Sever, Z. (2021). Review: Wildlife translocations in Uganda. Submitted to Uganda wildlife authority (UWA) as a background towards "The Okapi restoration to Uganda project", January, 11 pp.
This document provides an overview of conservation efforts that have led to the comeback of the one-horned rhinoceros in Nepal. It discusses how the rhino population has grown from being critically endangered to vulnerable status due to strengthened security measures, community involvement in anti-poaching, and translocation of rhinos to new areas to expand their territory. It also profiles Dr. Hemanta Mishra, a key wildlife biologist instrumental in establishing Nepal's protected areas and halting the extinction of rhinos and tigers in the country through blending western science with traditional beliefs.
Pakistan has a diverse range of wildlife habitats and 219 protected areas including 29 national parks and 100 wildlife sanctuaries. The largest national park is Hingol National Park, which supports over 3,000 mammals including Sindh Ibex and Chinkara Gazelle. Kirthar National Park is also large and protects populations of Sindh Ibex. Wildlife faces threats from climate change, hunting, pollution, habitat loss, and increasing human population. Protected areas aim to conserve ecosystems and wildlife for their ecological, economic, recreational, scientific, social, and aesthetic values.
This document provides teaching materials for a junior high science activity on endangered Australian animals. It includes a reading passage about efforts to relocate northern quolls to protect them from cane toads, and a worksheet with questions for students to research different endangered species. Students are asked to read the passage, discuss threats to species, research additional endangered Australian animals, and investigate the roles of selected animals in Aboriginal dreamtime legends.
Presented during the 17h Annual Sahelo-Saharan Interest Group Meeting organized by the NGO Sahara Conservation Fund in Senegal, from 4 to 6 May 2017. The Sahara Conservation Fund (SCF) gathers every year about a hundred people who are interested in the field of Sahelo-Saharan species conservation.
Raising awareness of the WWF's Panda Conservation ProjectsNaadira Kathrada
There are approximately 1600 giant pandas remaining in the wild according to a national survey from 1999-2003. The WWF has launched a Green Heart of China project to protect giant panda habitat in the upper Yangtze basin over a 6 year period with a budget of 100 million yuan. The project aims to establish a comprehensive panda conservation network at a landscape level to increase giant panda populations while maintaining forest ecosystems that benefit both pandas and humans. Key threats to pandas include infrastructure development, mining, tourism, and climate change, which cause habitat loss, fragmentation, and degradation.
This document provides information about snakes in 3 paragraphs:
1) It describes the basic anatomy of snakes, noting their elongated bodies, single lung, ability to swallow prey whole, and lack of certain organs like ears and movable eyelids.
2) It explains how non-venomous snakes kill prey through constriction, wrapping their body around the prey and suffocating it. Venomous snakes inject venom from fangs to kill prey from a distance.
3) It describes how snakes use their bifurcated tongue and Jacobson's organ to detect smells and tastes to locate prey or avoid predators, even in darkness. The document outlines the different modes of locomotion in snakes.
The document discusses several strategies for conserving big cat species, including lions, tigers, leopards, and cheetahs. It recommends protecting habitats, identifying priority populations for conservation efforts, connecting reserves through land-use planning, increasing anti-poaching enforcement, and creating more reserves. Threats to big cats include loss of habitat, poaching for traditional medicine, hunting, and lack of legal protections. Several organizations work to rescue and rehabilitate big cats in Africa through research, education, and secure protected areas.
This document provides an overview of conservation efforts that have led to the comeback of the one-horned rhinoceros in Nepal. It discusses how the rhino population has grown from being critically endangered to vulnerable status due to strengthened security measures, community involvement in anti-poaching, and translocation of rhinos to new areas to expand their territory. It also profiles Dr. Hemanta Mishra, a key wildlife biologist instrumental in establishing Nepal's protected areas and halting the extinction of rhinos and tigers in the country through blending western science with traditional beliefs.
Pakistan has a diverse range of wildlife habitats and 219 protected areas including 29 national parks and 100 wildlife sanctuaries. The largest national park is Hingol National Park, which supports over 3,000 mammals including Sindh Ibex and Chinkara Gazelle. Kirthar National Park is also large and protects populations of Sindh Ibex. Wildlife faces threats from climate change, hunting, pollution, habitat loss, and increasing human population. Protected areas aim to conserve ecosystems and wildlife for their ecological, economic, recreational, scientific, social, and aesthetic values.
This document provides teaching materials for a junior high science activity on endangered Australian animals. It includes a reading passage about efforts to relocate northern quolls to protect them from cane toads, and a worksheet with questions for students to research different endangered species. Students are asked to read the passage, discuss threats to species, research additional endangered Australian animals, and investigate the roles of selected animals in Aboriginal dreamtime legends.
Presented during the 17h Annual Sahelo-Saharan Interest Group Meeting organized by the NGO Sahara Conservation Fund in Senegal, from 4 to 6 May 2017. The Sahara Conservation Fund (SCF) gathers every year about a hundred people who are interested in the field of Sahelo-Saharan species conservation.
Raising awareness of the WWF's Panda Conservation ProjectsNaadira Kathrada
There are approximately 1600 giant pandas remaining in the wild according to a national survey from 1999-2003. The WWF has launched a Green Heart of China project to protect giant panda habitat in the upper Yangtze basin over a 6 year period with a budget of 100 million yuan. The project aims to establish a comprehensive panda conservation network at a landscape level to increase giant panda populations while maintaining forest ecosystems that benefit both pandas and humans. Key threats to pandas include infrastructure development, mining, tourism, and climate change, which cause habitat loss, fragmentation, and degradation.
This document provides information about snakes in 3 paragraphs:
1) It describes the basic anatomy of snakes, noting their elongated bodies, single lung, ability to swallow prey whole, and lack of certain organs like ears and movable eyelids.
2) It explains how non-venomous snakes kill prey through constriction, wrapping their body around the prey and suffocating it. Venomous snakes inject venom from fangs to kill prey from a distance.
3) It describes how snakes use their bifurcated tongue and Jacobson's organ to detect smells and tastes to locate prey or avoid predators, even in darkness. The document outlines the different modes of locomotion in snakes.
The document discusses several strategies for conserving big cat species, including lions, tigers, leopards, and cheetahs. It recommends protecting habitats, identifying priority populations for conservation efforts, connecting reserves through land-use planning, increasing anti-poaching enforcement, and creating more reserves. Threats to big cats include loss of habitat, poaching for traditional medicine, hunting, and lack of legal protections. Several organizations work to rescue and rehabilitate big cats in Africa through research, education, and secure protected areas.
This document contains summaries of various animal-related photographs from Reuters. It includes images of a man shaving a monkey before a performance, a man hang gliding with his service dog, dogs looking out of a canine car, seals playing underwater, a girl with a butterfly on her nose, a groomed poodle, a monkey hanging from its mother, a weighed monkey tree frog, leaping zebras, flying starlings, a cat being fed in Aleppo, a therapy dog with a patient, a rabbit avoiding a leopard cub, a tiger receiving ear treatment, cockfighting roosters, giant panda cubs, a groomed gorilla, a piglet in a wheelchair, a chimpanzee
Curriculum Vitae of Ashwin Naidu, PhD - April 2015Ashwin Naidu
This document provides the CV of Ashwin Naidu, who has a Ph.D. in Natural Resources from the University of Arizona. He is currently the Principal Investigator and Director of the Fishing Cat Conservancy, which conducts community-based research and conservation of endangered fishing cats and their mangrove habitat in India. His areas of research interest include conservation biology, GIS/remote sensing, wildlife genetics/forensics, and science communication. He has over 15 peer-reviewed publications and has received several grants and awards for his work researching mountain lions in the southwestern US and fishing cats in India.
Wildlife includes all non-domesticated plants, animals and other organisms. The Wildlife Protection Act of 1972 established protected species and outlawed hunting many plants and animals in India. Wildlife provides food and traditional medicines for humans in some areas and is also hunted for sport, though overhunting can threaten populations. Habitat destruction and introduced invasive species also endanger wildlife.
