanti’s native peoples
Remembering the forgotten graves of ypsilanti’s native peoplessabsalom
 
Native Americans Of Texas
Native  Americans  Of  TexasNative  Americans  Of  Texas
Native Americans Of Texasshannsankey
 

Semelhante a African Village Society (20)

Saskatchewan's First People
Saskatchewan's First PeopleSaskatchewan's First People
Saskatchewan's First People
 
Plains Native Americans
Plains Native AmericansPlains Native Americans
Plains Native Americans
 
North american cultures
North american culturesNorth american cultures
North american cultures
 
Native power point2
Native power point2Native power point2
Native power point2
 
1. sedentarism,nomadism metal age
1. sedentarism,nomadism   metal age1. sedentarism,nomadism   metal age
1. sedentarism,nomadism metal age
 
Philippine History
Philippine HistoryPhilippine History
Philippine History
 
Occupation of mudugar
Occupation of mudugarOccupation of mudugar
Occupation of mudugar
 
The nativepeoplesofcanada
The nativepeoplesofcanadaThe nativepeoplesofcanada
The nativepeoplesofcanada
 
Great Basin Native Americans
Great Basin Native AmericansGreat Basin Native Americans
Great Basin Native Americans
 
Siksika
SiksikaSiksika
Siksika
 
Isabel Ancient Greece
Isabel Ancient Greece Isabel Ancient Greece
Isabel Ancient Greece
 
Native americnas
Native americnasNative americnas
Native americnas
 
Anasazi Ppaer Essay
Anasazi Ppaer EssayAnasazi Ppaer Essay
Anasazi Ppaer Essay
 
Haudenosaunee tribe bella
Haudenosaunee tribe bellaHaudenosaunee tribe bella
Haudenosaunee tribe bella
 
Buffalo Hunt
Buffalo HuntBuffalo Hunt
Buffalo Hunt
 
Native americans of the woodlands cal
Native americans of the woodlands calNative americans of the woodlands cal
Native americans of the woodlands cal
 
Woodland People
Woodland PeopleWoodland People
Woodland People
 
Remembering the forgotten graves of ypsilanti’s native peoples
Remembering the forgotten graves of ypsilanti’s native peoplesRemembering the forgotten graves of ypsilanti’s native peoples
Remembering the forgotten graves of ypsilanti’s native peoples
 
Native Americans Of Texas
Native  Americans  Of  TexasNative  Americans  Of  Texas
Native Americans Of Texas
 
The fox tribe
The fox tribeThe fox tribe
The fox tribe
 

Mais de ssclasstorremar (20)

Journals 8 2-3
Journals 8 2-3Journals 8 2-3
Journals 8 2-3
 
Journals 9 2-3
Journals 9 2-3Journals 9 2-3
Journals 9 2-3
 
Journals 10 2-3
Journals 10 2-3Journals 10 2-3
Journals 10 2-3
 
Geneva II
Geneva IIGeneva II
Geneva II
 
Justinian
JustinianJustinian
Justinian
 
News Report review
News Report reviewNews Report review
News Report review
 
Early Greeks: Minoans & Mycenaeans
Early Greeks: Minoans & MycenaeansEarly Greeks: Minoans & Mycenaeans
Early Greeks: Minoans & Mycenaeans
 
Greek Geo
Greek GeoGreek Geo
Greek Geo
 
Roman Senate Debate
Roman Senate DebateRoman Senate Debate
Roman Senate Debate
 
Geneva II worksheet
Geneva II worksheetGeneva II worksheet
Geneva II worksheet
 
Age of Justinian
Age of JustinianAge of Justinian
Age of Justinian
 
Byzantium
ByzantiumByzantium
Byzantium
 
Greek Geography
Greek GeographyGreek Geography
Greek Geography
 
Buddha & Jesus
Buddha & JesusBuddha & Jesus
Buddha & Jesus
 
Eightfold Path
Eightfold PathEightfold Path
Eightfold Path
 
Corruption
CorruptionCorruption
Corruption
 
Rome Decline
Rome DeclineRome Decline
Rome Decline
 
Roman Heritage
Roman HeritageRoman Heritage
Roman Heritage
 
Bread and Circus
Bread and CircusBread and Circus
Bread and Circus
 
Eightfold Path
Eightfold PathEightfold Path
Eightfold Path
 

Último

2k Shots ≽ 9205541914 ≼ Call Girls In Palam (Delhi)
2k Shots ≽ 9205541914 ≼ Call Girls In Palam (Delhi)2k Shots ≽ 9205541914 ≼ Call Girls In Palam (Delhi)
2k Shots ≽ 9205541914 ≼ Call Girls In Palam (Delhi)Delhi Call girls
 
