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9.0
PowerVC for PowerVM Deep Dive
Tips & Tricks
BenoĂŽt CrĂŠau
Aix System Engineer
@chmod666 chmod666org http://chmod666.org benoit.creau@chmod666.org
Student Guide & Workshop & Internal Training & Confidential Update Daily
https://goo.gl/VVmVZ0
AN304G00 - Agenda http://ouo.io/eZPF1Q
AN304G01 - Introduction to partitioning http://ouo.io/2ELAlA
AN304G02 - Processor virtualization http://ouo.io/tcsBj
AN304G03 - Integrated Virtual Ethernet http://ouo.io/6ia3L
AN304G04 - Virtual Ethernet http://ouo.io/SFbzl
AN304G05 - Virtual IO Server and virtual devices http://ouo.io/BJCzjT
AN304G06 - Virtual network configuration with dual VIOS http://ouo.io/UcHMx
AN304G07 - Virtual SCSI configuration with dual VIOS http://ouo.io/QeBxTo
AN304G08 - N_Port ID virtualization http://ouo.io/icDMSL
AN304G09 - Migration from physical to virtual storage http://ouo.io/1UA82i
AN304G10 - HMC Service Management http://ouo.io/08NSIj
AN304G11 - PowerVM advanced systems maintenance http://ouo.io/wRSzJ
2Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015
whoami
• AIX/PowerVM System Engineer working in Large french banks
• Passionate about AIX and Power Systems
• Blogger since Feb 2010
– http://chmod666.org
• Creating tools for AIX an Power
– Github : chmod666org
• Sharing my daily life as a sysadmin on Twitter (tips and tricks,
blog post)
– @chmod666
• Recently Redbook author: PowerVC 1.2.3 Introduction and
configuration
(www.redbooks.ibm.com/redpieces/abstracts/sg248199.html?
Open)
Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 3
Agenda
• Part 1 - Network management
• Part 2 - Storage management
• Part 3 - Datasource/activation
• Part 4 - Disks PVID
• Part 5 - cloud-init
• Part 6 - sys0 attributes ghostdev/clouddev
• Part 7 - Using openstack commands
• Part 8 - Rest api
• Part 9 - Linked clones
• Part 10 - Dynamic Resource Optimizer
Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 4
PowerVC network management
• Shared Ethernet Adapters:
– PowerVC add and remove vlans from the Shared Ethernet Adapters.
– If a VLAN is needed on a host PowerVC add the VLAN on the Shared
Ethernet Adapter:
• At deploy time
• At migrate time (Live Partition Mobility)
• At restart time (Remote Restart Operation)
– If a VLAN is not needed anymore PowerVC removes the VLAN from
the Shared Ethernet Adapter:
• Same conditions as above (deploy, migrate, restart)
• PowerVC can create Virtual Ethernet Adapters and add it in the
Shared Ethernet adapters if needed
• PowerVC can remove Virtual Ethernet Adapter from the
Shared Ethernet Adapter
Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 5
PowerVC Network Management : Forget your
conventions
• Don’t prepare a slot numbering convention as PowerVC can
add or remove the Virtual Ethernet Adapters
• Advice: Do not create SEA with more than two VEA.
Automatically added by
PowerVC (PVID 4094) No custom buffers on
this interface
Output of lsseas korn shell script (https://github.com/chmod666org/lsseas)
Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 6
PowerVC network management : SEA buffers
• Using the chdef way:
# chdef -a min_buf_tiny=4096 -c adapter –s vdevice –t IBM,l-lan
# chdef -a max_buf_tiny=4096 -c adapter –s vdevice –t IBM,l-lan
Same for min_buf_small=4096 max_buf_small=4096
min_buf_medium=512 max_buf_medium=512
min_buf_large=128 max_buf_large=128
min_buf_huge=128 max_buf_huge=128
• Using the Virtual I/O servers rules ( >= 2.2.4):
# rules -o modify -t adapter/vdevice/IBM,l-lan -a min_buf_tiny=4096
# rules -o modify -t adapter/vdevice/IBM,l-lan -a max_buf_tiny=4096
# rules –o list
[..]
adapter/vdevice/IBM,l-lan max_buf_tiny 4096
adapter/vdevice/IBM,l-lan min_buf_tiny 4096
# rules –o diff –s
# rules –o deploy
[1] Warning #7 (0590-206 A manual post-operation is required for the
changes to take effect): Please reboot the system
# shutdown -force -restart
Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 7
Disabling vlan addition/removal
(automated_powervm_vlan_cleanup)
• PowerVC 1.2.3.1/2 bug: PowerVC forget to keep at least two
VEA for Shared Ethernet Adapter in sharing mode
• Some customers wants to disable this feature:
– Keep their numbering convention
– Avoiding removal of the next to last VEA
• Using openstack-config:
# openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT
automated_powervm_vlan_cleanup False
# openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova-828642A_10D6D5T.conf DEFAULT
automated_powervm_vlan_cleanup False
• Modifying nova.conf :
# grep automated_powervm_vlan_cleanup /etc/nova/nova.conf
automated_powervm_vlan_cleanup = False
# grep automated_powervm_vlan_cleanup /etc/nova/nova-
9117MMD_659C5FF.conf
automated_powervm_vlan_cleanup = False
Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 8
Disabling vlan addition/removal
(automated_powervm_vlan_cleanup)
• Any configuration files modification = RESTART POWERVC
# powervc-services restart
Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 9
VLANs: be careful when adding new hosts!
• Adding a host on PowerVC does not automatically set which
SEA will be utilized for a particular VLAN.
• When adding a host, be carefull modifying all your existing
VLAN to match the SEA configuration !
• PowerVC will use the first founded one !
• This can result in propagating a VLAN in the wrong network
vswitch (deploy, LPM errors)
Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 10
Zoning: How many zones will be created
• Number of zones created depends of:
– Storage connectivity group (easy to understand)
• NPIV Fabric Access Requirement.
• VIOS Redundency for volume Connectivity
– Storage Templates:
• Use all available WWPNs for attachement (very very important option) (
next slide)
This will decide how
many ports will be
zoned on your
storage array
Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 11
Zoning: ÂŤ Use all available WWPNs Âť (SVC)
• Option not checked
– Both nodes will be zoned but not for each WWPNs
– One zone per WWPN
– For instance 4 NPIV adapters = 4 zones
– No spof / Multi fabric
– Warning on the SVC
Best practice on AIX: Use 4 or 8 paths, exceptionally 16 (too much paths can result in huge performance issues)
Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 12
Zoning: ÂŤ Use all available WWPNs Âť (SVC)
• Option checked
– Both nodes will be zoned for each WWPNs
– Many zones per WWPN
– All SVC available ports will be zoned
– No spof / Multi fabric
– Too many zones ?
Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 13
Zoning: FE Ports spreading
• By using a algorithm based on:
– The number of ports that can be zoned
– The name of the Virtual Machines
• PowerVC will spread the zoning on each available ports:
Virtual Machine 1 Virtual Machine 2
• In version <= 1.2.3.2 PowerVC just use the four first ports
available on the SVC.
• Ask for patch, open a PMR to get it.
Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 14
Storage: Good to know
• Machines with no storage templates (adopt using « manage
existing Âť button):
– Use the default storage template (depending on the storage provider)
– When you’ll add a new LUN (from a different storage template) it adds
new zones to an existing VM
• Be very careful when creating VMs:
– PowerVC can create new zones on a existing VM but can not remove
a part of this zones (ie. all zones will be deleted at the VM deletion,
but you can’t remove zones if you made a mistake when choosing a
storage connectivity group or a storage template).
– If you notice that you choose the wrong storage template for a VM you
can add a new lun in the new storage template and all the existing lun
will use the new zones (just cfgmgr).
Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 15
Openstack data-source used by PowerVC 1/4
1. The user enter ip address, the hostname, … in the GUI
2. A iso image is created on the PowerVC host (glance is doing that)
3. This iso is transfered on one of the Virtual I/O Server (POST rest api)
4. By using Virtual Optic devices the iso is attached to the virtual machine
5. The machine is created
6. cloud-init or activation engine is mounting and reading the virtual cdrom and can
use the information entered in the PowerVC GUI to setup the Virtual Machine
PowerVC
server
User
VM creation
IP, hostname, activation input ….
- IP
- hostname
- ae
- ….
VIOS1
VIOS2
Loadbalanced
(to be verified)
mount
Cloud-init/ae
1
2
3
4 5
6
Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 16
Created VM
Openstack data-source used by PowerVC 2/4
• For each Virtual Machines created PowerVC create a vscsi adapter
used for the virtual optic data source
• This adapter can be removed by the user if he wants to. This one will
not be utilized anymore after the VM creation
• Be careful with VIOS rootvg size (be sure to have enough space in /var
to copy the iso, had issue when moving on P8 boot on san VIOS)
• What’s inside this iso ?
# lsrep
Name File Size Optical Access
vopt_754df319e3f14cbc979011e2360fc723 1 None ro
# ls –l /var/vio/VMLibrary | grep vopt
-r--r----- 1 root system 425984 Aug 3 12:36
vopt_754df319e3f14cbc979011e2360fc723
# loopmount -i vopt_754df319e3f14cbc979011e2360fc723 -l loop0 -o "-V cdrfs -o ro" -m /mnt
Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 17
Openstack data-source used by PowerVC 3/4
• Network configuration (cloud-init format/debian style):
# cat /mnt/openstack/content/0000
# Injected by Nova on instance boot
[..]
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address 10.10.10.11
hwaddress ether fa:34:9b:4c:fb:20
netmask 255.255.255.0
broadcast 10.10.10.254
pre-up [ $(ifconfig eth0 | grep -o -E
'([[:xdigit:]]{1,2}:){5}[[:xdigit:]]{1,2}') =
"fa:34:9b:4c:fb:20" ]
gateway 10.10.10.254
dns-nameservers 8.8.8.8 8.8.8.9
dns-search lab.chmod666.org
Yes ! Cloud-init use
the debian style
interface format.
Don’t worry it’s his
job to translate it for
AIX (mktcpip)
Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 18
Openstack data-source used by PowerVC 4/4
• User data (user-data):
# cat /mnt/openstack/latest/user_data
runcmd:
- root_home=$(grep ^root /etc/passwd | awk -F ':' '{print
$6}') ; echo 'ssh-dss AAAABBBBCCCC[…]'>>
${root_home}/.ssh/authorized_keys
- mount deckard:/export/nim/postinstall /mnt
- /mnt/postintall.ksh
- /mnt/install_was.ksh
- /mnt/install_jre.ksh
Running post-install
scripts
Adding an ssh key
This was a Websphere VM
Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 19
The PVID topic 1/4
• To capture the Virtual Machines PowerVC is using:
– Snapshot (Shared Storage Pools)
– Flashcopies (SVC, Storwise)
• To create a new Virtual Machines PowerVC is using these
Snapshots/Flashcopies
– After the deployments your VM will have the same PVIDs for both
rootvg and datavg
– This is not an issue! But some customers may want to change this (for
instance storage billing can be based on PVID … or stuff like that)
# for i in $(cat myvms) ; do echo "==$i==" ; ssh -q $i "lspv | grep -E
"rootvg|appsvg"" ; done
==rachael==
hdisk0 00c30e8e42c879b9 rootvg active
hdisk1 00c30e8e42d0aae5 appsvg active
==tyrell==
hdisk0 00c30e8e42c879b9 rootvg active
hdisk1 00c30e8e42d0aae5 appsvg active
Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 20
The PVID topic 2/4
• Solution for the rootvg
• Did you know changing the sys0 « ghostdev » to 2 and
rebooting the VM change rootvg PVID !
• After rebooting the lpar ghostdev attribute will automatically be
reset to 0, and rootvg PVID will be changed
• Documentation about ghostdev : https://www-
01.ibm.com/support/knowledgecenter/#!/ssw_aix_61/com.ibm.
aix.osdevice/change_pvid_vgid.htm
• AIX 6.1/7.1/7.2
# lsattr -El sys0 -a ghostdev
ghostdev 0 Recreate ODM devices on system change / modify PVID True
# chdev -l sys0 -a ghostdev=2
sys0 changed
# lsattr -El sys0 -a ghostdev
ghostdev 2 Recreate ODM devices on system change / modify PVID True
Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 21
The PVID topic 3/4
• Solution for other VG, use the « recreatevg » command to
change all the PVIDs of a volume group
• cloud-init shell solution
Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 22
The PVID topic 4/4
• cloud-init cloud-config solution :
Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 23
cloud-init 1/5
• Cloud-init needs a lot of prerequistes. There is a script doing
the job for you (https://github.com/transt/cloud-init-
0.7.5/blob/master/cloudinst.sh)
# cloudinst.sh
• You need an access to internet to run the script. If you don’t
have any internet access, install it by hand. (rpm)
# rpm -ivh --nodeps gettext-0.17-8.aix6.1.ppc.rpm
[..]
gettext ##################################################
# for rpm in bzip2-1.0.6-2.aix6.1.ppc.rpm db-4.8.24-4.aix6.1.ppc.rpm expat-2.1.0-1.aix6.1.ppc.rpm gmp-
5.1.3-1.aix6.1.ppc.rpm libffi-3.0.11-1.aix6.1.ppc.rpm openssl-1.0.1g-1.aix6.1.ppc.rpm zlib-1.2.5-
6.aix6.1.ppc.rpm gdbm-1.10-1.aix6.1.ppc.rpm libiconv-1.14-1.aix6.1.ppc.rpm bash-4.2-9.aix6.1.ppc.rpm info-
5.0-2.aix6.1.ppc.rpm readline-6.2-3.aix6.1.ppc.rpm ncurses-5.9-3.aix6.1.ppc.rpm sqlite-3.7.15.2-
2.aix6.1.ppc.rpm python-2.7.6-1.aix6.1.ppc.rpm python-2.7.6-1.aix6.1.ppc.rpm python-devel-2.7.6-
1.aix6.1.ppc.rpm python-xml-0.8.4-1.aix6.1.ppc.rpm python-boto-2.34.0-1.aix6.1.noarch.rpm python-argparse-
1.2.1-1.aix6.1.noarch.rpm python-cheetah-2.4.4-2.aix6.1.ppc.rpm python-configobj-5.0.5-1.aix6.1.noarch.rpm
python-jsonpointer-1.0.c1ec3df-1.aix6.1.noarch.rpm python-jsonpatch-1.8-1.aix6.1.noarch.rpm python-oauth-
1.0.1-1.aix6.1.noarch.rpm python-pyserial-2.7-1.aix6.1.ppc.rpm python-prettytable-0.7.2-1.aix6.1.noarch.rpm
python-requests-2.4.3-1.aix6.1.noarch.rpm libyaml-0.1.4-1.aix6.1.ppc.rpm python-setuptools-0.9.8-
2.aix6.1.noarch.rpm fdupes-1.51-1.aix5.1.ppc.rpm ; do rpm -ivh $rpm ;done
[..]
python-oauth ##################################################
python-pyserial ##################################################
python-prettytable ##################################################
python-requests ##################################################
libyaml ##################################################
Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 24
cloud-init 2/5
• The documentation is aweful
(https://cloudinit.readthedocs.org/en/latest/)
• Configuration file is located in /opt/freeware/etc/cloud.cfg
• For debugging purposes you may want to re-run cloudinit by
hand, delete somes files before re-running cloud-init:
# rm –rf /opt/freeware/var/lib/cloud/instances/*
• Default logs file located in:
– /var/log/cloud-init-output.log
– /var/log/cloud-init.log
• User data file located in
/opt/freeware/var/lib/cloud/instances/<XXX>/user-data.txt
#cloud-config
runcmd:
- mount nim:/export/nim/postinstall /mnt
- /mnt/install_oracle.ksh
- export LIBPATH=/usr/lib ; /mnt/script_install_was.ksh
Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 25
Cloud-init 3/5
• Step 1 (local): cd is
loaded, ip, hostname
are set.
