2. INTRO
Adult stem cells can be found in many
organs and tissues such as the brain, bone
marrow, peripheral blood, blood vessels,
skeletal muscle, skin, teeth, heart, gut, liver,
ovarian epithelium, and testis.
Adult stem cells have been harvested since
the 1960s to treat diseases like leukemia.
3. HOW DO WE IDENTIFY ASC’S?
Scientists label the cells in a living tissue with
molecular markers and then determine the
specialized cell types they generate.
Scientists remove the cells from a living
animal, label them in cell culture, and
transplant them back into another animal to
determine whether the cells replace their
tissue of origin.
4. HARVESTING
Begins with a donor providing blood that is
matched with a suitable patient with the
same blood type.
Before a peripheral stem cell transplant, the
donor is given a drug such as
Neupogen, which when taken days prior to
the transplant, forces stem cells out of bone
marrow and into the bloodstream.
5. APHERESIS
A medical technology where the blood of a
donor or patient is passed through a
centrifuge that separates one particular
constituent and returns the remainder into
circulation.
7. STEM CELL TRANSPLANTS(CANCER)
Autologous transplant:
After bone marrow is
destroyed(chemo/radiation), the patient is given
back their own stem cells.
Allogeneic transplant:
The patient receives blood-forming stem cells
from a donor of the same blood type. Donor stem
cells can be taken from multiple bone marrow
samples, but are mainly taken from
peripheral(circulating) blood by apheresis.
-Mostly used on younger patients.
8. STEM CELL TRANSPLANTS
Non-myeloablative transplant:
-aka mini-transplant or reduced-intensity transplant
-type of allogeneic transplant, uses less radiation
-does not completely destroy cells in bone marrow
-after chemo/radiation, the patient receives the
donor stem cells, the cells then establish a new
immune system
-the new immune cells see leukemia cells as
foreign and attack them, this is know as a graft-
versus-leukemia effect
