There are benefits and disadvantages to both closed and open-ended questions in survey design. Closed questions with limited response options can be easily quantified and compared, but may lack validity by restricting respondent answers. Open-ended questions allow for greater response freedom and validity, but responses are more difficult to categorize and compare. Effective question design must consider issues like question wording, interviewer bias, and whether responses accurately reflect respondent behaviors and understandings.

1. Designing a survey Issues to consider