Catalan educational system
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Catalan educational system
- 1. The Catalan Educational System Subdirecció General de Llengua i Plurilingüisme Ministry of Education of Catalonia
- 3. The area of Catalonia: 32.000 km² DENMARK 43.000 km2 CATALONI A 32.000 km2 BELGI UM 31.000 km2 ESTONI A 45.000 km2 ROGALAND 9.147 km2 THE NETHERLANDS 41.000 km2
- 4. Administrative Framework • Population: 7.134.206 inhabitants • 15.96% of the Spanish population • 946 municipalities • 41 comarques or regions • 4 provinces: Girona, Lleida, Tarragona and Barcelona Catalan language
- 5. Catalan language in Europe
- 6. Use of language in family relationships and in the community 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 Family 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 Friends 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 Neighbours 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 Work mates 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 School mates Only Catalan More Catalan than Spanish Both More Spanish than Catalan Only Spanish Other
- 7. Nursery0-3 years old Educational Levels Pre-school3-6 years old Primary6-12 years old Secondary12-16 years old Lifelong Learning+18…. years old Post Secondary16-18 years old University Professional training +18... years old University IES CEIP Llar
- 8. Types of schools • State schools (Public) • Grant-aided private schools (Subvention) • Independent private schools (Private) School system
- 10. 0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 35000 40000 45000 50000 EINF-EPRI ESO-BAT SP. NEEDS Public Private Total Number of Teachers: 90.373
- 11. 11 Background: Political and social context Democracy and Autonomy: 1975 & 1979 • Political action: Linguistic Normalisation Law (1983); Language Policy Law (1998) • School language policies with Catalan Immersion at school. • Huge teacher training and modernisation Post-war social conflict (1939-1975): • Internal Spanish immigration • Monolingual school: Spanish • Foreign languages at school: Latin, •Greek, French http://goo.gl/yu9qQ
- 12. 12 First step: Catalan, language of schooling Fully endorsed implementation of second language education methodologies In Catalonia, since 1983, an action plan for bilingual education has been implemented to increase learning achievement of both official languages, Catalan and Spanish, as well as, at least, the learning of one foreign language. Applied elsewhere Quebec (Canadà) In some areas of the United States Finland Wales
- 13. 13 2002: New Immigrant wave in Catalonia Only 20 years later
- 14. Data of students newly arriving in Catalonia (origin country) 931 981 1.102 1.216 1.377 1.519 1.847 1.931 1.933 2.491 2.502 2.720 3.371 3.788 5.159 5.806 5.962 6.329 14.073 29.561 0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 Bulgària Veneçuela Regne Unit Itàlia Ucraïna Rússia Brasil Xile Pakistan Uruguai Rep. Dominicana Gàmbia Perú Xina Argentina Colòmbia Bolívia Romania Equador Marroc From: Servei d’Immersoó i Ús de la llengua, 2008
- 15. 15 Present situation: plurilingualism • Political action 2011-2016: Main target: Plurilingualism • Catalan, Spanish, English +… ) Plurilingual school language policies • Compulsory third language: English or French in Primary & Optional German/Italian in Secondary) • Family languages taught in the school, after hours (optional) • Teacher training plans, focussed on Reading, CLIL, ePortfolio... • International immigration: Multilingual society, Plurilingual kids • Plurilingual school: curricular languages at school (Catalan, Spanish, English, French, German, Italian) + languages new citizens
- 16. 16 Several monolingual societies? One plurilingual society? Looking for an educational system
- 17. 17 Catalan educational policies focus on… Inclusion: Consolidating social cohesion with inclusive education, and enriching citizenship in diversity. ESPRONCEDA School Competencies: Providing citizens in new generations with the necessary competencies for employability, sustainability and flexibility to face future unexpected challenges.
