1. The document is a presentation by Solena Group on their bioenergy technology platform. 2. Solena has developed a plasma gasification technology that can convert biomass into a clean syngas, and can be used in their bioenergy plants to generate electricity or liquid transportation fuels. 3. Solena's bioenergy platform includes biopower plants that use the syngas to power gas turbines for electricity, and biojet fuel plants that convert syngas into biofuels via Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. They also have a carbon sequestration program using algae to absorb CO2 from plant operations.

1. CONFIDENTIAL
Solena Group
Sylvain Motycka, MS, MEng
Director, Technology
USAID – USEA WORKSHOP: RENEWABLE ENERGY
TECHNOLOGY OVERVIEW – BIOENERGY SYSTEMS
September 01st, 2009
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2. CONFIDENTIAL
Summary
1. Solena Technology
2. Solena BioEnergy Platform
1. Bio Power plants
2. Bio Jet Fuel plants
3. Solena CO2 Sequestration Program
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3. CONFIDENTIAL
Solena Group
1. Technology
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4. CONFIDENTIAL
1 Energy Contained in Biomass Fuels
• Biomass / Organic residues are composed of
hydrocarbons, and as such, contain energy.
• Biomass fuels are characterized by their
proximate and ultimate analyses, as well as
their heating content (HHV & LHV):
• Proximate: Moisture, Volatile (given at
960 ° Fixed-Carbon, and Inert
C),
• Ultimate: C, H, O, N, S, Cl
• HHV & LHV = f (C, H, O, N, S, Inert)
1 kg of biomass = 4000 kcal = 16.8 MJ
1 tonne per hour = approx. 5 MW
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5. CONFIDENTIAL
1 Thermal Conversion Technologies
Stoichiometric Ratio Low Efficiency
CO2 + H2O
High Emissions
Incineration Flue gas
Combustion Thermal
energy
High efficiency
Low emissions
CO + H2
Gasification Thermal Plasma
Gasification Gasification Syngas
Thermal +
Chemical
energies
Externally-heated
Pyrolysis pyrolysis Plasma
Pyrolysis
Low Efficiency
Low Emissions
External Flame Plasma
Temp
Ash/solid slag Molten slag
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6. CONFIDENTIAL
1 Thermal Conversion Technologies
End-Product By Product Emissions
Incineration / Hot flue gas Bottom Ashes Particulates, NOx,
Boiler (500° C) Fly Ashes SOx, dioxins /
furans
Ext. heated Oil ultimately Char and Syngas Particles
Pyrolysis upgraded into that contains soot Low emissions
diesel / gasoline and tar
Plasma Pyrolysis Oil ultimately Char and Syngas Particles
(better efficiency than upgraded into that contains soot Low emissions
ext. heated pyrolysis) diesel / gasoline and tar
Solena Plasma Syngas Fuel Inert Slag Low emissions
Gasification (1100 ° to
C)
produce electricity,
biofuel, etc.
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7. CONFIDENTIAL
1 Innovative Patented Technology
Solena Plasma Technology
• Plasma technology: 5,000 °C
• O2 deprived environment: No combustion
• Residence time in plenum > 2 seconds
• Solena’s process is fuel flexible.
• I&C to control operations and reach steady state
• Independent variables to control the Gasification process.
• Conclusion: Solena BioSynGas characteristics:
• HHV = 300 BTU/scf (1/3rd Nat Gas)
• High CO & H2 concentration (> 90% vol.)