• Step 2 (init): All init
modules are launched
(rmc, bootlist, vg)
• Step 3 (config): All
config modules are
launched (mounts,
chef run, runcmd)
• Step 4 (final) : All final
modules are launched
(phone_home,
messages, shutdown)
Come join me in my
session about Chef
on AIX
(intermediate/expert)
Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 26
cloud-init 4/5
• Files:
write_files:
- path: /tmp/cloud-init-started
content: |
cloud-init was started on this server
permissions: '0755'
- path: /var/log/cloud-init-sub.log
content: |
starting chef logging
permissions: '0755'
final_message: "The system is up, cloud-init is
finished"
Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 27
cloud-init 5/5
• Power_state:
power_state:
delay: "+5"
mode: poweroff
message: cloud-init mandatory reboot for sddpcm
timeout: 5
• chef:
chef:
force_install: false
server_url:
"https://cserver.chmod666.org/organizations/chmod666"
validation_name: "chmod666-validator"
validation_key: |
-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
run_list:
- "role[aix7]"
Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 28
Ghostdev ? Clouddev ? 1/2
• The problem:
– When a new machine is created, its rootvg was cloned. To remove the old devices
and wipe the ODM the activation is taking care of the ghostdev/clouddev attribute
(it’s a sys0 attribute)
• If you are using the activation engine:
– ghostdev is set to 1, after activation, ghostdev is automatically set back to 0
– It works on all versions of AIX.
• If you are using cloud-init:
– If you are using AIX >= 7100-03-05 or >=6100-09-05
• Clouddev is set to 1, after rebooting, clouddev is automatically set back to 0
– If you are using another version of AIX
• Ghostdev is set to 1, but after rebooting, ghostdev is not automatically set back
to 0
• Set manually (or using the activation input) ghostdev to 1
• If you forget to do that any remote restart operation will result in an ODM wipe.
• All AIX versions (6.1/7.1) will be supported in the next release of PowerVC
Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 29
Ghostdev / Clouddev 2/2
• clouddev is using a flag is the nvram to check if the ODM needs to be
wiped or not
# errpt | more
IDENTIFIER TIMESTAMP T C RESOURCE_NAME DESCRIPTION
CB4A951F 0803171015 I S SRC SOFTWARE PROGRAM ERROR
D872C399 0803171015 I O sys0 Partition ID changed and devices recreat
• cloud-init on unsupported os:
# cloud-config
runcmd:
- chdev –l sys0 –a ghostdev=0
Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 30
Using openstack command on PowerVC 1/2
• As PowerVC is based on Openstack, there is a way to use the
openstack commands on the PowerVC host.
• Create a powervcrc file:
# cat powervcrc
export OS_USERNAME=root
export OS_PASSWORD=mypasswd
export OS_TENANT_NAME=ibm-default
export OS_AUTH_URL=https://powervc.lab.chmod666.org:5000/v3/
export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3
export OS_CACERT=/etc/pki/tls/certs/powervc.crt
export OS_REGION_NAME=RegionOne
export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
powervc root
password
powervc url
• Source it:
# source powervcrc
• You can now use openstack commands:
# nova list
+--------------------------------------+-----------------------+--------+------------+-------------+------------------------+
| ID | Name | Status | Task State | Power State | Networks |
+--------------------------------------+-----------------------+--------+------------+-------------+------------------------+
| 394ab4d4-729e-44c7-a4d0-57bf2c121902 | deckard | ACTIVE | - | Running | vlan666=10.16.66.60 |
| cd53fb69-0530-451b-88de-557e86a2e238 | priss | ACTIVE | - | Running | vlan666=10.16.66.61 |
| 64a3b1f8-8120-4388-9d64-6243d237aa44 | rachael | ACTIVE | - | Running | |
| 2679e3bd-a2fb-4a43-b817-b56ead26852d | batty | ACTIVE | - | Running | |
| 5fdfff7c-fea0-431a-b99b-fe20c49e6cfd | tyrel | ACTIVE | - | Running | |
+--------------------------------------+-----------------------+--------+------------+-------------+------------------------+
Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 31
Using openstack commands on PowerVC
• Reboot a machine:
# nova reboot deckard
• Migrate a machine (lpm):
# nova live-migration deckard 828641A_YYYYYY
• List hosts:
# nova hypervisor list
+----+---------------------+-------+---------+
| ID | Hypervisor hostname | State | Status |
+----+---------------------+-------+---------+
| 21 | 828641A_XXXXXXX | up | enabled |
| 23 | 828641A_YYYYYYY | up | enabled |
+----+---------------------+-------+---------+
• Maintenance mode:
# nova maintenance-enable --migrate active-only --target-host 828641A_XXXXXX 828641A_YYYYYYY
• Create a machine:
# nova create --image 7100-03-04-cic2-chef --flavor powervm.tiny --nic net-id=5fae84a7-b463-4a1a-b4dd-
9ab24cdb66b5,v4-fixed-ip=10.16.66.51 novacreated
• WARNING : No PowerVC extension with openstack cmd !
Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 32
PowerVC Lun order
• To remove a rootvg lun from a Virtual Machine this one needs
to be in ÂŤ position Âť 2. (not 1)
• For instance when I’m moving a new machine to PowerVC
(from an old host) I’m creating a VM with PowerVC (for
profiles,zoning, …). Then I’m mapping « old » luns to this
machine
Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 33
Rest API 1/2
• The best way to scripts things on PowerVC is to use the rest API
• I warn you: for a system administrator using a rest API can be (at the
begining) difficult
• My advise is to use Python (json trees can be treated as dict)
• I’ve created a few example of how to use the PowerVC rest API :
– pvcgrowlun: growing a existing lun
(https://github.com/chmod666org/pvcmd/blob/master/pvcgrowlun)
– pvcmkvm: creating a Virtual machine with the rest API
(https://github.com/chmod666org/pvcmd/blob/master/pvcmkvm)
# pvcgrowlun -v multi-vol-bf697dfa-0000003a-828641A_21AFF8V-data-1 -s 84 -p
powervc.lab.chmod666.org -u root -P mypassword
# cat myvm
name:myvm
ip_address:10.10.10.2
vlan:vlan666
image:aix7100-03-05-chef
storage_connectivity_group:npiv_4ports
virtual_processor:1
entitled_capacity:0.1
memory:8192 storage_template:svc
# pvcmkvm -f myvm -p powervc.lab.chmod666.org -u root -P mypassword
Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 34
Rest API 2/2
• The most difficult part with rest API is to find the json body you need to create
• My advice is to test every calls to the API with RESTClient (firefox plugin)
• Check json body with firefox firebug (example with network creation):
Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 35
Copying images between storage providers
• When you have a lot of different storage providers (in my case I have three different
SVC) you have to synchronize your images between each one.
• Step 1: Zone all your storage provider on a host
• Step 2: Map your OS Image lun on this host (from the source Storage Provider)
• Step 3: Map a new lun (from the desitnation Storage Provider)
• Step 4: Use dd to copy the data from on lun to one another. (note the block size)
– /dev/mapper/mpathe -> lun of the OS Image (source Storage Provider)
– /dev/mapper/mpathc -> new lun (destination Storage Provider)
# dd if=/dev/mapper/mpathe of=/data/download/aix7100-03-04-cloudinit-chef bs=4M
# dd if=/data/download/aix7100-03-04-cloudinit-chef of=/dev/mapper/mpathc bs=4M
• Step 5: Import the new image on PowerVC
– Manage the new lun with « Manage Existing »
# powervc-volume-image-import --name rhel64 --os rhel --volume volume_capture2 --activation-
type ae Password: Image creation complete for image id: e3a4ece1-c0cd-4d44-b197-4bbbc2984a34
Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 36
Linked clones 1/2
• PowerVC is the only way to created « linked clone » VM
• You need to have a Shared Storage Pool as a storage
provider. How does it work:
– Step 1: The captured rootvg underlying disk is a Shared Storage Pool Logical Unit.
