Rails 3 overview

con g.ru
# This file is used by Rack-based
# servers to start the application.

require ::File.expand_path(
'../config/environment',
__FILE__
)

run Tutorial::Application

con g/boot.rb
require 'rubygems'

# Set up gems listed in the Gemfile.
gemfile = File.expand_path(
'../../Gemfile',
__FILE__
)

if File.exist?(gemfile)
ENV['BUNDLE_GEMFILE'] = gemfile
require 'bundler'
Bundler.setup
end

Gem le
source 'http://rubygems.org'

gem 'rails', '3.0.0.beta3'
gem 'sqlite3-ruby',
:require => 'sqlite3'

con g/environment.rb
# Load the rails application
require File.expand_path(
'../application',
__FILE__
)

# Initialize the rails application
Tutorial::Application.initialize!

con g/application.rb (1)
require File.expand_path(
'../boot',
__FILE__
)

require 'rails/all'

if defined?(Bundler)
Bundler.require(:default, Rails.env)
end

con g/application.rb (2)
module Tutorial
class Application < Rails::Application
config.encoding = "utf-8"
config.filter_parameters +=
[:password]
end
end

environments/production.rb
Tutorial::Application.configure do
config.cache_classes = true
config.consider_all_requests_local = false
config.action_controller.perform_caching =
true
config.action_dispatch.x_sendfile_header =
"X-Sendfile"
config.serve_static_assets = false
end

initializers/session_store.rb
Rails.application.
config.session_store(
:cookie_store,
:key => '_tutorial_session'
)

script/rails (1)
#!/usr/bin/env ruby
# This command will automatically
# be run when you run "rails" with
# Rails 3 gems installed from the
# root of your application.

ENV_PATH = File.expand_path(
'../../config/environment',
__FILE__
)

script/rails (2)
BOOT_PATH = File.expand_path(
'../../config/boot',
__FILE__
)

APP_PATH = File.expand_path(
'../../config/application',
__FILE__
)

require BOOT_PATH
require 'rails/commands'

app/mailers
$ script/rails g mailer welcome
create app/mailers/welcome.rb
invoke erb
create app/views/welcome
invoke test_unit
create test/functional/welcome_test.rb

app/layouts/application.html.erb
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Tutorial</title>
<%= stylesheet_link_tag :all %>
<%= javascript_include_tag :defaults %>
<%= csrf_meta_tag %>
</head>
<body>

<%= yield %>

</body>
</html>

public/
javascripts/
rails.js

db:create
db:schema:load
db:seed

lib/tasks/setup.rake
task :bundle do
system "bundle install"
end

task :setup => ["bundle", "db:setup"]

Rails Command

★ generate | g ★ destroy
★ console | c ★ benchmarker
★ server | s ★ profiler
★ dbconsole | db ★ plugin
★ application ★ runner

Block Helpers (Before)
<% form_for @post do |f| %>
<% end %>

<% box do %>
<p>Hello World!</p>
<% end %>

def box(&block)
content = "<div class='box'>" <<
capture(&block) << "</div>"

if block_called_from_erb?
concat(content)
else
content
end
end

Block Helpers (After)
<%= box do %>
<p>Hello World!</p>
<% end %>

def box(&block)
"<div class='box'>"
"#{capture(&block)}"
"</div>"
end

def box(&block)
"<div class='box'>"
"#{capture(&block)}"
"</div>".html_safe
end

Note:
Signi cant
Changes Ahead

Also Note:
Old Mapper
Still Available

Matching
map.connect "posts",
:controller => :posts,
:action => :index

Matching
:action => :index

match "posts" => "posts#index"

Matching
:action => :index

match "/posts" => "posts#index"

Optional Segments
match "/posts(/page)" => "posts#index"

Optional Dynamic Segments
match "/posts(/:id)" => "posts#index"

Default Parameters
match "/posts(/:id)" => "posts#index",
:defaults => {:id => 1}

Default Parameters
:id => 1

Named Routes
:id => 1,
:as => "posts"

The Root
root :to => "posts#index"

Path Scope
match "/admin/posts" => "posts#index"
match "/admin/users" => "users#index"

Path Scope
scope :path => "admin" do
match "/users" => "users#index"
end

Path Scope
scope "admin" do
end

Module Scope
match "/posts" => "admin/posts#index"
match "/users" => "admin/users#index"

