This presentation is about rural and urban settlement

1. RURAL & URBAN
SETTLEMENTS

3. LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:
 Define rural-urban migration.
 Differentiate between push and pull factors.
 Discuss the consequences of depopulation.

4. TERMINOLOGY
Rural-urban migration –
it refers to the
movement of
people from rural to
urban areas.
Rural depopulation – it
refers to the decreasing
number of people that
live in rural areas due to
rural-urban migration.

5. Rural-urban
migration
 Why people
leave rural
areas? (Push
factors).
 Why attracted
people to cities?
(Pull factors).

6. Push
factors
Hard work, long hours and low pay.
Poor quality housing.
Poverty and starvation.
Crime.
Lack of electricity.
Travel long distances to access education.

7. Pull factors
Food security.
Improved quality
of life.
Improved housing.
Greater variety of
jobs with higher
wages.
Access to
hospitals.
Access to water
and electricity.

8. Consequences of rural depopulation
In Rural areas:
Buildings and farms are abandoned.
Basic services such as shops and schools
close.
The economy is affected because
production decreases.

9. Consequences
of rural
depopulation
In Urban areas:
 Traffic congestion and pollution
increases.
 Increase in levels of crime.
 Overcrowding.
 Growth of informal settlements.

10. REFERENCE LIST
 Mammoth Memory, n.d. Migration - Geography - Mammoth Memory
Geography. [image] Available at:
<https://mammothmemory.net/geography/geography-vocabulary/urban-
issues-and-challenges/migration.html> [Accessed 24 August 2022].
 Singh, M., Pillay, V. and Chandrabhaon, S., 2020. EXCEL in Geography.
pp.93, 94, & 95.
 Western Cape Government, 2020. Gr. 10 Geography Population
Movements. [image] Available at:
<https://wcedeportal.co.za/eresource/144351> [Accessed 24 August
2022].