Cancer is a major global health problem, with an estimated 9 million new cases and 4.5 million deaths per year worldwide. In India, there are about 7 lakh new cancer cases and 3.5 lakh deaths annually. The document discusses the prevalence of cancer in Andhra Pradesh and Khammam district, noting that cancer is the most common disease treated under the Arogya Sri health scheme in Khammam. It provides information on what cancer is, how it spreads in the body, common causes like tobacco and alcohol, symptoms, stages, treatment options including surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy, and approaches to control cancer through prevention, early detection, diagnosis and treatment, and palliative care. The key message
2. WHY SHOULD WE KNOW ABOUT CANCER?
• It is estimated that
The estimated number
about 9 million new
cancer
cases
are
diagnosed every year
and over 4.5 million
people die from cancer
each year in the world.
of new cancers in
India per year is about
7 lakhs and over 3.5
lakhs people die of
cancer each year.
3. PREVALENCE IN A.P
According to Dr. T. Mandapal,
the director of the MNJ
Cancer Institute, Hyderabad,
presently Andhra Pradesh
has between 2.5 and 3 lakh
cancer patients and 150-200
new cases are diagnosed every
day.
4. PREVALENCE IN OUR DISTRICT
STATISTICS OF TREATMENT TAKEN FOR
VARIOUS DISEASES IN KHAMMAM
DISTRICT UNDER AROGYA SRI TRUST
BETWEEN 2008-2012
CANCER
10691
HEART PROBLEMS
KIDNEY PROBLEMS
As per the report published on
25th August in the district edition
of Eenadu newspaper, cancer is
the most prevalent disease
(32.66%) for which patients have
been treated under Arogya Sri
scheme.
6136
6056
ACCIDENTAL INJURIES
5116
COMMON DISEASES
2540
BRAIN, NERVES
2196
5. IS CANCER 100% CURABLE???????
YES…….…IF DETECTED EARLY!!!!
Early detection of cancer is
very important because at the
time when cancer start
developing in human body,
in most of the cancer cases
depending on the type of
cancer it doesn’t show any
early symptoms like Jaundice,
Malaria, etc..
And also if cancer is
detected and treated at the
early stage then it is 100%
curable.
6. WHAT IS CANCER?
Cancer is a disease caused by
an uncontrolled division of
abnormal cells in a part of the
body.
The cancer cells keep on
growing and making new
cells. They crowd out normal
cells.
A malignant growth or tumor
resulting from such a division
of cells causes problems in the
part of the body where the
cancer started.
7. WHY IS CRAB (
)THE SYMBOL OF CANCER?
“Cancer” is the Latin word for
Similarly cancer spreads
crab.
from the place at which it
In its natural habitat, a crab is
first arose as a primary
a fast, resilient decapod
tumor to distant locations
crustacean that springs to
in the body.
action and moves in multiple
directions.
8. HOW DOES IT SPREAD IN OUR BODY?
•The cells within malignant
tumors have the ability to invade
neighboring tissues and organs,
thus spreading the disease.
•It is also possible for cancerous
cells to break free from the tumor
site and enter the bloodstream,
spreading the disease to other
organs.
•This process of spreading is
called metastasis.
9. STAGES OF CANCER
Stage 0 : Carcinoma in situ
Stage I : Cancers are localized to one part of the body.
Stage II : Cancers are locally advanced.
Stage III : Cancers are also locally advanced. The specific
criteria for Stages II and III differ according to diagnosis.
Stage IV : Cancers have often metastasized, or spread to
other organs or throughout the body.
10. STAGES OF CANCER (colon)
Stage 0: Very early cancer on the innermost
layer of the intestine
Stage I: Cancer is in the inner layers of the
colon
Stage II: Cancer has spread through the
muscle wall of the colon
Stage III: Cancer has spread to the lymph nodes
Stage IV: Cancer that has spread to other organs
11. WHICH PARTS OF THE BODY ARE AFFECTED BY
CANCER?
Almost all the major parts of our body may be affected by
cancer.
17. SYMPTOMS OF CANCER
‽A lump or hard area in the breast
‽A change in a wart or mole
‽A persistent cough or hoarseness
‽A persistent change in digestive
and bowel habits
18. SYMPTOMS OF CANCER
‽Unexplained loss of weight
‽A wound that has not healed for a
long time
‽Blood loss from any natural orifice
‽ Abnormal menstrual periods
19. WHICH TREATMENT IS BEST FOR
CANCER???
When initially diagnosed with cancer, a cancer specialist
(called an oncologist) will provide the patient with
cancer treatment options.
He or she will recommend the best treatment plan based
on the type of cancer, how far it has spread, and other
important factors like age and general health.
Ultimately, it is the patient who makes the treatment
decisions based on doctor's recommendations, possible
second opinions, and other information gathered from
qualified professionals.
20. TREATMENT OF CANCER
There are four standard methods:
surgery,
chemotherapy,
radiation therapy, and
immunotherapy/biologic therapy.
21. APPROACHES TO CONTROL CANCER
There are four principal
approaches to cancer
control:
1. Prevention
2. Early Detection
3. Diagnosis and Treatment
4. Palliative Care
23. EARLY DETECTION
Early detection of cancer greatly
increases the chances for successful
treatment.
There are two major components of
early detection of cancer:
education to promote early diagnosis
screening.
24. PROPER DIAGNOSIS
Recognizing possible warning signs
of cancer and taking prompt action
leads to early diagnosis.
Early diagnosis is particularly
relevant for cancers of the breast,
cervix, mouth, larynx, colon and
rectum, and skin.
Screening is the presumptive
identification of
unrecognized
disease or defects by means of tests,
examinations, or other procedures
that can be applied rapidly.
25. GOOD TREATMENT
Take good treatment as per the
oncologists advice.
We can use Arogyasri and white
ration cards for availing free
treatment.
Train tickets are also issued free
for the patient and at
concessional rates for the
attendant.
26. PALLIATIVE CARE
This is the care and support
given to improve the quality
of life of patients.
Psychological, social, and
spiritual problems are
taken care of.
Palliative care is given
throughout
a
patient’s
experience with cancer. It
should begin at diagnosis
and
continue
through
treatment, follow-up care,
and the end of life.
27. SPREAD AWARENESS
Know cancer better.
Work as a volunteer.
Tell friends and other
people about cancer.
Conduct seminars,
workshops, walks etc.
Put up posters, banners.
28. SO JOIN US IN THE FIGHT….
LET US SPREAD AWARENESS!!!!