Module Scope
scope :module => "admin" do
end

Both
match "admin/posts" => "admin/posts#index"
match "admin/users" => "admin/users#index"

Both
namespace "admin" do
end

Get Request
match "/posts" => "posts#index",
:via => "get"

Get Request
get "/posts" => "posts#index"

Scoping
scope "/posts" do
controller :posts do
get "/" => :index
end
end

Scoping

Default Resource Route
scope "/posts" do
get "/" => :index
post "/" => :create
get "/:id" => :show
put "/:id" => :update
delete "/:id" => :delete

get "/new" => :new
get "/:id/edit" => :edit
end
end

Default Resource Route
scope "/posts" do
get "/" => :index, :as => :posts
post "/" => :create
get "/:id" => :show, :as => :post
put "/:id" => :update
delete "/:id" => :delete

get "/new" => :new, :as => :new_post
get "/:id/edit" => :edit, :as => :edit_post
end
end

Regex Constraint
get "/:id" => "posts#index",
:constraints => {:id => /d+/}

Regex Constraint
get "/:id" => "posts#index",
:id => /d+/

Request-Based Constraint
get "/mobile" => "posts#index",
:constraints => {:user_agent => /iPhone/}

:constraints => {:user_agent => /iPhone/},
:defaults => {:mobile => true}

:user_agent => /iPhone/,
:mobile => true

Object Constraints
class DubDubConstraint
def self.matches?(request)
request.host =~ /^(www.)/
end
end

get "/" => "posts#index",
:constraints => DubDubConstraint

Equivalent

get "/posts" =>
PostsController.action(:index)

Rack
>> a = PostsController.action(:index)

Rack
=> #<Proc:0x0000000103d050d0@/Users/
wycats/Code/rails/actionpack/lib/
action_controller/metal.rb:123>

Rack
=> #<Proc:0x0000000103d050d0@/Users/
>> e = Rack::MockRequest.env_for("/")

Rack
=> #<Proc:0x0000000103d050d0@/Users/
=> {"SERVER_NAME"=>"example.org",
"CONTENT_LENGTH"=>"0", ...}

Rack
=> #<Proc:0x0000000103d050d0@/Users/
>> e.call(a)

Rack
=> #<Proc:0x0000000103d050d0@/Users/
>> e.call(a)
=> [200, {"ETag"=>
‘"eca5953f36da05ff351d712d904ef28d"’,
...}

Match to Rack
class MyApp
def call(env)
[200,
{"Content-Type" => "text/html"},
["Hello World"]]
end
end

get "/" => MyApp

Redirection
get "/" => redirect("/foo")

Redirection

get "/:id" => redirect("/posts/%{id}")
get "/:id" => redirect("/posts/%s")

Redirection

get "/:id" => redirect("/posts/%{id}")
get "/:id" => redirect("/posts/%s")

get "/:id" => redirect { |params, req|
...
}

Rack App
def redirect(*args, &block)
options = args.last.is_a?(Hash) ? args.pop : {}

path = args.shift || block
path_proc = path.is_a?(Proc) ? path : proc { |params| path % params }
status = options[:status] || 301
body = 'Moved Permanently'

lambda do |env|
req = Request.new(env)

params = [req.symbolized_path_parameters]
params << req if path_proc.arity > 1

uri = URI.parse(path_proc.call(*params))
uri.scheme ||= req.scheme
uri.host ||= req.host
uri.port ||= req.port unless req.port == 80

headers = {
'Location' => uri.to_s,
'Content-Type' => 'text/html',
'Content-Length' => body.length.to_s
}
[ status, headers, [body] ]
end
end

Rack App
def redirect(*args, &block)
options = args.last.is_a?(Hash) ? args.pop : {}

path = args.shift || block
path_proc = path.is_a?(Proc) ? path : proc { |params| path % params }
status = options[:status] || 301
body = 'Moved Permanently'

lambda do |env|

redirect(*args, &block)


headers = {
}
end
end

Rack App
lambda do |env|



headers = {
}
end

Resources
resources :magazines do
resources :ads
end

Member Resources
resources :photos do
member do
get :preview
get :print
end
end

One-Oﬀs
get :preview, :on => :member
end

Collections
collection do
get :search
end
end

Combination
scope :module => "admin" do
constraints IpBlacklist do
resources :posts, :comments
end
end

Chainable Methods

★ select ★ order
★ from ★ limit
★ where ★ offset
★ joins ★ includes
★ having ★ lock
★ group ★ readonly

Controller
def index
@posts = Post.
where(:published => true).
order("publish_date desc")
end

Model
scope :published,
where(:published => true).

