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SOLAR SYSTEM MUSEUM
Cinema
Hall 2 Hall 4Hall 3
Earth
Moon
Earth Hall
Mercury Venus MarsEarth
Hall 1 Hall 3 Hall 4
Inner Planets Hall
Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune
Hall 1 Hall 2 Hall 4
Outer Planets Hall
Hall 1 Hall 2 Hall 3
Astronauts
Space Hall
Cinema Hall
The Solar System is the gravitationally-bound
system comprising the Sun and the objects that
orbit it, either directly or indirectly.Of those
objects that orbit the Sun directly, the largest
eight are the planets, with the remainder being
significantly smaller objects, such as dwarf
planets and small Solar System bodies. Of the
objects that orbit the Sun indirectly, the moons,
two are larger than the smallest planet,
Mercury.
Hall 1 (Earth Hall)
Solar System
Go back to the hall
Earth (1 AU from the Sun) is the largest and densest of
the inner planets, the only one known to have current
geological activity, and the only place where life is
known to exist.Its liquid hydrosphere is unique among
the terrestrial planets, and it is the only planet where
plate tectonics has been observed. Earth's
atmosphere is radically different from those of the
other planets, having been altered by the presence of
life to contain 21% free oxygen.It has one natural
satellite, the Moon, the only large satellite of a
terrestrial planet in the Solar System.
Hall 1 (Earth Hall)
Earth
Go back to the hall
The Moon is an astronomical body that orbits
planet Earth, being Earth's only permanent
natural satellite. It is the fifth-largest natural
satellite in the Solar System, and the largest
among planetary satellites relative to the size of
the planet that it orbits (its primary). Following
Jupiter's satellite Io, the Moon is second-
densest satellite among those whose densities
are known.
Hall 1 (Earth Hall)
Moon
Go back to the hall
The four terrestrial or inner planets have dense, rocky
compositions, few or no moons, and no ring systems.
They are composed largely of refractory minerals, such
as the silicates, which form their crusts and mantles, and
metals, such as iron and nickel, which form their cores.
Three of the four inner planets (Venus, Earth and Mars)
have atmospheres substantial enough to generate
weather; all have impact craters and tectonic surface
features, such as rift valleys and volcanoes. The term
inner planet should not be confused with inferior planet,
which designates those planets that are closer to the
Sun than Earth is (i.e. Mercury and Venus).
Hall 2 (Inner Planets Hall)
Inner Solar System
Go back to the hall
Mercury (0.4 AU from the Sun) is the closest planet to the
Sun and the smallest planet in the Solar System (0.055 Earth
masses). Mercury has no natural satellites; besides impact
craters, its only known geological features are lobed ridges
or rupes that were probably produced by a period of
contraction early in its history. Mercury's very tenuous
atmosphere consists of atoms blasted off its surface by the
solar wind. Its relatively large iron core and thin mantle have
not yet been adequately explained. Hypotheses include that
its outer layers were stripped off by a giant impact; or, that it
was prevented from fully accreting by the young Sun's
energy.
Hall 2 (Inner Planets Hall)
MERCURY
Go back to the hall
Venus (0.7 AU from the Sun) is close in size to Earth
(0.815 Earth masses) and, like Earth, has a thick silicate
mantle around an iron core, a substantial atmosphere,
and evidence of internal geological activity. It is much
drier than Earth, and its atmosphere is ninety times as
dense. Venus has no natural satellites. It is the hottest
planet, with surface temperatures over 400 °C (752°F),
most likely due to the amount of greenhouse gases in the
atmosphere .No definitive evidence of current geological
activity has been detected on Venus, but it has no
magnetic field that would prevent depletion of its
substantial atmosphere, which suggests that its
atmosphere is being replenished by volcanic eruptions .
Hall 2 (Inner Planets Hall)
VENUE
Go back to the hall
Mars (1.5 AU from the Sun) is smaller than Earth and Venus
(0.107 Earth masses). It has an atmosphere of mostly
carbon dioxide with a surface pressure of 6.1 millibars
(roughly 0.6% of that of Earth). Its surface, peppered with
vast volcanoes, such as Olympus Mons, and rift valleys, such
as Valles Marineris, shows geological activity that may have
persisted until as recently as 2 million years ago. Its red
colour comes from iron oxide (rust) in its soil. Mars has two
tiny natural satellites (Deimos and Phobos) thought to be
captured asteroids.
Hall 2 (Inner Planets Hall)
MARS
Go back to the hall
The four outer planets, or giant planets (sometimes called
Jovian planets), collectively make up 99% of the mass
known to orbit the Sun. Jupiter and Saturn are together
over 400 times the mass of Earth and consist
overwhelmingly of hydrogen and helium; Uranus and
Neptune are far less massive (<20 Earth masses each) and
are composed primarily of ices. For these reasons, some
astronomers suggest they belong in their own category,
"ice giants". All four giant planets have rings, although only
Saturn's ring system is easily observed from Earth. The
term superior planet designates planets outside Earth's
orbit and thus includes both the outer planets and Mars.