This document lists several critically endangered species including the Iberian lynx, Sumatran tiger, vaquita, Javan rhino, Cross River gorilla, South China tiger, and Amur leopard. It also notes several extinct species such as the Pinta Island tortoise, baiji river dolphin, western black rhinoceros, Caribbean monk seal, and Pyrenean ibex. Finally, it provides donation and organization information for supporting conservation efforts.
The document summarizes threats facing orangutans and conservation efforts. It describes the two species, their habitat loss mainly due to deforestation, and other threats like hunting and the pet trade. While conservation work is occurring, strong protection of forests and enforcement of laws is still needed to prevent orangutans from becoming extinct in the wild within 25 years.
UK Wetlands and Waterfowl decline WWT conservation effortsNicola snow
The document discusses UK wetlands and conservation efforts by the Wildfowl and Wetlands Trust (WWT). It notes that over 172 Ramsar sites exist in the UK, providing crucial habitat for migratory birds and endangered species. However, UK wetlands have deteriorated in quality and size over the last century due to land development and climate change. The WWT now manages nine wetland sites in the UK and works to restore habitats and protect species through captive breeding programs. Examples highlighted include successful reintroduction of Hawaiian Geese and establishment of a captive breeding program for the critically endangered Baer's Pochard.
How have wildlife trade laws and protections been effective to Pangolin conse...Emily Summer
Wildlife trade laws have not effectively conserved the Chinese and Sunda pangolin. Populations have declined by 80-90% in the past 21 years due to unsustainable trade of their skins, scales, and meat. In 2000, CITES enacted a full trade ban but evidence suggests it caused trade to spiral out of control, with over 1 million pangolins traded internationally between 2004-2014. From 2000-2015, over 264,000 individual pangolins were seized, showing the ban did not slow trade or declines. Education and demand reduction are critical for conservation as poverty, corruption, and high prices drive poaching and illegal trade.
Community Perception and Pangolins (Manis spp.) Conservation in the Kimbi-Fun...AI Publications
This document summarizes a study on community perceptions of pangolin conservation in the Kimbi-Fungom National Park in Cameroon. The study found that hunting of pangolins is common, with an estimated 1,664 pangolins killed annually by local hunters. Pangolins fetch a low price locally compared to international markets, contributing to overhunting. Many community members expressed negative attitudes toward conservation due to lack of alternative livelihoods. Effective support for alternative livelihoods and education are needed to encourage conservation of this heavily trafficked species.
Sever, Z. (2021). Review: Okapi translocations. Submitted to Uganda wildlife authority (UWA) as a background towards "The Okapi restoration to Uganda project", January, 6 pp.
This document discusses conservation efforts and challenges in protected areas in the Democratic Republic of Congo and Uganda. It provides updates on wildlife surveys conducted in the lowland sectors of the Kahuzi-Biega National Park to assess populations of eastern lowland gorillas and remove the park from the list of endangered World Heritage Sites. The surveys found evidence of gorillas and other primates but also human activities like poaching. Conservation activities also resumed in the Sarambwe Reserve in DRC after it was abandoned due to violence.
This document summarizes an undergraduate thesis about a Yup'ik caribou teeth belt. The thesis traces the object's biography through archival research and interviews. It also analyzes the teeth to study long-term caribou herd health. The student conducted a literature review on traditional Yup'ik culture and lifestyle in Alaska, including gender roles, subsistence strategies, and relationships with animals. Missionary activity in the late 19th century introduced trade goods and diseases and shifted economies, but Yup'ik continued many cultural practices. Analysis of the belt's teeth provides insights into both past Yup'ik life and long-term ecological conditions.
The Don Oso Program in southern Sangay National Park, Ecuador aims to conserve Andean bears through environmental education, scientific research, training local para-biologists to monitor bears, and reducing human-wildlife conflicts. The program partners local non-profits, universities, and park officials. They developed a participatory monitoring protocol using camera traps to identify individual bears on private and community lands, both inside and outside the park. Training local para-biologists and park guards in monitoring methods aims to ensure long-term conservation of this threatened species. Preliminary results show camera traps successfully identify bears and the training program is building local capacity and acceptance of conservation efforts.
Keynote: Tanya Berger Wolf + Dan Rubenstein, Wildbook - AI and Humans Combatt...Sri Ambati
This session was recorded in San Francisco on February 5th, 2019 and can be viewed here: https://youtu.be/Ksco3BaoAXw
Abstract: Photographs, taken by field scientists, tourists, automated cameras, and incidental photographers, are the most abundant source of data on wildlife today. Wildbook, a project of tech for conservation non-profit Wild Me, is an autonomous computational system that starts from massive collections of images and, by detecting various species of animals and identifying individuals, combined with sophisticated data management, turns them into high resolution information database, enabling scientific inquiry, conservation, and citizen science. We have built Wildbooks for over 20 species of animals, including whales (flukebook.org), sharks (whaleshark.org), giraffes (giraffespotter.org), and, with H2O.ai's help, working on elephants. In January 2016, Wildbook enabled the first ever full species (the endangered Grevy's zebra) census using photographs taken by ordinary citizens in Kenya.The resulting numbers are now the official species census used by IUCN Red List and we repeated the effort in 2018, becoming the first certified census from an outside organization accepted by the Kenyan government. Wildbook is becoming the data foundation for wildlife science, conservation, and policy. Read more: Fast Company(TM) article
Bio: Berger-Wolf is a Professor of Computer Science at UIC, where she heads the Computational Population Biology Lab, and a co-founder of machine learning for wildlife conservation tech Wildbook, a project of WildMe.org, which she directs. Berger-Wolf holds a Ph.D. from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. She has received numerous awards for her research and mentoring, including the US National Science Foundation CAREER Award, Association for Women in Science Chicago Innovator Award, and the UIC Mentor of the Year Award.
This document summarizes a study on herbivore populations in northern Botswana. Researchers from Round River Conservation Studies conducted wildlife surveys using distance sampling methods in four community areas over four seasons, from 2013 to 2015. For the 2015 dry season, the numbers of elephants, giraffes, kudus, impalas, and zebras showed no significant increases or decreases compared to previous seasons. Habitat use by these five species was also analyzed but no clear trends were found. The study aims to monitor population trends over time to inform conservation management and assess the impact of Botswana's hunting ban.
More plants and animals to be saved from extinction __ Saving our SpeciesDiane Robinson
The NSW Government is investing $100 million over five years in Saving our Species (SoS), NSW's threatened species conservation program. The funds will support over 240 conservation projects targeting site-managed, iconic, and landscape-managed species, as well as data-deficient species. Key objectives are to maximize the number of threatened species that can survive securely in the wild in NSW and control threats such as invasive predators. Projects involve improving habitat, controlling threats like weeds and foxes, monitoring species responses, and supporting on-park and private land conservation. Partnerships with other organizations will help maximize resources and ensure long-term sustainability of projects beyond the initial five-year funding commitment.
Dafeng zhonghua elk garden scenic spot, yancheng city, jiangsu provinceJourney Han
1) The Jiangsu Dafeng Elk National Nature Reserve is located in Yancheng City, Jiangsu Province. It is the world's largest elk nature reserve with over 2,000 elk.
2) The reserve was established in 1986 after importing elk from the UK. It has since grown to become an important ecotourism destination receiving over 1 million visitors.
3) The elk population has increased 25-fold at the reserve, making it a success story for species conservation and restoration of the elk population to the wild. The reserve now supports a variety of wildlife and has become an important wetland ecosystem.
This study tested the use of photographic mark-recapture techniques to estimate the population of Nile crocodiles at Sunset Dam in Kruger National Park. Researchers photographed and identified individual crocodiles based on unique patterns on their tails over four days. Applying mark-recapture models, they found the population size was accurately estimated and that mornings yielded more visible crocodiles than afternoons. The non-invasive photographic method provides a better technique for monitoring crocodile populations than methods requiring handling or tagging.
