Karen Enciso; Mauricio Sotelo; Michael Peters; Stefan Burkart
58th Annual Meeting of the Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation, July 10-14, Cartagena, Colombia
Getting Farmers to improve the productivity of ruminants is a key way to improve rural livelihoods and improve food security .Farming systems that are more productive generally reduce enteric methane emissions per unit of animal product
This document summarizes a project to reduce enteric methane emissions from ruminants. Enteric methane from ruminants accounts for 30% of global methane emissions and warming effects. The project will identify and promote cost-effective technologies for farmers to increase productivity and food security while decreasing enteric methane emissions. In Phase 1, the project will analyze opportunities, develop intervention packages, and identify demonstration sites. Phase 2 will test packages on farms and facilitate widespread adoption. The project aims to complement existing efforts and accelerate solutions to benefit farmers and the climate.
The use of Arachis pintoi in cattle systems in Colombia's Orinoquía region as...Tropical Forages Program
Karen Enciso Valencia, Álvaro Rincón Castillo, Alejandro Ruden and Stefan Burkart
58th Annual Meeting of the Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation, July 10-14, Cartagena, Colombia
Towards climate smart livestock systems in Tanzania: assessing opportunities to meet the triple win
Poster presented at the 3rd Global Science Conference on Climate-Smart Agriculture in Montpellier.
Read more: http://ccafs.cgiar.org/3rd-global-science-conference-%E2%80%9Cclimate-smart-agriculture-2015%E2%80%9D#.VRurLUesXX4
Eco-Intensification - the science of organic farming: A guide to climate resi...IFOAM
Organic farming practices like increasing soil organic matter, recycling nutrients on-farm, and optimizing animal health can help mitigate climate change. Soil management in organic systems builds soil carbon by increasing soil organic matter levels up to 60% on average. This sequesters carbon from the atmosphere. Organic livestock systems also aim to use roughages that don't compete with food production and prioritize animal welfare. Improving animal health, fertility and udder health can boost productivity while lowering emissions per unit of milk. Overall, eco-intensification shows potential climate benefits through increased carbon storage, reduced energy use, and diversified management practices that enhance resilience to climate impacts.
Enhancing Water Productivity in Crop-Livestock Systems of SSA: Minimizing tr...ILRI
Presentation by Tilahun Amede, Katrein Descheemaeker, E. Mapedza et al (IWMI) to the CGIAR Systemwide Livestock Programme Livestock Policy Group Meeting, 1 December 2009
This document outlines an assessment of climate-smart agriculture (CSA). It discusses indicators for measuring CSA's contributions to food security, adaptation, and mitigation. It provides examples of successful CSA projects from FAO and others, including those focusing on improved rice cultivation techniques in Vietnam, drought-tolerant maize varieties in Africa, and livestock insurance programs in Kenya and Ethiopia. The document concludes with instructions for a breakout group exercise to further assess the CSA potential of case studies.
Getting Farmers to improve the productivity of ruminants is a key way to improve rural livelihoods and improve food security .Farming systems that are more productive generally reduce enteric methane emissions per unit of animal product
This document summarizes a project to reduce enteric methane emissions from ruminants. Enteric methane from ruminants accounts for 30% of global methane emissions and warming effects. The project will identify and promote cost-effective technologies for farmers to increase productivity and food security while decreasing enteric methane emissions. In Phase 1, the project will analyze opportunities, develop intervention packages, and identify demonstration sites. Phase 2 will test packages on farms and facilitate widespread adoption. The project aims to complement existing efforts and accelerate solutions to benefit farmers and the climate.
The use of Arachis pintoi in cattle systems in Colombia's Orinoquía region as...Tropical Forages Program
Karen Enciso Valencia, Álvaro Rincón Castillo, Alejandro Ruden and Stefan Burkart
58th Annual Meeting of the Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation, July 10-14, Cartagena, Colombia
Towards climate smart livestock systems in Tanzania: assessing opportunities to meet the triple win
Poster presented at the 3rd Global Science Conference on Climate-Smart Agriculture in Montpellier.
Read more: http://ccafs.cgiar.org/3rd-global-science-conference-%E2%80%9Cclimate-smart-agriculture-2015%E2%80%9D#.VRurLUesXX4
Eco-Intensification - the science of organic farming: A guide to climate resi...IFOAM
Organic farming practices like increasing soil organic matter, recycling nutrients on-farm, and optimizing animal health can help mitigate climate change. Soil management in organic systems builds soil carbon by increasing soil organic matter levels up to 60% on average. This sequesters carbon from the atmosphere. Organic livestock systems also aim to use roughages that don't compete with food production and prioritize animal welfare. Improving animal health, fertility and udder health can boost productivity while lowering emissions per unit of milk. Overall, eco-intensification shows potential climate benefits through increased carbon storage, reduced energy use, and diversified management practices that enhance resilience to climate impacts.
Enhancing Water Productivity in Crop-Livestock Systems of SSA: Minimizing tr...ILRI
Presentation by Tilahun Amede, Katrein Descheemaeker, E. Mapedza et al (IWMI) to the CGIAR Systemwide Livestock Programme Livestock Policy Group Meeting, 1 December 2009
This document outlines an assessment of climate-smart agriculture (CSA). It discusses indicators for measuring CSA's contributions to food security, adaptation, and mitigation. It provides examples of successful CSA projects from FAO and others, including those focusing on improved rice cultivation techniques in Vietnam, drought-tolerant maize varieties in Africa, and livestock insurance programs in Kenya and Ethiopia. The document concludes with instructions for a breakout group exercise to further assess the CSA potential of case studies.
DRM Webinar III: Benefits of farm-level disaster risk reduction practices in ...FAO
Over the past decade, economic damages resulting from natural hazards have amounted to USD 1.5 trillion caused by geophysical hazards such as earthquakes, tsunamis and landslides, as well as hydro-meteorological hazards, including storms, floods, droughts and wild fires. Climate-related disasters, in particular, are increasing worldwide and expected to intensify with climate change. They disproportionately affect food insecure, poor people – over 75 percent of whom derive their livelihoods from agriculture. Agricultural livelihoods can only be protected from multiple hazards if adequate disaster risk reduction and management efforts are strengthened within and across sectors, anchored in the context-specific needs of local livelihoods systems.
