The document describes SQL queries on various tables like employees, students, customers, and orders. It includes queries to select, update, insert and delete records. Functions, procedures, and triggers are also created to perform various operations like finding maximum of numbers, converting temperatures, and logging changes to tables.

1. SQL QUERI ES
MD MUDASSI R K
 Create an employees table (empid, empname, jobname, salary, dateofjoin,
dateofbirth, commission ).
1. List unique job names.
select distinct jobname from emp2
2. Display the names who earn annual salary more than 1,00,000
select * from empm1 where salary >100000
3. Display employees who joined between 20-Feb-2010, and 1-May-2012
4. List last name and salary who earn in the range 5,000 and 12,000, and are in
department 20 or 50
select empname,salary from emp2 where salary between 100000 and
110000
5. Display the name and hire date who were born in 1995.
select empname,doj from emp2 where datepart(year,dob)=199

2. 6. Display the name, salary, and commission for all employees who earn
commissions. Sort data in descending order of salary and commissions.
SELECT salary, commision, empname
FROM emp2 where commision >0
order by commision desc
7. Display the name of all employees whose third letter contains is an ‘a’ in
their name.
select * from emp2 where empname like '__l%'
8. Create a function to display a given two digit number in words.
create function n2w(@n int )
returns varchar(10)
as
begin
declare @w varchar(20)
if(@n=0) set @w='zero'
if(@n=1) set @w='one'
if(@n=2) set @w='two'
if(@n=3) set @w='three'
if(@n=4) set @w='four'
if(@n=5) set @w='five'

3. if(@n=6) set @w='six'
if(@n=7) set @w='seven'
if(@n=8) set @w='eight'
if(@n=9) set @w='nine'
return @w
end
create function words(@n int) returns varchar(20)
as
begin
declare @w VARCHAR(20)
declare @x int
declare @y int
set @x=@n/10
set @y=@n/10
set @w=dbo.n2w(@x)+' '+dbo.n2w(@y)
return @w
end
select dbo.words(33)

4. 9. Create a user defined function to find the maximum of two numbers
create function maximum(@a int,@b int) returns int
as
begin
declare @c int
if(@a>@b)
set @c=@a
else
set @c=@b
return @c
end
select dbo.maximum(12,23)
10. Create a trigger to insert record in another table whenever a record is
inserted in employees table.
create trigger ash
on emp2
after insert
as
insert into emp2backup select* from inserted

5. select * from emp2backup
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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 Create an employees table (empid, empname, jobname, salary, dateofjoin,
dateofbirth, commission ).
1. Display all records. If commission is NULL then display zero.
select *, coalesce(commision,0)from emp2
2. Increase salary by 15% whose salary is below 10000.
SELECT *, salary+salary*15/100 from emp2 where salary<200000
3. Calculate the number of months between today and the date the employee
was joined.
select *,datediff (month, doj,getdate()) from emp2
4. Display the employees who earn less than the average salary.
select empname from emp2 where salary<(select avg(salary) from emp2)
5. Displays the difference between the highest and lowest salaries.
select max(salary)-min(salary) from emp2

6. 6. Display employees who have the same jobname as of Mr. Anil.
select empname from emp2
where jobname=(select jobname from emp2 where empname like 'aamir')
7. Create a trigger to store all deleted records in another table whenever a
record is deleted.
CREATE TRIGGER ass on studinfo
after delete
as
insert into deletedstudent select * from deleted
select* from studinfo
select * from deletedstudent
delete studinfo where studid=338
8. Create a procedure to output employee name for a given empid.
create procedure getnames @id int,@name varchar(12) output
as
select* from emp2 where empid=@id
declare @x varchar(40)
execute getname 111,@x output

7. print @x
9. Create a function to find the maximum of two given numbers.
create function maximum(@a int,@b int) returns int
as
begin
declare @c int
if(@a>@b)
set @c=@a
else
set @c=@b
return @c
end
select dbo.maximum(12,23)
10. Use any four string functions in a query.
select len('thufail')
select upper('thufail')
select lower('THUFAIL')
SELECT ascii('A')
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------