The Global Tapestry of Penguins: An In-Depth Exploration of 2023 Populations ...AnimalPlanet2
This compelling essay delves into the fascinating world of penguins, providing a detailed examination of their populations across various nations in 2023. With a rich British accent, the narrative not only presents surprising population numbers but also underscores the collaborative efforts of renowned organizations such as the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and BirdLife International.
This document evaluates the Wildlife Conservation Society's (WCS) alternative livelihood project in Cross River State, Nigeria that aims to reduce bushmeat hunting by providing alternative income sources like beekeeping and snail farming. The study assessed the program's success by interviewing 57 hunters trained across 35 villages in 3 divisions - Mbe, Afi and Okwango. It found that only 10.5% of hunters at Mbe, 23.8% at Afi, and 43.8% at Okwango remained actively involved in beekeeping. Over 45% of hunters trained at each site reported still engaging in hunting, suggesting the program had limited success in reducing hunting behavior. The document recommends improving monitoring,
Three species of vultures in South Asia, including the white-rumped vulture, have seen their populations decline by over 90% in recent decades due to the use of the veterinary drug diclofenac. Diclofenac is toxic to vultures and causes kidney failure when they eat the remains of livestock treated with the drug. Conservation efforts are underway to breed vultures in captivity and ban dangerous drugs, but diclofenac contamination of the vultures' food supply still threatens their survival. International organizations like IUCN are working with countries in the region to establish protected zones and continue conservation actions to save South Asia's critically endangered vultures from extinction.
The document discusses three topics related to conservation:
1) A decline in biodiversity of farmed plants and livestock is threatening future food supplies as only 30 crops account for 95% of calories and 22% of livestock breeds are at risk of extinction. Preserving genetic diversity is important for adapting to climate change.
2) Canaima National Park in Venezuela protects unique table mountain formations and is habitat for diverse wildlife, though under threat from resource extraction. The park is also important for hydroelectric power and inhabited by indigenous Pemón people.
3) The illegal wildlife trade is a lucrative $8-20 billion industry, driving poaching of rhinos and elephants for traditional medicine and ornamental demand in Asia. This dec
This document summarizes a small mammal observational survey conducted in Riverside Park and surrounding areas from winter to spring 2013. The survey route covered over 2 miles through different habitats within and around the park. The purpose was to record which mammal species reside in the area to inform the Urban Ecology Center and begin a record of first sightings. Common mammals observed included mice, voles, bats, squirrels, and more. The survey aimed to establish a long-term monitoring project to better understand urban wildlife in the park.
This document contains summaries of various animal-related photographs from Reuters. It includes images of a man shaving a monkey before a performance, a man hang gliding with his service dog, dogs looking out of a canine car, seals playing underwater, a girl with a butterfly on her nose, a groomed poodle, a monkey hanging from its mother, a weighed monkey tree frog, leaping zebras, flying starlings, a cat being fed in Aleppo, a therapy dog with a patient, a rabbit avoiding a leopard cub, a tiger receiving ear treatment, cockfighting roosters, giant panda cubs, a groomed gorilla, a piglet in a wheelchair, a chimpanzee
Curriculum Vitae of Ashwin Naidu, PhD - April 2015Ashwin Naidu
This document provides the CV of Ashwin Naidu, who has a Ph.D. in Natural Resources from the University of Arizona. He is currently the Principal Investigator and Director of the Fishing Cat Conservancy, which conducts community-based research and conservation of endangered fishing cats and their mangrove habitat in India. His areas of research interest include conservation biology, GIS/remote sensing, wildlife genetics/forensics, and science communication. He has over 15 peer-reviewed publications and has received several grants and awards for his work researching mountain lions in the southwestern US and fishing cats in India.
Wildlife includes all non-domesticated plants, animals and other organisms. The Wildlife Protection Act of 1972 established protected species and outlawed hunting many plants and animals in India. Wildlife provides food and traditional medicines for humans in some areas and is also hunted for sport, though overhunting can threaten populations. Habitat destruction and introduced invasive species also endanger wildlife.
This document lists several critically endangered species including the Iberian lynx, Sumatran tiger, vaquita, Javan rhino, Cross River gorilla, South China tiger, and Amur leopard. It also notes several extinct species such as the Pinta Island tortoise, baiji river dolphin, western black rhinoceros, Caribbean monk seal, and Pyrenean ibex. Finally, it provides donation and organization information for supporting conservation efforts.
The document summarizes threats facing orangutans and conservation efforts. It describes the two species, their habitat loss mainly due to deforestation, and other threats like hunting and the pet trade. While conservation work is occurring, strong protection of forests and enforcement of laws is still needed to prevent orangutans from becoming extinct in the wild within 25 years.
UK Wetlands and Waterfowl decline WWT conservation effortsNicola snow
The document discusses UK wetlands and conservation efforts by the Wildfowl and Wetlands Trust (WWT). It notes that over 172 Ramsar sites exist in the UK, providing crucial habitat for migratory birds and endangered species. However, UK wetlands have deteriorated in quality and size over the last century due to land development and climate change. The WWT now manages nine wetland sites in the UK and works to restore habitats and protect species through captive breeding programs. Examples highlighted include successful reintroduction of Hawaiian Geese and establishment of a captive breeding program for the critically endangered Baer's Pochard.
How have wildlife trade laws and protections been effective to Pangolin conse...Emily Summer
Wildlife trade laws have not effectively conserved the Chinese and Sunda pangolin. Populations have declined by 80-90% in the past 21 years due to unsustainable trade of their skins, scales, and meat. In 2000, CITES enacted a full trade ban but evidence suggests it caused trade to spiral out of control, with over 1 million pangolins traded internationally between 2004-2014. From 2000-2015, over 264,000 individual pangolins were seized, showing the ban did not slow trade or declines. Education and demand reduction are critical for conservation as poverty, corruption, and high prices drive poaching and illegal trade.
Community Perception and Pangolins (Manis spp.) Conservation in the Kimbi-Fun...AI Publications
This document summarizes a study on community perceptions of pangolin conservation in the Kimbi-Fungom National Park in Cameroon. The study found that hunting of pangolins is common, with an estimated 1,664 pangolins killed annually by local hunters. Pangolins fetch a low price locally compared to international markets, contributing to overhunting. Many community members expressed negative attitudes toward conservation due to lack of alternative livelihoods. Effective support for alternative livelihoods and education are needed to encourage conservation of this heavily trafficked species.
Sever, Z. (2021). Review: Okapi translocations. Submitted to Uganda wildlife authority (UWA) as a background towards "The Okapi restoration to Uganda project", January, 6 pp.
This document discusses conservation efforts and challenges in protected areas in the Democratic Republic of Congo and Uganda. It provides updates on wildlife surveys conducted in the lowland sectors of the Kahuzi-Biega National Park to assess populations of eastern lowland gorillas and remove the park from the list of endangered World Heritage Sites. The surveys found evidence of gorillas and other primates but also human activities like poaching. Conservation activities also resumed in the Sarambwe Reserve in DRC after it was abandoned due to violence.
This document summarizes an undergraduate thesis about a Yup'ik caribou teeth belt. The thesis traces the object's biography through archival research and interviews. It also analyzes the teeth to study long-term caribou herd health. The student conducted a literature review on traditional Yup'ik culture and lifestyle in Alaska, including gender roles, subsistence strategies, and relationships with animals. Missionary activity in the late 19th century introduced trade goods and diseases and shifted economies, but Yup'ik continued many cultural practices. Analysis of the belt's teeth provides insights into both past Yup'ik life and long-term ecological conditions.