This series of three webinars on Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRR/M) in agriculture is organized to:
1. Discuss the new opportunities and pressing challenges in reducing and managing disaster risk in agriculture;
2. Learn and share experiences about disaster risk reduction and management good practices based on concrete examples from the field; discuss how to create evidence and conditions for upscaling of good practices; and
3. Exchange experiences and knowledge with partners around resilience to natural hazards and climate-related disasters.
This webinar covered:
• measuring the benefits of farm-level disaster risk reduction practices in agriculture – approaches, methods and findings from FAO’s preliminary study;
• a case study from Uganda on how the agricultural practices for disaster risk reduction were implemented and monitored at farm level; and
• perspective from the Philippines on the challenges and opportunities to upscale the agriculture good practices for disaster risk reduction at national level.
This document discusses sustainable land management for organic farms. It covers types of farming structures like agricultural and livestock farms. Key aspects of land management are addressed, including acquisition, distribution, registration and use planning. Developing a strategic business plan is also emphasized. Maintaining environmental, economic and social sustainability is the goal.
This document discusses the potential for organic agricultural systems to mitigate and adapt to climate change. Key points include:
1) Organic agriculture has potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions through careful nutrient management and reduced nitrous oxide emissions from soils, as well as carbon sequestration in soils.
2) Estimates indicate organic agriculture could reduce agricultural greenhouse gas emissions by 20% through abstaining from mineral fertilizers and sequester carbon to compensate for 40-72% of current annual agricultural emissions.
3) Organic systems also have strong potential to build resilient food systems through diversification and building soil fertility, providing alternatives to energy-intensive inputs that may become limited due to rising energy prices.
Options of making livestock production in West Africa “climate-smart”ILRI
Presented by Amole Tunde and Augustine Ayantunde at the 7th All Africa Conference on Animal Agriculture, Accra International Conference Centre, Ghana, 29 July–2 August 2019
This document summarizes a study analyzing the feasibility of converting beef cattle farms in Extremadura, Spain to organic production systems. 30 conventional beef cattle farms in the Dehesa agroforestry region were evaluated. The farms were found to have low scores on a Global Conversion Index, indicating significant changes would be needed before initiating an organic conversion. Specifically, the farms scored poorly in areas of health management and agroecosystem management. However, farms were close to organic standards for animal rearing and welfare. The study aims to establish measures to ease the conversion process and increase the chances of farm success after converting to more sustainable production systems.
Can agricultural biotechnologies address the challenges of climate change. li...ExternalEvents
- The document discusses the impacts of climate change on agriculture and agriculture on climate change, and whether agricultural biotechnologies can address climate change challenges.
- It analyzes drought tolerance in genetically engineered, marker-assisted selection bred, and organic/ecological crops. Genetically engineered maize provides a 6% yield advantage under drought, while marker-assisted varieties yield 30% more. Organic corn yields were 31% higher than conventional in drought years.
- The document concludes that diversified agroecological systems are more productive and resilient than industrial agriculture under climate change. A paradigm shift toward biodiverse, agroecological farming is needed to meet social, economic and environmental goals sustainably.
Around 70% of producers (farmers, tribals on forest land etc.) population in India comes under the category of small (19%) and marginal (51%) farmers. These categories of farmers have land holding of around 1 hectare and implementing existing policies to allot Govt. land to them (Booklet no. 434, Agricultural situation in India: ASIS-6). This population is mostly, poor, hungry, malnourished, illiterate, isolated, deep in debt, having lost their knowledge to follow their agro-ecology, having fallen into global investment in the market oriented development research, with extension focused on adapting and converting to high cost, high risk green revolution/Biotechnologies systems. This is the cause of their distress and the agrarian crisis in India. So, if we want our agriculture to again contribute significantly to the development and growth by becoming sustainable in the long term, we need to assist/facilitate by meeting the needs of the producer community so that they once again follow their producer oriented, low cost, low risk, agro ecology, primarily to meet their nutrition, food and cash requirements as this is the target population (mostly women and youth) that has capabilities and if given proper resources to develop their capacities
One hectare feasibility study with forwardRitesh Karnik
This document outlines a plan for smallholder farmers with approximately 1 hectare of land to implement agroecology practices. It discusses the benefits of agroecology such as producing own inputs, access to nutritious crops, soil health improvement, and climate change adaptation. The plan includes trenches and ponds for water management, live fencing, intercropping various crops, and mixed tree plantations. Case studies show high yields and productivity using these methods on small plots of land. The goal is for small farmers to sustainably meet family food, nutrition, and income needs from 1 hectare through agroecology.
Brief On Sustainable Agriculture Precious FinalDavidAndersson
Sustainable agriculture aims to address issues with conventional agriculture like persistent poverty, hunger, and environmental damage. It involves practices that integrate soil, crop, and livestock production while reducing external inputs and emphasizing techniques adapted to local conditions. Studies show organic and sustainable systems in developing countries can produce higher yields than conventional farms and meet global food demand. However, adoption of sustainable practices remains low due to constraints like lack of information, biomass availability, and unsupportive policies. Recommendations include tailored approaches, market support, institutional strengthening, and research to further understanding and address myths about sustainable agriculture.
Animal nutrition approaches for profitable livestock operations and sustainab...ILRI
Presented by Blümmel, M.1, Garg, M.R.,2 Jones, C.1, Baltenweck, I.1 and Staal, S. at the Indian Animal Nutrition Association XI Biennial Conference, Patna, India, 19-21 November 2018
The document discusses emerging technologies and solutions for mitigating agricultural greenhouse gas emissions, noting that while increasing productivity through best practices can help, more is needed to meet global goals, and recommends further developing technologies like nitrification inhibitors, low-methane feeds and breeding, as well as addressing challenges to adoption, measurement, and building capacity.
This document discusses strategies for agriculture to adapt to climate change impacts and become more climate-smart. It outlines several key strategies:
1. Diversifying crop systems and introducing more resilient varieties to cope with changing conditions and increase productivity.
2. Implementing integrated pest management and reducing hazardous pesticide use to provide sound pest and disease control.
3. Increasing water productivity through improving irrigation systems, developing drought-resistant crops, and switching to higher-value uses to gain more yield from available water.
4. Investing in agricultural science, rural infrastructure, and policies to incentivize environmentally-friendly practices to build resilience and reduce emissions from the sector.
The document summarizes green agricultural production models for rice in Vietnam's Mekong Delta region. It discusses issues like environmental pollution, food safety, and input quality related to traditional agriculture. It then introduces several "green" rice production models implemented in the region, including a flower-planting model that reduces pesticides and a "3 reductions, 3 increases" model. The document compares the profitability and environmental impacts of traditional versus green practices. It concludes that green development requires involvement from both private sector stakeholders and public sector support through policies and services.
