The document discusses three main welding techniques: stick welding, MIG welding, and TIG welding. Stick welding uses an electrode core that acts as the filler material without needing a separate filler. MIG welding uses a continuous wire feed as the electrode and an inert gas mixture as a shield, without requiring a separate filler. TIG welding uses a tungsten electrode with argon gas as a shield, allowing for a smoother weld with reduced cratering and is often used on stainless steel and light metals.

1. Welding Techniques Overview

2. Stick Welding
• MMA = manual metal arc
welding or stick welding
• SMAW = Shielded Metal
Arc Welding
• electrode core itself acts
as filler material, no need
separate filler
• Limited to welding ferrous
materials (special
electrodes for cast iron,
nickel, aluminum, copper,
and other metals)
Stick as electrode and filler

3. Stick Welding (2)

4. MIG
• MIG = Metal Inert Gas
• GMAW = Gas Metal Arc
Welding
• continuous wire feed as an
electrode and an inert/semi-
inert gas mixture to protect
the weld from
contamination, no need
separate filler
Using shielding
gas

5. MIG (2)
GMAW Circuit diagram. (1) Welding torch, (2)
Workpiece, (3) Power source, (4) Wire feed
unit, (5) Electrode source, (6) Shielding gas
supply.
GMAW torch nozzle cutaway image. (1) Torch
handle, (2) Molded phenolic dielectric (shown in
white) and threaded metal nut insert (yellow), (3)
Shielding gas diffuser, (4) Contact tip, (5) Nozzle
output face

6. TIG
• TIG = Tungsten Inert Gas
• GTAW = Gas Tungsten
Arc Welding
• Tungsten electrode core,
with argon as shielding
gas
• Smoother result and
reduce crater/pinhole
• can be used on nearly all
weldable metals, most
often applied to stainless
steel and light metals

7. TIG (2)