The Don Oso Program in southern Sangay National Park, Ecuador aims to conserve Andean bears through environmental education, scientific research, training local para-biologists to monitor bears, and reducing human-wildlife conflicts. The program partners local non-profits, universities, and park officials. They developed a participatory monitoring protocol using camera traps to identify individual bears on private and community lands, both inside and outside the park. Training local para-biologists and park guards in monitoring methods aims to ensure long-term conservation of this threatened species. Preliminary results show camera traps successfully identify bears and the training program is building local capacity and acceptance of conservation efforts.
Keynote: Tanya Berger Wolf + Dan Rubenstein, Wildbook - AI and Humans Combatt...Sri Ambati
This session was recorded in San Francisco on February 5th, 2019 and can be viewed here: https://youtu.be/Ksco3BaoAXw
Abstract: Photographs, taken by field scientists, tourists, automated cameras, and incidental photographers, are the most abundant source of data on wildlife today. Wildbook, a project of tech for conservation non-profit Wild Me, is an autonomous computational system that starts from massive collections of images and, by detecting various species of animals and identifying individuals, combined with sophisticated data management, turns them into high resolution information database, enabling scientific inquiry, conservation, and citizen science. We have built Wildbooks for over 20 species of animals, including whales (flukebook.org), sharks (whaleshark.org), giraffes (giraffespotter.org), and, with H2O.ai's help, working on elephants. In January 2016, Wildbook enabled the first ever full species (the endangered Grevy's zebra) census using photographs taken by ordinary citizens in Kenya.The resulting numbers are now the official species census used by IUCN Red List and we repeated the effort in 2018, becoming the first certified census from an outside organization accepted by the Kenyan government. Wildbook is becoming the data foundation for wildlife science, conservation, and policy. Read more: Fast Company(TM) article
Bio: Berger-Wolf is a Professor of Computer Science at UIC, where she heads the Computational Population Biology Lab, and a co-founder of machine learning for wildlife conservation tech Wildbook, a project of WildMe.org, which she directs. Berger-Wolf holds a Ph.D. from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. She has received numerous awards for her research and mentoring, including the US National Science Foundation CAREER Award, Association for Women in Science Chicago Innovator Award, and the UIC Mentor of the Year Award.
This document summarizes a study on herbivore populations in northern Botswana. Researchers from Round River Conservation Studies conducted wildlife surveys using distance sampling methods in four community areas over four seasons, from 2013 to 2015. For the 2015 dry season, the numbers of elephants, giraffes, kudus, impalas, and zebras showed no significant increases or decreases compared to previous seasons. Habitat use by these five species was also analyzed but no clear trends were found. The study aims to monitor population trends over time to inform conservation management and assess the impact of Botswana's hunting ban.
More plants and animals to be saved from extinction __ Saving our SpeciesDiane Robinson
The NSW Government is investing $100 million over five years in Saving our Species (SoS), NSW's threatened species conservation program. The funds will support over 240 conservation projects targeting site-managed, iconic, and landscape-managed species, as well as data-deficient species. Key objectives are to maximize the number of threatened species that can survive securely in the wild in NSW and control threats such as invasive predators. Projects involve improving habitat, controlling threats like weeds and foxes, monitoring species responses, and supporting on-park and private land conservation. Partnerships with other organizations will help maximize resources and ensure long-term sustainability of projects beyond the initial five-year funding commitment.
Dafeng zhonghua elk garden scenic spot, yancheng city, jiangsu provinceJourney Han
1) The Jiangsu Dafeng Elk National Nature Reserve is located in Yancheng City, Jiangsu Province. It is the world's largest elk nature reserve with over 2,000 elk.
2) The reserve was established in 1986 after importing elk from the UK. It has since grown to become an important ecotourism destination receiving over 1 million visitors.
3) The elk population has increased 25-fold at the reserve, making it a success story for species conservation and restoration of the elk population to the wild. The reserve now supports a variety of wildlife and has become an important wetland ecosystem.
This study tested the use of photographic mark-recapture techniques to estimate the population of Nile crocodiles at Sunset Dam in Kruger National Park. Researchers photographed and identified individual crocodiles based on unique patterns on their tails over four days. Applying mark-recapture models, they found the population size was accurately estimated and that mornings yielded more visible crocodiles than afternoons. The non-invasive photographic method provides a better technique for monitoring crocodile populations than methods requiring handling or tagging.
The Global Tapestry of Penguins: An In-Depth Exploration of 2023 Populations ...AnimalPlanet2
This compelling essay delves into the fascinating world of penguins, providing a detailed examination of their populations across various nations in 2023. With a rich British accent, the narrative not only presents surprising population numbers but also underscores the collaborative efforts of renowned organizations such as the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and BirdLife International.
This document evaluates the Wildlife Conservation Society's (WCS) alternative livelihood project in Cross River State, Nigeria that aims to reduce bushmeat hunting by providing alternative income sources like beekeeping and snail farming. The study assessed the program's success by interviewing 57 hunters trained across 35 villages in 3 divisions - Mbe, Afi and Okwango. It found that only 10.5% of hunters at Mbe, 23.8% at Afi, and 43.8% at Okwango remained actively involved in beekeeping. Over 45% of hunters trained at each site reported still engaging in hunting, suggesting the program had limited success in reducing hunting behavior. The document recommends improving monitoring,
Three species of vultures in South Asia, including the white-rumped vulture, have seen their populations decline by over 90% in recent decades due to the use of the veterinary drug diclofenac. Diclofenac is toxic to vultures and causes kidney failure when they eat the remains of livestock treated with the drug. Conservation efforts are underway to breed vultures in captivity and ban dangerous drugs, but diclofenac contamination of the vultures' food supply still threatens their survival. International organizations like IUCN are working with countries in the region to establish protected zones and continue conservation actions to save South Asia's critically endangered vultures from extinction.
The document discusses three topics related to conservation:
1) A decline in biodiversity of farmed plants and livestock is threatening future food supplies as only 30 crops account for 95% of calories and 22% of livestock breeds are at risk of extinction. Preserving genetic diversity is important for adapting to climate change.
2) Canaima National Park in Venezuela protects unique table mountain formations and is habitat for diverse wildlife, though under threat from resource extraction. The park is also important for hydroelectric power and inhabited by indigenous Pemón people.
3) The illegal wildlife trade is a lucrative $8-20 billion industry, driving poaching of rhinos and elephants for traditional medicine and ornamental demand in Asia. This dec
This document summarizes a small mammal observational survey conducted in Riverside Park and surrounding areas from winter to spring 2013. The survey route covered over 2 miles through different habitats within and around the park. The purpose was to record which mammal species reside in the area to inform the Urban Ecology Center and begin a record of first sightings. Common mammals observed included mice, voles, bats, squirrels, and more. The survey aimed to establish a long-term monitoring project to better understand urban wildlife in the park.
The document summarizes research on killer whales (orcas) in Western Australia. It discusses two populations: one that hunts humpback whale calves off Ningaloo Coast in winter ("the gang of four") and another found offshore south of Bremer in summer that eats various prey like squid and small whales. For the Ningaloo group, the winter of 2015 saw a record number of sightings and humpback calf kills. In 2016, fewer sightings occurred but a new calf was identified. The south coast population is also studied, with various cetaceans like sperm whales and dolphins observed alongside the orcas in summer 2016. Diet analysis is a focus to understand prey preferences between killer whale groups
Panthera is an organization devoted to preserving wild cats and their ecosystems. It develops strategies based on science to protect cheetahs, jaguars, leopards, lions, pumas, snow leopards and tigers. WildAid's mission is to end the illegal wildlife trade by changing consumer behavior. WildCRU was founded in 1986 and conducts original research to achieve practical conservation solutions, particularly for wild cats including lions. The document provides background on these three organizations and then summarizes a report on the crisis facing Africa's lions, whose populations have declined 43% in the past two decades due to loss of habitat and threats like retaliatory killing and bushmeat hunting.
