Visual dictionary

Air Barrier Paper Attic Ventilation of the home attic is important for two reasons. During the summer, excess heat that builds up in the attic during the day results in high energy costs for cooling. Also, moisture produced within the home may move into the attic if ceiling vapor barriers are not used. If this moisture is not exhausted from the attic it can condense and cause insulation and construction materials to deteriorate. Thus, temperature and moisture control are the major reasons for providing attic ventilation.

Attic Ventilation – Ridge Vent Attic vents prevent water vapor from becoming trapped inside the attic space and also allows hot air to escape during the summer to help manage temperatures inside the structure

Attic Ventilation- Soffit Vent

Attic Ventilation – Roof Turbine

Attic Ventilation – Gable Vent

Backhoe A backhoe, also called a rear actor or back actor, is a piece of excavating equipment or digger consisting of a digging bucket on the end of a two-part articulated arm. They are typically mounted on the back of a tractor or front loader Width of Bucket – 18”

Batter Boards Horizontal boards nailed to corner posts located just outside the corners of a proposed building to assist in the accurate layout of foundation and excavation lines. They are used to determine the position, shape, and size of the building on site

Centering Centering is a temporary structure to shape the arch, dome, or vault

Brick Bond - Flemish Flemish Bond- courses alternate between header and stretcher

Brick Bond – Running Bond A running bond is created by butting joints end to end with the joints falling in the middle of the brick on the course below

Brick Bond – Stretcher Rowlock

Brick Size # 1 Engineered Norman – 3 ½” X 11 5/8” X 2 ¾”

Brick Size # 2 3” x 3 ¾” x 15 5/8”

Bulldozer A bulldozer is a crawler (caterpillar tracked tractor), equipped with a substantial metal plate (known as a blade) used to push large quantities of soil, sand, rubble, etc., during construction work and typically equipped at the rear with a claw-like device (known as a ripper) to loosen densely-compacted materials.

Cladding – Stone (Coursed Rubble)

Cladding – Wood Shingles A wooden shake is a wooden shingle that is made from split logs Wooden shingles are made from sawn logs These are wooden shingles

Code Requirements - # 2 International building code states that treads should be no narrower than 11” and that risers should be no more than 7 ¾” tall. Tread – 1’ Riser 7 ½” These stairs meet code requirements

Control Joint A control joint is basically a groove cut into the surface of the concrete that allows some cracking to occur in the joint and not be readily visible.

Isolation Joint The isolation joint is separating the rail column from the concrete slab. An isolation joint, such as an expansion joint, is a joint between two adjacent structures which are not in physical contact.

CMU # 1 concrete masonry unit (CMU) ó also called concrete block, cement block or foundation block ó is a large rectangular brick used in construction. Concrete blocks are made from cast concrete, i.e. Portland cement and aggregate, usually sand and fine gravel for high-density blocks. the most common size is 8 in ◊ 8 in ◊ 16 in (20 cm ◊ 20 cm ◊ 41 cm); the actual size is usually about 3/8 in (1 cm) smaller to allow for mortar joints

CMU # 2 12” X 18” X 16” 4” X 8” X 16”

Decorative Masonry Units – Split Block

Decorative Masonry Unit – Ribbed Block

Doors - Panel Top Rail Stile Lock Rail Bottom Rail Panel

Doors - Transom The term given to a transverse beam or bar in a frame, or to the crosspiece separating a door or the like from a window or fanlight above it.[1] Transom is also the customary U.S. word used for a transom light, the window over this crosspiece

Doors - Sidelight A sidelight is a window, usually with a vertical emphasis, that flanks a door. Sidelights are narrow, usually stationary and found immediately adjacent doorways

Electrical Components – Transformer A transformer box changes the voltage of an alternating current

Electrical Components – Service Head A service head is a device that brings power lines to the house

Electrical Components - Meter A meter is an electrical device that tells how much electricity was used by a dwelling

Electrical Components – Service Panel A service panel is a box that allows you to turn on and off power in certain places around the dwelling

Electrical Components – Duplex Receptacle A device that allows electronics to plug into

Front End Loader A heavy equipment machine (often used in construction) that is primarily used to "load" material (asphalt, demolition debris, dirt, feed, gravel, logs, raw minerals, recycled material, rock, sand, wood chips, etc.) into or onto another type of machinery (dump truck, conveyor belt, feed-hopper, rail-car, etc.).

