1. High Quality, High Capacity and
Cost Effective Wireless Broadband
LTE World Summit 2012
23rd- 24th May 2012, Barcelona
NEC Europe
Prof. Shahram G Niri
Director of Global LTE/SAE Strategy & Solution

2. Towards Future Mobile Broadband
 More mobile broadband users
Service
 More connected devices, smartphones,
PDAs, enabled laptops & M2M
 More services and applications, social NW,
m commerce, internet mobility
 More bandwidth hungry applications, video
centric
 Subscribers more than ever demanding
Capacity
 User satisfaction more than ever important
Mobile traffic likely to increase (1000 fold
every 10 years)
Revenue flattens Traffi
c
Cost
Networks to improve in intelligence, flexibility, Gap
Revenue
automation, resilience, efficiency, capacity, speed,
and latency YET at lower delivery cost Time
Page 2 © NEC Corporation 2012

3. Small Cells - Big Capacity and Cost Effective
8000
Petabytes
Up to 32 times (2010-2015), Up to 1000 times (2010-2020)
7000
Per Month The volume of the capacity increase and the speed of
50%CAGR
x32 upgrade are key challenges
6000
A continuous challenge to stay ahead of traffic increase
5000 100% CAGR
4000
3000
Off-load will be one of the solutions help to cope with
capacity demand
x10
2000  Frequency reuse a key to keep up with exponential
1000 increase of traffic in the future with limited spectrum
0
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Small Cells Solutions - Femto to Micro
Architecture & Pico/Micro
Technical Topology Femto
Advances
Off- 4
Loads ~ X1000
More 3 X3
Spectrum > X10
2 X1.5
Home Enterprise / Hot
1 X2
Zone Hot Spots Zone
Page 3 3
Page © NEC Corporation 2012

4. LTE Small Cell & Het-Net
Heterogeneous network
LTE Coverage Layer
Coverage Layer (lower frequency) +
2G/3G
Capacity Layer (higher frequency and
small cells)
Small Cell benefits include:
 Big capacity
LTE Capacity Layer  High performance
 Easier operation
 Faster deployment
Outdoor
LTE pico/micro >1W  Low TCO
LTE pico/micro
< 5W  New services
 Additional revenue
Enterprise Residential Public
Challenges include:
 Interference
Indoor
< 1W  Resource management
 Multi vendor SON & management
 Backhaul
Femtocell/WiFi Femtocell/WiFi
Femtocell
 Mind Set Change!
The small cell solutions will be key element of a sustainable
mobile broadband business
Page 4 © NEC Corporation 2012

5. Performance, Small Cells
VS
Macro ISD=500m 3-sectors Micro ISD=200m 3.3x capacity”
Dense Urban
Macro Micro
Tx power 40W 8W
Antenna Height 30 meters 10 meters
Spectrum 2.6GHz (10MHz) 2.6GHz (10MHz)
Sectorization 3-sectors OMNI
2x faster!
3.3x capacity
3.3x higher system throughput
2x faster average user data rate @ 100Mbps/km2
Far better cell edge/indoor performance
Page 5 © NEC Corporation 2012

6. Performance, Small Cells in Het-Net
Macro only Het-Net: Small cell & Macro
(Up to Micro/Macro ratio =10 )
Macro eNB
3 Sector Macro Cell
Micro eNB Micro Cell
1 Sector (Omni)
System Throughput User Data Rate CAPEX and OPEX for Similar Capacity
1 1 1.0 1
0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8
Downlink
Uplink 4x 9x CAPEX
0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6
Downlink OPEX
6x 7x 4x
0.4 0.4 0.4
Uplink
0.4
0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
0 0 0.0 0
Macro Only Micro/Macro Micro/Macro Micro/Macro Macro Only Micro/Macro Micro/Macro Micro/Macro Macro Only Micro/Macro Micro/Macro Micro/Macro
ratio =2 ratio =5 ratio =10 ratio =2 ratio =5 ratio =10 ratio =2 ratio =5 ratio =10
up to 6-7 times system throughput up to 4 times downlink and 9 times up to 75% less CAPEX compared to
increased by Het-Net uplink user data rate improvement traditional Macro only approach
Page 6 © NEC Corporation 2012

7. SON & Het-Net
Future Het-Net outlook: e.g. Europe
Het-Net Building Blocks
SON
Server
LTE Coverage Layer Multiple Multiple tx
Management
800MHz/1800MHz/2600MHz technologies power
System
LTE Capacity Layer
EPC Multiple form
Small Cells 1800MHz/2600MHz/3500MHz Multi-vendor
factors
GW
Multiple
SON Spectrum
Configuration
Server
Het-Net Challenges
Interference Macro cells and small cells at the same frequency
Macro cells and small cells at different frequencies
Radio Resource HO, Load Balancing & Mobility Management
Management
All small cells (Femto & Pico/Micro) connected to GW
Architecture Femto only connected to Femto GW – Pico/Micro connected directly to ePC
Coordination & SON: Centralised, Distributed, Hybrid
Management  Multi vendor SON
Page 7 © NEC Corporation 2012