– Step 2: When the image is captured the rootvg Logical Unit is copied and is known as a “Logical
(Client Image) Unit”.
– Step 3: When deploying a new machine a snapshot is created from the Logical (Client Image) Unit.
– Step 4: A “special Logical Unit” is created from the snapshot. This Logical Unit seems to be a
pointer to the snapshot. We call it a clone.
– Step 5:The machine is booted and the activation engine is running and reconfiguring the network
– Step 6:When a block is modified on the new machine this one is duplicated and modified on one
new block on the Shared Storage Pool.
– Step7: This said if no blocks are modified all the machines created from this capture are sharing
the same blocks on the Shared Storage Pool.
– Step 8: Only modified blocks are not shared between Linked Clones. The more things you will
change on your rootvg the more space you will use on the Shared Storage Pool.
– Step 9:That’s why these machines are called Linked Clones : they all are connected by the same
source Logical Unit.
– Step 10:You will save TIME (just a snapshot creation for the storage side)
and SPACE (all rootvg will be shared by all the deployed machines) by using Linked Clones.
Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 37
Linked clones 2/2
Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 38
Debugging PowerVC
• Best things to do is to check logs:
– All openstack logs are located in /var/log
• Nova
• Cinder
• …
• Things I’ve learned by experience:
– Check VIOS rootvg /var space (PowerVC need space in /var)
– PowerVC needs responsive VIOS. By this I mean if some commands
are too long to answer, PowerVC will consider this VIOS as busy and
will try a new one. (And indicate it may be an RMC problem in the log)
– In the Virtual I/O Server check the logs located in /home/ios/logs
• viosvc.log
• viod_CM.log (if you have .FATAL files you can check them to find the
issue)
Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 39
Backup/Restore strategy
• My advice:
– Create two Linux hosts (on different sites)
– Install PowerVC at the same level on each hosts
– If you update one PowerVC update the backup too
– On the production one run weekly backups:
– Copy this backup on a third host or backup it with TSM
– If you have an outtage of the first PowerVC restore the configuration
on the second one
# crontab –l
0 0 * * 6 rm -rf /var/opt/ibm/powervc/backups/* ; /opt/ibm/powervc/bin/powervc-
backup --targetDir /var/opt/ibm/powervc/backups --noPrompt
# powervc-restore --targetDir /var/opt/ibm/powervc/backups/
Continuing with this operation will stop all PowerVC services and overwrite
critical PowerVC data in both the database and the file system. Do you want to
continue? (y/N):y
PowerVC services stopped.
[..]
Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 40
Dynamic Resource Optimizer 1/2
• Had the chance to participate in the beta test program
• DRO is checking host utilization and optimize (rebalance) the
placement of Virtual Machine, or of CPU:
– By using Live Partition Mobility
– By using Power Entreprise Pool (mobiles cores)
• DRO can by run in:
– Active mode: VM will be moved, cores will be moved.
– Advise mode: DRO will advise you in the logs
• Specific machines, host, or host group can be excluded from
DRO.
• For the moment DRO is the checking the CPU usage:
– Criteria : Threshold, stabilization, run interval
Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 41
Dynamic resource Optimizer 2/2
Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 42
Redbook & resources
• My blog posts about PowerVC :
http://chmod666.org/index.php/tag/powervc/
• Redbook:
http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/redpieces/pdfs/sg248199.pdf
• Linked-in PowerVC group:
https://www.linkedin.com/grp/home?gid=6610502
• PowerVC DW Wiki (best place for documentation):
https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/community/wikis/home?l
ang=en_us
• Twitter:
– @IBMPowerVC
Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 43
Thank you !
Special thanks to (for their support or help)
- All the PowerVC team in Austin (Joe, Christine, Sam, Gerald)
- Jay Kruemcke @chromeaix @cloudrancher
- Philippe Hermes @phhermes
- Nigel Griffiths @mr_nmon / Gareth Coates @power_gaz
- Chris Gibson @cgibbo
- Rosa Davidson @radavids1
- Eddie Shvartsman
Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 44
Š Copyright IBM Corporation
2015
Continue growing your IBM skills
ibm.com/training provides a
comprehensive portfolio of skills and
career
accelerators that are designed to
meet all
your training needs.
• Training in cities local to you - where and
when you need it, and in the format you want
– Use IBM Training Search to locate public training classes
near to you with our five Global Training Providers
– Private training is also available with our Global Training Providers
• Demanding a high standard of quality –
view the paths to success
– Browse Training Paths and Certifications to find the
course that is right for you
• If you can’t find the training that is right for you with
our Global Training Providers, we can help.
– Contact IBM Training at dpmc@us.ibm.com
Global Skills
Initiative
Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015
45

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Power vc for powervm deep dive tips &amp; tricks

  • 1. Technical University/Symposia materials may not be reproduced in whole or in part without the prior written permission of IBM. 9.0 PowerVC for PowerVM Deep Dive Tips & Tricks BenoĂŽt CrĂŠau Aix System Engineer @chmod666 chmod666org http://chmod666.org benoit.creau@chmod666.org
  • 2. Student Guide & Workshop & Internal Training & Confidential Update Daily https://goo.gl/VVmVZ0 AN304G00 - Agenda http://ouo.io/eZPF1Q AN304G01 - Introduction to partitioning http://ouo.io/2ELAlA AN304G02 - Processor virtualization http://ouo.io/tcsBj AN304G03 - Integrated Virtual Ethernet http://ouo.io/6ia3L AN304G04 - Virtual Ethernet http://ouo.io/SFbzl AN304G05 - Virtual IO Server and virtual devices http://ouo.io/BJCzjT AN304G06 - Virtual network configuration with dual VIOS http://ouo.io/UcHMx AN304G07 - Virtual SCSI configuration with dual VIOS http://ouo.io/QeBxTo AN304G08 - N_Port ID virtualization http://ouo.io/icDMSL AN304G09 - Migration from physical to virtual storage http://ouo.io/1UA82i AN304G10 - HMC Service Management http://ouo.io/08NSIj AN304G11 - PowerVM advanced systems maintenance http://ouo.io/wRSzJ 2Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015
  • 3. whoami • AIX/PowerVM System Engineer working in Large french banks • Passionate about AIX and Power Systems • Blogger since Feb 2010 – http://chmod666.org • Creating tools for AIX an Power – Github : chmod666org • Sharing my daily life as a sysadmin on Twitter (tips and tricks, blog post) – @chmod666 • Recently Redbook author: PowerVC 1.2.3 Introduction and configuration (www.redbooks.ibm.com/redpieces/abstracts/sg248199.html? Open) Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 3
  • 4. Agenda • Part 1 - Network management • Part 2 - Storage management • Part 3 - Datasource/activation • Part 4 - Disks PVID • Part 5 - cloud-init • Part 6 - sys0 attributes ghostdev/clouddev • Part 7 - Using openstack commands • Part 8 - Rest api • Part 9 - Linked clones • Part 10 - Dynamic Resource Optimizer Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 4
  • 5. PowerVC network management • Shared Ethernet Adapters: – PowerVC add and remove vlans from the Shared Ethernet Adapters. – If a VLAN is needed on a host PowerVC add the VLAN on the Shared Ethernet Adapter: • At deploy time • At migrate time (Live Partition Mobility) • At restart time (Remote Restart Operation) – If a VLAN is not needed anymore PowerVC removes the VLAN from the Shared Ethernet Adapter: • Same conditions as above (deploy, migrate, restart) • PowerVC can create Virtual Ethernet Adapters and add it in the Shared Ethernet adapters if needed • PowerVC can remove Virtual Ethernet Adapter from the Shared Ethernet Adapter Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 5
  • 6. PowerVC Network Management : Forget your conventions • Don’t prepare a slot numbering convention as PowerVC can add or remove the Virtual Ethernet Adapters • Advice: Do not create SEA with more than two VEA. Automatically added by PowerVC (PVID 4094) No custom buffers on this interface Output of lsseas korn shell script (https://github.com/chmod666org/lsseas) Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 6