8. m3
Create a Students table (studid, name, dob, friendid, mark1, mark2, mark3, total,
average, city).
1. Add constraint to mark1,mark2 and mark3 to accept values from 0 to 100.
alter table studinfo add constraint c1
check (m1 between 0 and 100)
2. List the age of each student.
select * ,datediff(year,dob,getdate()) as age from studinfo
3. List the students whose name begins with vowel.
select * from studinfo where studname like '[aeiou]%'
4. Prefix all names with ‘Mr.’ if name doesnot begin with ‘Mr.’
select 'mr.'+studname from studinfo where studname not like 'Mr.'
5. List each student name and his friend name.
SELECT studinfo.studname, frnd.frndid, studinfo.friendid
FROM studinfo INNER JOIN
frnd ON studinfo.friendid = frnd.frndid

9. 6. Find out in how many different cities students have come from.
select count(*) city from studinfo group by city.
7. Compute Total and Average of each student.
update studinfo set total=(m1+m2+m3)
update studinfo set avrg=avg(total)
8. Add a field result and set it to PASS if each mark is >=40 else FAIL.
update studinfo set result=case
when total>=35 then 'pass'
when total<35 then 'fail'
end
from studinfo
9. Create a trigger that ensures that you never allows multiple records at once
from student table.
create trigger safe on studinfo
after insert
as
if(select count(*) from inserted)>1
rollback transaction
//test query is needed

10. 10. Create a function to find the product of two given numbers.
create function maximum(@a int,@b int) returns int
as
begin
declare @c int
if(@a>@b)
set @c=@a
else
set @c=@b
return @c
end
select dbo.maximum(12,23)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------
M4
Create a Students table (studid, name, dob, friendid, mark1, mark2, mark3, total,
average, city).
1. How many days, hours, minutes are left for 1st May 2013.

11. select datediff(day,getdate(),'2014/05/01')
2. List students who are in the age group of 20 to 25
select * ,datediff(year,dob,getdate()) as age from studinfo
where datediff(year,dob,getdate()) between 20 and 100
3. List the eldest and the youngest student.
select top 1 * from studinfo order by dob desc
select top 1 * from studinfo order by dob
4. Add a field Division and compute division as Distinction if total is 200-300,
First Class if total is 100-199 and
Second class if total is less than 100.
alter table studinfo add div varchar(50)
update studinfo set div=case
when total between 200 and 300 then 'first class'
when total between 100 and 199 then 'second class'
when total<100 then 'third class'
end
from studinfo

12. 5. List student name and his friend name.
SELECT frnd.fname, studinfo.studname
FROM studinfo INNER JOIN
frnd ON studinfo.friendid = frnd.frndid
6. List students who have no friends.
SELECT top 1 * ,frnd.fname, studinfo.studname
FROM studinfo INNER JOIN
frnd ON studinfo.friendid = frnd.frndid
7. List all students who are elder than student Peter
8. Write a function to convert the given temperature to either Centigrade or
Fahrenheit
CREATE function conver(@x int,@t varchar(50))
returns float
as begin
declare @temp float
if @t ='c'
set @temp=(@x-32)*5/9
else
set @temp=9*@x/5+32

13. return @temp
end
select dbo.conver(0,'f')
select dbo.conver(32,'c')
9. Create a trigger to display the old and new contents during an update
command.
create trigger display
on studinfo
after delete
as
select d.studname+'is chnaged to'+i.studname from
inserted i,deleted d
update studinfo set studname='rahul' where studid=111
10. Write a procedure to delete a record given an id.
create procedure getnames @id int,@n varchar(10) output
as

14. delete empname from emp2 where empid=@id
declare @name varchar(30)
exec getname 111,@name output
print @name
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------
M5
Create two tables.
customers (customerid, customername) and orders (orderid, orderdate,
orderamount, customerid)
1. Display Name, orderdate, orderamount of all customers.
SELECT customers.custname, orders.orderdate, orders.orderamount
FROM customers right JOIN
orders ON customers.custid = orders.custid
2. List customers who have not placed any orders.
select c.custid,custname,orderamount
from customers as c left join orders as o on c.custid=o.custid

15. where orderamount is null or orderamount=0
3. List the order amount placed by each customer
SELECT customers.custname, orders.orderamount
FROM customers INNER JOIN
orders ON customers.custid = orders.custid
4. Find the number of orders placed by each customer (in ascending order)
select custname,count(*) as 'num'
from customers join orders on customers.custid=orders.custid group by
custname
5. What is the highest and lowest order placed in the month of March.
select max(orderamount) 'high',min(orderamount)'low'
from orders
where datepart(month,orderdate)=3
6. Find the two customers who have placed least orders.
select top 2 custname,sum(orderamount) from customers join orders on
customers .custid=
orders.custid
group by custname