Hall 3 (Outer Planets Hall)
Outer Solar System
Go back to the hall
Jupiter (5.2 AU), at 318 Earth masses, is 2.5 times the
mass of all the other planets put together. It is
composed largely of hydrogen and helium. Jupiter's
strong internal heat creates semi-permanent features
in its atmosphere, such as cloud bands and the Great
Red Spot. Jupiter has 69 known satellites. The four
largest, Ganymede, Callisto, Io, and Europa, show
similarities to the terrestrial planets, such as
volcanism and internal heating. Ganymede, the
largest satellite in the Solar System, is larger than
Mercury.
Hall 3 (Outer Planets Hall)
JUPITER
Go back to the hall
Saturn (9.5 AU), distinguished by its extensive ring system,
has several similarities to Jupiter, such as its atmospheric
composition and magnetosphere. Although Saturn has
60% of Jupiter's volume, it is less than a third as massive,
at 95 Earth masses. Saturn is the only planet of the Solar
System that is less dense than water. The rings of Saturn
are made up of small ice and rock particles. Saturn has 62
confirmed satellites composed largely of ice. Two of these,
Titan and Enceladus, show signs of geological activity.
Titan, the second-largest moon in the Solar System, is
larger than Mercury and the only satellite in the Solar
System with a substantial atmosphere.
Hall 3 (Outer Planets Hall)
SATURN
Go back to the hall
Uranus (19.2 AU), at 14 Earth masses, is the
lightest of the outer planets. Uniquely among the
planets, it orbits the Sun on its side; its axial tilt is
over ninety degrees to the ecliptic. It has a much
colder core than the other giant planets and
radiates very little heat into space. Uranus has 27
known satellites, the largest ones being Titania,
Oberon, Umbriel, Ariel, and Miranda .
Hall 3 (Outer Planets Hall)
URANUS
Go back to the hall
Neptune (30.1 AU), though slightly smaller than
Uranus, is more massive (equivalent to 17
Earths) and hence more dense. It radiates more
internal heat, but not as much as Jupiter or
Saturn. Neptune has 14 known satellites. The
largest, Triton, is geologically active, with
geysers of liquid nitrogen. Triton is the only
large satellite with a retrograde orbit. Neptune
is accompanied in its orbit by several minor
planets, termed Neptune trojans, that are in 1:1
resonance with it.
Hall 3 (Outer Planets Hall)
NEPTUNE
Go back to the hall
In context of spaceflight, A satellite is an artificial object
which has been intentionally placed into orbit. Such objects
are sometimes called artificial satellites to distinguish them
from natural satellites such as Earth's Moon.
Satellites are used for many purposes. Common types
include military and civilian Earth observation satellites,
communications satellites, navigation satellites, weather
satellites, and space telescopes. Space stations and human
spacecraft in orbit are also satellites. Satellite orbits vary
greatly, depending on the purpose of the satellite, and are
classified in a number of ways. Well-known (overlapping)
classes include low Earth orbit, polar orbit, and
geostationary orbit.
Hall 4 (Space Hall)
Satellite
Go back to the hall
An astronaut or cosmonaut (Russian:
космонавт) is a person trained by a
human spaceflight program to command,
pilot, or serve as a crew member of a
spacecraft. Although generally reserved
for professional space travelers, the terms
are sometimes applied to anyone who
travels into space, including scientists,
politicians, journalists, and tourists.
Hall 4 (Space Hall)
Astronauts
Go back to the hall
The Milky Way is a barred spiral galaxy with a diameter
between 100,000 and 180,000 light-years. The Milky Way
is estimated to contain 100–400 billion stars. There are
probably at least 100 billion planets in the Milky Way.
The Solar System is located within the disk, about 26,000
light-years from the Galactic Center, on the inner edge of
one of the spiral-shaped concentrations of gas and dust
called the Orion Arm. The stars in the inner ≈10,000
light-years form a bulge and one or more bars that
radiate from the bulge. The very center is marked by an
intense radio source, named Sagittarius A*, which is likely
to be a supermassive black hole.
Hall 4 (Space Hall)
Milky Way Galaxy
Go back to the hall
The Sun is near the inner rim of the Orion Arm,
within the Local Fluff of the Local Bubble, and in
the Gould Belt, at a distance of 26.4 ± 1.0 kly
(8.09 ± 0.31 kpc) from the Galactic Center. The
Sun is currently 5–30 parsecs (16–98 ly) from
the central plane of the Galactic disk. The
distance between the local arm and the next
arm out, the Perseus Arm, is about 2,000
parsecs (6,500 ly). The Sun, and thus the Solar
System, is located in the Milky Way's galactic
habitable zone.