2k Shots ≽ 9205541914 ≼ Call Girls In Mukherjee Nagar (Delhi)
2k Shots ≽ 9205541914 ≼ Call Girls In Mukherjee Nagar (Delhi)2k Shots ≽ 9205541914 ≼ Call Girls In Mukherjee Nagar (Delhi)
2k Shots ≽ 9205541914 ≼ Call Girls In Mukherjee Nagar (Delhi)Delhi Call girls
 
Pokemon Go... Unraveling the Conspiracy Theory
Pokemon Go... Unraveling the Conspiracy TheoryPokemon Go... Unraveling the Conspiracy Theory
Pokemon Go... Unraveling the Conspiracy Theorydrae5
 
2k Shots ≽ 9205541914 ≼ Call Girls In Dashrath Puri (Delhi)
2k Shots ≽ 9205541914 ≼ Call Girls In Dashrath Puri (Delhi)2k Shots ≽ 9205541914 ≼ Call Girls In Dashrath Puri (Delhi)
2k Shots ≽ 9205541914 ≼ Call Girls In Dashrath Puri (Delhi)Delhi Call girls
 
2k Shots ≽ 9205541914 ≼ Call Girls In Jasola (Delhi)
2k Shots ≽ 9205541914 ≼ Call Girls In Jasola (Delhi)2k Shots ≽ 9205541914 ≼ Call Girls In Jasola (Delhi)
2k Shots ≽ 9205541914 ≼ Call Girls In Jasola (Delhi)Delhi Call girls
 
call Now 9811711561 Cash Payment乂 Call Girls in Dwarka Mor
call Now 9811711561 Cash Payment乂 Call Girls in Dwarka Morcall Now 9811711561 Cash Payment乂 Call Girls in Dwarka Mor
call Now 9811711561 Cash Payment乂 Call Girls in Dwarka Morvikas rana
 
8377087607 Full Enjoy @24/7-CLEAN-Call Girls In Chhatarpur,
8377087607 Full Enjoy @24/7-CLEAN-Call Girls In Chhatarpur,8377087607 Full Enjoy @24/7-CLEAN-Call Girls In Chhatarpur,
8377087607 Full Enjoy @24/7-CLEAN-Call Girls In Chhatarpur,dollysharma2066
 
9892124323, Call Girls in mumbai, Vashi Call Girls , Kurla Call girls
9892124323, Call Girls in mumbai, Vashi Call Girls , Kurla Call girls9892124323, Call Girls in mumbai, Vashi Call Girls , Kurla Call girls
9892124323, Call Girls in mumbai, Vashi Call Girls , Kurla Call girlsPooja Nehwal
 
$ Love Spells^ 💎 (310) 882-6330 in West Virginia, WV | Psychic Reading Best B...
$ Love Spells^ 💎 (310) 882-6330 in West Virginia, WV | Psychic Reading Best B...$ Love Spells^ 💎 (310) 882-6330 in West Virginia, WV | Psychic Reading Best B...
$ Love Spells^ 💎 (310) 882-6330 in West Virginia, WV | Psychic Reading Best B...PsychicRuben LoveSpells
 
WOMEN EMPOWERMENT women empowerment.pptx
WOMEN EMPOWERMENT women empowerment.pptxWOMEN EMPOWERMENT women empowerment.pptx
WOMEN EMPOWERMENT women empowerment.pptxpadhand000
 
LC_YouSaidYes_NewBelieverBookletDone.pdf
LC_YouSaidYes_NewBelieverBookletDone.pdfLC_YouSaidYes_NewBelieverBookletDone.pdf
LC_YouSaidYes_NewBelieverBookletDone.pdfpastor83
 