Gypsum Board Gypsum board is an interior facing panel consisting of gypsum core sandwiched between paper faces, also called drywall or plasterboard

Heat Pump – Compressor / Evaporator Advantage- Heat pumps are one of the most efficient systems you can buy to heat your home. This means saving energy and paying lower bills compared to other heating options Disadvantage- If you live in an area that is frequently below freezing in winter, a back up system may be required to provide enough heat for the entire home. Also, the initial price of a heat pump can be a deterrent when purchasing a heating unit A compressor for a heat pump system pulls air from outside and runs it through refrigeration lines to cool it or heat it

Heat Pump – Air Handling Unit Air handling units use electric resistance heating for back up although some use gas

Insulation – Batt / Blanket Insulation reduces unwanted heat loss or gain and can decrease the energy demands of heating and cooling systems

Lintel Concrete A lintel is a horizontal architectural member supporting the weight above an opening, as a window or a door.

Mortar – Concave Mortar Joint Tooled Joint – Type N Joint thickness – 3/8” – Retaining Wall

Mortar - # 2 Extruded – Neither tooled nor troweled – Type N

Oriented Strand Board OSB is an engineered wood product formed by layering strands (flakes) of wood in specific orientations. In appearance, it may have a rough and variegated surface with the individual strips (around 2.5 by 15 cm (approx. 1 in by 6 in) each) lying unevenly across each other.It is manufactured in wide mats from cross-oriented layers of thin, rectangular wooden strips compressed and bonded together with wax and resin adhesives (95% wood, 5% wax and resin)

Plumbing – Lavatory – 1-1/2”

Plumbing – Water Closet – 3”

Plumbing – Shower / Tub Unit

Plumbing - Vent It prevent sewer gases from backing up into the house

Plumbing – Sink in a Countertop Sunk In

Plywood Plywood is manufactured wood, made by gluing together a number of thin veneers or plies of softwood or hardwood. the log is peeled into sheets of veneer which are then cut to the desired dimensions, dried, patched, glued together and then baked in a press at 140 ∞C (280 ∞F) and 19 MPa (2800 psi) to form the plywood panel A veneer is a thin covering over another surface for a more aesthetically pleasing look

Radiant Barrier A radiant barrier is a reflective foil placed adjacent to an airspace in roof or wall assemblies as a deterrent to the passage of infrared energy

Rebar The diameter is ½” making it # 4 rebar. The deformations in the bar are so it will hold tighter to the concrete

Steep Roof Drainage - Gutter A gutter is a channel that collects rain water and snowmelt at the eave of a roof

Steep Roof Drainage - Downspout A downspout is a vertical pipe for conducting water from the roof to a lower level

Steep Roof Drainage - Splashblock A splash block is a small precast block of concrete or plastic used to divert water at the bottom of a downspout

Steep Roof Materials - Underlayment A layer of waterproof material such as building felt between roof sheathing and roofing

Steep Roof Materials – Clay Tile

Steep Roof Materials – Non-Asphalt Shingle A shingle is a small unit of water-resistant material nailed in overlapping fashion with many other such units to render a wall or slopping roof watertight

Steep Roof Materials – Metal Panel Roof Metal panel roof typically are galvanized or aluminized steel

Steep Roof Terms - Ridge The level intersection of two roof planes in a gable roof

Steep Roof Terms - Valley A trough formed by the intersection of two roof slopes

Steep Roof Terms - Eave The horizontal edge at the low side of a sloping roof

Steep Roof Terms - Rake The sloping edge of a steep roof

Steep Roof Terms - Fascia The exposed vertical face of an eave Building without a fascia

Steep Roof Terms - Soffit The undersurface of a horizontal element of a building, especially the underside of a stair or a roof overhang

Vapor Retardor A vapor retarder is a layer of material intended to obstruct the passage of water vapor through a building assembly It is place on the warm in winter side

Waterproofing Impervious membrane applied to the outside of the foundation. Waterproofing here is liquid applied

Weep Hole Weep hole permits the drainage of water that accumulates inside a building component or assembly

Window - # 1 Double-hung window because it has two overlapping sashes that slide vertically on tracks

Window - # 2 Out swinging double casement window because it has hinges on the side

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