16. order by 2
7. Find the total order amount placed on each date.
select sum(orderamount)from orders group by orderdate
8. Create a trigger to display a print message whenever a table is created or
deleted
create trigger printtri on database
for create_table,drop_table
as
print 'table created/deleted'
create table temp(id int)
DROP TABLE TEMP
9. Write a function to find the order amount of a given ordered.
CREATE function ord(@d int) returns int
as
begin
declare @m int
select @m=orderid from orders
where orderid=@d

17. return @m
end
select dbo.ord(123)
10. Write a procedure to print multiplication table of a given number
create procedure mtable @n int
as
declare @i int
set @i=1
while(@i<=10)
begin
print str(@n)+'X'+str(@i)+'='+str(@i*@n)
set @i=@i+1
end
mtable 15
===================================================================
=====================
M6
Create two tables.

18. customers (customerid, customername) and orders (orderid, orderdate,
orderamount, customerid)
1. Find the Maximum, Minimum, Total, Average and number of orders of each
customer. Give proper heading.
select custname
,max(orderamount) 'MAX'
,min(orderamount) 'MIN'
, sum(orderamount) 'TOTAL'
,avg(orderamount) 'AVERAGE'
,count(orderamount) 'total no order'
from customers join orders on
customers.custid=orders.custid
group by custname
2. List 50% of orders with highest order amounts in the date order.
3. Copy the Customers table to newcustomers table with out any records.
select * into studnew from studinfo where 1=2
4. List the order amount placed by each customer on each day.

19. SELECT orders.orderamount, customers.custname, orders.orderdate
FROM customers INNER JOIN
orders ON customers.custid = orders.custid
5. Find the two customers who have placed highest orders.
select top 2 custname,sum(orderamount)
from customers join orders on customers.custid=orders.custid
group by custname
6. Which months have got the highest and the lowest orders?
select datepart(month,orderdate) from orders
where orderamount=(select max(orderamount) from orders)
union
select datepart(month,orderdate) from orders
where orderamount=(select min(orderamount) from orders)
7. Find number of orders and total order amount received in each month.
select count(orderid)'number of order' from orders
select sum(orderamount) from orders group by orderdate
8. Create a trigger that ensures that you never allow deletion of multiple
records at once.

20. create trigger thu on studinfo
after delete
as
delete from studinfo
9. Create a procedure to print the ascii table.
create procedure asciitab
as
declare @i int
set @i=0
while(@i<=255)
begin
print str(@i)+''+char(@i)
set @i=@i+1
end
asciitab
10. Create a simple trigger.
create trigger mytri
on emp2
after delete

21. as
print 'table altered'
drop emp2 where empid=1234
===================================================================
=====================
M7
Create the following four tables.
Location ( locationid, locationname) Department ( deptid, deptname, locationid)
Job ( jobid, jobname)
Employees ( empid, name, , dateof join, salary, commission, deptid, managerid)
1. List all department details with its location name.
SELECT department.deptid, department.deptname, location.locname,
department.locid
FROM department LEFT OUTER JOIN
location ON department.locid = location.locid
2. List out the employees whose name length is 4 and start with “S”
select * from employees where empname like 'b%'

22. 3. List employees and their commission. If commission is null, then display 0
select empname,coalesce(commission,0) 'commission' from employees
4. How many employees are working in each department?
select deptname,count(*) 'no of employee' from employees join
department on employees.deptid=department.deptid
group by deptname
5. List the number of employees joined in each month in ascending order.
select datepart(month,doj) 'month',count(*) 'no of emp' from employees
group by datepart(month,doj)
order by (month)
6. How many employees joined each month in 1985.
select datepart(year,doj),count(*) 'no of emp' from employees
group by datepart(year,doj),datepart(month,doj)
having datepart(year,doj)=2012
7. Create a procedure to list the employees of a given departmet
create procedure ems @a int
as

23. select * from employees where deptid=@a
ems 111
8. Add a computed column
9. Create a trigger to display the old and new contents during an update
command.
create trigger disc on employees
after delete
as
select d.empname+'is changed to'+i.empname
from inserted i,deleted d
update employees set empname='harrish' where empid=434
10. Copy employees table to another table without records.
select * into empnew from employees where 1=2
===================================================================
=====================
M8