The document summarizes WCS's efforts to combat illegal wildlife trade and poaching in Uganda through engaging Chinese enterprises. It discusses WCS's vision of wildlife thriving globally. It then outlines that WCS aims to conserve over 50% of global biodiversity while benefiting people. It provides background on elephant poaching reducing Uganda's population from 30,000 to 2,000 and discusses targeting demand from China. WCS's project focuses on changing behavior of high-risk Chinese businesses in Uganda to reduce ivory demand and poaching pressure.
This document summarizes a study exploring how traditional ecological knowledge, practices, and beliefs in Avu Lagoon, Ghana led to the discovery and protection of the sitatunga antelope, a species previously thought to be extinct in Ghana. Interviews with local residents and research in the area found that traditional beliefs and hunting of sitatunga played a role in its scientific discovery. These traditions are now being integrated into the community-led conservation of the species and its habitat. The complexities and benefits of combining traditional and scientific knowledge in conservation are discussed.
This document provides an overview of climate change vulnerabilities and potential adaptation strategies for 20 species of African megafauna. It discusses how these species are economically and culturally important for tourism, conservation, sport hunting, and game ranching. While extensively studied, little research has examined how these species may be impacted by climate change. The document conducts an initial vulnerability assessment based on each species' exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity. Key vulnerabilities include dependence on surface water, heat stress, and lack of habitat connectivity. Suggested adaptation strategies include provision of water/shade, improving habitat connectivity, captive breeding, translocation, and reintroduction.
Semelhante a Sever-wild translocations in ugand-review.2021 (20)
Sever-Okapi&MaramagamboForest-Uganda2024.pdfZvi Sever
Sever, Z. and Geffen, E. 2024. The north of the Maramagambo Reserve in Uganda does not fit the requirements of the okapi. The Zoological Society of Israel, 60th Conference, Abstracts, p.19. (Origin: Hebrew)
סבר-אוקפי-מחקר-יער מרמגמבו-אוגנדה-2024.pdfZvi Sever
סבר, צ. וגפן, א. 2024. צפון שמורת מראמאגמבו באוגנדה אינה מתאימה לדרישות האוקפי. הכנס
ה- 60 של העמותה לזואולוגיה בישראל, האוניברסיטה הפתוחה, רעננה, 16 לאפריל 2024, חוברת
תקצירים: עמ' 19.
The new Islamic Empire-Zvi Sever Pub. Oct.2023.pdfZvi Sever
Zvi Sever has published several documents discussing the potential emergence of a new Islamic empire, including a 2008 edited volume comprising 23 papers outlining expected borders and a 2011 opinion piece advocating for an incremental "patches" approach to expansion. His work on Islamic geopolitics can also be found through his SlideShare profile online.
Sever-Some of the first Okapis origin-2020.pdfZvi Sever
Sever, Z. (2020). Some of the first okapis were discovered in the Semuliki N.P. in Uganda.
The Zoological Society of Israel, 57th Conference, Abstracts, p.10. (Origin: Hebrew)
Sever-Dilemmas Ehical code Space-COSPAR Sc. Assembly-2022.pdfZvi Sever
Sever, Z. Dilemmas encountered in establishing the Ethical Code for Outer Space. 2022. 44th COSPAR Scientific Assembly. Held 16-24 July, 2022. Abstract PSSH.1-0018-22.
Online, at https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2022cosp...44.3430S/abstract .
Abstract PSSH.1-0018-22.
Sever-Abs.-Ethical Code Space-IAC 2021.pdfZvi Sever
Sever, Z. 2021. The ethical code for outer space. 72nd International Astronautical Congress (IAC2021, Dubai, United Arab Emirates), Paper ID: 62017, 5 pp.
SEVER-Ethical Code for Spce in SRT2020.pdfZvi Sever
Space activity raises new ethical issues that current frameworks do not fully address. A proposed ethical code for space activity focuses on four principles: the benefit and well-being of all humanity regardless of nationality, the preservation of outer space for peaceful purposes, the protection of the space environment, and international cooperation. The code aims to provide guidance for responsible behavior in space to ensure its exploration, development, and use benefit all people.
The document summarizes a study on the readiness of Semuliki National Park in Uganda to receive okapis. It finds that the park previously held okapis until the 1970s and still occasionally sees them. The park has suitable okapi habitat of 210 square kilometers of forest at the right altitude and with key food plants. This habitat could support around 30 female okapis within territories of 4-7 square kilometers each and 12 male okapis within 17 square kilometer territories, for a total capacity of about 42 adult okapis.
Sever-conservation translocations-rev.2021Zvi Sever
Sever, Z. (2021). Review: Conservation translocations. Submitted to Uganda wildlife authority (UWA) as a background towards "The Okapi restoration to Uganda project",
January, 50 pp.
Travis Hills of MN is Making Clean Water Accessible to All Through High Flux ...Travis Hills MN
By harnessing the power of High Flux Vacuum Membrane Distillation, Travis Hills from MN envisions a future where clean and safe drinking water is accessible to all, regardless of geographical location or economic status.
The binding of cosmological structures by massless topological defectsSérgio Sacani
Assuming spherical symmetry and weak field, it is shown that if one solves the Poisson equation or the Einstein field
equations sourced by a topological defect, i.e. a singularity of a very specific form, the result is a localized gravitational
field capable of driving flat rotation (i.e. Keplerian circular orbits at a constant speed for all radii) of test masses on a thin
spherical shell without any underlying mass. Moreover, a large-scale structure which exploits this solution by assembling
concentrically a number of such topological defects can establish a flat stellar or galactic rotation curve, and can also deflect
light in the same manner as an equipotential (isothermal) sphere. Thus, the need for dark matter or modified gravity theory is
mitigated, at least in part.
The cost of acquiring information by natural selectionCarl Bergstrom
This is a short talk that I gave at the Banff International Research Station workshop on Modeling and Theory in Population Biology. The idea is to try to understand how the burden of natural selection relates to the amount of information that selection puts into the genome.
It's based on the first part of this research paper:
The cost of information acquisition by natural selection
Ryan Seamus McGee, Olivia Kosterlitz, Artem Kaznatcheev, Benjamin Kerr, Carl T. Bergstrom
bioRxiv 2022.07.02.498577; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.07.02.498577
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically youngSérgio Sacani
The Milky Way’s (MW) inner stellar halo contains an [Fe/H]-rich component with highly eccentric orbits, often referred to as the
‘last major merger.’ Hypotheses for the origin of this component include Gaia-Sausage/Enceladus (GSE), where the progenitor
collided with the MW proto-disc 8–11 Gyr ago, and the Virgo Radial Merger (VRM), where the progenitor collided with the
MW disc within the last 3 Gyr. These two scenarios make different predictions about observable structure in local phase space,
because the morphology of debris depends on how long it has had to phase mix. The recently identified phase-space folds in Gaia
DR3 have positive caustic velocities, making them fundamentally different than the phase-mixed chevrons found in simulations
at late times. Roughly 20 per cent of the stars in the prograde local stellar halo are associated with the observed caustics. Based
on a simple phase-mixing model, the observed number of caustics are consistent with a merger that occurred 1–2 Gyr ago.
We also compare the observed phase-space distribution to FIRE-2 Latte simulations of GSE-like mergers, using a quantitative
measurement of phase mixing (2D causticality). The observed local phase-space distribution best matches the simulated data
1–2 Gyr after collision, and certainly not later than 3 Gyr. This is further evidence that the progenitor of the ‘last major merger’
did not collide with the MW proto-disc at early times, as is thought for the GSE, but instead collided with the MW disc within
the last few Gyr, consistent with the body of work surrounding the VRM.
EWOCS-I: The catalog of X-ray sources in Westerlund 1 from the Extended Weste...Sérgio Sacani
Context. With a mass exceeding several 104 M⊙ and a rich and dense population of massive stars, supermassive young star clusters
represent the most massive star-forming environment that is dominated by the feedback from massive stars and gravitational interactions
among stars.
Aims. In this paper we present the Extended Westerlund 1 and 2 Open Clusters Survey (EWOCS) project, which aims to investigate
the influence of the starburst environment on the formation of stars and planets, and on the evolution of both low and high mass stars.
