Z Score,T Score, Percential Rank and Box Plot Graph
Scholarly Communication
1. Scholarly Communication
& the Impact of the Institutional Repository
September 21, 2018 Sherry Tinerella, Arkansas Tech, Interdisciplinary Research Series
3. 19th Century
1814 steam powered cylinder increased the speed of publishing – illustration: Wikipedia
• Technology improved
• Morrill Act
• Public Education H.E.
• Increase in Research
5. University presses & learned
societies turning work over to
commercial publishers ->
1979 American Council of
Learned Societies –shout out to
stakeholders to be mindful of
what’s going on.
1980s- First discussions
about electronic publishing
(Fjallbrant)
1960s 1970s 1980s
7. 1986 – 2003
215% price increase in journal
fees while consumer price index
rose only 68% (Albert)
2011
Elsevier – the biggest academic-
journal publisher
$1.2 billion profit
Profit margins of 37%
(greater than Google or Apple)
By the Numbers
Research libraries spent 2.7 times
more for serials in
1998 to 1999 than in
1985 – 1986 for 6% less titles
(Albert)
2008
STM segment 19 billion
Top 10 publishers = 43% of the
revenue
North America 60% of market
(McGuigan G.S. & Russell)
10. Scholarly Publishing Crisis – Unsustainable
• Steadily increasing costs – All disciplines
• 11.3% annually since 1963 (1997)
• 83% increase between 1990 - 1995
• Declining or stagnant budgets
• Serials 58% of budget in ARL libraries
Library involvement
• Cut titles
• Form consortia for better pricing
• Formation of the Scholarly Publishing &
Academic Resources Coalition (SPARC)
(Tinerella, 1999)
1990s – The Crisis in Scholarly Publishing
11. Image credit: Dave Simonds The Economist (2012)
https://www.economist.com/leaders/2012/04/14/open-sesame
Open the Gates
12. Open Access
• 1991 with arXiv – e-print
service – sciences
Coalition for
Networked
Information
• 1990 founded by ARL &
Educause – promote digital
information technology to
advance scholarship
SPARC
• 1998
formed by
ARL open
advocacy
13. Action by Groups of Librarians
• Promote open access
• Advocate through legislation
• Open Education Resources
• Track big deal cancelations
• Alternative business models
14.
15. Meanwhile…
A whole lot of shakin’ goin’ on
Innovations Everywhere:
• Web-based sharing
• Copyright
• Business models
• Academic libraries
• Hacks
19. Things to Think About
How does this information affect you?
Do you want to be part of the change?
How can your librarian assist you?
http://libguides.atu.edu/scholarlycommunication
Notas do Editor
Oral documentation
hand-written
Wood block printing
15th century Gutenberg’s printing press
Letters, books, newspapers
Anagrams and deposit account
17th century
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society - 1665
1st peer-reviewed scientific journal
18th century
Learned societies publications
Commercially produced journals
Expanding in quantity
1814 steam powered cylinder increased the speed of publishing (Fjällbrant)
Image wikimedia 1st american contribution
19th century various improvements to printing technologyv
– Morrill Act land-grant for higher ed
Centralizing public education
More researcher, more publishing, more divisions
Quality concern
1933 ARL resolution based on Medical L. A. measure to Not subscribe to journals that practice certain pricing models
1950s In the meantime – European publishing flourishing
Post Sputnik – forming of the NSF – increased support and funding for research
Following European publishing trends
Universities let go of disseminating it their findings
1960s key time to have prevented publishing – increase in commercial publishing in the acquisition of top quaity journals
1979 Learned societies – call for mindfulness of stakeholders
60’s was the time to nip this.
1986 – 2003 215% price increase in journal fees (AJE)
Scholarly publishing crisis
Library involvement
Sparc
Vince article
Ala involvement
Open access
Progress
Impact of ir
1993 – 2009 from – to over 180,000
Research Gate – Academia.edu
SciHub pirates
Twitter #icanhazpdf illegal
New models for big publishers APC, still making more money
Companies to assist with publishing
Predatory publishers profitable industry rampant in parts of Asia
Copyright model creative commons
Collection development
Interlibrary loan – use in collection development
Librarianship – data management, scholarly communications, digital, etc.