Model
scope :desc,

scope :published,
where(:published => true).desc

Controller
def index
@posts = Post.
where("created_at < ?", Time.now).
end

Model
scope :desc,

def self.past
where("created_at < ?",
Time.now).desc
end

Model
scope :desc,

def self.past
where("created_at < ?",
Time.now).desc
end

def self.recent(number)
past.limit(5)
end

Pagination
class PostsController
def index
@posts = Posts.page(5, :per_page => 10)
end
end

class Post < ActiveRecord::Base
def self.page(number, options)
per_page = options[:per_page]

offset(per_page * (number - 1)).
limit(per_page)
end
end

named_scope

with_scope

nd(:all)

Sending Emails
def welcome(user)
@user = user
mail(:to => user.email,
:subject => "Welcome man!")
end

welcome.text.erb

welcome.html.erb

Layouts
layout "rails_dispatch"

def welcome(user)
@user = user
end

rails_dispatch.text.erb

rails_dispatch.html.erb

Be More Speci c
def welcome(user)
@user = user
:subject => "Welcome man!") do |format|
format.html
format.text { render "generic" }
end
end

Defaults
default :from => "wycats@gmail.com"

def welcome(user)
@user = user
:subject => "Welcome man!") do |format|
format.html
format.text { render "generic" }
end
end

Attachments
def welcome(user)
@user = user

file = Rails.public_path.join("hello.pdf")
contents = File.readfile)
attachments["welcome.pdf"] = contents

end

Interceptors
class MyInterceptor
def self.delivering_email(mail)
original = mail.to
mail.to = "wycats@gmail.com"

mail.subject =
"#{original}: #{mail.subject}"
end
end

Interceptors
class MyInterceptor
def self.delivering_email(mail)
original = mail.to
mail.to = "wycats@gmail.com"

mail.subject =
"#{original}: #{mail.subject}"
end
end

config.action_mailer.
register_interceptor(MyInterceptor)

Interceptors

Delivery

Observers

delivering_mail

deliver

delivered_mail

railsdispatch.com
/posts/bundler

yehudakatz.com/
2010/04/12/some-of-
the-problems-
bundler-solves/

yehudakatz.com/
2010/04/17/ruby-
require-order-
problems/

generators

rake tasks

controller_example

view_example

request_example

mailer_example

Mailer Generator
$ script/rails g mailer welcome
create app/mailers/welcome.rb
invoke erb
create app/views/welcome
invoke rspec
create spec/mailers/welcome_spec.rb

generators

rake tasks

append_info_to_payload

i18n_scope

IdentityMap middleware

generate a resource
$ rails g resource comment
invoke data_mapper
create app/models/comment.rb
invoke test_unit
create test/unit/comment_test.rb
create test/fixtures/comments.yml
invoke controller
create app/controllers/comments_controller.rb
invoke erb
create app/views/commentses
invoke test_unit
create test/functional/comments_controller_test.rb
invoke helper
create app/helpers/commentses_helper.rb
invoke test_unit
create test/unit/helpers/comments_helper_test.rb
route resources :commentses

generate a resource
$ rails g resource comment
invoke data_mapper
create app/models/comment.rb
invoke rspec
create spec/models/comment_spec.rb
invoke controller
create app/controllers/comments_controller.rb
invoke erb
create app/views/comments
invoke rspec
create spec/controllers/comments_controller_spec.rb
create spec/views/comments
invoke helper
create app/helpers/comments_helper.rb
invoke rspec
route resources :comments

rails g
$ rails g stylesheets

Rails: DataMapper:
controller data_mapper:migration
generator data_mapper:model
helper data_mapper:observer
integration_test
mailer Rspec:
metal rspec:controller
migration rspec:helper
model rspec:install
observer rspec:integration
performance_test rspec:mailer
plugin rspec:model
resource rspec:observer
scaffold rspec:scaffold
scaffold_controller rspec:view
session_migration

Rails 3 overview

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