Talking Images 2008
A project made vy the Egyptian team in ETwinning international competion...
Website:
www.talking-images.co.nr
Website Admin:
Hatem A.Mowgoud
a.mowgoud@live.com
This document provides an overview of Egypt, including its presidents, major cities, and top tourist attractions. It begins with brief biographies of Egypt's current political leaders and notes that Cairo is the capital and largest city. Next, it lists the country's presidents from 1953 to the present. Several cities across Egypt are then described in terms of their history, culture, and attractions. The document concludes by detailing 10 of Egypt's most popular tourist destinations, such as the Pyramids of Giza, the Egyptian Museum in Cairo, and Abu Simbel on Lake Nasser.
This document contains images that depict various landscapes, landmarks, and cities across Africa. It includes photos of the Pyramids of Giza and Great Sphinx in Egypt, Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania, Victoria Falls between Zambia and Zimbabwe, Lake Tanganyika, the Sahara Desert, and Serengeti Plain in Tanzania and Kenya. It also contains images of cities like Cairo, Alexandria, Johannesburg, Lagos, and Kinshasa showing their architecture, landscapes, and growing populations.
Egypt was a highly influential ancient civilization along the Nile River that lasted for over 3,000 years. Its impressive monuments like the pyramids and Sphinx still stand as marvels that were built to honor pharaohs and Egyptian gods. The Nile River was essential to the development of Egyptian civilization and continues to be an important geographical feature, with many major cities located along its banks. The Egyptian Museum in Cairo houses over 120,000 artifacts that showcase Egyptian art and history from prehistoric times through the Greco-Roman period.
The document lists several modern and ancient wonders of the world, including infrastructure projects like the Channel Tunnel connecting England and France, as well as famous landmarks like the Empire State Building in New York and Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco. It also discusses the results of an online vote to determine the new Seven Wonders of the World, which include the Great Wall of China, Christ the Redeemer statue in Brazil, and Machu Picchu in Peru. Finally, it provides brief descriptions of some ancient wonders like the Pyramids of Egypt and Taj Mahal, as well as 25 additional natural and human-made wonders around the world.
The document provides an overview of popular tourist destinations and activities to include in an Egypt tour. It describes several important historical sites from ancient Egypt like the Great Pyramids of Giza, the Sphinx and Valley Temple, and the Egyptian Museum containing artifacts. Other highlights mentioned include the tombs in the Valley of the Kings, the impressive Karnak and Luxor Temples, the Aswan High Dam, and the Abu Simbel Temples carved into rock. Natural attractions along the Red Sea and coastal cities are also noted, as well as the opportunity to cruise the Nile River between major archaeological sites.
Presentación interactiva en Power Point sobre el río Nilo. Forma parte del proyecto bilingüe en inglés del IES Santos Isasa de Montoro, en Córdoba (España).
Talking Images 2008
A project made vy the Egyptian team in ETwinning international competion...
Website:
www.talking-images.co.nr
Website Admin:
Hatem A.Mowgoud
a.mowgoud@live.com
This document provides an overview of Egypt, including its presidents, major cities, and top tourist attractions. It begins with brief biographies of Egypt's current political leaders and notes that Cairo is the capital and largest city. Next, it lists the country's presidents from 1953 to the present. Several cities across Egypt are then described in terms of their history, culture, and attractions. The document concludes by detailing 10 of Egypt's most popular tourist destinations, such as the Pyramids of Giza, the Egyptian Museum in Cairo, and Abu Simbel on Lake Nasser.
This document contains images that depict various landscapes, landmarks, and cities across Africa. It includes photos of the Pyramids of Giza and Great Sphinx in Egypt, Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania, Victoria Falls between Zambia and Zimbabwe, Lake Tanganyika, the Sahara Desert, and Serengeti Plain in Tanzania and Kenya. It also contains images of cities like Cairo, Alexandria, Johannesburg, Lagos, and Kinshasa showing their architecture, landscapes, and growing populations.
Egypt was a highly influential ancient civilization along the Nile River that lasted for over 3,000 years. Its impressive monuments like the pyramids and Sphinx still stand as marvels that were built to honor pharaohs and Egyptian gods. The Nile River was essential to the development of Egyptian civilization and continues to be an important geographical feature, with many major cities located along its banks. The Egyptian Museum in Cairo houses over 120,000 artifacts that showcase Egyptian art and history from prehistoric times through the Greco-Roman period.
The document lists several modern and ancient wonders of the world, including infrastructure projects like the Channel Tunnel connecting England and France, as well as famous landmarks like the Empire State Building in New York and Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco. It also discusses the results of an online vote to determine the new Seven Wonders of the World, which include the Great Wall of China, Christ the Redeemer statue in Brazil, and Machu Picchu in Peru. Finally, it provides brief descriptions of some ancient wonders like the Pyramids of Egypt and Taj Mahal, as well as 25 additional natural and human-made wonders around the world.