Science-fiction or science-fact? Research for sustainable livestock agri-food...ILRI
The keynote presentation discusses the challenges of sustainable livestock agriculture given increasing global demand for livestock products. It notes that metrics around livestock's impacts on nutrition, climate change, and the environment can be confusing due to different perspectives and data. The presentation calls for science-based solutions to address these challenges and ensure sustainable healthy diets for all, including improving production efficiencies, identifying heat-tolerant livestock genetics, and better rangeland management. Livestock research can help clarify evidence, mitigate impacts, and transform agri-food systems to balance food security and environmental protection.
Agriculture in developing countries must undergo a significant transformation in order to meet the related challenges of achieving food security and responding to climate change. Projections based on population growth and food consumption patterns indicate that agricultural production will need to increase by at least 70 percent to meet demands by 2050. Most estimates also indicate that climate change is likely to reduce agricultural productivity, production stability and incomes in some areas that already have high levels of food insecurity. Developing climate-smart agriculture is thus crucial to achieving future food security and climate change goals. This seminar describe an approach to deal with the above issue viz. Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) and also examines some of the key technical, institutional, policy and financial responses required to achieve this transformation. Building on cases from the field, the seminar try to outlines a range of practices, approaches and tools aimed at increase the resilience and productivity of agricultural product systems, while also reducing and removing emissions. A part of the seminar elaborates institutional and policy options available to promote the transition to climate-smart agriculture at the smallholder level. Finally, the paper considers current gaps and makes innovative suggestion regarding the combined use of different sources, financing mechanism and delivery systems.
Harnessing Ecosystem-Based Adaptation Approaches for Improved Resilience2020resilience
1) The document discusses ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA) approaches for improving resilience in Africa and implications for policy.
2) It provides examples from Mozambique, Togo, and Burkina Faso that demonstrate how relatively small investments in ecosystem rehabilitation can significantly increase water access, food security, and livelihood opportunities.
3) The author argues that current food security policies focus too much on agricultural productivity and trade while neglecting the central role of ecosystem management. Effective policies should value ecosystems as productive assets and invest in ecosystem restoration to maintain the supply of wild foods and income sources.
This document provides summaries of three FAO success stories implementing climate-smart agriculture in different regions. In Tanzania, an agroforestry system covering 120,000 hectares on Mount Kilimanjaro's slopes was preserved through introducing coffee and vanilla cash crops and trout aquaculture to increase incomes while maintaining the ecological integrity of the system. In China, a project in Qinghai province aims to restore degraded grasslands through sustainable grazing management to sequester carbon, increase productivity, and improve livelihoods for herding communities.
This document discusses climate smart agriculture (CSA) and outlines its importance, principles, and practices. It defines CSA as an integrated approach that addresses food security and climate change challenges by sustainably supporting agricultural development. The three pillars of CSA are increasing productivity, adapting to climate impacts, and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Some key CSA practices mentioned include intercropping, conservation agriculture, water management structures, agroforestry, and livestock improvements. The document also outlines CSA activities being implemented in Ethiopia, such as watershed management, drought-resistant crops, and apiculture. While CSA provides benefits, the author notes challenges of long drought spells and pastoralist migration due to lack of feed.
Importancia de los stocks de carbono en suelo para fines de inventarios nacio...Tropical Forages Program
Este documento resume la importancia de los stocks de carbono en el suelo para los inventarios nacionales de gases de efecto invernadero en Colombia. Explica que el Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales (IDEAM) es la entidad responsable de elaborar el Inventario Nacional de Gases de Efecto Invernadero (INGEI) de Colombia. Señala que los pastizales representan el 59% de las emisiones totales de GEI en 2018, aunque también proporcionan absorciones significativas de carbono en el suelo
Silvopastoral Systems, working with communities in the Department of Caquetá Tropical Forages Program
Mauricio Sotelo-Cabrera; Juan Cardoso; Alejandro Montoya; Natalia Triana; Juan Gabriel Ortiz; Viviana Rivera; José Luis Urrea; Jacobo Arango
58th Annual Meeting of the Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation, July 10-14, Cartagena, Colombia
Mais conteúdo relacionado
Semelhante a The inclusion of Leucaena diversifolia in Colombian cattle systems: An economic perspective
DRM Webinar III: Benefits of farm-level disaster risk reduction practices in ...FAO
Over the past decade, economic damages resulting from natural hazards have amounted to USD 1.5 trillion caused by geophysical hazards such as earthquakes, tsunamis and landslides, as well as hydro-meteorological hazards, including storms, floods, droughts and wild fires. Climate-related disasters, in particular, are increasing worldwide and expected to intensify with climate change. They disproportionately affect food insecure, poor people – over 75 percent of whom derive their livelihoods from agriculture. Agricultural livelihoods can only be protected from multiple hazards if adequate disaster risk reduction and management efforts are strengthened within and across sectors, anchored in the context-specific needs of local livelihoods systems.
This series of three webinars on Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRR/M) in agriculture is organized to:
1. Discuss the new opportunities and pressing challenges in reducing and managing disaster risk in agriculture;
2. Learn and share experiences about disaster risk reduction and management good practices based on concrete examples from the field; discuss how to create evidence and conditions for upscaling of good practices; and
3. Exchange experiences and knowledge with partners around resilience to natural hazards and climate-related disasters.
This webinar covered:
• measuring the benefits of farm-level disaster risk reduction practices in agriculture – approaches, methods and findings from FAO’s preliminary study;
• a case study from Uganda on how the agricultural practices for disaster risk reduction were implemented and monitored at farm level; and
• perspective from the Philippines on the challenges and opportunities to upscale the agriculture good practices for disaster risk reduction at national level.
This document discusses sustainable land management for organic farms. It covers types of farming structures like agricultural and livestock farms. Key aspects of land management are addressed, including acquisition, distribution, registration and use planning. Developing a strategic business plan is also emphasized. Maintaining environmental, economic and social sustainability is the goal.
This document discusses the potential for organic agricultural systems to mitigate and adapt to climate change. Key points include:
1) Organic agriculture has potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions through careful nutrient management and reduced nitrous oxide emissions from soils, as well as carbon sequestration in soils.
2) Estimates indicate organic agriculture could reduce agricultural greenhouse gas emissions by 20% through abstaining from mineral fertilizers and sequester carbon to compensate for 40-72% of current annual agricultural emissions.