24. Create the following four tables.
Location ( locationid, locationname) Department ( deptid, deptname, locationid)
Job ( jobid, jobname)
Employees ( empid, name, , dateof join, salary, commission, deptid, managerid)
1. How many designations are in the organization?
select count(jobname) from job
2. Display the employee details with their manager names.
select e.empname 'empnmae',m.empname 'maneger'
from employees e join employees m on e.manegerid=m.empid
3. Show the number of employees working under every manager
select m.empname 'maneger name',count(*) from employees e join
employees m on e.manegerid
group by m.empname
4. List out the job wise maximum salary, minimum salary, and average salaries
of the employees.
select jobname,min(salary),max(salary),avg(salary)from employees
join job on employees.jobid=job.jobid

25. 5. List out the employees whose name start with “S” and does not end with
“H”
select * from employees where empname like 'b%'
6. How many employees have joined in January month?
select * from employees where empname like 'b%'
7. Display the employee who got the maximum salary.
select empname,salary from employees where salary=(select
max(salary)from employees)
8. If a SIM card is free for 1000 hours, find the last valid date.
select dateadd(hour,1000,getdate())
9. Create a trigger to display the old and new contents during an update
command.
create trigger disc on employees
after delete
as
select d.empname+'is changed to'+i.empname
from inserted i,deleted d
update employees set empname='harrish' where empid=434

26. 10. Create a simple procedure.
create procedure news
as
select * from employees
execute news
===================================================================
=====================
M9
Create a table PROGRAMMER (name, dateofbirth, dateofjoin, sex, salary,
proficiency)
1.What is the average age of male programmers?
select * ,datediff(year,dob,getdate()) as age from program where sex like
'male'
2.List the experience in years for each programmer in descending order
select pname,datediff(year,doj,getdate()) as 'exp' from program
order by pname desc
3.Who are the programmers who celebrate their birthdays during the current
month?

27. select * from program
where datepart(month,dob)=datepart(month,getdate())
4.How many male , female programmers are there?
select count(*) from program
where sex like 'male'
select count(*) from program
where sex like 'female'
5.Display the details of those who don’t know C, C++ or Pascal.
select pname from program where prof not like 'pascal'
6.Produce the following output for all the male programmers
Programmer Mr. Arvind – has 15 years of experience
select 'mr.'+pname+'_has',(datediff(year,doj,getdate()))'years of exp' from
program
7.Write query to insert characters in a string.
select stuff('thufail',3,3,'s')
8.Add and Delete a Primary key Constraint.

28. alter table program add primary key(pname)
alter table program drop primary key(pname)
9.Write a procedure to print multiplication table of a given number.
reate procedure mtable @n int
as
declare @i int
set @i=1
while(@i<=10)
begin
print str(@n)+'X'+str(@i)+'='+str(@i*@n)
set @i=@i+1
end
mtable 15
10.Create a trigger to store all deleted records in another table whenever a record
is deleted.
create trigger ast
on program
after delete
as
insert into emp2backup select* from deleted

29. select * from emp2backup
delete program where pname like 'javeed'
===================================================================
=====================
M10
Create the tables Sailors (sid,sname,rating,age)
Boats (bid,bname,color)
Reserves(sid,bid,date)
1. Create above tables with necessary relation ships.
2. Find the names of sailors who have reserved boat number 103
select sname from sailores join reserve on
sailores.id=reserve.sid and bid =103

30. 3. Find the sids of sailors who have reserved a Green boat
ELECT sailores.sname, reserve.bid
FROM sailores JOIN
reserve ON sailores.id = reserve.sid
and bid=(select bid from boats where color like 'green')
4. Find sailors whose rating is greater than that of some sailor called Kishan
select * from sailores where rate>(select rate from sailores where sname
like 'aaa')
5. Find the sailors with the highest rating
select * from sailores where rate=(select max(rate) from sailores )
6. Find name and age of the eldest sailor.
elect top 1 with ties * from sailores order by age desc
7. List Sailors Name and Experience as follows
Experience - Age
Senior >=50