The document provides an overview of popular tourist destinations and activities to include in an Egypt tour. It describes several important historical sites from ancient Egypt like the Great Pyramids of Giza, the Sphinx and Valley Temple, and the Egyptian Museum containing artifacts. Other highlights mentioned include the tombs in the Valley of the Kings, the impressive Karnak and Luxor Temples, the Aswan High Dam, and the Abu Simbel Temples carved into rock. Natural attractions along the Red Sea and coastal cities are also noted, as well as the opportunity to cruise the Nile River between major archaeological sites.
Presentación interactiva en Power Point sobre el río Nilo. Forma parte del proyecto bilingüe en inglés del IES Santos Isasa de Montoro, en Córdoba (España).
This itinerary provides a 9 night, 10 day tour of historic and cultural sites in Ethiopia, including Addis Ababa, Bahir Dar, Gondar, Axum, and Lalibela. Visitors will see archaeological ruins, rock-hewn churches, monasteries and learn about Ethiopia's ancient history and culture. The trip includes transportation, guides, accommodations, and meals. Prices range from $3,150 - $11,000 per person depending on the group size and if transportation includes only ground, a mix of ground and air, or all air travel.
The document provides information on ancient Egyptian architecture and several important sites, including the Giza pyramid complex, Karnak temple complex, and Luxor temple. The Giza pyramid complex consists of the pyramids of Khufu, Khafre and Menkaure built in the Fourth Dynasty, including the largest pyramid of Khufu. The massive Karnak temple complex near Luxor was developed over centuries, containing structures dedicated to Amun, Montu and Mut. Luxor temple construction began in the 14th century BC under Amenhotep III and was later expanded by other pharaohs.
The document provides an overview of prehistoric and ancient Egyptian architecture. In prehistory, humans first lived in caves for shelter and protection. They later developed more structured huts and shelters using branches, animal skins, and stones. During the Stone Age, humans constructed stone structures like menhirs, dolmens, and Stonehenge. In ancient Egypt, the geography and annual flooding of the Nile river was important to architecture. Egyptians built structures like dams, houses made of mudbricks, and mastabas for burial. Mastabas evolved into stepped and smooth-sided pyramids built by pharaohs like Djoser, Sneferu, and others as expressions of power and for burial purposes
Egypt is one of the earliest civilizations on Earth with over 3000 years of ancient civilization and over 2000 years of modern Egypt which is what we can see today. The civilization concentrated on the lower reaches of Nile River, which is the life force for the empire. Egypt is famous for its ancient civilization. It's also a top destination for some of the world's most famous sights and monuments. Get the scoop on the seven wonders of Egypt.
Know more : http://www.exploregypt.net/egypt-travel-guide
The document provides an overview of Egyptian architecture spanning over 10,000 years. It describes some key characteristics including the predominant building materials of mud bricks and stone. It highlights some of Egypt's most famous structures like the Great Pyramids of Giza and the Great Sphinx. The document also provides details about Egyptian temples, sarcophagi, and other architectural elements like obelisks and reliefs.
Some anthropological places in algeriaATI Salsabil
Some key anthropological sites in Algeria include:
- Tighenif, the site of an excavation that uncovered fossils of Homo erectus dating back around 700,000 years ago.
- Tassili N'Ajjer, known for its 15,000 rock paintings and engravings dating back as far as 12,000 years that depict the changing environment and peoples of the Sahara over millennia.
- Roman ruins such as Djemila, Tipasa, and Timgad that showcase Algeria's classical architecture and urban planning under Roman rule.
This document provides information about the geography, history, and economy of ancient Egypt. It focuses on how the Nile River was the defining geographic feature, dividing the land into fertile black soil along its banks and desert red soil beyond. It describes the four main divisions of ancient Egyptian geography: Lower Egypt and Upper Egypt, separated by the Nile's flow northward, and the east and west banks. Key topics covered include the Egyptian name for the Nile Valley ("Kemet"), the economy's reliance on agriculture, social classes, hieroglyphic writing, and structures like the pyramids and Sphinx at Giza.
The document discusses human settlements throughout history in different parts of the world. It provides details on:
1. Early human nomadic settlements and the factors influencing location such as access to resources.
2. Key ancient settlements including those in Egypt along the Nile River which provided fertile land and transportation, Mesopotamian cities like Uruk which was one of the first true cities, and Greek cities following plans by Hippodamus with grid layouts.
3. Roman settlements employing orthogonal street grids inspired by Greek designs, exemplified by planned cities like Timgad in North Africa which had precise stone construction illustrating Roman urban planning.
Egypt is located in Northern Africa and is bordered by Libya, Sudan, Israel, and the Mediterranean Sea. It has a population of over 82 million people and its capital and largest city is Cairo. Some of Egypt's most notable features include the Nile River, which flows through the country, the Great Pyramids of Giza built during the Old Kingdom, and ancient Egyptian religion which was centered around many gods like Ra and Osiris. Two influential pharaohs were Ramesses II, who had over 50 sons and daughters, and Tutankhamun, who took the throne as a boy king.