  • 7. PowerVC network management : SEA buffers • Using the chdef way: # chdef -a min_buf_tiny=4096 -c adapter –s vdevice –t IBM,l-lan # chdef -a max_buf_tiny=4096 -c adapter –s vdevice –t IBM,l-lan Same for min_buf_small=4096 max_buf_small=4096 min_buf_medium=512 max_buf_medium=512 min_buf_large=128 max_buf_large=128 min_buf_huge=128 max_buf_huge=128 • Using the Virtual I/O servers rules ( >= 2.2.4): # rules -o modify -t adapter/vdevice/IBM,l-lan -a min_buf_tiny=4096 # rules -o modify -t adapter/vdevice/IBM,l-lan -a max_buf_tiny=4096 # rules –o list [..] adapter/vdevice/IBM,l-lan max_buf_tiny 4096 adapter/vdevice/IBM,l-lan min_buf_tiny 4096 # rules –o diff –s # rules –o deploy [1] Warning #7 (0590-206 A manual post-operation is required for the changes to take effect): Please reboot the system # shutdown -force -restart Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 7
  • 8. Disabling vlan addition/removal (automated_powervm_vlan_cleanup) • PowerVC 1.2.3.1/2 bug: PowerVC forget to keep at least two VEA for Shared Ethernet Adapter in sharing mode • Some customers wants to disable this feature: – Keep their numbering convention – Avoiding removal of the next to last VEA • Using openstack-config: # openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT automated_powervm_vlan_cleanup False # openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova-828642A_10D6D5T.conf DEFAULT automated_powervm_vlan_cleanup False • Modifying nova.conf : # grep automated_powervm_vlan_cleanup /etc/nova/nova.conf automated_powervm_vlan_cleanup = False # grep automated_powervm_vlan_cleanup /etc/nova/nova- 9117MMD_659C5FF.conf automated_powervm_vlan_cleanup = False Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 8
  • 9. Disabling vlan addition/removal (automated_powervm_vlan_cleanup) • Any configuration files modification = RESTART POWERVC # powervc-services restart Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 9
  • 10. VLANs: be careful when adding new hosts! • Adding a host on PowerVC does not automatically set which SEA will be utilized for a particular VLAN. • When adding a host, be carefull modifying all your existing VLAN to match the SEA configuration ! • PowerVC will use the first founded one ! • This can result in propagating a VLAN in the wrong network vswitch (deploy, LPM errors) Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 10
  • 11. Zoning: How many zones will be created • Number of zones created depends of: – Storage connectivity group (easy to understand) • NPIV Fabric Access Requirement. • VIOS Redundency for volume Connectivity – Storage Templates: • Use all available WWPNs for attachement (very very important option) ( next slide) This will decide how many ports will be zoned on your storage array Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 11
  • 12. Zoning: ÂŤ Use all available WWPNs Âť (SVC) • Option not checked – Both nodes will be zoned but not for each WWPNs – One zone per WWPN – For instance 4 NPIV adapters = 4 zones – No spof / Multi fabric – Warning on the SVC Best practice on AIX: Use 4 or 8 paths, exceptionally 16 (too much paths can result in huge performance issues) Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 12
  • 13. Zoning: ÂŤ Use all available WWPNs Âť (SVC) • Option checked – Both nodes will be zoned for each WWPNs – Many zones per WWPN – All SVC available ports will be zoned – No spof / Multi fabric – Too many zones ? Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 13
  • 14. Zoning: FE Ports spreading • By using a algorithm based on: – The number of ports that can be zoned – The name of the Virtual Machines • PowerVC will spread the zoning on each available ports: Virtual Machine 1 Virtual Machine 2 • In version <= 1.2.3.2 PowerVC just use the four first ports available on the SVC. • Ask for patch, open a PMR to get it. Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 14
  • 15. Storage: Good to know • Machines with no storage templates (adopt using ÂŤ manage existing Âť button): – Use the default storage template (depending on the storage provider) – When you’ll add a new LUN (from a different storage template) it adds new zones to an existing VM • Be very careful when creating VMs: – PowerVC can create new zones on a existing VM but can not remove a part of this zones (ie. all zones will be deleted at the VM deletion, but you can’t remove zones if you made a mistake when choosing a storage connectivity group or a storage template). – If you notice that you choose the wrong storage template for a VM you can add a new lun in the new storage template and all the existing lun will use the new zones (just cfgmgr). Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 15
  • 16. Openstack data-source used by PowerVC 1/4 1. The user enter ip address, the hostname, … in the GUI 2. A iso image is created on the PowerVC host (glance is doing that) 3. This iso is transfered on one of the Virtual I/O Server (POST rest api) 4. By using Virtual Optic devices the iso is attached to the virtual machine 5. The machine is created 6. cloud-init or activation engine is mounting and reading the virtual cdrom and can use the information entered in the PowerVC GUI to setup the Virtual Machine PowerVC server User VM creation IP, hostname, activation input …. - IP - hostname - ae - …. VIOS1 VIOS2 Loadbalanced (to be verified) mount Cloud-init/ae 1 2 3 4 5 6 Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 16 Created VM
  • 17. Openstack data-source used by PowerVC 2/4 • For each Virtual Machines created PowerVC create a vscsi adapter used for the virtual optic data source • This adapter can be removed by the user if he wants to. This one will not be utilized anymore after the VM creation • Be careful with VIOS rootvg size (be sure to have enough space in /var to copy the iso, had issue when moving on P8 boot on san VIOS) • What’s inside this iso ? # lsrep Name File Size Optical Access vopt_754df319e3f14cbc979011e2360fc723 1 None ro # ls –l /var/vio/VMLibrary | grep vopt -r--r----- 1 root system 425984 Aug 3 12:36 vopt_754df319e3f14cbc979011e2360fc723 # loopmount -i vopt_754df319e3f14cbc979011e2360fc723 -l loop0 -o "-V cdrfs -o ro" -m /mnt Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 17
  • 18. Openstack data-source used by PowerVC 3/4 • Network configuration (cloud-init format/debian style): # cat /mnt/openstack/content/0000 # Injected by Nova on instance boot [..] auto lo iface lo inet loopback auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 10.10.10.11 hwaddress ether fa:34:9b:4c:fb:20 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 10.10.10.254 pre-up [ $(ifconfig eth0 | grep -o -E '([[:xdigit:]]{1,2}:){5}[[:xdigit:]]{1,2}') = "fa:34:9b:4c:fb:20" ] gateway 10.10.10.254 dns-nameservers 8.8.8.8 8.8.8.9 dns-search lab.chmod666.org Yes ! Cloud-init use the debian style interface format. Don’t worry it’s his job to translate it for AIX (mktcpip) Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 18
  • 19. Openstack data-source used by PowerVC 4/4 • User data (user-data): # cat /mnt/openstack/latest/user_data runcmd: - root_home=$(grep ^root /etc/passwd | awk -F ':' '{print $6}') ; echo 'ssh-dss AAAABBBBCCCC[…]'>> ${root_home}/.ssh/authorized_keys - mount deckard:/export/nim/postinstall /mnt - /mnt/postintall.ksh - /mnt/install_was.ksh - /mnt/install_jre.ksh Running post-install scripts Adding an ssh key This was a Websphere VM Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 19
  • 20. The PVID topic 1/4 • To capture the Virtual Machines PowerVC is using: – Snapshot (Shared Storage Pools) – Flashcopies (SVC, Storwise) • To create a new Virtual Machines PowerVC is using these Snapshots/Flashcopies – After the deployments your VM will have the same PVIDs for both rootvg and datavg – This is not an issue! But some customers may want to change this (for instance storage billing can be based on PVID … or stuff like that) # for i in $(cat myvms) ; do echo "==$i==" ; ssh -q $i "lspv | grep -E "rootvg|appsvg"" ; done ==rachael== hdisk0 00c30e8e42c879b9 rootvg active hdisk1 00c30e8e42d0aae5 appsvg active ==tyrell== hdisk0 00c30e8e42c879b9 rootvg active hdisk1 00c30e8e42d0aae5 appsvg active Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 20
