The document discusses the need-based approach and right-based approach to social welfare. The need-based approach focuses on identifying and meeting the basic needs of communities through direct assistance, but does not address the underlying causes of issues or empower communities. The right-based approach emphasizes ensuring access to inherent rights as outlined in laws and frameworks, prioritizing justice and challenging discrimination. Both approaches aim to promote social welfare, but the right-based approach focuses more on empowerment, accountability and addressing the root causes of social problems.

1. NEED BASED APPROACH
AND
RIGHT BASED APPROACH
Presented By : Group 3 and Group 2
BSSW 2A

2. GROUP 3 AND GROUP 2
NEED BASED APPROACH

3. -This approach was to base interventions on the
needs as expressed by the poor themselves.
-Emphasizes meeting needs.
-Meet needs without empowerment
GROUP 3 AND GROUP 2
NEED BASED APPROACH

4. The needs-based approach, also known as a
traditional approach, is generally understood as a
deficit model which focuses on the community’s
needs, deficiencies and problems.
GROUP 3 AND GROUP 2
NEED BASED APPROACH

5. -Based on assessed needs
-Needs are the point of reference, implying interventions at a
local or micro level.
-Needs are pertinent to the group that has such a need
-Considers finding more resources
-Keeps away from politics and policy- making processIt may be
solved by addressing the symptoms (if we provide resources to
cover the needs)
GROUP 3 AND GROUP 2
NEED BASED APPROACH

6. -Based on assessed needs
-Needs are the point of reference, implying
interventions at a local or micro level.
-Needs are pertinent to the group that has such a need
-Considers finding more resources
GROUP 3 AND GROUP 2
NEED BASED APPROACH

7. -Keeps away from politics and policy- making processIt may be
solved by addressing the symptoms (if we provide resources to
cover the needs)
-Asks state officials and power holders for help
-Accessibility of food
-Putting needy people in an inferior position by asking others to
meet their needs
GROUP 3 AND GROUP 2
NEED BASED APPROACH

8. -No obligation to meet the needs. We satisfy the needs
when resources are availableTends to care for those in
need, but not those who are most needy. (Low cost, high
impact preference).
-Aims at relieving suffering
-Usually, it is not legally binding to the stakeholders
GROUP 3 AND GROUP 2
NEED BASED APPROACH

9. -Encourages participation from within
the community, with possible
collaboration with other groups.
GROUP 3 AND GROUP 2
NEED BASED APPROACH

10. GROUP 3 AND GROUP 2
VULNERABILITY
NEED BASED APPROACH
Vulnerability is addressed as a
symptom of poverty or
marginalisation.

11. GROUP 3 AND GROUP 2
JUSTICE
NEED BASED APPROACH
An increase in justice may be achieved as a by-
product of meeting needs, but it does not
explore the injustices that led to the
deprivation in the first place.

12. GROUP 3 AND GROUP 2
DISCRIMINATION
NEED BASED APPROACH
Tends to work with the symptoms of
discrimination, rather than causes.

13. GROUP 3 AND GROUP 2
POWER RELATIONS
NEED BASED APPROACH
Does not engage with the issues around the power
imbalance between authorities and vulnerable
groups. In fact the latter are likely to approach the
current power-holders for help, thus unconsciously
enhancing their power.

14. GROUP 3 AND GROUP 2
ACCOUNTABILITY
NEED BASED APPROACH
In NBA projects, accountability is only in terms
of outcomes so that the funding agency
(governmental or non- governmental) is
satisfied that funds are used for what was
intended.

15. GROUP 3 AND GROUP 2
CITIZENSHIP
NEED BASED APPROACH
Citizens are perceived as
beneficiaries who hopefully enjoy
the largesse of the government.

16. GROUP 3 AND GROUP 2
CONFLICT
NEED BASED APPROACH
The aim is to avoid upheaval and
discontent by somehow arranging
to satisfy the needs of the
community.

17. GROUP 3 AND GROUP 2
RIGHT BASED APPROACH

18. GROUP 3 AND GROUP 2
RIGHT BASED APPROACH
- View policy making not just for the satisfaction of needs
but the realization of rights.
- Recognizes that rights can only be realized with
empowerment.
- This means that all forms of discrimination in the
realization of rights must be prohibited, prevented, and
eliminated.

19. GROUP 3 AND GROUP 2
RIGHT BASED APPROACH
The rights-based approach in social work practice
underscores the fundamental principle that every
individual possesses inherent rights and dignity.
By prioritizing these rights, social workers aim to
empower individuals and communities, fostering
social justice and equality.