• Absence of SOx, NOx, CxHy, dioxins, furans
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8. CONFIDENTIAL
1 Innovative Patented Technology
Solena has developed and patented a thermal gasification technology
• Solena’s plasma gasification vitrification
(SPGV) technology is designed to be a
cost effective and technically efficient
atmospheric thermal gasification process
• Converts any biomass into a clean, high
calorific BioSynGas
• Inorganic compounds are melted into an
inert, non-toxic vitrified slag
• Average production of 2,000 kWh of
electricity produced per ton of biomass
processed(1) (2)
• Developed by Solena team members over
10+ year period
(1) Source: Solena; assumes mixed (RDF, wood waste and forestry)
8 feedstock containing 4,000 kcal/ kilo
(2) Compared to 500 kWh per ton of biomass by means of traditional incineration

9. CONFIDENTIAL
SOLENA Group
2. Process
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10. CONFIDENTIAL
2. Solena BioEnergy Platform
Solena’s platform is a complete bioenergy and CO2 harvesting platform which
can produce electricity or liquid transportation fuels
Waste
CHP
Solena BioSynGas
Biomass
BioPower
Solena Complete
Algae SPGV and IPGCC System
CO2
Exclusive Algae to Gasification JV BioJetFuel/SJ-8
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11. CONFIDENTIAL
Solena’
2. Solena’s Process
Solena’s SPGV island is a core, proprietary technology which can be used in
multiple, end-to-end solutions
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12. CONFIDENTIAL
2.1 BioPower Plants
Syngas
Syngas Cleaning
Syngas Cooling
& Conditioning
Conditioned
Syngas
Raw SynGas
Wet Biomass
Gas Turbine
Drying System Dry Biomass
Exhaust
Steam
Coke & Lime Solena Gas
Plasma Heat Recovery Power
(*)
Oxygen / Nitrogen Gasifier Steam Generator
Steam (Parasitic
Plasma Torches Load)
Steam Turbine
Slag Combined Cycle
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13. CONFIDENTIAL
2.1 BioPower Plants
Solena’s SPGV island produces BioSynGas which can be used to power
traditional gas-fired electric turbines
• BioPower Plants utilize BioSynGas to
generate electricity via standard industrial
gas turbines (GE MS5001 CC)
• 20 tonnes / hour of RDF to generate 42 MW
• 3 tonnes / hour of RDF to generate 6 MW
• Syngas treatment / cleaning system
• Combustion Gas Turbine + Combined Cycle
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14. CONFIDENTIAL
2.2 BioJetFuel Plants
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15. CONFIDENTIAL
2.2 BioJetFuel Plants
• BioJetFuel Plants utilize BioSynGas to
produce JP8/SJ8 Fuel via standard
industrial Fischer Tropsch
• 60 tph of feedstock to produce 1800
barrels per day of Bio Jet Fuel and 20
MW net
• 3 x Solena Plasma Gasification Reactor
• Syngas treatment /cleaning system
• 1 Fischer Tropsch reactor
• 1 MS5001 Gas Turbine + CC
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16. CONFIDENTIAL
Solena Group
3. CO2 Sequestration
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17. CONFIDENTIAL
3. CO2 Sequestration
Strategic JV Solena - BFS for Gasification of highly calorific algae
• Partnership with Bio Fuel Systems, S.L.
• Complete Sequestration of Exhaust gas from GT including CO2
& NOx
• Closed Loop Production by Photosynthesis of Phyto-Plankton
Species
• Biomass w/ 5500-6500 kcal/kg:
– 35-40% Triglycerides Oils, 35-40% Hydrocarbon, depending on the
algae species
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18. CONFIDENTIAL
3. CO2 Sequestration
Solena-BFS BioJetFuel Production
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19. CONFIDENTIAL
3. CO2 Sequestration
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20. CONFIDENTIAL
3. CO2 Sequestration
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21. CONFIDENTIAL
3. CO2 Sequestration
Solena BFS Production
• High Calorific Value = 6000 – 6500 kcal/kg
• Algae Bioreactor can produce 1 ton of dry
algae from 1.8 ton of CO2
• BioPower
• 1 Ha (2.47 acres) of Solena BioFuel plant • 28 tph of CO2
produces 10,500 tpy of algae VS 10 tpy of • Power generated 42 MW
crop (straw).
• BioJetFuel
• Production of algae from CO2 entirely • 90 tph of CO2
controlled within Bio-Electromagnetic • FT Reactor produces 1800 bpd
Accelerators • Power generated: 20 MW net to export
• No competition with Food Market
• Solena BioFuel Process acts a carbon sink
• Carbon credits
• CO2 sequestration
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22. CONFIDENTIAL
Solena Group, Inc
smotycka@solenagroup.com
Thank you
September 01st, 2009
USAID – USEA WORKSHOP: RENEWABLE ENERGY
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