  • 21. The PVID topic 2/4 • Solution for the rootvg • Did you know changing the sys0 ÂŤ ghostdev Âť to 2 and rebooting the VM change rootvg PVID ! • After rebooting the lpar ghostdev attribute will automatically be reset to 0, and rootvg PVID will be changed • Documentation about ghostdev : https://www- 01.ibm.com/support/knowledgecenter/#!/ssw_aix_61/com.ibm. aix.osdevice/change_pvid_vgid.htm • AIX 6.1/7.1/7.2 # lsattr -El sys0 -a ghostdev ghostdev 0 Recreate ODM devices on system change / modify PVID True # chdev -l sys0 -a ghostdev=2 sys0 changed # lsattr -El sys0 -a ghostdev ghostdev 2 Recreate ODM devices on system change / modify PVID True Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 21
  • 22. The PVID topic 3/4 • Solution for other VG, use the ÂŤ recreatevg Âť command to change all the PVIDs of a volume group • cloud-init shell solution Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 22
  • 23. The PVID topic 4/4 • cloud-init cloud-config solution : Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 23
  • 24. cloud-init 1/5 • Cloud-init needs a lot of prerequistes. There is a script doing the job for you (https://github.com/transt/cloud-init- 0.7.5/blob/master/cloudinst.sh) # cloudinst.sh • You need an access to internet to run the script. If you don’t have any internet access, install it by hand. (rpm) # rpm -ivh --nodeps gettext-0.17-8.aix6.1.ppc.rpm [..] gettext ################################################## # for rpm in bzip2-1.0.6-2.aix6.1.ppc.rpm db-4.8.24-4.aix6.1.ppc.rpm expat-2.1.0-1.aix6.1.ppc.rpm gmp- 5.1.3-1.aix6.1.ppc.rpm libffi-3.0.11-1.aix6.1.ppc.rpm openssl-1.0.1g-1.aix6.1.ppc.rpm zlib-1.2.5- 6.aix6.1.ppc.rpm gdbm-1.10-1.aix6.1.ppc.rpm libiconv-1.14-1.aix6.1.ppc.rpm bash-4.2-9.aix6.1.ppc.rpm info- 5.0-2.aix6.1.ppc.rpm readline-6.2-3.aix6.1.ppc.rpm ncurses-5.9-3.aix6.1.ppc.rpm sqlite-3.7.15.2- 2.aix6.1.ppc.rpm python-2.7.6-1.aix6.1.ppc.rpm python-2.7.6-1.aix6.1.ppc.rpm python-devel-2.7.6- 1.aix6.1.ppc.rpm python-xml-0.8.4-1.aix6.1.ppc.rpm python-boto-2.34.0-1.aix6.1.noarch.rpm python-argparse- 1.2.1-1.aix6.1.noarch.rpm python-cheetah-2.4.4-2.aix6.1.ppc.rpm python-configobj-5.0.5-1.aix6.1.noarch.rpm python-jsonpointer-1.0.c1ec3df-1.aix6.1.noarch.rpm python-jsonpatch-1.8-1.aix6.1.noarch.rpm python-oauth- 1.0.1-1.aix6.1.noarch.rpm python-pyserial-2.7-1.aix6.1.ppc.rpm python-prettytable-0.7.2-1.aix6.1.noarch.rpm python-requests-2.4.3-1.aix6.1.noarch.rpm libyaml-0.1.4-1.aix6.1.ppc.rpm python-setuptools-0.9.8- 2.aix6.1.noarch.rpm fdupes-1.51-1.aix5.1.ppc.rpm ; do rpm -ivh $rpm ;done [..] python-oauth ################################################## python-pyserial ################################################## python-prettytable ################################################## python-requests ################################################## libyaml ################################################## Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 24
  • 25. cloud-init 2/5 • The documentation is aweful (https://cloudinit.readthedocs.org/en/latest/) • Configuration file is located in /opt/freeware/etc/cloud.cfg • For debugging purposes you may want to re-run cloudinit by hand, delete somes files before re-running cloud-init: # rm –rf /opt/freeware/var/lib/cloud/instances/* • Default logs file located in: – /var/log/cloud-init-output.log – /var/log/cloud-init.log • User data file located in /opt/freeware/var/lib/cloud/instances/<XXX>/user-data.txt #cloud-config runcmd: - mount nim:/export/nim/postinstall /mnt - /mnt/install_oracle.ksh - export LIBPATH=/usr/lib ; /mnt/script_install_was.ksh Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 25
  • 26. Cloud-init 3/5 • Step 1 (local): cd is loaded, ip, hostname are set. • Step 2 (init): All init modules are launched (rmc, bootlist, vg) • Step 3 (config): All config modules are launched (mounts, chef run, runcmd) • Step 4 (final) : All final modules are launched (phone_home, messages, shutdown) Come join me in my session about Chef on AIX (intermediate/expert) Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 26
  • 27. cloud-init 4/5 • Files: write_files: - path: /tmp/cloud-init-started content: | cloud-init was started on this server permissions: '0755' - path: /var/log/cloud-init-sub.log content: | starting chef logging permissions: '0755' final_message: "The system is up, cloud-init is finished" Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 27
  • 28. cloud-init 5/5 • Power_state: power_state: delay: "+5" mode: poweroff message: cloud-init mandatory reboot for sddpcm timeout: 5 • chef: chef: force_install: false server_url: "https://cserver.chmod666.org/organizations/chmod666" validation_name: "chmod666-validator" validation_key: | -----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY----- -----END RSA PRIVATE KEY----- run_list: - "role[aix7]" Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 28
  • 29. Ghostdev ? Clouddev ? 1/2 • The problem: – When a new machine is created, its rootvg was cloned. To remove the old devices and wipe the ODM the activation is taking care of the ghostdev/clouddev attribute (it’s a sys0 attribute) • If you are using the activation engine: – ghostdev is set to 1, after activation, ghostdev is automatically set back to 0 – It works on all versions of AIX. • If you are using cloud-init: – If you are using AIX >= 7100-03-05 or >=6100-09-05 • Clouddev is set to 1, after rebooting, clouddev is automatically set back to 0 – If you are using another version of AIX • Ghostdev is set to 1, but after rebooting, ghostdev is not automatically set back to 0 • Set manually (or using the activation input) ghostdev to 1 • If you forget to do that any remote restart operation will result in an ODM wipe. • All AIX versions (6.1/7.1) will be supported in the next release of PowerVC Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 29
  • 30. Ghostdev / Clouddev 2/2 • clouddev is using a flag is the nvram to check if the ODM needs to be wiped or not # errpt | more IDENTIFIER TIMESTAMP T C RESOURCE_NAME DESCRIPTION CB4A951F 0803171015 I S SRC SOFTWARE PROGRAM ERROR D872C399 0803171015 I O sys0 Partition ID changed and devices recreat • cloud-init on unsupported os: # cloud-config runcmd: - chdev –l sys0 –a ghostdev=0 Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 30
  • 31. Using openstack command on PowerVC 1/2 • As PowerVC is based on Openstack, there is a way to use the openstack commands on the PowerVC host. • Create a powervcrc file: # cat powervcrc export OS_USERNAME=root export OS_PASSWORD=mypasswd export OS_TENANT_NAME=ibm-default export OS_AUTH_URL=https://powervc.lab.chmod666.org:5000/v3/ export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3 export OS_CACERT=/etc/pki/tls/certs/powervc.crt export OS_REGION_NAME=RegionOne export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default powervc root password powervc url • Source it: # source powervcrc • You can now use openstack commands: # nova list +--------------------------------------+-----------------------+--------+------------+-------------+------------------------+ | ID | Name | Status | Task State | Power State | Networks | +--------------------------------------+-----------------------+--------+------------+-------------+------------------------+ | 394ab4d4-729e-44c7-a4d0-57bf2c121902 | deckard | ACTIVE | - | Running | vlan666=10.16.66.60 | | cd53fb69-0530-451b-88de-557e86a2e238 | priss | ACTIVE | - | Running | vlan666=10.16.66.61 | | 64a3b1f8-8120-4388-9d64-6243d237aa44 | rachael | ACTIVE | - | Running | | | 2679e3bd-a2fb-4a43-b817-b56ead26852d | batty | ACTIVE | - | Running | | | 5fdfff7c-fea0-431a-b99b-fe20c49e6cfd | tyrel | ACTIVE | - | Running | | +--------------------------------------+-----------------------+--------+------------+-------------+------------------------+ Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 31
  • 32. Using openstack commands on PowerVC • Reboot a machine: # nova reboot deckard • Migrate a machine (lpm): # nova live-migration deckard 828641A_YYYYYY • List hosts: # nova hypervisor list +----+---------------------+-------+---------+ | ID | Hypervisor hostname | State | Status | +----+---------------------+-------+---------+ | 21 | 828641A_XXXXXXX | up | enabled | | 23 | 828641A_YYYYYYY | up | enabled | +----+---------------------+-------+---------+ • Maintenance mode: # nova maintenance-enable --migrate active-only --target-host 828641A_XXXXXX 828641A_YYYYYYY • Create a machine: # nova create --image 7100-03-04-cic2-chef --flavor powervm.tiny --nic net-id=5fae84a7-b463-4a1a-b4dd- 9ab24cdb66b5,v4-fixed-ip=10.16.66.51 novacreated • WARNING : No PowerVC extension with openstack cmd ! Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 32
