chandigarh planning

1. CHANDIGARH
THE CITY BEAUTIFUL

2. INTODUCTION
Chandigarh was one of the early
planned cities in post independent
India and it is internationally
known for its architecture and
urban design with a population of
9,60,787(now).
GEOGRAPHIC FEATURES
▪ NORTH-EAST by Shivalik range
▪ SOUTH-EAST and NORTH-WEST by dry
river beds of Sukhna Choe and
Patiali Rao
▪ Slope direction – NE to SW (Direction
of growth of city)

3. EVOLUTION OF CHANDIGARH
First master plan
assigned to
Albert Mayer

4. PROS OF CHANDIGARH
▪ Mountainous region
▪ Central location
▪ Sufficient water supply
▪ Foothills of shivalik
▪ Moderate climate
▪ Natural drainage
▪ Flatter area
▪ 150 miles north of New Delhi
▪ Gentle sloping of agricultural
land

5. APPROACH FOR NEW CITY PLANNING
Albert Mayer proposed to organize an
integrated rural development program. Mayer
saw the benefits of increased agricultural
production.
•Fan-shaped plan
•Loosely curving system
•Located between 2 boundary
rivers
•Accommodating 1500 families in a
superblock
•Industrial area in southern
corner
•Curving network of main roads
•2 axial roads bordered by linear
parks

6. Criticism for Mayer’s plan
▪ Lacks monumental symbolism

7. Le-C0rbusier’s intervention
Le-Corbusier’s concept:
He conceived the master plan
of Chandigarh as analogous
to human body.
The concept of the city is
based on four major
functions: living, working,
care of the body and spirit
and circulation.

8. capital
complex
city centre
commercial
area
industrial
university
The metaphor of a human
being was being employed
in the plan –
• head(the capitol
complex, sector1)
• Heart(the city centre)
•Lungs (the leisure
valley,innumerab-
le open spaces
and sector green)
• The intellect(the
cultural and
educational
institutions)
•
• The circulation
systems(the
network of roads)
• The viscera (the
industrial area).

9. The plan incorporated Le
Corbusier’s principles of light,
space and greenery. What had
been named an “Urban Village” in
Mayer’s plan, Le Corbusier
renamed a “Sector”.
Planned with focus on
•urban design
•Architectural aesthetics
•preservation of natural
environment
•conservation of building and
open spaces
•hierarchical road network
He replaced the native Indian
town into superblocks.
Introduced GRID-IRON pattern

10. ORDER IN THE PLAN
Underlying concept of order is reflected in the entire plan and in its various
components, there is order in the hierarchy of its various uses and their
designated location:
▪ • Hierarchy of the circulation system,
▪ • Hierarchy of the commercial centre,
▪ • Hierarchy of the health facilities,
▪ • Hierarchy of the educational facilities,
▪ • Hierarchy of open spaces,
▪ • Hierarchy of living units,
▪ • Hierarchy in the infrastructural services,
▪ • Hierarchy in the extent and nature of architectural control.

11. City is planned into several sectors.
And each is surrounded by v3 roads.
And has internal roads , pedestrian
paths and cycle paths.

12. Roads and networks
v7 system
v-1 roads connecting chandigarh with other
cities
V1- Fast roads connecting Chandigarh to other
towns
V2- Arterial roads
V3- Fast vehicular roads around the sectors
V4- Meandering shopping streets
V5- Sector circulation roads
V6- Access roads to houses
V7- Footpaths, cycle tracks

13. Road network within the sector
V4
v7
V2 roads
V5 & V6
Rotary
V3

14. CAPITOL COMPLEX
• Chandigarh capitol complex
located in sector 1
• CAPITOL COMPLEX spread
over n area of 100 acres.
• Prime manifestation of
chandigarh architetcure.
• Le corbusier belief in
anthropometric
proportional connections
and links created in
capitol complex.
• Final form based on design
of great cross axis.

15. Architectural feature-
• SECRETARIAT-254M long AND 41
M high-rectangular plan
• PALACE OF JUSTICS-L shaped
plan(majesty of law,power of
law and fear of law. )
• ASSEMBLY HALL-square plan
• OPEN HAND MONUMENT-
12.5X9M(open to give and
open to recive)

16. • Sun breakers to eliminate direct sunlight.
• skylights
• Tower of shadows - experiment for sun shading.
• exposed concrete
• Main facade of palace of justice is oriented towrds north west so that it
does not recieve direct sunlight until late in day,during which the high
court is normally in session.
ARCHITECTURAL FEATURES

17. CITY CENTRE-sector 17
The central sector of the city, sector 17, is the
main public congregation area of the city.
It houses all major shopping complexes, sports
facilities and congregation spaces.
HEART OF CHANDIGARH ACTIVITES
The urban circulation here is in
sharp contrast to the ‘oriental’
bazaar streets, the narrow alleys
full of noise and plunged in
shadow.
public spaces like offices and
restaurants
recreational spaces like
grounds and pools

18. GH
FE
D
BA
c
It comprises of inter
state bus terminus,parade
ground,district courts
etc on one hand and vast
business and shopping
centre on the other
4-storey concrete
buildings- banks and
offices on top floors and
showrooms on ground floor
with wide pedestrain
paths.
A-INDUSTRIAL
DEVELOPMENT
B-BANK SQUARE
C-REGIONAL
COMPUTER CENTRE
D-HOTEL AND
RESTAURANT
E-CIVIL SUPPLIES
F,G-RESTAURANTS
H-STATIONARY MART

19. LEISURE VALLEY
A green space extending from NE to SW along a
seasonal river and was concieved as “lungs of the
city” by le corbusier.
Series of fitness trails
amphi theatre
scpaces for open air exhibition
Rock garden
garden of herbs and shrubs
shanthi kunj
botanical garden
GREEN BELT

20. CRITICISM
• Its stark and monotonous emptiness and over-scaled recreational and green
spaces is not reminiscent of a living, breathing organism, unlike what Le
Corbusier planned.
• Chandigarh was initially designed for a population of 500,000. But with
increasing population, traffic jams, pollution, Slums, squatters and filth are
no longer strangers to Chandigarh.
• The architectural controls create monotony in chandigarh, making it difficult
to differentiate one place from the other.
• Social equality was a major concern for Le Corbusier but northern sectors are
more privileged than the rest, with lesser densities, more infrastructure, and
better upkeep as they are the living places of the city’s elite. Thus, social
hierarchy is more evident in Chandigarh.
• Chandigarh had a green belt around the city for about 16 kms. But with the
development of nearby townships of Mohali and Panchkula, Chandigarh has to
support a daytime population more than what it was meant for.

21. • Economical division pulled out small scale street vendors, hawkers e.t.c
out of the central district.
• This led to the formation of separate little squatter settlement at
periphery.
• CLUSTER HOUSING, which is common context in India, is not satisfied by this
plan.
• Due to foreign context of planning maintenance of the city is little tough.
• Safe yet boring.
• Confusing streets.
• Lack of
street culture
excitement on indian cities
noise of lahore
intimacy of delhi