This document provides an introduction to fixed prosthodontics, including terminology, classifications of crowns and bridges, and types of prosthetics. It defines fixed prosthodontics as the replacement of missing teeth by artificial substitutes that are not removable. Crowns are described as restorations that replace the coronal portion of a tooth, and can be full or partial coverage. Bridges are fixed prostheses used to replace one or more missing teeth, consisting of retainers, pontics, and sometimes connectors. Bridges are classified based on retention, materials used, and location in the mouth.
immediate denture According to Glossary of Prosthodontics terms It is a partial or complete denture, that’s fabricated to replace natural teeth immediately after extraction
immediate denture According to Glossary of Prosthodontics terms It is a partial or complete denture, that’s fabricated to replace natural teeth immediately after extraction
‘A paralleling instrument used in construction of a prosthesis to locate and delineate the contours and relative position and abutment teeth and associated structures’
Failures in Fixed Partial Denture
(Prosthodontics FPD- Dental science)
Various types of failures in the fabrication of fixed partial denture
Dr.Sachin Sunny Otta
St.Gregorios Dental College,Kothamangalam,Ernakulam
This seminar is of postgraduate level, which will be helpful for students. The presenter has added the information from various sources and the references are quoted in the last few slides of the seminar to gather more information about the seminar.
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Relining rebasing and repair of complete denture/ dental coursesIndian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
‘A paralleling instrument used in construction of a prosthesis to locate and delineate the contours and relative position and abutment teeth and associated structures’
Failures in Fixed Partial Denture
(Prosthodontics FPD- Dental science)
Various types of failures in the fabrication of fixed partial denture
Dr.Sachin Sunny Otta
St.Gregorios Dental College,Kothamangalam,Ernakulam
This seminar is of postgraduate level, which will be helpful for students. The presenter has added the information from various sources and the references are quoted in the last few slides of the seminar to gather more information about the seminar.
Indian Dental Academy: will be one of the most relevant and exciting training center with best faculty and flexible training programs for dental professionals who wish to advance in their dental practice,Offers certified courses in Dental implants,Orthodontics,Endodontics,Cosmetic Dentistry, Prosthetic Dentistry, Periodontics and General Dentistry.
Relining rebasing and repair of complete denture/ dental coursesIndian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Bridge and Pontic Design 2023,by dr. Mohammed Alqadasi.
talking about the principles and considerations for proper bridge and pontic design , the pretreatment assessment and evaluation ,type of fixed partial denture and type of pontic , stage of design,and materials that used.
in this lecture we will discuss everything about fixed partial denture types, components, designs, parts, materials and classifications.
hope you enjoy it .
QUICK REVIEW OF PROSTHODONTICS – TNMGRMU SOLVED B.D.S FINAL YEAR QUESTION PA...Arun Kumar
This book contains solved "Prosthodontics & Crown & Bridge" B.D.S final year question paper. This helps the students in their eleventh hour preparation.
The scope of fixed prosthodontics treatment can range from the restoration of a single tooth to the rehabilitation of the entire occlusion. Single teeth can be restored to full function, and improvement in
esthetics can be achieved. Missing teeth can be replaced with fixed prostheses that will improve patient comfort and masticatory ability, maintain the health and integrity of the dental arches, and, in many instances, elevate the patient’s self-image.
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
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This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
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Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
Muktapishti is a traditional Ayurvedic preparation made from Shoditha Mukta (Purified Pearl), is believed to help regulate thyroid function and reduce symptoms of hyperthyroidism due to its cooling and balancing properties. Clinical evidence on its efficacy remains limited, necessitating further research to validate its therapeutic benefits.
Best Ayurvedic medicine for Gas and IndigestionSwastikAyurveda
Here is the updated list of Top Best Ayurvedic medicine for Gas and Indigestion and those are Gas-O-Go Syp for Dyspepsia | Lavizyme Syrup for Acidity | Yumzyme Hepatoprotective Capsules etc
Basavarajeeyam is a Sreshta Sangraha grantha (Compiled book ), written by Neelkanta kotturu Basavaraja Virachita. It contains 25 Prakaranas, First 24 Chapters related to Rogas& 25th to Rasadravyas.
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
The Gram stain is a fundamental technique in microbiology used to classify bacteria based on their cell wall structure. It provides a quick and simple method to distinguish between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, which have different susceptibilities to antibiotics
5. It is the field concerned with the restoration
or the replacement of missing teeth and
surrounding structure by artificial substitute
that are removable.
Removable prosthodontics
6. Fixed prosthodontics:
it is a branch of dentistry concerned with the
restoration or the replacement of the tooth or teeth
by artificial substitute that are not removable from
the tooth
15. *Jacket crown: it is a
non metallic, full
coverage restoration
(porcelain) that rebuilds
the prepared clinical
crown of the anterior
teeth and restores it
esthetically and
functionally.
16. * Veneered crown: it is
a full cast crown having
porcelain or acrylic facing
on the labial or buccal
surface.
17.
18. * full veneered crown: it
is a full cast crown having
all surfaces covered with
porcelain.
19.
20. Post crown: it is an artificial
restoration of the coronal
portion of the natural tooth
maintained in position mainly
by post inserted in the
prepared root canal.
21.
22.
23. •Temporary crown: it is a
crown made and used
temporally in the protection of
the prepared tooth until the
final restoration is completed
and cemented
26. * Reverse Three-quarter crown:
it is a modified type of Three-
quarter crown where the lingual
surface is unprepared instead of
buccal surface.