3) Organic systems also have strong potential to build resilient food systems through diversification and building soil fertility, providing alternatives to energy-intensive inputs that may become limited due to rising energy prices.
Options of making livestock production in West Africa “climate-smart”ILRI
Presented by Amole Tunde and Augustine Ayantunde at the 7th All Africa Conference on Animal Agriculture, Accra International Conference Centre, Ghana, 29 July–2 August 2019
This document summarizes a study analyzing the feasibility of converting beef cattle farms in Extremadura, Spain to organic production systems. 30 conventional beef cattle farms in the Dehesa agroforestry region were evaluated. The farms were found to have low scores on a Global Conversion Index, indicating significant changes would be needed before initiating an organic conversion. Specifically, the farms scored poorly in areas of health management and agroecosystem management. However, farms were close to organic standards for animal rearing and welfare. The study aims to establish measures to ease the conversion process and increase the chances of farm success after converting to more sustainable production systems.
Can agricultural biotechnologies address the challenges of climate change. li...ExternalEvents
- The document discusses the impacts of climate change on agriculture and agriculture on climate change, and whether agricultural biotechnologies can address climate change challenges.
- It analyzes drought tolerance in genetically engineered, marker-assisted selection bred, and organic/ecological crops. Genetically engineered maize provides a 6% yield advantage under drought, while marker-assisted varieties yield 30% more. Organic corn yields were 31% higher than conventional in drought years.
- The document concludes that diversified agroecological systems are more productive and resilient than industrial agriculture under climate change. A paradigm shift toward biodiverse, agroecological farming is needed to meet social, economic and environmental goals sustainably.
Around 70% of producers (farmers, tribals on forest land etc.) population in India comes under the category of small (19%) and marginal (51%) farmers. These categories of farmers have land holding of around 1 hectare and implementing existing policies to allot Govt. land to them (Booklet no. 434, Agricultural situation in India: ASIS-6). This population is mostly, poor, hungry, malnourished, illiterate, isolated, deep in debt, having lost their knowledge to follow their agro-ecology, having fallen into global investment in the market oriented development research, with extension focused on adapting and converting to high cost, high risk green revolution/Biotechnologies systems. This is the cause of their distress and the agrarian crisis in India. So, if we want our agriculture to again contribute significantly to the development and growth by becoming sustainable in the long term, we need to assist/facilitate by meeting the needs of the producer community so that they once again follow their producer oriented, low cost, low risk, agro ecology, primarily to meet their nutrition, food and cash requirements as this is the target population (mostly women and youth) that has capabilities and if given proper resources to develop their capacities
One hectare feasibility study with forwardRitesh Karnik
This document outlines a plan for smallholder farmers with approximately 1 hectare of land to implement agroecology practices. It discusses the benefits of agroecology such as producing own inputs, access to nutritious crops, soil health improvement, and climate change adaptation. The plan includes trenches and ponds for water management, live fencing, intercropping various crops, and mixed tree plantations. Case studies show high yields and productivity using these methods on small plots of land. The goal is for small farmers to sustainably meet family food, nutrition, and income needs from 1 hectare through agroecology.
Brief On Sustainable Agriculture Precious FinalDavidAndersson
Sustainable agriculture aims to address issues with conventional agriculture like persistent poverty, hunger, and environmental damage. It involves practices that integrate soil, crop, and livestock production while reducing external inputs and emphasizing techniques adapted to local conditions. Studies show organic and sustainable systems in developing countries can produce higher yields than conventional farms and meet global food demand. However, adoption of sustainable practices remains low due to constraints like lack of information, biomass availability, and unsupportive policies. Recommendations include tailored approaches, market support, institutional strengthening, and research to further understanding and address myths about sustainable agriculture.
Animal nutrition approaches for profitable livestock operations and sustainab...ILRI
Presented by Blümmel, M.1, Garg, M.R.,2 Jones, C.1, Baltenweck, I.1 and Staal, S. at the Indian Animal Nutrition Association XI Biennial Conference, Patna, India, 19-21 November 2018
The document discusses emerging technologies and solutions for mitigating agricultural greenhouse gas emissions, noting that while increasing productivity through best practices can help, more is needed to meet global goals, and recommends further developing technologies like nitrification inhibitors, low-methane feeds and breeding, as well as addressing challenges to adoption, measurement, and building capacity.
This document discusses strategies for agriculture to adapt to climate change impacts and become more climate-smart. It outlines several key strategies:
1. Diversifying crop systems and introducing more resilient varieties to cope with changing conditions and increase productivity.
2. Implementing integrated pest management and reducing hazardous pesticide use to provide sound pest and disease control.
3. Increasing water productivity through improving irrigation systems, developing drought-resistant crops, and switching to higher-value uses to gain more yield from available water.
4. Investing in agricultural science, rural infrastructure, and policies to incentivize environmentally-friendly practices to build resilience and reduce emissions from the sector.
The document summarizes green agricultural production models for rice in Vietnam's Mekong Delta region. It discusses issues like environmental pollution, food safety, and input quality related to traditional agriculture. It then introduces several "green" rice production models implemented in the region, including a flower-planting model that reduces pesticides and a "3 reductions, 3 increases" model. The document compares the profitability and environmental impacts of traditional versus green practices. It concludes that green development requires involvement from both private sector stakeholders and public sector support through policies and services.
Science-fiction or science-fact? Research for sustainable livestock agri-food...ILRI
The keynote presentation discusses the challenges of sustainable livestock agriculture given increasing global demand for livestock products. It notes that metrics around livestock's impacts on nutrition, climate change, and the environment can be confusing due to different perspectives and data. The presentation calls for science-based solutions to address these challenges and ensure sustainable healthy diets for all, including improving production efficiencies, identifying heat-tolerant livestock genetics, and better rangeland management. Livestock research can help clarify evidence, mitigate impacts, and transform agri-food systems to balance food security and environmental protection.
Agriculture in developing countries must undergo a significant transformation in order to meet the related challenges of achieving food security and responding to climate change. Projections based on population growth and food consumption patterns indicate that agricultural production will need to increase by at least 70 percent to meet demands by 2050. Most estimates also indicate that climate change is likely to reduce agricultural productivity, production stability and incomes in some areas that already have high levels of food insecurity. Developing climate-smart agriculture is thus crucial to achieving future food security and climate change goals. This seminar describe an approach to deal with the above issue viz. Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) and also examines some of the key technical, institutional, policy and financial responses required to achieve this transformation. Building on cases from the field, the seminar try to outlines a range of practices, approaches and tools aimed at increase the resilience and productivity of agricultural product systems, while also reducing and removing emissions. A part of the seminar elaborates institutional and policy options available to promote the transition to climate-smart agriculture at the smallholder level. Finally, the paper considers current gaps and makes innovative suggestion regarding the combined use of different sources, financing mechanism and delivery systems.