The document summarizes several different lists of wonders of the world, both ancient and modern. It provides details on 7 wonders of the ancient world including the Great Pyramid of Giza and the Hanging Gardens of Babylon. It also lists 7 wonders of the middle ages, 7 natural wonders, and 7 modern wonders. For the natural wonders, it highlights the Grand Canyon, Great Barrier Reef, and Northern Lights. For the modern wonders, it mentions structures like the Empire State Building, Golden Gate Bridge, and Channel Tunnel. It concludes with sections on 7 underwater wonders including the Belize Barrier Reef and 7 more wonders.
The document lists and briefly describes 17 wonders of the world from 2011-2012, including both man-made and natural sites. Some of the wonders mentioned are the Great Wall of China, Chichen Itza archaeological site in Mexico, Machu Picchu ruins in Peru, Petra archaeological site in Jordan, Taj Mahal mausoleum in India, Giza Pyramids in Egypt, Acropolis of Athens, Alhambra palace complex in Spain, Colosseum in Rome, Banaue Rice Terraces in the Philippines, Valley of Flowers in the Himalayas, Meteora stone monasteries in Greece, Tower of Hercules lighthouse in Spain, Sigiriya rock
Egypt online tours blog planning for egypt nile cruise here are six things th...Egypt Online Tours
Nile Rivers has always been a source of interest, inspiration and guidance for many
peoples. It is famous all over the world not just because of its length, but also for many
other reasons such as fertility. This was the basic reason why ancient Egyptians settled
in the banks of River Nile. Actually, most of Egypt is basically a desert, but along the
Nile River, the soil is rich and very good for producing wheat, flax and papyrus.
Egypt offers an overwhelming experience for those interested in history and culture, with opportunities to explore ancient mysteries, the Sahara desert, and magnificent structures like the pyramids of Giza. Two especially impressive monuments are the Temples of Abu Simbel, relocated in the 1960s to save them from being flooded, and the Temple of Luxor documenting Egyptian history from the 18th dynasty to the 14th century AD. The Giza plateau is also a must-see, home to the largest pyramid of Khufu and two other enormous pyramids, as well as the tombs of the pharaohs' wives and sisters.
The document discusses the diverse architecture found across Africa, from ancient structures like the Great Pyramids of Egypt to more modern styles. It covers architectural traditions in North, West, East, Central, Southern, and medieval Africa. Key points include the use of local materials like mud bricks, wood, and thatch in many regions. Monumental structures include Great Zimbabwe and various royal palaces and fortified cities across Africa.
The document discusses famous landmarks from around the world, providing examples like the Eiffel Tower, Big Ben, Colosseum, Statue of Liberty, Pyramids, Parthenon, Great Wall, and Opera House. It also discusses potential landmarks for Malta like its temples and discusses the history and locations of some of the major global landmarks.
Cairo, Egypt is one of the largest urban areas in the world and home to many historical sites from ancient Egypt. As the capital and administrative center, Cairo is located close to most of Egypt's famous pyramids, such as the Great Pyramids of Giza on the edge of the city. The city also contains ancient temples, tombs, churches, mosques, and the Egyptian Antiquities Museum housing artifacts from Egyptian civilization.
The document discusses landscapes and places in Spain, Turkey, Italy, and Romania that were visited or learned about through a Comenius exchange program. Some key highlights mentioned include the unique geography and history of Turkey, the fairy chimneys in Cappadocia, ancient ruins in Ephesus and Pergamon, and the rock formations in La Ciudad Encantada park in Spain. Students commented on enjoying learning about other cultures, making new friends abroad, and gaining confidence through the exchange experience. The program allowed them to visit beautiful places and appreciate multicultural perspectives.
This itinerary provides a 9 night, 10 day tour of historic and cultural sites in Ethiopia, including Addis Ababa, Bahir Dar, Gondar, Axum, and Lalibela. Visitors will see archaeological ruins, rock-hewn churches, monasteries and learn about Ethiopia's ancient history and culture. The trip includes transportation, guides, accommodations, and meals. Prices range from $3,150 - $11,000 per person depending on the group size and if transportation includes only ground, a mix of ground and air, or all air travel.
The document provides information on ancient Egyptian architecture and several important sites, including the Giza pyramid complex, Karnak temple complex, and Luxor temple. The Giza pyramid complex consists of the pyramids of Khufu, Khafre and Menkaure built in the Fourth Dynasty, including the largest pyramid of Khufu. The massive Karnak temple complex near Luxor was developed over centuries, containing structures dedicated to Amun, Montu and Mut. Luxor temple construction began in the 14th century BC under Amenhotep III and was later expanded by other pharaohs.