The primary targets of this project are Westerlund 1 and 2, the closest supermassive star clusters to the Sun.
Methods. The project is based primarily on recent observations conducted with the Chandra and JWST observatories. Specifically,
the Chandra survey of Westerlund 1 consists of 36 new ACIS-I observations, nearly co-pointed, for a total exposure time of 1 Msec.
Additionally, we included 8 archival Chandra/ACIS-S observations. This paper presents the resulting catalog of X-ray sources within
and around Westerlund 1. Sources were detected by combining various existing methods, and photon extraction and source validation
were carried out using the ACIS-Extract software.
Results. The EWOCS X-ray catalog comprises 5963 validated sources out of the 9420 initially provided to ACIS-Extract, reaching a
photon flux threshold of approximately 2 × 10−8 photons cm−2
s
−1
. The X-ray sources exhibit a highly concentrated spatial distribution,
with 1075 sources located within the central 1 arcmin. We have successfully detected X-ray emissions from 126 out of the 166 known
massive stars of the cluster, and we have collected over 71 000 photons from the magnetar CXO J164710.20-455217.
Describing and Interpreting an Immersive Learning Case with the Immersion Cub...Leonel Morgado
Current descriptions of immersive learning cases are often difficult or impossible to compare. This is due to a myriad of different options on what details to include, which aspects are relevant, and on the descriptive approaches employed. Also, these aspects often combine very specific details with more general guidelines or indicate intents and rationales without clarifying their implementation. In this paper we provide a method to describe immersive learning cases that is structured to enable comparisons, yet flexible enough to allow researchers and practitioners to decide which aspects to include. This method leverages a taxonomy that classifies educational aspects at three levels (uses, practices, and strategies) and then utilizes two frameworks, the Immersive Learning Brain and the Immersion Cube, to enable a structured description and interpretation of immersive learning cases. The method is then demonstrated on a published immersive learning case on training for wind turbine maintenance using virtual reality. Applying the method results in a structured artifact, the Immersive Learning Case Sheet, that tags the case with its proximal uses, practices, and strategies, and refines the free text case description to ensure that matching details are included. This contribution is thus a case description method in support of future comparative research of immersive learning cases. We then discuss how the resulting description and interpretation can be leveraged to change immersion learning cases, by enriching them (considering low-effort changes or additions) or innovating (exploring more challenging avenues of transformation). The method holds significant promise to support better-grounded research in immersive learning.
Describing and Interpreting an Immersive Learning Case with the Immersion Cub...
Sever-wild translocations in ugand-review.2021
1. 1
January 2021
Review: Wildlife translocations in Uganda
Submitted to Uganda wildlife authority (UWA) as a background towards "The Okapi
restoration to Uganda project"
Zvi Sever, Ph. D., sever.zvi@gmail.com
Contents
9102 -Giraffes reintroduction-from Murchison Falls N.P. into Pian Upe W.R.......................1
-The transportation by Zoo Magazine- 2019.................................................................3
-UWA to move giraffes to Pian Upe-2019.....................................................................3
-The status of Uganda's Giraffes and the need for translocations/reintroduction-2019 .......3
-2017-2019 –Relocation of Rothschild’s giraffes- 2019.................................................4
-2015-2019–Trans location of Giraffas, Kobs and restocking Impalas and Zebra-2019 .......5
2018 – Translocation of Impalas into Pian Upe Wildlife Reserve.........................................5
2017 - Giraffe translocations across the Nile River............................................................6
-100 Kobs were transferred from Murchison falls NP to Kidepo valley NP- 2017...............6
2016- Giraffe translocations from Murchison Falls NP to Mburi Valley NP ..........................7
-1997-2016 –records of Rothschild’s Giraffe translocations in and to Uganda-2016 ..........7
2015 - Giraffes were translocated to Lake Mburo National Park.........................................7
2009 -the re-establishment of the southern white rhino in Uganda....................................7
2004 - Translocation of white Rhinos to "Ziwa Rhino Sanctuary"........................................8
2001 –Moving elephants from settlements to the Murchison Falls NP. ...............................9
1997 - Promote the Rhino reintroduction to Kidepo Valley National Park............................9
1995 - Reintroduced chimpanzee repeatedly returned to human settlements.......................10
--------------------------------
9102 -Giraffes reintroduction-from Murchison Falls N.P. into Pian Upe W.R.
https://www.atta.travel/news/2019/11/giraffe-translocation-enhances-tourism-at-
uganda-wildlife-reserve/
Giraffes were translocated from Murchison Falls National Park into Pian Upe
Wildlife Reserve.
The Uganda Wildlife Authority (UWA) released this week the first batch of 5
Rothschild giraffes into Pian Upe Wildlife Reserve in Eastern Uganda as part of the
reintroduction exercise that will see a total of 15 giraffes (5 male and 10 females)
reintroduced into the reserve.
2. 2
According to UWA Communications Manager Bashir Hangi, the giraffes were trans-
located from Murchison Falls National Park. Dr. Panta Kasoma, representing the
Chairman of the UWA Board of Trustees, presided over the release of the giraffes in
the wild. Present was a member of UWA Board of Trustees including Mr. Leonard
Wamakote of UWA management, leaders of districts neighboring the reserve, and
community members. Dr. Kasoma said that the re-introduction of giraffes in Pian Upe
Wildlife Reserve is in line with UWA’s strategic objectives among which is the
reintroduction of extinct species.
“This exercise- addresses one of our key conservation objective[s] of restoring and
managing viable populations of extinct or endangered species.
We are happy that we now have giraffes in Pian Upe after very many years, and we
hope this will further enhance tourism in the reserve.” he said. Dr. Kasoma further
added that in addition to increased tourism, other benefits such as employment, sale of
food and crafts, as well as accommodation, increased revenue sharing, and other
indirect economic benefits will be realized.
The 3-week translocation exercise will enhance the long-term survival of the species
and restore natural biodiversity and long-term economic benefits to the entire wildlife
conservation value chain. It will also enable communities with cultural attachment to
the giraffe to participate in its conservation, enhance the conservation value of Pian
Upe Wildlife Reserve by reintroducing one of its indigenous species that had become
extinct there, and diversifying tourism products with associated ecological and
economic benefits while at the same time re-enforcing and supplementing dwindling
populations to enhance biodiversity and ecosystem balance and utilization.
The translocation is being undertaken with support from the Giraffe Conservation
Foundation and Chayenne Mountain Zoo in the United States. Uganda Wildlife
Conservation Education Centre (UWEC) and Makerere University are also
participating in the exercise.
Pain Upe Wildlife Reserve- is the largest wildlife reserve and the second largest
protected area (after MFNP) in Uganda, covering an area of 2,043 km2. It was
established by a Statutory Instrument (SI) No. 220 of 1964 and amended by SI No.
136 of 1965 as a reserve. It is located in Nakapiripirit and Amudat districts and
bordered by Napak, Katakwi, Kumi, Kween, Bulambuli, and Bukedea districts.
3. 3
History has not been kind to the giraffes in Uganda. Rinderpest wiped out the giraffe
population in the Ankole region (western Uganda), while in the north and northeast,
the population decimation was largely a result of armed conflict, trophy hunting, and
poaching for meat. These incidents led to local extinction of giraffe in Matheniko by
the end of 1968 then Bokora and Pian Upe by the end of 1996. These threats have
now been greatly reduced by law enforcement in the protected areas, and through
significant veterinary monitoring and improved community relations.
According to GCF, Uganda hosts the largest number of nubian or rothschild’s giraffe
totaling 1,650. The species was listed as endangered on the IUCN (International
Union for Conservation of Nature) Red List in 2010.