Harnessing Ecosystem-Based Adaptation Approaches for Improved Resilience2020resilience
1) The document discusses ecosystem-based adaptation (EbA) approaches for improving resilience in Africa and implications for policy.
2) It provides examples from Mozambique, Togo, and Burkina Faso that demonstrate how relatively small investments in ecosystem rehabilitation can significantly increase water access, food security, and livelihood opportunities.
3) The author argues that current food security policies focus too much on agricultural productivity and trade while neglecting the central role of ecosystem management. Effective policies should value ecosystems as productive assets and invest in ecosystem restoration to maintain the supply of wild foods and income sources.
This document provides summaries of three FAO success stories implementing climate-smart agriculture in different regions. In Tanzania, an agroforestry system covering 120,000 hectares on Mount Kilimanjaro's slopes was preserved through introducing coffee and vanilla cash crops and trout aquaculture to increase incomes while maintaining the ecological integrity of the system. In China, a project in Qinghai province aims to restore degraded grasslands through sustainable grazing management to sequester carbon, increase productivity, and improve livelihoods for herding communities.
This document discusses climate smart agriculture (CSA) and outlines its importance, principles, and practices. It defines CSA as an integrated approach that addresses food security and climate change challenges by sustainably supporting agricultural development. The three pillars of CSA are increasing productivity, adapting to climate impacts, and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Some key CSA practices mentioned include intercropping, conservation agriculture, water management structures, agroforestry, and livestock improvements. The document also outlines CSA activities being implemented in Ethiopia, such as watershed management, drought-resistant crops, and apiculture. While CSA provides benefits, the author notes challenges of long drought spells and pastoralist migration due to lack of feed.
Semelhante a The inclusion of Leucaena diversifolia in Colombian cattle systems: An economic perspective (20)
Importancia de los stocks de carbono en suelo para fines de inventarios nacio...Tropical Forages Program
Este documento resume la importancia de los stocks de carbono en el suelo para los inventarios nacionales de gases de efecto invernadero en Colombia. Explica que el Instituto de Hidrología, Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales (IDEAM) es la entidad responsable de elaborar el Inventario Nacional de Gases de Efecto Invernadero (INGEI) de Colombia. Señala que los pastizales representan el 59% de las emisiones totales de GEI en 2018, aunque también proporcionan absorciones significativas de carbono en el suelo
Silvopastoral Systems, working with communities in the Department of Caquetá Tropical Forages Program
Mauricio Sotelo-Cabrera; Juan Cardoso; Alejandro Montoya; Natalia Triana; Juan Gabriel Ortiz; Viviana Rivera; José Luis Urrea; Jacobo Arango
58th Annual Meeting of the Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation, July 10-14, Cartagena, Colombia
Sustainable Beef Labeling in Latin America: Initiatives based on Silvopastora...Tropical Forages Program
Stefan Burkart; Leonardo Moreno; Manuel Francisco Díaz; Natalia Triana
58th Annual Meeting of the Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation, July 10-14, Cartagena, Colombia
Public Policies and Silvo-pastoral Systems in Colombia, Argentina, and Costa ...Tropical Forages Program
Natalia Triana-Ángel; Leonardo Moreno; Manuel Francisco Díaz; Stefan Burkart
58th Annual Meeting of the Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation, July 10-14, Cartagena, Colombia
Soil macrofauna abundance and diversity were analyzed in silvopastoral systems to study the influence of including legumes. Higher macrofauna abundance was found at 1.5m from Leucaena trees compared to areas closer to or further from the trees. Closer to the trees, higher soil compaction was found likely due to animal grazing preferences and search for shade, resulting in less large water-stable aggregates and more physicogenic aggregates. The inclusion of legumes positively impacted soil macrofauna but also showed the importance of evaluating spatial heterogeneity in management for balancing trade-offs.
La Acción de Mitigación Nacionalmente Apropiada (NAMA) de la Ganadería Bovina –la “NAMA bovina”– es una política pública cuyo propósito es orientar la transformación del sector hacia prácticas bajas en carbono, dentro de un contexto integrado de sostenibilidad ambiental, social y económica. La NAMA bovina propone un conjunto de acciones voluntarias, denominadas medidas de mitigación del cambio climático, orientadas a reducir las emisiones
de gases efecto invernadero (GEI), provenientes de la producción ganadera en los predios, a niveles inferiores a los que se tendrían bajo un desarrollo sectorial, sin la introducción de estas medidas. Entre estas acciones, está configurar sistemas productivos ganaderos ricos en vegetación, con la capacidad de absorber y retener carbono y de proveer alimento con un alto contenido de nutrientes.
Con respecto a la financiación e implementación de las medidas de mitigación propuestas, estas se materializarán con la estrecha coordinación de esfuerzos públicos y privados a través de proyectos, políticas y programas del sector bovino que incorporen, en sus objetivos, la mitigación del cambio climático.
Segundo taller “Construcción participativa de la estrategia sectorial de Gana...Tropical Forages Program
En estas memorias se encuentran los resultados del producto de un trabajo colaborativo y participativo al que fueron convocados diversos actores del sistema ganadero doble propósito (cadenas de leche y carne) en Caquetá. En estas reuniones se han discutido las barreras, cuellos de botella y oportunidades de la cadena para crear una visión conjunta de futuro.
Primer taller “Construcción participativa de la estrategia sectorial de Ganad...Tropical Forages Program
Memorias del primer taller “Construcción participativa de la estrategia sectorial de Ganadería en Caquetá”, el cual forma parte del trabajo con enfoque de cadenas de valor que lidera el Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT) en Caquetá y Guaviare, dentro del proyecto multilateral Visión Amazonía.