The document provides an overview of prehistoric and ancient Egyptian architecture. In prehistory, humans first lived in caves for shelter and protection. They later developed more structured huts and shelters using branches, animal skins, and stones. During the Stone Age, humans constructed stone structures like menhirs, dolmens, and Stonehenge. In ancient Egypt, the geography and annual flooding of the Nile river was important to architecture. Egyptians built structures like dams, houses made of mudbricks, and mastabas for burial. Mastabas evolved into stepped and smooth-sided pyramids built by pharaohs like Djoser, Sneferu, and others as expressions of power and for burial purposes
Egypt is one of the earliest civilizations on Earth with over 3000 years of ancient civilization and over 2000 years of modern Egypt which is what we can see today. The civilization concentrated on the lower reaches of Nile River, which is the life force for the empire. Egypt is famous for its ancient civilization. It's also a top destination for some of the world's most famous sights and monuments. Get the scoop on the seven wonders of Egypt.
Know more : http://www.exploregypt.net/egypt-travel-guide
The document provides an overview of Egyptian architecture spanning over 10,000 years. It describes some key characteristics including the predominant building materials of mud bricks and stone. It highlights some of Egypt's most famous structures like the Great Pyramids of Giza and the Great Sphinx. The document also provides details about Egyptian temples, sarcophagi, and other architectural elements like obelisks and reliefs.
Some anthropological places in algeriaATI Salsabil
Some key anthropological sites in Algeria include:
- Tighenif, the site of an excavation that uncovered fossils of Homo erectus dating back around 700,000 years ago.
- Tassili N'Ajjer, known for its 15,000 rock paintings and engravings dating back as far as 12,000 years that depict the changing environment and peoples of the Sahara over millennia.
- Roman ruins such as Djemila, Tipasa, and Timgad that showcase Algeria's classical architecture and urban planning under Roman rule.
This document provides information about the geography, history, and economy of ancient Egypt. It focuses on how the Nile River was the defining geographic feature, dividing the land into fertile black soil along its banks and desert red soil beyond. It describes the four main divisions of ancient Egyptian geography: Lower Egypt and Upper Egypt, separated by the Nile's flow northward, and the east and west banks. Key topics covered include the Egyptian name for the Nile Valley ("Kemet"), the economy's reliance on agriculture, social classes, hieroglyphic writing, and structures like the pyramids and Sphinx at Giza.
The document discusses human settlements throughout history in different parts of the world. It provides details on:
1. Early human nomadic settlements and the factors influencing location such as access to resources.
2. Key ancient settlements including those in Egypt along the Nile River which provided fertile land and transportation, Mesopotamian cities like Uruk which was one of the first true cities, and Greek cities following plans by Hippodamus with grid layouts.
3. Roman settlements employing orthogonal street grids inspired by Greek designs, exemplified by planned cities like Timgad in North Africa which had precise stone construction illustrating Roman urban planning.
Egypt is located in Northern Africa and is bordered by Libya, Sudan, Israel, and the Mediterranean Sea. It has a population of over 82 million people and its capital and largest city is Cairo. Some of Egypt's most notable features include the Nile River, which flows through the country, the Great Pyramids of Giza built during the Old Kingdom, and ancient Egyptian religion which was centered around many gods like Ra and Osiris. Two influential pharaohs were Ramesses II, who had over 50 sons and daughters, and Tutankhamun, who took the throne as a boy king.
The document summarizes several different lists of wonders of the world, both ancient and modern. It provides details on 7 wonders of the ancient world including the Great Pyramid of Giza and the Hanging Gardens of Babylon. It also lists 7 wonders of the middle ages, 7 natural wonders, and 7 modern wonders. For the natural wonders, it highlights the Grand Canyon, Great Barrier Reef, and Northern Lights. For the modern wonders, it mentions structures like the Empire State Building, Golden Gate Bridge, and Channel Tunnel. It concludes with sections on 7 underwater wonders including the Belize Barrier Reef and 7 more wonders.
The document lists and briefly describes 17 wonders of the world from 2011-2012, including both man-made and natural sites. Some of the wonders mentioned are the Great Wall of China, Chichen Itza archaeological site in Mexico, Machu Picchu ruins in Peru, Petra archaeological site in Jordan, Taj Mahal mausoleum in India, Giza Pyramids in Egypt, Acropolis of Athens, Alhambra palace complex in Spain, Colosseum in Rome, Banaue Rice Terraces in the Philippines, Valley of Flowers in the Himalayas, Meteora stone monasteries in Greece, Tower of Hercules lighthouse in Spain, Sigiriya rock
Egypt online tours blog planning for egypt nile cruise here are six things th...Egypt Online Tours
Nile Rivers has always been a source of interest, inspiration and guidance for many
peoples. It is famous all over the world not just because of its length, but also for many
other reasons such as fertility. This was the basic reason why ancient Egyptians settled
in the banks of River Nile. Actually, most of Egypt is basically a desert, but along the
Nile River, the soil is rich and very good for producing wheat, flax and papyrus.
Egypt offers an overwhelming experience for those interested in history and culture, with opportunities to explore ancient mysteries, the Sahara desert, and magnificent structures like the pyramids of Giza. Two especially impressive monuments are the Temples of Abu Simbel, relocated in the 1960s to save them from being flooded, and the Temple of Luxor documenting Egyptian history from the 18th dynasty to the 14th century AD. The Giza plateau is also a must-see, home to the largest pyramid of Khufu and two other enormous pyramids, as well as the tombs of the pharaohs' wives and sisters.