-The transportation by Zoo Magazine- 2019
https://www.cmzoo.org/news/archive/operation-twiga-iv-establishing-a-new-
population-of-critically-endangered-nubian-giraffe-in-uganda/
-UWA to move giraffes to Pian Upe-2019
https://necjogha.com/2019/11/14/uwa-to-move-giraffes-to-pian-upe/
UWA to move giraffes to Pian Upe
-The status of Uganda's Giraffes and the need for translocations/reintroduction-
2019
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2351989419300083
All the eggs in one basket: A countrywide assessment of current and historical giraffe
population distribution in Uganda
Author -Michael B.Browna
Douglas T.Bolgerb
JulianFennessyc
Abstract
To design effective conservation and management strategies at the national scale, it is
important to consider population trends across space and time. Here we assessed the
4. 4
near threatened Rothschild's giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis rothschildi) in Uganda.
We applied individual-based photographic surveys to generate abundance estimates
for all extant populations, using either mark-recapture estimates or
complete enumeration, and reviewed available historical records to reconstruct the
population history of giraffe in Uganda. Although anecdotal evidence from the early
20th century suggests giraffe were widely distributed and abundant, the earliest
quantitative estimates from the 1960's suggest a countrywide population of nearly
1,800 individuals across five major populations. Between the 1960's and the 1990's,
giraffe numbers in Uganda declined by approximately 90%; such that at the nadir in
the early 1990's, there were fewer than 100 giraffe and three of five populations went
locally extinct. Multiple lines of evidence attribute this decline to increased illegal
hunting caused by widespread political and social instability.
Populations rebounded from mid 1990's to the mid 2010's with current national
estimates of approximately 1,400 adult/subadult individuals, mostly attributed to
the growth of a single population in northern Murchison Falls National Park
(MFNP). Our recent mark-recapture estimates for northern MFNP indicate the
adult/subadult population size is 1,318 (±27.6 SE) giraffe – accounting for over 90%
of the current total population in Uganda, thereby creating an “all the eggs in one
basket” risk. Recent conservation measures by management authorities seek to
spread this risk by translocating individuals from MFNP to several other locations to
reinforce existing populations or create new populations. The increase in the
northern MFNP giraffe population suggests that it can serve as a source for these
translocations, and the understanding of historical distribution can be used to inform
future reintroduction and reinforcement efforts.
-2017-2019 –Relocation of Rothschild’s giraffes- 2019
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/2019/09/bold-plan-to-save-africas-
giraffes-feature/
A bold plan to save Africa’s shrinking giraffe herds, October 2019
The mysterious, silent giants face increasing threats in Africa. Relocating animals to
create new populations could bolster some species but poses new risks.
The giraffe and 17 others were moved from the north of Uganda’s Murchison Falls
National Park—where poaching and new dams and roads threaten the species—across the
Nile to the park’s south end.
In the past two years- the GCF has orchestrated three other giraffe translocations,
including two inside Uganda’s Murchison Falls National Park, which required ferrying
animals across the Nile River.
Wildlife officials load 3 Rothschild’s giraffes into a truck lined with leafy branches for the
animals to snack on during their journey to a new part of Uganda’s Murchison Falls
National Park. The trio was part of a project that relocated 19 of the endangered giraffes.
M O V I N G G I R A F F E S A C R O S S T H E N I L E
5. 5
Wildlife officials load three Rothschild’s giraffes into a truck lined with leafy branches for
the animals to snack on during their journey to a new part of Uganda’s Murchison Falls
National Park. The trio was part of a project that relocated 19 of the endangered giraffes
During a 2017 -translocation in Uganda, three animals died from stresses related to being
captured, and another died while it was being moved.
-2015-2019–Trans location of Giraffas, Kobs and restocking Impalas and Zebra-
2019
https://www.atta.travel/news/2019/11/giraffe-translocation-enhances-tourism-at-
uganda-wildlife-reserve/
In June 2015, eTN published a similar article in which giraffes were translocated to
Lake Mburo National Park in Western Uganda. Since then, UWA has embarked on
similar exercises involving the translocation of giraffes from the northern to the
southern bank, and over 50 kobs to Pian Upe. The UWA veterinary unit has also
completed the first phase of restocking impalas and zebra from Lake Mburo
National Park to Katonga Wildlife Reserve which forms part of the Kibale Forest
National Park Conservation Area.
2018 – Translocation of Impalas into Pian Upe Wildlife Reserve
https://www.atta.travel/news/2019/11/giraffe-translocation-enhances-tourism-at-
uganda-wildlife-reserve/
On behalf of the Executive Director, the UWA Deputy Director of Field Operations,
Mr. Charles Tumwesigye, said that in a bid to enhance the tourism potential of Pian
Upe Wildlife Reserve, UWA last year translocated 92 impalas into the reserve.
He added that UWA’s efforts to protect the wildlife in the reserve has also resulted in
increasing the numbers of- roan antelope, eland, zebra, hartebeest, and cheetah among
others.
7. 7
2016- Giraffe translocations from Murchison Falls NP to Mburi Valley NP
https://www.primeugandasafaris.com/blog/enhancing-ecological-diversity-story-
internal-animal-translocation-uganda-uganda-safari-news.html
-1997-2016 –records of Rothschild’s Giraffe translocations in and to Uganda-
2016
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/328855133_Rothschild's_giraffe_Giraffa_camelo
pardalis_rothschildi_Linnaeus_1758_in_East_Africa_A_review_of_population_trends_taxon
omy_and_conservation_status
Raw. Z.(2018) Rothschild’s giraffe Giraffa camelopardalis rothschildi (Linnaeus, 1758) in
East Africa: A review of population trends, taxonomy and conservation status.
on trends, taxonomy and conservation status
November 2018, By Zoe Raw, African Journal of Ecology 57(1)
DOI: 10.1111/aje.12578
Table 3 -shows the lists of all available records of Rothschild’s giraffe translocations
throughout Kenya and Uganda.
1997- from Lake Nakuru in Kenya to Kidepu valley NP – 3 specimens
2015- from Murchison falls NP to Lake Mburu NP - 15 specimens
2016- in Murchison falls NP from north to south side of Nile river - 17 specimens
2015 - Giraffes were translocated to Lake Mburo National Park
https://www.atta.travel/news/2019/11/giraffe-translocation-enhances-tourism-at-
uganda-wildlife-reserve/
In June 2015, eTN published a similar article in which giraffes were translocated to
Lake Mburo National Park in Western Uganda.
2009 -the re-establishment of the southern white rhino in Uganda
http://awsassets.panda.org/downloads/rhinotransguidelines.pdf
IUCN-Guidelines for the in situ Re-introduction and Translocation of African and Asian
Rhinoceros Edited by Richard H Emslie, Rajan Amin & Richard Kock. 2009. 117 pp.
See pages: 11; 23; 27; 43;
p. 11-
Strictly speaking the re-establishment of southern white rhino in Uganda is an
introduction; as in this case a population of southern white rhino, Ceratotherium simum
simum, has been established outside its natural range instead of re-introducing the
8. 8
indigenous northern white rhino subspecies, C. s. cottoni due to the latter’s extreme rarity
and the almost zero probability of Uganda getting any founder C. s. cottoni animals for the
foreseeable future, and possibly ever.
At the time of writing, the future survival of C. s. cottoni is precarious, and should this
subspecies go extinct, the introduction of southern white rhino to Uganda would in effect
have been a substitution.
p. 23-
White rhino translocation history in East Africa
Out of range southern white rhino were introduced to a number of locations in Kenya and
have since bred well with translocation contributing to further increases in numbers and
range.
Due to the fact that it was not possible to get indigenous northern white rhino to re-
introduce into Uganda, southern white rhino from Kenya have helped to re-establish this
species in Uganda. In Kenya, government policy is to support a white rhino population for
the purpose of regional establishment, and with private ownership possible for this species,
it is a useful tool for tourism and can help drive private sector and community wildlife
conservation initiatives.