COVID-19 y el sector ganadero bovino en Colombia: Desarrollos actuales y pote...Tropical Forages Program
Este documento resume los principales impactos y desarrollos de la pandemia de COVID-19 en el sector ganadero bovino en Colombia hasta la fecha. Se han visto afectados los precios de la carne y la leche debido a la devaluación del peso colombiano y los cambios en el comportamiento de los consumidores. Asimismo, se han presentado interrupciones en las cadenas de valor y el comercio de productos cárnicos e insumos. A futuro, será importante fortalecer la resiliencia del sector mediante la intensificación sostenible, la
Como parte fundamental de la transformación de la ganadería bovina en Colombia, la Mesa de Ganadería Sostenible (MGS – Col) presenta una serie de conversatorios que reúnen elementos esenciales para propiciar su sostenibilidad y por ende el mejoramiento de la productividad y logro de la competitividad de la cadena de valor de la carne, la leche y sus derivados, acorde con las expectativas de los mercados y del consumidor final. En ésta oportunidad, de la mano de expertos profesionales reconocidos ampliamente en sus distintas áreas de trabajo, adscritos en su gran mayoría a organizaciones que conforman la MGS – Col, tanto del sector público como privado, nos proponemos llevar a cabo este reto virtual durante las próximas 16 semanas.
El documento presenta tres objetivos generales para la segunda etapa de un proyecto sobre ganadería sostenible en Colombia: 1) presentar resultados preliminares a productores locales para recibir comentarios, 2) profundizar el enfoque de género estudiando una cooperativa de mujeres, y 3) estudiar nuevos casos en otras zonas y tipos de productores para enriquecer el análisis de barreras y oportunidades para la adopción de tecnologías.
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically youngSérgio Sacani
The Milky Way’s (MW) inner stellar halo contains an [Fe/H]-rich component with highly eccentric orbits, often referred to as the
‘last major merger.’ Hypotheses for the origin of this component include Gaia-Sausage/Enceladus (GSE), where the progenitor
collided with the MW proto-disc 8–11 Gyr ago, and the Virgo Radial Merger (VRM), where the progenitor collided with the
MW disc within the last 3 Gyr. These two scenarios make different predictions about observable structure in local phase space,
because the morphology of debris depends on how long it has had to phase mix. The recently identified phase-space folds in Gaia
DR3 have positive caustic velocities, making them fundamentally different than the phase-mixed chevrons found in simulations
at late times. Roughly 20 per cent of the stars in the prograde local stellar halo are associated with the observed caustics. Based
on a simple phase-mixing model, the observed number of caustics are consistent with a merger that occurred 1–2 Gyr ago.
We also compare the observed phase-space distribution to FIRE-2 Latte simulations of GSE-like mergers, using a quantitative
measurement of phase mixing (2D causticality). The observed local phase-space distribution best matches the simulated data
1–2 Gyr after collision, and certainly not later than 3 Gyr. This is further evidence that the progenitor of the ‘last major merger’
did not collide with the MW proto-disc at early times, as is thought for the GSE, but instead collided with the MW disc within
the last few Gyr, consistent with the body of work surrounding the VRM.
ESA/ACT Science Coffee: Diego Blas - Gravitational wave detection with orbita...Advanced-Concepts-Team
Presentation in the Science Coffee of the Advanced Concepts Team of the European Space Agency on the 07.06.2024.
Speaker: Diego Blas (IFAE/ICREA)
Title: Gravitational wave detection with orbital motion of Moon and artificial
Abstract:
In this talk I will describe some recent ideas to find gravitational waves from supermassive black holes or of primordial origin by studying their secular effect on the orbital motion of the Moon or satellites that are laser ranged.
JAMES WEBB STUDY THE MASSIVE BLACK HOLE SEEDSSérgio Sacani
The pathway(s) to seeding the massive black holes (MBHs) that exist at the heart of galaxies in the present and distant Universe remains an unsolved problem. Here we categorise, describe and quantitatively discuss the formation pathways of both light and heavy seeds. We emphasise that the most recent computational models suggest that rather than a bimodal-like mass spectrum between light and heavy seeds with light at one end and heavy at the other that instead a continuum exists. Light seeds being more ubiquitous and the heavier seeds becoming less and less abundant due the rarer environmental conditions required for their formation. We therefore examine the different mechanisms that give rise to different seed mass spectrums. We show how and why the mechanisms that produce the heaviest seeds are also among the rarest events in the Universe and are hence extremely unlikely to be the seeds for the vast majority of the MBH population. We quantify, within the limits of the current large uncertainties in the seeding processes, the expected number densities of the seed mass spectrum. We argue that light seeds must be at least 103 to 105 times more numerous than heavy seeds to explain the MBH population as a whole. Based on our current understanding of the seed population this makes heavy seeds (Mseed > 103 M⊙) a significantly more likely pathway given that heavy seeds have an abundance pattern than is close to and likely in excess of 10−4 compared to light seeds. Finally, we examine the current state-of-the-art in numerical calculations and recent observations and plot a path forward for near-future advances in both domains.
Travis Hills of MN is Making Clean Water Accessible to All Through High Flux ...Travis Hills MN
By harnessing the power of High Flux Vacuum Membrane Distillation, Travis Hills from MN envisions a future where clean and safe drinking water is accessible to all, regardless of geographical location or economic status.
Discovery of An Apparent Red, High-Velocity Type Ia Supernova at 𝐳 = 2.9 wi...Sérgio Sacani
We present the JWST discovery of SN 2023adsy, a transient object located in a host galaxy JADES-GS
+
53.13485
−
27.82088
with a host spectroscopic redshift of
2.903
±
0.007
. The transient was identified in deep James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)/NIRCam imaging from the JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey (JADES) program. Photometric and spectroscopic followup with NIRCam and NIRSpec, respectively, confirm the redshift and yield UV-NIR light-curve, NIR color, and spectroscopic information all consistent with a Type Ia classification. Despite its classification as a likely SN Ia, SN 2023adsy is both fairly red (
�
(
�
−
�
)
∼
0.9
) despite a host galaxy with low-extinction and has a high Ca II velocity (
19
,
000
±
2
,
000
km/s) compared to the general population of SNe Ia. While these characteristics are consistent with some Ca-rich SNe Ia, particularly SN 2016hnk, SN 2023adsy is intrinsically brighter than the low-
�
Ca-rich population. Although such an object is too red for any low-
�
cosmological sample, we apply a fiducial standardization approach to SN 2023adsy and find that the SN 2023adsy luminosity distance measurement is in excellent agreement (
≲
1
�
) with
Λ
CDM. Therefore unlike low-
�
Ca-rich SNe Ia, SN 2023adsy is standardizable and gives no indication that SN Ia standardized luminosities change significantly with redshift. A larger sample of distant SNe Ia is required to determine if SN Ia population characteristics at high-
�
truly diverge from their low-
�
counterparts, and to confirm that standardized luminosities nevertheless remain constant with redshift.