The document discusses the diverse architecture found across Africa, from ancient structures like the Great Pyramids of Egypt to more modern styles. It covers architectural traditions in North, West, East, Central, Southern, and medieval Africa. Key points include the use of local materials like mud bricks, wood, and thatch in many regions. Monumental structures include Great Zimbabwe and various royal palaces and fortified cities across Africa.
The document discusses famous landmarks from around the world, providing examples like the Eiffel Tower, Big Ben, Colosseum, Statue of Liberty, Pyramids, Parthenon, Great Wall, and Opera House. It also discusses potential landmarks for Malta like its temples and discusses the history and locations of some of the major global landmarks.
Cairo, Egypt is one of the largest urban areas in the world and home to many historical sites from ancient Egypt. As the capital and administrative center, Cairo is located close to most of Egypt's famous pyramids, such as the Great Pyramids of Giza on the edge of the city. The city also contains ancient temples, tombs, churches, mosques, and the Egyptian Antiquities Museum housing artifacts from Egyptian civilization.
The document discusses landscapes and places in Spain, Turkey, Italy, and Romania that were visited or learned about through a Comenius exchange program. Some key highlights mentioned include the unique geography and history of Turkey, the fairy chimneys in Cappadocia, ancient ruins in Ephesus and Pergamon, and the rock formations in La Ciudad Encantada park in Spain. Students commented on enjoying learning about other cultures, making new friends abroad, and gaining confidence through the exchange experience. The program allowed them to visit beautiful places and appreciate multicultural perspectives.
Semelhante a LANDMARKS AND MONUMENTS IN AFRICA (some landmarks in the continent of Africa) (20)
CAPITAL CITIES OF UN MEMBER STATES as of 2023Basil Achie
This document lists the capital cities of United Nations member states along with their coordinates and time zones. For each country, it provides the name of the capital city, latitude and longitude coordinates in both degree-minute-second and decimal formats, and the time zone offset from Coordinated Universal Time (UTC). There are over 190 capital cities listed.
BALLON D’OR 1956 - 2023. Annual Football Award .Basil Achie
The document lists the winners of the Ballon d'Or award from 1956 to 2023. Some notable early winners include Stanley Matthews (England, 1956), Alfredo Di Stefano (Spain, 1957, 1959), and Michel Platini (France, 1983, 1984, 1985). The award was dominated by Johan Cruyff (Netherlands) in the 1970s, winning in 1971, 1973, and 1974. More recent winners include Lionel Messi (Argentina, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2015, 2019, 2021, 2023) and Cristiano Ronaldo (Portugal, 2008, 2013, 2014, 2016, 2017).
On September 25, 2015, 193 Heads of State at the United Nations General Assembly set up a collection of 17 goals known as The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) or simply Global Goals.
The SDGs and their 169 targets form the core of Resolution 70/1 of the United Nations, which is a breakthrough agreement called AGENDA 2030. The goals are to be achieved by all member states by year 2030.
They are a universal call to action to end poverty, protect the planet and ensure all people enjoy peace and prosperity.
The goals are broad, interdependent and cover social, economic and social issues and making them work is everyone’s responsibility.
The following slides present a brief overview of the goals.
This presentation by Nathaniel Lane, Associate Professor in Economics at Oxford University, was made during the discussion “Pro-competitive Industrial Policy” held at the 143rd meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 12 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/pcip.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation by Juraj Čorba, Chair of OECD Working Party on Artificial Intelligence Governance (AIGO), was made during the discussion “Artificial Intelligence, Data and Competition” held at the 143rd meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 12 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/aicomp.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation by OECD, OECD Secretariat, was made during the discussion “The Intersection between Competition and Data Privacy” held at the 143rd meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 13 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/ibcdp.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation by Professor Alex Robson, Deputy Chair of Australia’s Productivity Commission, was made during the discussion “Competition and Regulation in Professions and Occupations” held at the 77th meeting of the OECD Working Party No. 2 on Competition and Regulation on 10 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/crps.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation by OECD, OECD Secretariat, was made during the discussion “Artificial Intelligence, Data and Competition” held at the 143rd meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 12 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/aicomp.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation by Tim Capel, Director of the UK Information Commissioner’s Office Legal Service, was made during the discussion “The Intersection between Competition and Data Privacy” held at the 143rd meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 13 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/ibcdp.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation by Katharine Kemp, Associate Professor at the Faculty of Law & Justice at UNSW Sydney, was made during the discussion “The Intersection between Competition and Data Privacy” held at the 143rd meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 13 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/ibcdp.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
Suzanne Lagerweij - Influence Without Power - Why Empathy is Your Best Friend...Suzanne Lagerweij
This is a workshop about communication and collaboration. We will experience how we can analyze the reasons for resistance to change (exercise 1) and practice how to improve our conversation style and be more in control and effective in the way we communicate (exercise 2).