Hall 4 (Space Hall)
Sun’s location
Go back to the hall

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Solar System Museum

  • 3. Hall 2 Hall 4Hall 3 Earth Moon Earth Hall
  • 4. Mercury Venus MarsEarth Hall 1 Hall 3 Hall 4 Inner Planets Hall
  • 5. Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune Hall 1 Hall 2 Hall 4 Outer Planets Hall
  • 6. Hall 1 Hall 2 Hall 3 Astronauts Space Hall
  • 8. The Solar System is the gravitationally-bound system comprising the Sun and the objects that orbit it, either directly or indirectly.Of those objects that orbit the Sun directly, the largest eight are the planets, with the remainder being significantly smaller objects, such as dwarf planets and small Solar System bodies. Of the objects that orbit the Sun indirectly, the moons, two are larger than the smallest planet, Mercury. Hall 1 (Earth Hall) Solar System Go back to the hall
  • 9. Earth (1 AU from the Sun) is the largest and densest of the inner planets, the only one known to have current geological activity, and the only place where life is known to exist.Its liquid hydrosphere is unique among the terrestrial planets, and it is the only planet where plate tectonics has been observed. Earth's atmosphere is radically different from those of the other planets, having been altered by the presence of life to contain 21% free oxygen.It has one natural satellite, the Moon, the only large satellite of a terrestrial planet in the Solar System. Hall 1 (Earth Hall) Earth Go back to the hall
  • 10. The Moon is an astronomical body that orbits planet Earth, being Earth's only permanent natural satellite. It is the fifth-largest natural satellite in the Solar System, and the largest among planetary satellites relative to the size of the planet that it orbits (its primary). Following Jupiter's satellite Io, the Moon is second- densest satellite among those whose densities are known. Hall 1 (Earth Hall) Moon Go back to the hall
  • 11. The four terrestrial or inner planets have dense, rocky compositions, few or no moons, and no ring systems. They are composed largely of refractory minerals, such as the silicates, which form their crusts and mantles, and metals, such as iron and nickel, which form their cores. Three of the four inner planets (Venus, Earth and Mars) have atmospheres substantial enough to generate weather; all have impact craters and tectonic surface features, such as rift valleys and volcanoes. The term inner planet should not be confused with inferior planet, which designates those planets that are closer to the Sun than Earth is (i.e. Mercury and Venus). Hall 2 (Inner Planets Hall) Inner Solar System Go back to the hall
  • 12. Mercury (0.4 AU from the Sun) is the closest planet to the Sun and the smallest planet in the Solar System (0.055 Earth masses). Mercury has no natural satellites; besides impact craters, its only known geological features are lobed ridges or rupes that were probably produced by a period of contraction early in its history. Mercury's very tenuous atmosphere consists of atoms blasted off its surface by the solar wind. Its relatively large iron core and thin mantle have not yet been adequately explained. Hypotheses include that its outer layers were stripped off by a giant impact; or, that it was prevented from fully accreting by the young Sun's energy. Hall 2 (Inner Planets Hall) MERCURY Go back to the hall
  • 13. Venus (0.7 AU from the Sun) is close in size to Earth (0.815 Earth masses) and, like Earth, has a thick silicate mantle around an iron core, a substantial atmosphere, and evidence of internal geological activity. It is much drier than Earth, and its atmosphere is ninety times as dense. Venus has no natural satellites. It is the hottest planet, with surface temperatures over 400 °C (752°F), most likely due to the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere .No definitive evidence of current geological activity has been detected on Venus, but it has no magnetic field that would prevent depletion of its substantial atmosphere, which suggests that its atmosphere is being replenished by volcanic eruptions . Hall 2 (Inner Planets Hall) VENUE Go back to the hall
  • 14. Mars (1.5 AU from the Sun) is smaller than Earth and Venus (0.107 Earth masses). It has an atmosphere of mostly carbon dioxide with a surface pressure of 6.1 millibars (roughly 0.6% of that of Earth). Its surface, peppered with vast volcanoes, such as Olympus Mons, and rift valleys, such as Valles Marineris, shows geological activity that may have persisted until as recently as 2 million years ago. Its red colour comes from iron oxide (rust) in its soil. Mars has two tiny natural satellites (Deimos and Phobos) thought to be captured asteroids. Hall 2 (Inner Planets Hall) MARS Go back to the hall