Microbial interaction
Microorganisms interacts with each other and can be physically associated with another organisms in a variety of ways.
One organism can be located on the surface of another organism as an ectobiont or located within another organism as endobiont.
Microbial interaction may be positive such as mutualism, proto-cooperation, commensalism or may be negative such as parasitism, predation or competition
Types of microbial interaction
Positive interaction: mutualism, proto-cooperation, commensalism
Negative interaction: Ammensalism (antagonism), parasitism, predation, competition
I. Mutualism:
It is defined as the relationship in which each organism in interaction gets benefits from association. It is an obligatory relationship in which mutualist and host are metabolically dependent on each other.
Mutualistic relationship is very specific where one member of association cannot be replaced by another species.
Mutualism require close physical contact between interacting organisms.
Relationship of mutualism allows organisms to exist in habitat that could not occupied by either species alone.
Mutualistic relationship between organisms allows them to act as a single organism.
Examples of mutualism:
i. Lichens:
Lichens are excellent example of mutualism.
They are the association of specific fungi and certain genus of algae. In lichen, fungal partner is called mycobiont and algal partner is called
II. Syntrophism:
It is an association in which the growth of one organism either depends on or improved by the substrate provided by another organism.
In syntrophism both organism in association gets benefits.
Compound A
Utilized by population 1
Compound B
Utilized by population 2
Compound C
utilized by both Population 1+2
Products
In this theoretical example of syntrophism, population 1 is able to utilize and metabolize compound A, forming compound B but cannot metabolize beyond compound B without co-operation of population 2. Population 2is unable to utilize compound A but it can metabolize compound B forming compound C. Then both population 1 and 2 are able to carry out metabolic reaction which leads to formation of end product that neither population could produce alone.
Examples of syntrophism:
i. Methanogenic ecosystem in sludge digester
Methane produced by methanogenic bacteria depends upon interspecies hydrogen transfer by other fermentative bacteria.
Anaerobic fermentative bacteria generate CO2 and H2 utilizing carbohydrates which is then utilized by methanogenic bacteria (Methanobacter) to produce methane.
ii. Lactobacillus arobinosus and Enterococcus faecalis:
In the minimal media, Lactobacillus arobinosus and Enterococcus faecalis are able to grow together but not alone.
The synergistic relationship between E. faecalis and L. arobinosus occurs in which E. faecalis require folic acid
CLASS 12th CHEMISTRY SOLID STATE ppt (Animated)eitps1506
Description:
Dive into the fascinating realm of solid-state physics with our meticulously crafted online PowerPoint presentation. This immersive educational resource offers a comprehensive exploration of the fundamental concepts, theories, and applications within the realm of solid-state physics.
From crystalline structures to semiconductor devices, this presentation delves into the intricate principles governing the behavior of solids, providing clear explanations and illustrative examples to enhance understanding. Whether you're a student delving into the subject for the first time or a seasoned researcher seeking to deepen your knowledge, our presentation offers valuable insights and in-depth analyses to cater to various levels of expertise.
Key topics covered include:
Crystal Structures: Unravel the mysteries of crystalline arrangements and their significance in determining material properties.
Band Theory: Explore the electronic band structure of solids and understand how it influences their conductive properties.
Semiconductor Physics: Delve into the behavior of semiconductors, including doping, carrier transport, and device applications.
Magnetic Properties: Investigate the magnetic behavior of solids, including ferromagnetism, antiferromagnetism, and ferrimagnetism.
Optical Properties: Examine the interaction of light with solids, including absorption, reflection, and transmission phenomena.
With visually engaging slides, informative content, and interactive elements, our online PowerPoint presentation serves as a valuable resource for students, educators, and enthusiasts alike, facilitating a deeper understanding of the captivating world of solid-state physics. Explore the intricacies of solid-state materials and unlock the secrets behind their remarkable properties with our comprehensive presentation.
PPT on Alternate Wetting and Drying presented at the three-day 'Training and Validation Workshop on Modules of Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) Technologies in South Asia' workshop on April 22, 2024.
Immersive Learning That Works: Research Grounding and Paths ForwardLeonel Morgado
We will metaverse into the essence of immersive learning, into its three dimensions and conceptual models. This approach encompasses elements from teaching methodologies to social involvement, through organizational concerns and technologies. Challenging the perception of learning as knowledge transfer, we introduce a 'Uses, Practices & Strategies' model operationalized by the 'Immersive Learning Brain' and ‘Immersion Cube’ frameworks. This approach offers a comprehensive guide through the intricacies of immersive educational experiences and spotlighting research frontiers, along the immersion dimensions of system, narrative, and agency. Our discourse extends to stakeholders beyond the academic sphere, addressing the interests of technologists, instructional designers, and policymakers. We span various contexts, from formal education to organizational transformation to the new horizon of an AI-pervasive society. This keynote aims to unite the iLRN community in a collaborative journey towards a future where immersive learning research and practice coalesce, paving the way for innovative educational research and practice landscapes.
The cost of acquiring information by natural selectionCarl Bergstrom
This is a short talk that I gave at the Banff International Research Station workshop on Modeling and Theory in Population Biology. The idea is to try to understand how the burden of natural selection relates to the amount of information that selection puts into the genome.