This session will use Dave Gray’s Empathy Mapping, Argyris’ Ladder of Inference and The Four Rs from Agile Conversations (Squirrel and Fredrick).
Abstract:
Let’s talk about powerful conversations! We all know how to lead a constructive conversation, right? Then why is it so difficult to have those conversations with people at work, especially those in powerful positions that show resistance to change?
Learning to control and direct conversations takes understanding and practice.
We can combine our innate empathy with our analytical skills to gain a deeper understanding of complex situations at work. Join this session to learn how to prepare for difficult conversations and how to improve our agile conversations in order to be more influential without power. We will use Dave Gray’s Empathy Mapping, Argyris’ Ladder of Inference and The Four Rs from Agile Conversations (Squirrel and Fredrick).
In the session you will experience how preparing and reflecting on your conversation can help you be more influential at work. You will learn how to communicate more effectively with the people needed to achieve positive change. You will leave with a self-revised version of a difficult conversation and a practical model to use when you get back to work.
Come learn more on how to become a real influencer!
This presentation by Professor Giuseppe Colangelo, Jean Monnet Professor of European Innovation Policy, was made during the discussion “The Intersection between Competition and Data Privacy” held at the 143rd meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 13 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/ibcdp.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation by Yong Lim, Professor of Economic Law at Seoul National University School of Law, was made during the discussion “Artificial Intelligence, Data and Competition” held at the 143rd meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 12 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/aicomp.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
Why Psychological Safety Matters for Software Teams - ACE 2024 - Ben Linders.pdfBen Linders
Psychological safety in teams is important; team members must feel safe and able to communicate and collaborate effectively to deliver value. It’s also necessary to build long-lasting teams since things will happen and relationships will be strained.
But, how safe is a team? How can we determine if there are any factors that make the team unsafe or have an impact on the team’s culture?
In this mini-workshop, we’ll play games for psychological safety and team culture utilizing a deck of coaching cards, The Psychological Safety Cards. We will learn how to use gamification to gain a better understanding of what’s going on in teams. Individuals share what they have learned from working in teams, what has impacted the team’s safety and culture, and what has led to positive change.
Different game formats will be played in groups in parallel. Examples are an ice-breaker to get people talking about psychological safety, a constellation where people take positions about aspects of psychological safety in their team or organization, and collaborative card games where people work together to create an environment that fosters psychological safety.
This presentation by OECD, OECD Secretariat, was made during the discussion “Pro-competitive Industrial Policy” held at the 143rd meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 12 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/pcip.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
The importance of sustainable and efficient computational practices in artificial intelligence (AI) and deep learning has become increasingly critical. This webinar focuses on the intersection of sustainability and AI, highlighting the significance of energy-efficient deep learning, innovative randomization techniques in neural networks, the potential of reservoir computing, and the cutting-edge realm of neuromorphic computing. This webinar aims to connect theoretical knowledge with practical applications and provide insights into how these innovative approaches can lead to more robust, efficient, and environmentally conscious AI systems.
Webinar Speaker: Prof. Claudio Gallicchio, Assistant Professor, University of Pisa
Claudio Gallicchio is an Assistant Professor at the Department of Computer Science of the University of Pisa, Italy. His research involves merging concepts from Deep Learning, Dynamical Systems, and Randomized Neural Systems, and he has co-authored over 100 scientific publications on the subject. He is the founder of the IEEE CIS Task Force on Reservoir Computing, and the co-founder and chair of the IEEE Task Force on Randomization-based Neural Networks and Learning Systems. He is an associate editor of IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems (TNNLS).
2. Nile River
The Nile River is the longest river
in the world.
It has a length of about 4,132
miles (6,650 kilometres)
and drains an area estimated at
1,293,000 square miles (3,349,000
square kilometres).
The river’s basin spans across the
countries of Egypt, Sudan, South
Sudan, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya,
the Democratic Republic of the
Congo, Burundi, Rwanda, Uganda,
and Tanzania.
The Nile River empties into
the Mediterranean Sea in northern
Egypt
From nourishing agricultural soil
to serving as a transportation
route, the Nile was vital to
ancient Egypt's civilization
3. Red Sea Reef
A diverse reef system located in
the Red Sea, an inlet of the Indian
Ocean.
The reef is considered part of the
African continent with proximity
to the African coastline.
The Red Sea Reef is the largest
coral reef system in all of Africa
and the third largest reef system
in the world.
It extends 1,240 miles (2,000 km)
along the coastline of Africa
(Egypt, Sudan, and Eritrea)
Comprised of an abundance of
aquatic life, lagoons, cylinders,
and platforms, it is home to over
1,100 species of fish and 200 soft
and hard corals.
4. Apartheid Museum,
Johannesburg, South Africa
A museum in Johannesburg,
South Africa,
illustrating apartheid and the
20th-century history of South
Africa.
Opened in November 2001.
The Pillars of the
Constitution are located in
the courtyard.