  • 33. PowerVC Lun order • To remove a rootvg lun from a Virtual Machine this one needs to be in ÂŤ position Âť 2. (not 1) • For instance when I’m moving a new machine to PowerVC (from an old host) I’m creating a VM with PowerVC (for profiles,zoning, …). Then I’m mapping ÂŤ old Âť luns to this machine Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 33
  • 34. Rest API 1/2 • The best way to scripts things on PowerVC is to use the rest API • I warn you: for a system administrator using a rest API can be (at the begining) difficult • My advise is to use Python (json trees can be treated as dict) • I’ve created a few example of how to use the PowerVC rest API : – pvcgrowlun: growing a existing lun (https://github.com/chmod666org/pvcmd/blob/master/pvcgrowlun) – pvcmkvm: creating a Virtual machine with the rest API (https://github.com/chmod666org/pvcmd/blob/master/pvcmkvm) # pvcgrowlun -v multi-vol-bf697dfa-0000003a-828641A_21AFF8V-data-1 -s 84 -p powervc.lab.chmod666.org -u root -P mypassword # cat myvm name:myvm ip_address:10.10.10.2 vlan:vlan666 image:aix7100-03-05-chef storage_connectivity_group:npiv_4ports virtual_processor:1 entitled_capacity:0.1 memory:8192 storage_template:svc # pvcmkvm -f myvm -p powervc.lab.chmod666.org -u root -P mypassword Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 34
  • 35. Rest API 2/2 • The most difficult part with rest API is to find the json body you need to create • My advice is to test every calls to the API with RESTClient (firefox plugin) • Check json body with firefox firebug (example with network creation): Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 35
  • 36. Copying images between storage providers • When you have a lot of different storage providers (in my case I have three different SVC) you have to synchronize your images between each one. • Step 1: Zone all your storage provider on a host • Step 2: Map your OS Image lun on this host (from the source Storage Provider) • Step 3: Map a new lun (from the desitnation Storage Provider) • Step 4: Use dd to copy the data from on lun to one another. (note the block size) – /dev/mapper/mpathe -> lun of the OS Image (source Storage Provider) – /dev/mapper/mpathc -> new lun (destination Storage Provider) # dd if=/dev/mapper/mpathe of=/data/download/aix7100-03-04-cloudinit-chef bs=4M # dd if=/data/download/aix7100-03-04-cloudinit-chef of=/dev/mapper/mpathc bs=4M • Step 5: Import the new image on PowerVC – Manage the new lun with ÂŤ Manage Existing Âť # powervc-volume-image-import --name rhel64 --os rhel --volume volume_capture2 --activation- type ae Password: Image creation complete for image id: e3a4ece1-c0cd-4d44-b197-4bbbc2984a34 Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 36
  • 37. Linked clones 1/2 • PowerVC is the only way to created ÂŤ linked clone Âť VM • You need to have a Shared Storage Pool as a storage provider. How does it work: – Step 1: The captured rootvg underlying disk is a Shared Storage Pool Logical Unit. – Step 2: When the image is captured the rootvg Logical Unit is copied and is known as a “Logical (Client Image) Unit”. – Step 3: When deploying a new machine a snapshot is created from the Logical (Client Image) Unit. – Step 4: A “special Logical Unit” is created from the snapshot. This Logical Unit seems to be a pointer to the snapshot. We call it a clone. – Step 5:The machine is booted and the activation engine is running and reconfiguring the network – Step 6:When a block is modified on the new machine this one is duplicated and modified on one new block on the Shared Storage Pool. – Step7: This said if no blocks are modified all the machines created from this capture are sharing the same blocks on the Shared Storage Pool. – Step 8: Only modified blocks are not shared between Linked Clones. The more things you will change on your rootvg the more space you will use on the Shared Storage Pool. – Step 9:That’s why these machines are called Linked Clones : they all are connected by the same source Logical Unit. – Step 10:You will save TIME (just a snapshot creation for the storage side) and SPACE (all rootvg will be shared by all the deployed machines) by using Linked Clones. Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 37
  • 38. Linked clones 2/2 Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 38
  • 39. Debugging PowerVC • Best things to do is to check logs: – All openstack logs are located in /var/log • Nova • Cinder • … • Things I’ve learned by experience: – Check VIOS rootvg /var space (PowerVC need space in /var) – PowerVC needs responsive VIOS. By this I mean if some commands are too long to answer, PowerVC will consider this VIOS as busy and will try a new one. (And indicate it may be an RMC problem in the log) – In the Virtual I/O Server check the logs located in /home/ios/logs • viosvc.log • viod_CM.log (if you have .FATAL files you can check them to find the issue) Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 39
  • 40. Backup/Restore strategy • My advice: – Create two Linux hosts (on different sites) – Install PowerVC at the same level on each hosts – If you update one PowerVC update the backup too – On the production one run weekly backups: – Copy this backup on a third host or backup it with TSM – If you have an outtage of the first PowerVC restore the configuration on the second one # crontab –l 0 0 * * 6 rm -rf /var/opt/ibm/powervc/backups/* ; /opt/ibm/powervc/bin/powervc- backup --targetDir /var/opt/ibm/powervc/backups --noPrompt # powervc-restore --targetDir /var/opt/ibm/powervc/backups/ Continuing with this operation will stop all PowerVC services and overwrite critical PowerVC data in both the database and the file system. Do you want to continue? (y/N):y PowerVC services stopped. [..] Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 40
  • 41. Dynamic Resource Optimizer 1/2 • Had the chance to participate in the beta test program • DRO is checking host utilization and optimize (rebalance) the placement of Virtual Machine, or of CPU: – By using Live Partition Mobility – By using Power Entreprise Pool (mobiles cores) • DRO can by run in: – Active mode: VM will be moved, cores will be moved. – Advise mode: DRO will advise you in the logs • Specific machines, host, or host group can be excluded from DRO. • For the moment DRO is the checking the CPU usage: – Criteria : Threshold, stabilization, run interval Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 41
  • 42. Dynamic resource Optimizer 2/2 Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 42
  • 43. Redbook & resources • My blog posts about PowerVC : http://chmod666.org/index.php/tag/powervc/ • Redbook: http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/redpieces/pdfs/sg248199.pdf • Linked-in PowerVC group: https://www.linkedin.com/grp/home?gid=6610502 • PowerVC DW Wiki (best place for documentation): https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/community/wikis/home?l ang=en_us • Twitter: – @IBMPowerVC Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 43
  • 44. Thank you ! Special thanks to (for their support or help) - All the PowerVC team in Austin (Joe, Christine, Sam, Gerald) - Jay Kruemcke @chromeaix @cloudrancher - Philippe Hermes @phhermes - Nigel Griffiths @mr_nmon / Gareth Coates @power_gaz - Chris Gibson @cgibbo - Rosa Davidson @radavids1 - Eddie Shvartsman Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 44
  • 45. Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 Continue growing your IBM skills ibm.com/training provides a comprehensive portfolio of skills and career accelerators that are designed to meet all your training needs. • Training in cities local to you - where and when you need it, and in the format you want – Use IBM Training Search to locate public training classes near to you with our five Global Training Providers – Private training is also available with our Global Training Providers • Demanding a high standard of quality – view the paths to success – Browse Training Paths and Certifications to find the course that is right for you • If you can’t find the training that is right for you with our Global Training Providers, we can help. – Contact IBM Training at dpmc@us.ibm.com Global Skills Initiative Š Copyright IBM Corporation 2015 45

Notas do Editor

  1. 1
  2. I’m also creating tools that can be useful for you, this includes an nmon grapher called nmon2graphite. One off my very popular tool is called lsseas. This one show details about the SEAS I had the chance to participate in the writing of the lastest Redbook about PowerVC. This one is very complete and useful if you are a expert or a PowerVC beginner have a look on it !