8. Multi-Vendor SON in Het-Net
 Het-Net is a new term for 3GPP HCS
 Het-Net is mainly used when there are two different RATs -> LTE Macro + LET small cell is not really a Het-Net
 3GPP addresses most of the challenges in phases, Rel.9,10 and 11
 Coordination in Het-Net is needed but the level of coordination depends on scenarios
 The SON architecture flavour, i.e. distributed, centralised or hybrid, varies between vendors
 Availability & openness of X2 and N-Int are important factor and will lead to different solutions by each vendor
Macro vendor’s Hybrid Architecture
NMS  SON functions are placed at the best suited
position for each use case
Macro Itf-N
EMS NEC’s
NEC EMS
SON  NEC’s eNB executes SON-related
Server measurements and short-term parameter
updates, such as load balancing
X2
 NEC’s SON server executes statistical
Macro eNB X2 analysis, long-term parameter updates and
provide interwork function with other vendor’s
NM-level SON over Itf-N
Page 8 © NEC Corporation 2012

9. Multi-Vendor SON in Het-Net
Interference Management: Cell Optimization
 CCO, eICIC, ICIC (if X2 available)
Resource Management:
 Speed based HO, Enhanced Scheduler,
Advanced QoS provisioning, Energy Saving, …
Multi-Vendor SON in Het-Net
Different Solutions depending on scenarios Interfered Mobile
 Option 1: Macro-cell provides SON-related
standardised information via X2
Various Options
 Option 2: Macro-cell provides SON-related
standardised information via O&M SON Option 1: Option 2: Option 3
Features X2 OAM NEC
 Option 3: if the information could not be obtained PCI TS 36.423 TS 32.762
from macro vendors, a set of NEC specific
eNB and S1, …
ANR NA NA
Info from UE,
algorithms used- measurements or statistics
MRO TS 36.423 TS 32.425
collected from NEC’s eNB or UEs.
MLB TS 36.423 TS 32.425
CCO TS 36.423 TS 32.425
Page 9 © NEC Corporation 2012

10. NEC LTE Small Cell Solution Tool Box
MB-4300 eNB(REC+RE) LTE Femto-cells
• Small form factor, light weight
• High capacity and performance •Indoor / Outdoor deployment
• Compact: 10L/10 Kg •Residential, Enterprise, Public
• Zero foot print, wall/poll mount •Zero Touch, Plug&Play
• Fan less and air-cooling •Lightweight, Wall/Ceiling/Desk mounted
• Green & low power consumption •Multiple frequencies support
• Carrier grade quality and reliability •SON managed
• SON managed/ Het-Net adaptation •Connected to EPC via GW
• Scalable OMC • Various TX power options
• Electrical and Optical backhaul
interface
iPASOLINK SX Multivendor SON for Het-Net
• Short-reach high capacity packet
• Pole solution , No footprint, Plug & Play • Full set of SON Implementation under
flexible hybrid SON architecture
• All-outdoor with integrated antenna
• Fully integrated SON features:
• Lightweight design (3L/3kg) COC/CCO/ANR/MRO/MLB
• Utilises ‘zero-cost’ spectrum • Multi-vendor SON solution based on
• Unique SW feature usage between iPASOLINK standardised information and NEC’s
SX and eNB unique algorithms
• Enables nodal aggregation and ring & mesh • Flexible management system to adapt
topologies the multi-vendor environment based on
operator’s requirements
Page 10 © NEC Corporation 2012

11. Concluding Remarks
 The capacity crunch and spectrum shortage are both real
 The small cell solution will provide significant capacity, rapidly and at low cost
 Need small cells in a Het-Net environment with a more intelligent, automated, resilient and
efficient SON system
 The small cells deployment is a paradigm shift and operators need to rethink their Models
 Different approach to deployment Macro-cell Vs Small Cell mainly with regard to
 Backhaul, operation and management, cost, …
 Move away from macro: small cell ratio calculation in the cost analysis -> Cost: Mbs/Hz/Km²
 Cost analysis will be different if Macro LTE and small cell is carried out in isolation
 The site options, backhaul, regulation and cost needs to be carefully taken into account
 The Multi-Vendor SON for Het-Net is more of an IOT and vendor’s willingness to cooperate
 A mind set change is needed
Page 11 © NEC Corporation 2012