- 18. 18 Plurilingualism Framework Linguistic Project Learn and understand Languages of instruction or curricular foreign languages Spanish, English, French, German, Italian Language of schooling Catalan / Occitan Chinese, Arabic, Urdu, Romanian, Tamazight, Ukrainian, Dutch ... Personal itinerary languages
- 19. 20 CatalàCatalà CastellàCastellà Foreign language Foreign language Foreign language Foreign language • Schools with highly linguistic diversity • Schools with most Catalan speaking students but with increasing presence of other languages Fit the linguistic project to each particular situation: Other family languages Other family languages AranèsAranès • Schools with predominance of Spanish speakers Challenges
- 20. Speak Catalan Speak Catalan and Spanish Speak Spanish Speak neither Catalan nor Spanish, But speak other languages Know both official languages (Catalan & Spanish) and communicate, at least, in one foreign language Starting school: On finishing compulsory schooling: The School provides every student the linguistic skills needed to become competent and engaged citizens applying second language methodologies
- 21. Language and Plurilingualism reading, speaking, writing, listening, inter-acting in several languages Dealing with diversity for empowering rights and duties
- 22. 23 Learning several languages develops more competent citizens Plurilingual Knowledge Communication skills Intercultural Dialogue Competencies for a shared future - team working - networking - bridging cultural gaps - flexibility, plural criteria - critical thinking - innovation and entrepreneurship - personal learning autonomy - language learning ability, - mass media competences - creativity, artistic sensitivity - ... … … Knowledge Attitudes Procedures
- 23. The Plurilingual Project: common aims and shared challenges in Europe • Identity building Accepting diversity and cultural difference as collective richness and shared opportunity • Community building Facing immigration and growth with social cohesion and active citizenship • Knowledge building Developing skills for lifelong learning in a global context, and acquiring key competencies relevant to the labour market. Adapted from: Leonard Orban, Commissionate for Multilingual Portfolio, EU
- 24. To help them change the world
Notas do Editor
- La coherència i la continuitat educativa han de ser un continuum en tot el procés d‘aprenentatge i desenvolupament de l’alumnat
- In Catalonia, since 1983, an action plan for bilingual education has been implemented to increase learning achievement of both official languages, Catalan and Spanish, as well as, at least, the learning of one foreign language. That methodology has been widely essayed in different countries. The map only shows a few samples: Canada (French in Quebec), USA (English in areas with strong immigration from Spanish speaking origin), Finland (Finnish in areas with Swedish speaking minorities; Vaasa is a university of reference in this field), Wales (Welsch, United Kingdom), Italy (Friulian or Romansch in Friule). But also: German: South Tirol (in Italy), Alsace (in France). • Irish Gaèlic: in Ireland. • Breton: western Brittany (in France). • Basque: Basque Country, Navarra (in Spain) and North of Euskadi (in France). •Catalan: in Catalonia, Valencia (Valencian strand schools), Balearic Islands (basically in State schools), Catalan speaking area in the South of France ( La Bressola, Arrels and bilingual strands in some state schools), in the infant school La Costura in the Alghero (isle of Sardinia, in Italy) • Occitan: in Occitany (France), Vall d’Aran (Spain).
- Context de l’acollida: es produeix un canvi important en la societat a Catalunya que repercuteix en el sistema escolar de la manera següent: Augmenta la proporció d’alumnat de procedència estrangera Augmenta la diversitat lingüística i cultural (Aquests continguts ja s’han explicat al tema 1. La realitat sociolingüística del nostre alumnat)
- Children arrive in school knowing their family language (whatever that is). Some of them are monolingual. Other pupils are bilingual in catalan and spanish or, in some cases, in other languages. For instance, students born in Pakistan: they usually speak urdu, but they often also know panjabi, patani, even english... The Linguistic Policy Act no. 1/1998 , orders that the catalan education system must assure the right to know both official languages. So, the role of the school is: providing every student the linguistic skills to reach the competence in our two official languages, regardless of their family language, ON FINISHING COMPULSORY SCHOOLING, at 16 (Competence means be able to use correctly and fluently catalan and spanish). In addition to catalan and spanish, students at 16 also must be able to communicate, at least, in one foreign language. In fact, knowing both official languages guarantees equal rights to the citizens in our country. So, teaching in catalan, is not only a way of teaching and learning: we are also talking about equity and social cohesion.