It's based on the first part of this research paper:
The cost of information acquisition by natural selection
Ryan Seamus McGee, Olivia Kosterlitz, Artem Kaznatcheev, Benjamin Kerr, Carl T. Bergstrom
bioRxiv 2022.07.02.498577; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.07.02.498577
The inclusion of Leucaena diversifolia in Colombian cattle systems: An economic perspective
1. The inclusion of Leucaena
diversifolia in Colombian cattle
systems: An economic
perspective
Karen Enciso; Mauricio Sotelo; Michael Peters;
Stefan Burkart
58th Annual Meeting of the Association for Tropical
Biology and Conservation, July 10-14, Cartagena, Colombia
3. The forage-based cattle sector
plays a key role in
and nutrition
security
FOOD
Alleviation
POVERTY
But it is also associated with causing negative environmental impacts:
degradation and
deforestation
LAND
pollution and
depletion
WATER
threatened
BIODIVERSITY DEFORESTATION
Livestock sector
Grazed livestock
systems are the
world’s single biggest
land use and a big
source of GHG
emissions
Annual contribution of
livestock to climate
change
8.1 Billion
tCO2 eq
of total
agricultural
emissions
of all human-
induced GHG
4.9 Bha
About two-thirds of the
world’s total agricultural area
Land use
Under climate change, livestock production systems
is adversely affected
WATER
threatened
BIODIVERSITY
ANIMAL
availability
Health, reproductive
sufficiency and
thermoregulation
FORAGE
Quantity and
quality
4. The forage-based cattle sector
plays a key role in
and nutrition
security
FOOD
Alleviation
POVERTY
But it is also associated with causing negative environmental impacts:
degradation and
deforestation
LAND
pollution and
depletion
WATER
threatened
BIODIVERSITY DEFORESTATION
Key messages
Grazed livestock
systems are the
world’s single biggest
land use and a big
source of GHG
emissions
Annual contribution of
livestock to climate
change
8.1 Billion
tCO2 eq
of total
agricultural
emissions
of all human-
induced GHG
4.9 Bha
About two-thirds of the
world’s total agricultural area
Land use
Under climate change, livestock production systems
is adversely affected
WATER
threatened
BIODIVERSITY
ANIMAL
availability
Health, reproductive
sufficiency and
thermoregulation
FORAGE
Quantity and
quality
In this sense, the main challenge for livestock farming in the tropics is to increase the efficiency of production systems,
mitigate environmental impact and advance efforts to adapt to climate change.
The challenges for livestock farming in the tropics include increase the
efficiency of production systems, mitigate environmental impact and
advance efforts to adapt to climate change.
Improvements in animal feeding and sustainable intensification are
the most promising strategies for mitigating these impacts
The inclusion of forage legumes in cattle production systems has the
potential to increase yield, efficiency and nutritional value of the
forage, with less environmental impact
5. Objective
To evaluate the profitability of including Leucaena diversifolia in the Colombian
cattle production system, in comparison with a grass monoculture.
T1) Leucaena diversofolia (2,000
plants/ha) + Urochloa hybrid cv. CIAT
BR02/1752 association
T2) Urochloa hybrid cv. CIAT BR02/1752
as a monoculture
6. Materials and Methods
Data source: Monthly field measurements
carried out by the International Center for
Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) in Palmira, Valle
del Cauca, Colombia.
• Conditions of an Inter-Andean Valley
• The animals were grazing under a
rotational design: 6 days of
occupation and 48 days of rest
• Treatment maintenance and renewal
7. Methodology: A discounted cash flow
model for the estimation of financial
profitability indicators and a quantitative
risk analysis (a Monte Carlo simulation)
Livestock system: beef cattle fattening,
Cebu half-blood steers
Treatment persistence:
T1 at 1% (S1), 3% (S2) and 8% (S3)
T2 at 1% (S4), 3% (S5), and 5% (S6)
Materials and Methods
9. Variable
T1 T2
(Mean ± SD) CV (%) (Mean ± SD) CV (%)
Carrying capacity
(UGG/ha)
4.04 3.36
Weight gain
(g/animal/d)
657± 73
11.2
440 ± 41
9.3
Animal
productivity
(kg/ha/y)
1078± 120 723± 68
Time to reach sales
weight (months)
12 18
Animal response data of the treatments
Results
Technical Considerations
In this sense, the main challenge for livestock farming in the tropics is to increase the efficiency of production systems,
mitigate environmental impact and advance efforts to adapt to climate change.
The inclusion of the legume allows in the production system:
• Increase carrying capacity by 20%
• Increase gain weigh per day and year by 49%
• Reduce fattening period by 33% (from 18 months to 12
months)
• Increase total biomass production per hectare by 152%
the protein content by 24%
10. Results
Parameter SSP Monoculture Percentual Change
Establishment of pasture (US$/ha/y0)1
849 704 20.5%
Pasture renewal (US$/ha)2
84 103 -18.3%
Electric fence (US$/ha/y)3
641 641 0.0%
Purchase of animals (US$/ha/cycle) 1,332 884 50.8%
Operational costs 2,077 1,619 28.3%
Pasture maintenance costs (US$/ha)4
77 86 -11.2%
Labor (US$ average/ha/y)5
617 601 2.6%
Animal health (US$ average/ha/y) 21 21 0.5%
Supplementation (US$ average/ha/y)6
73 73 0.5%
Gross income (US$ average/ha/y) 2,077 1,782 50.4%
Unit cost of production (US$/kg)7
1.05 1.23 -14.7%
Net income (US$ average/ha/y)8
621 183 239.1%
Summary of main costs and revenues for the treatments (2019 prices)
11. Decision criteria
SSP Monoculture
Sim 1 Sim 2 Sim 3 Sim 1 Sim 2 Sim 3
NPV_Mean 2,456 2,278 2,109 124 79 (31)
IRR_Mean 44.30% 42.78% 41.28% 15.40% 14.30% 11.50%
NPV_std 947 908 870 557 542 504
NPV_Min (1,532) (1,791) (1,790) (2,039) (2,024) (1,988)
NPV_Max 6,255 5,590 5,281 2,323 2,217 1,958
Prob (NPV <0) 1% 0.7% 0.8% 42% 45% 53%
Payback period (years) 2-3 2-3 2-3 5-6 5-6 5-6
Summary of main costs and revenues for the treatments
Results
Results-Key messages
In this sense, the main challenge for livestock farming in the tropics is to increase the efficiency of production systems,
mitigate environmental impact and advance efforts to adapt to climate change.
The inclusion of the legume allows in the production system:
• IRR increased by 207%
• Payback period reduced by two years
• An economic loss probability reduction of 97%.
• Dropping forage availability by 1% reduces IRR by 1.7% in
SSP and 4% in monoculture.
• Increasing of input prices by 30% reduces IRR by 12% in
SSP and 29% in monoculture.
12. Conclusions
• L. diversifolia has significant potential to increase
animal productivity and profitability.
• The inclusion of L. diversifolia comes along with a
reduction of the risk of economic loss and less
variance to changes in critical variables.
• This is key to encourage adoption, since farmers,
being naturally rather risk adverse, will most likely
favor technologies with a relatively lower variance.
• The establishment of grass-legume associations
should be accompanied by specific training and
extension programs, and financial resources.
13. Further reading
The inclusion of Leucaena diversifolia in a Colombian beef
cattle production system: An economic perspective
DOI: 10.17138/tgft(7)359-369
Economic benefits of sustainable, forage-based cattle
systems in Latin America
hdl.handle.net/10568/116195