20. GROUP 3 AND GROUP 2
VULNERABILITY
RIGHT BASED APPROACH
The aim is to avoid upheaval and discontent by somehow
arranging to satisfy the needs of the community.
JUSTICE
Justice is the focus of the efforts. Thus it tends to challenge
traditional, social, cultural and even legal practices and
norms that may foster injustice.

21. GROUP 3 AND GROUP 2
DISCRIMINATION
RIGHT BASED APPROACH
Deals with the causes of discrimination, because it works with the
power imbalance between authorities and vulnerable groups that
support such discriminations
POWER RELATIONS
Focuses on addressing the differential power issues that underlie
poverty and disadvantage-and tries to re-draw the power
equations.

22. GROUP 3 AND GROUP 2
ACCOUNTABILITY
RIGHT BASED APPROACH
Works towards ensuring the accountability of the
state and other service-providers. and push them
to fulfil their obligations to respect the rights of all,
especially of marginalised people.

23. GROUP 3 AND GROUP 2
CITIZENSHIP
RIGHT BASED APPROACH
Citizens are seen as significant actors in a
democratic state, and so emphasise opening up
direct channels of communicationbetween citizens
(and other people living within a state's
jurisdiction, such as refugees) and the state's
officers/institutions.

24. GROUP 3 AND GROUP 2
CONFLICT
RIGHT BASED APPROACH
By opening up space for expressing demands and multi-
way communication among stakeholders, RBAS creates
possibilities in conflict prevention, although at times they
may also function in a conflictual manner. Grievances
simmering beneath the surface can be and are brought
into open debate for negotiation or challenge.

25. GROUP 3 AND GROUP 2
CORE PRINCIPLES OF RIGHT
BASED APPROACH
(IN CONNECTION TO SOCIAL WORK PRACTICE)

26. GROUP 3 AND GROUP 2
RIGHT BASED APPROACH CORE PRINCIPLES
The core principles of the Right-Based Approach (RBA),
known as PANEL, play a fundamental role in guiding social
work practice towards a more equitable and just society.
PANEL stands for Participation, Accountability, Non-
Discrimination and Equality, and Legality and Rule of Law.
Each principle encapsulates key values and concepts
essential for promoting human rights and social justice
within the context of social work.

27. GROUP 3 AND GROUP 2
RIGHT BASED APPROACH CORE PRINCIPLES
Participation emphasizes the importance of involving
individuals and communities in decision-making
processes that affect their lives. In social work practice,
this means actively engaging clients and communities in
identifying needs, setting goals, and determining the most
appropriate interventions.
PARTICIPATION

28. GROUP 3 AND GROUP 2
RIGHT BASED APPROACH CORE PRINCIPLES
Accountability underscores the obligation of individuals,
organizations, and institutions to be transparent,
responsive, and responsible for their actions and
decisions. Social workers adhere to ethical standards and
professional codes of conduct, ensuring that they are
accountable to their clients, colleagues, and the broader
society.
ACCOUNTABILITY

29. GROUP 3 AND GROUP 2
RIGHT BASED APPROACH CORE PRINCIPLES
Non-Discrimination and Equality highlight the
principles of fairness, justice, and respect for
diversity. Social workers are committed to challenging
discrimination and oppression based on factors such
as race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation,
disability, and socioeconomic status.
NON-DISCRIMINATION AND EQUALITY

30. GROUP 3 AND GROUP 2
RIGHT BASED APPROACH CORE PRINCIPLES
Legality and Rule of Law emphasize the importance of
upholding human rights and respecting the legal rights
and obligations of individuals and communities. Social
workers work within the framework of laws, policies,
and regulations, ensuring that their interventions are
ethical, legal, and rights-based.
LEGALITY AND RULE OF LAW

31. DIFFERENCE OF NBA AND RBA
GROUP 3 AND GROUP 2
The needs-based approach focuses on
identifying and addressing the basic
requirements or necessities of
individuals or communities. It prioritizes
providing resources and assistance based
on the perceived needs, regardless of the
broader social, economic, or legal
context. This approach aims to alleviate
immediate suffering and improve overall
well-being.
NEED BASED APPROACH
In contrast, the rights-based approach
emphasizes the fundamental rights and
entitlements of individuals as outlined in
international human rights instruments
and legal frameworks. It prioritizes
ensuring that all individuals have access
to their inherent rights, such as the right
to food, shelter, education, and
healthcare, irrespective of their
circumstances.
RIGHT BASED APPROACH

32. Both the right-based approach and the need-based approach
share a common goal of addressing social inequalities and
ensuring fairness. While the right-based approach emphasizes
entitlements and individual rights, the need-based approach
focuses on meeting basic needs and providing assistance based
on necessity. Both approaches aim to promote social justice
and improve well-being.
SIMILARITIES OF NBA AND RBA

33. THANK YOU
Presented By : Group 3 and Group 2