  3. My experience from the field after using PowerVC during one year since the very first release (I’m today using it in production) 1 – We will talk about how PowerVC is managing the Virtual I/O Server and particularly the Sharded Ethernet Adapters , you’ll see in this section that there a couple of things that are not so obvious and that needs to be clarified 2 – Same story for storage management, here I’ll only talk about what I really now. I’m using Storage Volume controller with San brocades switches and there are a couple of things to know on how configuration and using the Storage in PowerVC 3 – We will here details how the activation is working. You don’t need to know that to use powervc but it can be useful to know how it really works and what PowerVC is doing at the activation time 4 – I discover a couple of interesting things while using PowerVC, one of this thing is how disks PVID are managed 5 – As cloud it will be the official activation engine for AIX I’ll try here to give you some details on how it works and how to configure it (the documentation on the official website has a lot of missing things)
  4. 5
  5. Many customers have a slot numbering convention. In a PowerVC environment this slot numbering convention can’t be maintain. One the image below (which is an output of the tool lsseas showing details about Shared Ethernet Adapter) you can see that this SEA was created with four VEA, a fifth one was added automatically be PowerVC But what about buffer (as far as I know almost all customers change the SEA VEA buffer size)
  6. As PowerVC is creating the Virtual Ethernet Adapter used by SEA for you, this one are created with default attributes Prepare you Virtual I/O Servers before managing them with PowerVC On the example on the screen you can see that you can use the chdef (I said chdef not chdev) to change the default value of the attributes of the Virtual Ethernet Adapters. This is also applicable to any other devices (vscsi adapter, virtual fibre channel adapters and so on). In the next version of the Virtual I/O Servers you can also use the rules. Rules is a new command that allow you to define how adapters are created, but is also checking that this attributes are ok after during the life of the Virtual I/O Server. Just run a rules –o diff and rules dash o deploy to check the attribute
  7. I assume that most of you are using Shared Ethernet Adapter in sharing mode. Unfortunatly in the current version of PowerVC there is a bug. When PowerVC is removing the last vlan of a VEA it also remove the adapter if this one is not needed anymore). In the case of an SEA in sharing this one needs to have at least two VEA available to work …. And PowerVC keep at least only on VEA (if you reboot the virtual I/O Server at this the the sea will be in Define state) and you’ll have to correct this by hand There is a way to disable this feature to keep the vlan on the Shared Ethernet adapter and to keep each VEA even if there is no vlan on it) Restart PowerVC after doing this
  8. Reminder any configuration of nova configuration (nova.conf and nova.conf for each host) require a reboot of the PowerVC services.
  9. When you add a vlan on PowerVC you have to tell each SEA will be used (you can have differents seas for different network zones). So be carefull : - At vlan creation - When adding host (I’m today using more than three hundred vlan, so when adding one host I need to check all my already define vlan to tell which sea will be used for which vlan). - I have a script to automate this action (ask me if you want it)
  10. Let’s now start with storage tips and tricks. I’ll talk here about a full NPIV environement I have analyzed how PowerVC is creating zone and it’s not so simple to understand. The first thing is pretty easy is that obviously PowerVC will create at least one zone per Virtual fibre channel adapter. So if you choose dual per vios with two Virtual I/O server you’ll have at least four zones If you choose single per vios with two virtual I/O server you’ll have at least two zones This setting are in the configuration of the connectivity group There is also one hidden option in the Storage template this one is called “ use all available WWPNs for attachement”. We will check in the next slide what is doing this option
  11. We will study the case of an SVC with two node and one I/O group (but same thing apply to other storage array) If you do no check the option : The redundancy will be ok as each node will be zoned You’ll only have one zone per WPPNs There is not spot and you’ll be in a multi fabric environment But you’ll get some warning on the SVC side (on the to have an ok state a wwpns must be zone on both SVC node), this is what we see on the image on the right One WWPNS = One zone = One node
  12. If you check the option you’ll be surprise …. Or you will be surprised iff you have a lot of front end port available on you storage array or on you SVC. On the image below a SVC with 10 FE port is represented on the image PowerVC will create zone on all the port and on all the node So for one wwpns 5 ports fabric A on node A 5 ports fabric A on node B EQUAL ten zones per wwpns ! I am asking myself who is doing that. Maybe some customer have svc or san array with just 4 ports. It is usefull only if you don’t have too many ports available. If you are checking this option on a san array with a lot of front end ports …. You can have huge performance issue. I made the mistake myself and the result was that VM where create with sixteen or even worse thrity two paths. Check this option only if you exactly what it is doing on you storage array.
  13. When you don’t check this option. PowerVC is spreading the zone on each available front end ports by using an internal algorithm. I don’t have all the details but the PowerVC developpement team told me that from end port will be choose depending on the number of available ports and depending on the name of the virtual machine. Today PowerVC is just using the first four available ports on the SVC. You can ask for a patch to use the others available ports
  14. A few points to know about storage. 1 – If you are managing existing machines new luns will be automatically set in the default storage templates. 2 – If you are adding lun in a different storage template PowerVC will create the zones needed for this storage template at the time of creating this lun 3 – Be very very careful when creating VM, you can be stuck if you choose the wrong Storage template by this I mean: - If the storage template you are choosing is creating two many zone you can’t change it. The VM will be stuck forever in this storage templates 4 – On the other side if you choose a storage template that is not creating enough zone you can add a lun in another storage template and zones will be created at this time (all the existing lun will use the new zones created).
  15. What we call the datasource is the input the activation engine is using to configure the Virtual Machine at boot time Both cloud-init and VSAE are taking this input to configure the Virtual Machine at the activation time This is done by using Virtual I/O Server virtual optic devices