Study of Insect antennae

1. Snehal Arun Mane
Dept. of Entomology

2. 
The adult insect possess a pair of
antennae

It bears from the 2 nd segment of
head

Antennae function almost exclusively
in sensory perception.

Antennae are articulated with in front
between the compound eyes

3. Antennal
suture
Antennifer
Pedicel
Scape
Flagellum
Antennal
socket
Antennal
sclerite
Structure of Antenna

4.  Scape
 Pedicel
 Flagellum

5. 
It is first segment or basal or
proximal segment of antennae are
articulate to the head capsule.

It is often conspicuously longer than
the other segments.

6. 
It is second segment that follows scape.

Specialised sensory organ known as
Johnson’s organ situated on pedicel with
insect can hear the sound.

In honey bee, wasps pedicel forms the
pivot between scape and flagellum.

7. 
It is third division formed by a single
or many segments

Flagellum is further divided into three
parts,
 Ring joints: It is basal segment of
flagellum are small and ring like form.
 Club: It is swollen or enlarged distal
segments of the antenna.
 Funicle: segments between ring joints
and club.

8.  Antennae function almost exclusively in
sensory perception.
 To serve as secondary sexual characters in
male Lepidoptera and male mosquito.
 To find it’s way.
 To detect the danger.
 To find the food.
 To find the opposite sex.
 To communicate with each other e.g. Ants.

9.  It bear olfactory organs ( smell) e.g.
Housefly
 It bears chordotonal organs (sound
hearing) e.g. Male Mosquito.
 To detect humidity
 To hold the opposite sex at the time
of mating.
 To catch the prey e.g. Mantids.

10.  Antennae are modified according to
functions

11.  Filiform antennae have a thread-like
shape.
Examples: Ground beetles (order Coleoptera), Grasshopper (order Orthoptera).

12.  Setaceous antennae have a bristle-like
shape.
Examples: Dragonflies and damselflies (order Odonata) cockroach (Dyctioptera).

13. Dragon fly

14. 
Moniliform have a beadlike shape or necklace
Examples: Termites (order Isoptera).
Coptotermes formosanus

15.  Capitate antennae are abruptly clubbed at
the end.
Examples: Butterflies
(order Lepidoptera).
Painted beauty butterfly,
Vanessa virginiensis

16. Butterfly

17. 
Clavate antennae are gradually clubbed at
the end.
Examples: Carrion beetles
(order Coleoptera).

18.  Lamellate or clubbed antennae end in
nested plates.
Examples: Scarab beetles
(order Coleoptera).
Rose chafer,
Macrodactylus subspinosus

19. 
Serrate antennae have a saw-toothed shape.
Examples: Click beetles
(order Coleoptera).

20.  M
Prof. S.A.Patil, A.C.Kolhapur
Mango stem borer

21.  Pectinate antennae have a comb-like shape.
Examples: Fire flies
(order Coleoptera).

22.  Geniculate antennae are hinged or bent
like an elbow.
Order Hymenoptera:
Bumble bee, Bombus sp.
Order Hymenoptera:
Carpenter ant,
Camponotus sp.,

23. Ant

24.  Bipectinate antennae have a feather-like
shape.
Examples: Moths
(order Lepidoptera)

25. Plumose antennae have a feather-like shape.
Example
Order Diptera
Mosquito male Culex sp.

26. Male mosquito

27. Female Mosquito

28.  Aristate antennae are pouch-like with a
lateral bristle.
Examples: House flies
(order Diptera).
Arista
Order Diptera:
House fly, Musca domestica

29.  Stylate antennae are three segmented.
 Tip of the antennae bears long bristle is
known as style.

30. Prof. S.A.Patil, A.C.Kolhapur