The white rhino is a more visible and manageable species than the black rhino, making it an
attractive commercial proposition. While the subspecies is out of range, the species is
probably not alien to Kenya. This is because the two white rhino subspecies are not likely to
have evolved independently, and therefore sometime in the past, there must have been a
continuous distribution of white rhino from east-central Africa to southern Africa prior to
the ranges of the two current subspecies becoming widely separated. A fossilized skull of a
white rhino from Oldupai Gorge in northern Tanzania and a fossilised jaw bone in Kenya
supports this logical conclusion. Thus- if one were to go back far enough in time, it is
probable that some form of white rhino were indigenous to Kenya.
p. 27-
Black rhino translocation history in East Africa
Historically the eastern black rhino subspecies D. b. michaeli -ranged from southern Sudan,
Ethiopia, and Somalia through Uganda, Rwanda, Kenya and into north-central Tanzania
(Emslie & Brooks, 1999), but in 2007 it is only found in Kenya, Tanzania and there maybe
one rhino remaining in Rwanda. A further Key2-rated out of range population has also been
established in South Africa.
p. 43-
*Rhinos should be of the correct subspecies for the proposed recipient area, with the
possible exception being where it may no longer be possible to source founder rhino of the
indigenous subspecies but where founder rhino of another subspecies are available to at
least allow the species to be re-introduced (e.g. where it was not possible to obtain
northern white rhino to reintroduce into Uganda).
2004 - Translocation of white Rhinos to "Ziwa Rhino Sanctuary"
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1940082918806805
In 2002, an area in central Uganda was selected as suitable for white rhinos due to its “short
grassland in open and wooded areas” and a predicted ability to support at least 20 animals
(see Brett, 2002). A 64.2-km2 fenced ranch was established in 2004 and is now called “Ziwa
9. 9
Rhino Sanctuary” (hereafter “Ziwa,” Figure 1, inset). Six rhinos were introduced: four from
the Solio Ranch in Kenya and two from the Disney Animal Kingdom, USA.
2001 –Moving elephants from settlements to the Murchison Falls NP.
No internet site- for PDF write the article headline.
Easton, J. (2009). Feasibility report for the re-introduction of African elephants to
Nyungwe national park, Rwanda. WCS Rwanda. 56 pp.
p. 16-
p. 36- Let us ask for exchange- getting Okapi and deliver Elephants..
-If possible-see:
Wambwa, E., Manyibe, T., Litoroh, M., Gakuya, F. & Kanyingi, J. (2001). Resolving
humanelephant conflict in Luwero District, Uganda, through elephant translocation.—
Pachyderm 31: 58-62.
1997 - Promote the Rhino reintroduction to Kidepo Valley National Park
https://www.thegef.org/sites/default/files/project_documents/12-20-
12%2520Project%2520Document%2520PAD%2520resub.pdf
Conservation and Sustainable Use of the Threatened Savanna Woodland in the Kidepo
Critical Landscape in North Eastern Uganda. 2014. 137 pp.
p. 35.-
114. Wildlife Poaching. Wildlife in KVNP and other PAs in Uganda suffered a great
deal during the 1970s and early 1980s when poaching was intensified by the
breakdown of law and general order in the country. There were 50 black rhinos
(Bicornis bicornis) in KVNP in 1971 but only 16 remained in 1978 due to heavy
poaching for rhino horn. The last rhino was seen in 1983, and recent rhino
reintroductions to Uganda have been carried out in Naksongola District.
10. 11
p. 66-
237. The Rhino fund is a partnership with UWA established in 1997 to promote the
reintroduction of rhinoceros to their original habitat in protected areas (including Kidepo
Valley National Park); promote breeding programs to ensure the long term viability of
reintroduced rhinoceros populations; to educate district governments and local
communities about rhinos and other endangered species; and to generate funds in support
of translocation, protection, and management of the reintroduced rhinoceros
populations. For this project, the Rhino Fund will provide technical support and co-finance
improved security, enforcement and training of the rangers.
1995 - Reintroduced chimpanzee repeatedly returned to human settlements
https://www.conservationevidence.com/intervention/view/1553
Conduct veterinary screens of animals before reintroducing/translocating them
Four studies, including three before-and-after studies, in Liberia, the Republilc of Congo and
Guinea found that most reintroduced chimpanzees that underwent veterinary screens,
alongside other interventions, survived over 1-5 years. One before and after study in
Uganda found that a reintroduced chimpanzee repeatedly returned to human settlements
after undergoing pre-release veterinary screens, alongside other interventions.
A- before-and-after study in 1995 in Kibale National Park, Uganda found that a
female captive, 4-6 year old wild-born chimpanzee Pan troglodytes
schweinfurthii that underwent veterinary screens alongside other interventions,
repeatedly returned to human settlements after her release and was subsequently
returned to captivity. Eight days after her initial release, she left the forest and was
brought back into the forest. The following ten days, she travelled, fed, nested and
engaged in social activities with the wild community. During this time, she increased
ranging distance to humans and use of height, and visually monitored humans less
regularly. However, the proportion of adult males in her vicinity decreased and she
increasingly spent time alone. She was returned to captivity six weeks after her
release.
A veterinary team administered a test of skin reactivity to tuberculin antigen to which
she tested negative prior to her release. She underwent pre-release training for three
weeks before reintroduction into habitat with a resident wild community. During this
time, she was also quarantined. At least ten community members worked on the
project. The study does not distinguish between the effects of the different
interventions mentioned above.
-see also:
Junker, J., Kühl, H. S., Orth, L., Smith, R. K., Petrovan, S. O., & Sutherland, W. J.,(2020)
Primate conservation. Chapter 7 in Sutherland, W. J., Dicks, L. V., Silviu O. Petrovan, S. O.,
and Smith, R. K., (Eds.) What works in conservation. In: Open book publishers site
https://www.openbookpublishers.com/htmlreader/978-1-78374-833-4/ch7.xhtml
one of the editors- Andrew J. Plumptre, Wildlife Conservation Society, Uganda
11. 11
p. 456-
Implement quarantine for primates before reintroduction/translocation
Six studies, including four before-and-after studies, in Brazil, Madagascar, Malaysia and
Indonesia have found- that most reintroduced primates did not survive or their population
size decreased over periods ranging from months up to seven years post-release, despite
being quarantined before release, alongside other interventions. However, two before-and-
after studies in Indonesia, the Republic of Congo and Gabon found that most orangutans and
gorillas that underwent quarantine -survived over a period ranging from three months to 10
years. One before-and-after study in Uganda found that one reintroduced chimpanzee
repeatedly returned to human settlements after being quarantined before release alongside
other interventions. Assessment: unknown effectiveness — limited evidence (effectiveness
50%; certainty 10%; harms 0%).
Ref. for Uganda:
Implement quarantine for primates before reintroduction/translocation - Conservation
Evidence
A before-and-after-trial in 1995 in Kibale National Park,-
Uganda found that a female captive, 4-6 year old wild-born chimpanzee Pan troglodytes
schweinfurthii that was quarantined before reintroduction into a human-habituated
community of wild chimpanzees- alongside other interventions, repeatedly returned to
human settlements post-release and was subsequently returned to captivity. Eight days
after the initial release, she left the forest for the first time and was brought back into the
forest. For the following ten days, she travelled, fed, nested and engaged in social activities
with the wild chimpanzees. During this time, she increased ranging distance to humans and
use of height, and visually monitored humans less regularly. However, the proportion of
adult males in her vicinity decreased and she increasingly spent time alone. She was
returned to captivity six weeks after her release. She was quarantined from humans, other
than her caretakers, and wild chimpanzees and underwent a tuberculosis test. During this
time, she also underwent pre-release training for three weeks before reintroduction into
habitat with a resident wild community. At least ten community members worked on the
project. The study does not distinguish between the effects of the different interventions
mentioned above
Study and other actions tested
Referenced paper
Treves, A. & Naughoton-Treves, L. (1997). Case study of chimpanzee recovered from
poachers and temporarily released with wild conspecific. Primates, 38: 315-324.