27. * One half crown: it is a
modified type of Three-quarter
crown involving one proximal
surface and nearly those half of
buccal and lingual surfaces
adjacent to it and most of /or all
the occlusal surface.
28.
29. • Seven eight crown : it is a
partial coverage crown
covering all the surfaces of the
crown except the mesio –
buccal cast .
30.
31. • * Mac Boyle retainer : it is a
modified type of Three-quarter
crown with retention derived
from grooves at the labial line
angles instead of the proximal
surfaces.
32. • * Pinledge retainer : it is a
modified form of partial
veneer crown using
dowel Pins in the coronal
portion of the tooth as
means of retention .
33.
34. Other Types of Prosthetics fixed
to a single tooth :
• Laminates : are thin facings of
ceramic fixed directly to teeth
using resin cement.
35.
36. * Inlay retainer : is a metallic or
ceramic retainer that restores the
proximal and occlusal surfaces but
does not protect or cover the cusps
entirely.
37. *Onlay retainer : It is a modified
MOD inlay with cusp overlays on the
occlusal surface protecting the integrity
of the remaining tooth structure .
38.
39.
40. Bridge: (fixed prosthesis)
(fixed partial denture): is a non
movable prosthesis which is
rigidly attached to one or more
abutment teeth to replace one or
more lost missing teeth.
43. * Abutment tooth: is the
natural tooth which supports
and retain the bridge at one
or both teeth.
44. * Pier abutment: is an isolated
abutment tooth, where the anterior and
posterior adjacent teeth to it are missing.
45. * Pontic: is that part of the
bridge which act the actual
substitute for the lost tooth and
is suspended between the
retainers replacing the lost
natural tooth functionally and
esthetically.
46. * Retainer: The artificial
restoration rebuilding
prepared abutment tooth
and by which the pontic is
attached to the abutment.
47. * Connector: is that part of the
bridge uniting the pontic (s) with the
retainer(s), so that to join the component
parts of the bridge.
1-Rigid connector: soldered type
joint
2-Non Rigid connector: a Brocken-
stress or dove tialed occlusal or
subocclusal rest allowing for some
individual movement of the abutment
teeth.
48. * Fixed fixed bridge: is a
bridge where the retainer and
pontic s are all solder together
and the bridge is cemented at
both ends to the abutment teeth.
Types of bridges
49.
50. * Fixed supported bridge :
is a bridge which is not actually joined
to one of the terminal abutment teeth
but is connected to it by means of a non
– rigid connector allowing some
individual movement of the abutment
teeth.
51.
52.
53. * Cantilever bridge ( fixed
free bridge ) : is a bridge
where the pontic is fixed to and
drives its support from one or
double retainers at one end only
while the other end
unsupported.
54.
55. * Spring Cantilever bridge
: is Cantilever bridge where the
pontic is at the end of slightly
curved resilient arm driving its
support from an abutment
remote from the edentulous
space.
56.
57. * Removable bridge , precision
attachment bridge : is a bridge
where each retainer consists of 2
parts , one fixed to the abutment
tooth and one soldered to the pontic
and the bridge can removed by the
patient for cleaning purpose.
58.
59. * Temporary bridge: is a
bridge made and used for the
protection of the prepared teeth,
tissue control and maintenance of
the space till completion and
cementation of the bridge.
60.
61. * Resin bonded retainer: is a
restoration consisting of one or two
pontics supported by thin metal or
ceramic retainers placed lingually and
proximally on the abutment teeth.
These prosthesis rely in part on
adhesive bonding between etched
enamel and the metal or ceramic
retainers.
62.
63. * Implant supported fixed
prosthesis: are surgically placed
implant within bone and projected
though the mucosa, on which the
abutment are screw retained , fixed
partial denture the constructed on
the abutment
64.
65. * Simple bridge: is a one single
type bridge which may be fixed ,fixed
free, cantilever or spring cantilever.
66. * Compound bridge: is a
combination type bridge composed
of two or more of the simple types
68. * Complex bridge: is a bridge that extends at
one of its terminal beyond the canine.
* Unilateral bridge: is a bridge consisting of 2 or
3 anterior teeth that doesn't cross the midline.
* Bilateral bridge: is a bridge consisting of 3 or 4
teeth which involves teeth on both sides of the
midline.
70. 1- full coverage :classified
according retention
A- Encircling the preparation.(full
metal veneer, veneered, full
veneered, spring cantilever)
B-Post in the root canal. (post
crown)
C- Combination.(post jacket
crown)
71. 2- partial coverage:
Classified according to method of
retention
1- grooves (3l4, 1l2, 7l8, mac –Boyle
etainers)
2- pins (pinledge retainer)
3- combined means ( pin modified 3l4)
72. 2-According to material used:
1- Metallic:
A- high noble alloy
B- noble alloy
C- predominantly base metal.
2-Non metallic:
A-ceramic jacket crown
B- acrylic jacket crwon (temporarily)
3- Combined
-Veneered
-Full veneered
73. 2- Bridges
1- According to retention
1- simple bridges:
a-fixed fixed
b-fixed supported
C-cantilever
D-spring cantilever
E-removable
2- compound bridges: more than one type of
the above
74. 2-According to material used:
1- Metallic:
A- high noble alloy
B- noble alloy
C- predominantly base metal.
2-Non metallic:
A-all ceramic
B- all acrylic
3- Combined
Ceramo-metallic bridges
75. 3-According to site
A- anterior: unilateral or bilateral
B- posterior.
C- complex(passing the canine line)