  • 15. The four outer planets, or giant planets (sometimes called Jovian planets), collectively make up 99% of the mass known to orbit the Sun. Jupiter and Saturn are together over 400 times the mass of Earth and consist overwhelmingly of hydrogen and helium; Uranus and Neptune are far less massive (<20 Earth masses each) and are composed primarily of ices. For these reasons, some astronomers suggest they belong in their own category, "ice giants". All four giant planets have rings, although only Saturn's ring system is easily observed from Earth. The term superior planet designates planets outside Earth's orbit and thus includes both the outer planets and Mars. Hall 3 (Outer Planets Hall) Outer Solar System Go back to the hall
  • 16. Jupiter (5.2 AU), at 318 Earth masses, is 2.5 times the mass of all the other planets put together. It is composed largely of hydrogen and helium. Jupiter's strong internal heat creates semi-permanent features in its atmosphere, such as cloud bands and the Great Red Spot. Jupiter has 69 known satellites. The four largest, Ganymede, Callisto, Io, and Europa, show similarities to the terrestrial planets, such as volcanism and internal heating. Ganymede, the largest satellite in the Solar System, is larger than Mercury. Hall 3 (Outer Planets Hall) JUPITER Go back to the hall
  • 17. Saturn (9.5 AU), distinguished by its extensive ring system, has several similarities to Jupiter, such as its atmospheric composition and magnetosphere. Although Saturn has 60% of Jupiter's volume, it is less than a third as massive, at 95 Earth masses. Saturn is the only planet of the Solar System that is less dense than water. The rings of Saturn are made up of small ice and rock particles. Saturn has 62 confirmed satellites composed largely of ice. Two of these, Titan and Enceladus, show signs of geological activity. Titan, the second-largest moon in the Solar System, is larger than Mercury and the only satellite in the Solar System with a substantial atmosphere. Hall 3 (Outer Planets Hall) SATURN Go back to the hall
  • 18. Uranus (19.2 AU), at 14 Earth masses, is the lightest of the outer planets. Uniquely among the planets, it orbits the Sun on its side; its axial tilt is over ninety degrees to the ecliptic. It has a much colder core than the other giant planets and radiates very little heat into space. Uranus has 27 known satellites, the largest ones being Titania, Oberon, Umbriel, Ariel, and Miranda . Hall 3 (Outer Planets Hall) URANUS Go back to the hall
  • 19. Neptune (30.1 AU), though slightly smaller than Uranus, is more massive (equivalent to 17 Earths) and hence more dense. It radiates more internal heat, but not as much as Jupiter or Saturn. Neptune has 14 known satellites. The largest, Triton, is geologically active, with geysers of liquid nitrogen. Triton is the only large satellite with a retrograde orbit. Neptune is accompanied in its orbit by several minor planets, termed Neptune trojans, that are in 1:1 resonance with it. Hall 3 (Outer Planets Hall) NEPTUNE Go back to the hall
  • 20. In context of spaceflight, A satellite is an artificial object which has been intentionally placed into orbit. Such objects are sometimes called artificial satellites to distinguish them from natural satellites such as Earth's Moon. Satellites are used for many purposes. Common types include military and civilian Earth observation satellites, communications satellites, navigation satellites, weather satellites, and space telescopes. Space stations and human spacecraft in orbit are also satellites. Satellite orbits vary greatly, depending on the purpose of the satellite, and are classified in a number of ways. Well-known (overlapping) classes include low Earth orbit, polar orbit, and geostationary orbit. Hall 4 (Space Hall) Satellite Go back to the hall
  • 21. An astronaut or cosmonaut (Russian: космонавт) is a person trained by a human spaceflight program to command, pilot, or serve as a crew member of a spacecraft. Although generally reserved for professional space travelers, the terms are sometimes applied to anyone who travels into space, including scientists, politicians, journalists, and tourists. Hall 4 (Space Hall) Astronauts Go back to the hall
  • 22. The Milky Way is a barred spiral galaxy with a diameter between 100,000 and 180,000 light-years. The Milky Way is estimated to contain 100–400 billion stars. There are probably at least 100 billion planets in the Milky Way. The Solar System is located within the disk, about 26,000 light-years from the Galactic Center, on the inner edge of one of the spiral-shaped concentrations of gas and dust called the Orion Arm. The stars in the inner ≈10,000 light-years form a bulge and one or more bars that radiate from the bulge. The very center is marked by an intense radio source, named Sagittarius A*, which is likely to be a supermassive black hole. Hall 4 (Space Hall) Milky Way Galaxy Go back to the hall
  • 23. The Sun is near the inner rim of the Orion Arm, within the Local Fluff of the Local Bubble, and in the Gould Belt, at a distance of 26.4 ± 1.0 kly (8.09 ± 0.31 kpc) from the Galactic Center. The Sun is currently 5–30 parsecs (16–98 ly) from the central plane of the Galactic disk. The distance between the local arm and the next arm out, the Perseus Arm, is about 2,000 parsecs (6,500 ly). The Sun, and thus the Solar System, is located in the Milky Way's galactic habitable zone. Hall 4 (Space Hall) Sun’s location Go back to the hall