Top Rated Pune Call Girls Tingre Nagar ⟟ 6297143586 ⟟ Call Me For Genuine Se...
Top Rated  Pune Call Girls Tingre Nagar ⟟ 6297143586 ⟟ Call Me For Genuine Se...Top Rated  Pune Call Girls Tingre Nagar ⟟ 6297143586 ⟟ Call Me For Genuine Se...
Top Rated Pune Call Girls Tingre Nagar ⟟ 6297143586 ⟟ Call Me For Genuine Se...Call Girls in Nagpur High Profile
 
The Selfspace Journal Preview by Mindbrush
The Selfspace Journal Preview by MindbrushThe Selfspace Journal Preview by Mindbrush
The Selfspace Journal Preview by MindbrushShivain97
 

Último (15)

2k Shots ≽ 9205541914 ≼ Call Girls In Palam (Delhi)
2k Shots ≽ 9205541914 ≼ Call Girls In Palam (Delhi)2k Shots ≽ 9205541914 ≼ Call Girls In Palam (Delhi)
2k Shots ≽ 9205541914 ≼ Call Girls In Palam (Delhi)
 
2k Shots ≽ 9205541914 ≼ Call Girls In Mukherjee Nagar (Delhi)
2k Shots ≽ 9205541914 ≼ Call Girls In Mukherjee Nagar (Delhi)2k Shots ≽ 9205541914 ≼ Call Girls In Mukherjee Nagar (Delhi)
2k Shots ≽ 9205541914 ≼ Call Girls In Mukherjee Nagar (Delhi)
 
Pokemon Go... Unraveling the Conspiracy Theory
Pokemon Go... Unraveling the Conspiracy TheoryPokemon Go... Unraveling the Conspiracy Theory
Pokemon Go... Unraveling the Conspiracy Theory
 
(Anamika) VIP Call Girls Navi Mumbai Call Now 8250077686 Navi Mumbai Escorts ...
(Anamika) VIP Call Girls Navi Mumbai Call Now 8250077686 Navi Mumbai Escorts ...(Anamika) VIP Call Girls Navi Mumbai Call Now 8250077686 Navi Mumbai Escorts ...
(Anamika) VIP Call Girls Navi Mumbai Call Now 8250077686 Navi Mumbai Escorts ...
 
2k Shots ≽ 9205541914 ≼ Call Girls In Dashrath Puri (Delhi)
2k Shots ≽ 9205541914 ≼ Call Girls In Dashrath Puri (Delhi)2k Shots ≽ 9205541914 ≼ Call Girls In Dashrath Puri (Delhi)
2k Shots ≽ 9205541914 ≼ Call Girls In Dashrath Puri (Delhi)
 
(Aarini) Russian Call Girls Surat Call Now 8250077686 Surat Escorts 24x7
(Aarini) Russian Call Girls Surat Call Now 8250077686 Surat Escorts 24x7(Aarini) Russian Call Girls Surat Call Now 8250077686 Surat Escorts 24x7
(Aarini) Russian Call Girls Surat Call Now 8250077686 Surat Escorts 24x7
 
2k Shots ≽ 9205541914 ≼ Call Girls In Jasola (Delhi)
2k Shots ≽ 9205541914 ≼ Call Girls In Jasola (Delhi)2k Shots ≽ 9205541914 ≼ Call Girls In Jasola (Delhi)
2k Shots ≽ 9205541914 ≼ Call Girls In Jasola (Delhi)
 
call Now 9811711561 Cash Payment乂 Call Girls in Dwarka Mor
call Now 9811711561 Cash Payment乂 Call Girls in Dwarka Morcall Now 9811711561 Cash Payment乂 Call Girls in Dwarka Mor
call Now 9811711561 Cash Payment乂 Call Girls in Dwarka Mor
 
8377087607 Full Enjoy @24/7-CLEAN-Call Girls In Chhatarpur,
8377087607 Full Enjoy @24/7-CLEAN-Call Girls In Chhatarpur,8377087607 Full Enjoy @24/7-CLEAN-Call Girls In Chhatarpur,
8377087607 Full Enjoy @24/7-CLEAN-Call Girls In Chhatarpur,
 