These includes one pillar for
each of the seven values that
are enshrined in the South
African Constitution.
Namely, democracy, equality,
reconciliation, diversity,
responsibility, respect and
freedom.
5. Fish River Canyon, Namibia
Located in the south
of Namibia., the Fish
River Canyon is the
largest canyon in
Africa.
It features a gigantic
ravine, about 160
kilometres (100 mi)
long, up to 27 km
wide and in places
almost 550 meters
deep.
6. Black Star Gate, Accra, Ghana
The Black Star Gate is
located at the center
of the Independence
Square, now known as
the Black Star
Square in Accra.
It was commissioned
by Kwame Nkrumah to
indicate the country's
supreme power to
control its own affairs
7. Fasil Ghebbi, Ethiopia
A fortress located in
Gondar, Amhara
Region, Ethiopia.
Founded in 1645 by
Emperor Fasilides.
In the 16th and 17th
centuries, the fortress-
city of Fasil
Ghebbi was the
residence of the
Ethiopian emperor
Fasilides and his
successors.
8. Amphitheater of El Jem,
Tunisia
A large and well-
preserved
Roman amphitheatre in El
Jem, Tunisia,
formerly Thysdrus in
the Roman province of
Africa.
Built around 238 AD, it
measured 149m long by
124m wide and could hold
up to 35,000 spectators.
It was the second-
largest colosseum in the
Roman world, after
Rome's.
9. Great Sphinx of Giza, Egypt
A limestone statue of a
reclining sphinx,
a mythical creature with
the head of a human, and
the body of a lion.
Located in Giza, Egypt, it
measures 73 metres
(240 ft) in length, 19
metres (62 ft) in width
and 20 metres (66 ft) in
height.
Likely dates from the
reign of
King Khafre (c. 2575–
c. 2465 BCE) and depicts
his face.
10. Serengeti Migration,
Tanzania/Kenya
The Great Wildebeest
Migration is the largest
animal migration in the
world.
Every year, more than 2
million animals
(wildebeest, zebra, and
gazelle) migrate in a
clockwise direction across
the ecosystems of
the Serengeti (Tanzania)
and the Masai Mara
(Kenya).
From late June to August
is when the Great
Migration peaks.
11. National Independence
Monument, Lomé, Togo.
Built as a tribute
to Togo's
independence from
France on April 27,
1960.
The monument is
comprised of a human
silhouette carved
within it and
surrounded by
promenades, palm
trees, manicured
lawns, fountains and a
black gold iron fence.
12. The Kenyatta International
Convention Centre, Nairobi, Kenya
Formerly the Kenyatta
International
Conference Centre,
It is a 28 storey
building located
in Nairobi, Kenya.
It was opened on 11
September 1973.
The KICC is ranked as
one of the top places
to hold conferences
on the continent.
13. Palacio do Povo, Cabo Verde
A public building in the
city centre of Mindelo
in Cape Verde.
It was built in 1874,
when there were plans
to move the capital of
Cape Verde to Mindelo.
It has been called
Palacio do Povo
(People’s Palace) since
independence in 1975.
14. Tiglachin Memorial or Derg
Monument, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
A memorial to
Ethiopian and Cuban
soldiers involved in
the Ogaden War.
Located on Churchill
Avenue in Addis
Ababa, Ethiopia.
15. Great Temple of Ramses II,
Abu Simbel, Egypt
Site of two temples
built by the Egyptian
king Ramses
II (reigned 1279–
1213 BCE), now
located in Aswan,
southern Egypt.
The ancient
monument show
sandstone figures of
Ramses II in front of
the main temple.
16. Tour de I’Echangeur, Kinshasa,
DRC
A tower located in the commune of
Limete in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic
of the Congo.
The tower stands in the middle of a
public square which was called Exchange
Square until 2011, when its name was
changed to Reconstruction Square.
It was ordered built by President Mobutu
Sese Seku in 1971 as a monument to
Patrice Lumumba.
It is a total of 210 metres (689 feet) tall.
Today it hosts the Museum of
Contemporary and Multimedia Arts.
17. Menelik II Square, Addis
Ababa, Ethiopia
The square was built to
celebrate the Ethiopian
Victory in the Battle of
Adwa, which concluded on
Saint George's Day.
This statue of Emperor
Menelik II stands directly
across from Saint George's
Cathedral.
The monument was erected
by Emperor Haile Selassie I,
in 1930, just before his
coronation.
The center of this square is
considered "ground zero" of
the highways of the Nation.
18. African Renaissance
Monument, Dakar, Senegal
A bronze statue perched on a hill in
Dakar, Senegal.
It is the tallest statue in Africa,
standing 164 feet high. Taller than
the Statue of Liberty in the U.S.A.,
and the second tallest statue across
the globe after the statue of unity in
Gujarat, India.
The statue was inaugurated at a
ceremony on April 3, 2010, to
symbolize the triumph of African
liberation.
The unveiling marked Senegal's 50
years of independence.