31. Middle >=40
Junior >=25
Beginner < 25.
select *,case
when age>=50 then 'senior'
when age>=40 then 'middler'
when age>=25 then 'junior'
else 'begin'
end
from sailores
8. Find the names of sailors who’ve reserved a red and a green boat.
select s.sname from boats b join reserve r on b.bid=r.bid
join sailores s on r.sid=s.id
where b.color like 'green'
intersect
select s.sname from boats b join reserve r on b.bid=r.bid
join sailores s on r.sid=s.id
where b.color like 'blue'

32. 9. Write a function to convert the given temperature to either Centigrade or
Fahrenheit.
CREATE function conver(@x int,@t varchar(50))
returns float
as begin
declare @temp float
if @t ='c'
set @temp=(@x-32)*5/9
else
set @temp=9*@x/5+32
return @temp
end
select dbo.conver(0,'f')
select dbo.conver(32,'c')
10. Create a trigger to display the old and new contents during an update
command.
create trigger display
on studinfo
after delete

33. as
select d.studname+'is chnaged to'+i.studname from
inserted i,deleted d
update studinfo set studname='rahul' where studid=111
===================================================================
=====================
M11
Create Student table (regnumber, name, marks, email, contactnumber)
1. Create a user defined function to find the maximum of two numbers
as
begin
declare @c int
if(@a>@b)
set @c=@a
else
set @c=@b
return @c
end

34. select dbo.maximum(12,23)
2.. Compute the Grade point of each student from his marks
Marks Grade Marks Grade
90-100 O+ 60-69 A
80-89 D+ 50-59 B
75-79 D 40-49 C
70-74 A+ 0-39 U
update students set grade= case
when mark between 90 and 100 then 'o+'
when mark between 80 and 89 then 'D+'
when mark between 75 and 79 then 'D'
when mark between 70 and 74 then 'A+'
when mark between 60 and 69 then 'A'
when mark between 50 and 59 then 'B'
when mark between 40 and 49 then 'C'

35. when mark between 1 and 39 then 'U'
end
from students
3. Create a trigger to store all deleted records in another table whenever a record
is deleted from a table.
create trigger ast
on program
after delete
as
insert into emp2backup select* from deleted
select * from emp2backup
delete program where pname like 'javeed'
4. Create a procedure to print the ascii table
create procedure asciitab
as
declare @i int

36. set @i=0
while(@i<=255)
begin
print str(@i)+''+char(@i)
set @i=@i+1
end
asciitab
5. If a credit card is valid for 100 days from today, find the last valid date.
select dateadd(hour,1000,getdate())
6. Write any four mathematical functions in a query.
7. Write query to find average marks including nulls, excluding nulls.
select avg(mark) 'excluding null',sum(mark)/count(*) 'including null' from
students
8. List all databases
select * from sys.databases
9. Rename a field contactnumber as phonenumber.

37. 10. List students who do not have account in gmail or yahoo.
select sname from students
where email not like '%@gmail.com%'
===================================================================
=====================
M12
Create tables authors ( authorid, name, address, city, state)
Titles ( titleid, title, price, publisheddate, authorid)
1. Which authors are not in TN State?
select * from author where
state not like 'tn'
2. Which title is the most expensive?
select top 1 with ties * from title
order by price desc
3. Show the latest published title.
select top 1 with ties * from title
order by pubdate desc

38. 4. Show the title and author name of each title.
SELECT title.title, author.aname
FROM author INNER JOIN
title ON author.aid = title.aid
5. List the authors who live in the same city of Suresh.
SELECT author.aname, author.address
FROM author INNER JOIN
author AS author_1 ON author.address = author_1.address AND
author.city = author_1.city AND author.state = author_1.state AND
author.aid = author_1.aid
6. Give a discount of 10% in price if the price is above 1000
SELECT *, price-price*10/100 from title where price>1000
7. Which author has published more titles?
SELECT top 1 author.aname,count(title.tid)
FROM author INNER JOIN
title ON author.aid = title.aid
group by author.aname
order by 2 desc

39. 8. Create a function to compute the Electricity bill from the units consumed.
First 100 Units - Rs. 1 per unit
Next 100 Units - Rs. 1.50 per unit
Next 200 Units - Rs. 3.00 per unit
Above 400 Units - Rs. 5.00 per unit.
9. List authors who have not written any title.
10. Add a field gender with a constraint which can accept either Male or Female.
select * ,case gender
when 'm' then 'Male'
when 'f' then 'Female'
end
from author