9892124323, Call Girls in mumbai, Vashi Call Girls , Kurla Call girls
9892124323, Call Girls in mumbai, Vashi Call Girls , Kurla Call girls9892124323, Call Girls in mumbai, Vashi Call Girls , Kurla Call girls
9892124323, Call Girls in mumbai, Vashi Call Girls , Kurla Call girls
 
$ Love Spells^ 💎 (310) 882-6330 in West Virginia, WV | Psychic Reading Best B...
$ Love Spells^ 💎 (310) 882-6330 in West Virginia, WV | Psychic Reading Best B...$ Love Spells^ 💎 (310) 882-6330 in West Virginia, WV | Psychic Reading Best B...
$ Love Spells^ 💎 (310) 882-6330 in West Virginia, WV | Psychic Reading Best B...
 
WOMEN EMPOWERMENT women empowerment.pptx
WOMEN EMPOWERMENT women empowerment.pptxWOMEN EMPOWERMENT women empowerment.pptx
WOMEN EMPOWERMENT women empowerment.pptx
 
LC_YouSaidYes_NewBelieverBookletDone.pdf
LC_YouSaidYes_NewBelieverBookletDone.pdfLC_YouSaidYes_NewBelieverBookletDone.pdf
LC_YouSaidYes_NewBelieverBookletDone.pdf
 
Top Rated Pune Call Girls Tingre Nagar ⟟ 6297143586 ⟟ Call Me For Genuine Se...
Top Rated  Pune Call Girls Tingre Nagar ⟟ 6297143586 ⟟ Call Me For Genuine Se...Top Rated  Pune Call Girls Tingre Nagar ⟟ 6297143586 ⟟ Call Me For Genuine Se...
Top Rated Pune Call Girls Tingre Nagar ⟟ 6297143586 ⟟ Call Me For Genuine Se...
 
The Selfspace Journal Preview by Mindbrush
The Selfspace Journal Preview by MindbrushThe Selfspace Journal Preview by Mindbrush
The Selfspace Journal Preview by Mindbrush
 

African Village Society

  • 1. Village Society Social Studies for 10th E.G.B. Teacher: Mauricio Torres S
  • 2. “Let me step into your fire” S Fire: the control of fire brought many changes: S Cooking S Signaling S Tool making S Lighting
  • 3. Man´s Best Friend S Domestication: The process of changing plants or animals to make them more useful to humans. S They now “grew” cattle to obtain milk, work force, clothing and meat. S Dogs served as companions and guards. S Birds gave meat and eggs.
  • 4. What you reap… S Agriculture: once plants were also domesticated, people realized they could produce their own food. S This development changed human society forever.
  • 5. Family Ties S Families were the basic unit of village society. S Extended families included grandparents, aunts, uncles, cousins and their families. S Village Chiefs were usually the male leader of the extended family. S Council of Elders: It was a council formed by the village chiefs of different tribes.
  • 6. Family Ties Council of Elders Village Village Chiefs Chiefs Extended Extended Extended Extended Families Families Families Families Families Families Families Families Families Families Families Families
  • 7. Family Ties S Family bonds were very important, and the loyalty that developed helped families and villagers work together. S Men farmed, hunted and raised livestock. S Women farmed, collected firewood, ground grain, carried water and cared for children.
  • 8. Hocus-Pocus S Religion began to develop. S Many Africans believed that the spirits of their ancestors stayed nearby. S Animism: The belief that bodies of water, animals, trees and other natural objects have spirits.
  • 9. Heavy Metal S Around 500 BC, Africans found that they could heat certain kinds of rock to get a hard metal. This was IRON. Stronger than other metals, it was good for making tools that helped them in agriculture.
  • 10. Assignment S 1.- Write down a myth to explain any kind of natural phenomena. S Do it in three paragraphs. S Do your best effort to be as graphical as you can when you write. S 2.- Be ready to perform it during our class picnic!
  • 11. Bibliography S Burstein, S. M., & Shek, R. (2012). World History (Teacher´s Edition) (1st Edition ed.). (H. McDougal, Ed.) Orlando, Florida, US.: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. S Images taken from Google.