19. Giza Pyramid Complex
The Giza Pyramids were
built by Pharaohs Khufu
(tallest), Khafre
(background), and
Menkaure (front).
They were burial
complexes built during a
period of frenetic
construction, from
roughly 2550 to 2490 B.C.
The Great Pyramid was
the tallest man-made
structure in the world for
more than 3,800 years,
standing at 146.6 metres
(481 feet) initially.
20. Cairo Citadel of Saladin, Egypt
The Cairo Citadel was
built by Saladin
between 1176-1183
AD and further
developed by
subsequent Egyptian
rulers.
Among the most
impressive and
ambitious military
fortification projects of
its time.
UNESCO World Heritage
site since 1979.
21. Mapungubwe Interpretation
Centre, South Africa
Located in the
Mapungubwe National
Park and World
Heritage Site.
The building won the
World Architectural
Building of the Year
Award in 2009.
The stone-walling
technique used in the
building of the centre
was adopted from a
native method
prevalent in the
Mapungubwe area.
22. The Valley Of The Kings, Egypt
The Valley of the Kings is
a royal burial ground for
pharaohs from the 18th,
19th, and 20th dynasties
(the New Kingdom of
Egypt), a period of
nearly 500 years from
the 16th to 11th century
BC.
It is located on the Nile's
west bank near Luxor.
In 1979, it became a
World Heritage Site, as
well as the rest of the
Theban Necropolis.
23. Victoria Falls
Victoria Falls is shared by
two countries: Zambia (to
the north) and Zimbabwe
(to the south).
It is part of the mighty
Zambezi River, which
forms the border
between Zimbabwe and
Zambia.
David Livingstone was the
first European to see the
falls (November 16,
1855). He named them
for Queen Victoria of the
United Kingdom.
24. Sossusvlei, Namibia
A salt and clay pan
surrounded by high red
dunes,
Located within the Namib-
Naukluft National Park in the
southern part of the Namib
Desert,
The tallest dune is called
“Big Daddy”, reaching up to a
whopping 325 metres.
The sand is five million years
old and gets its distinctive
colour from the thin layer of
iron oxide which coats its
tiny grains.
25. Adomi Bridge, Atimpoku,
Ghana
A latticed steel arch
suspension bridge in Ghana.
Located in Atimpoku in the
Eastern Region of Ghana,
the bridge crosses the
Volta River downstream of
the Akosombo Dam.
It is Ghana's longest
suspension bridge.
Constructed by Dorman
Long Ltd between March
1955 and January 1957, the
bridge was opened on 25
January1957 by Kwame
Nkrumah, Ghana's first
president.
26. Mount Kilimanjaro, Tanzania
At 5,895m above sea level, Mount
Kilimanjaro in Tanzania is the tallest
mountain on the African continent.
A dormant volcano located in
Kilimanjaro Region of Tanzania, most
recent activity was about 200 years
ago; the last major eruption was
360,000 years ago.
Approximately 25,000 people attempt
to summit Mt. Kilimanjaro annually.
Approximately two-thirds are
successful.
27. Serengeti National Park,
Tanzania
A protected area within
the Serengeti ecosystem,
in the Arusha Regions of
Tanzania.
The area includes
approximately 30,000 km²
of land, including the
Serengeti National Park
and several game
reserves.
It is a UNESCO World
Heritage site, best known
for its vast herds of
animals, especially
Wildebeests, Zebras, and
Gazelles.
28. Sahara Desert
It is the largest hot desert
in the world and the third-
largest desert overall,
behind the cold deserts of
Antarctica and the Arctic.
Located in North Africa, it
covers an area of
9.2 million km².
The Sahara Desert is one of
the driest and hottest
regions of the world.
The average annual
temperature is 30°C whilst
the hottest temperature
ever recorded was 58°C.
29. Leptis Magna, Libya
Largest city of the ancient
region of Tripolitania, in
modern Libya.
Originally founded by the
Phoenicians in the 7th
century BC.
Enlarged and embellished
by Emperor Septimius
Severus (who ruled from
193 to 211 AD), the Leptis
Magna was one of the most
beautiful cities of the
Roman Empire in its
heyday.
It was designated
a UNESCO World Heritage
site in 1982.
30. Ngorongoro Crater, Arusha,
Tanzania
The largest inactive and
intact volcanic caldera in
the world.
The Ngorongoro volcano
was active from about
2.45 to 2 million years
ago.
Because of the variety of
animals present, the
Ngorongoro Crater is a
well-known tourist
attraction.
The Crater was officially
hailed as one of the Seven
Natural Wonders of Africa
in 2015.
31. Alice Lane Towers,
Johannesburg, South Africa
Also know as the dancing
towers, the 15 Alice Lane
Towers are commercial office
space towers located in
Sandton Central, Johannesburg.
The 17-storey twin towers are
constructed of concrete, glass
and aluminum.
Its construction employed
cutting edge glass technology.
The project was designed by
the Paragob Architects
(Anthony Orelowitz, Raj Patel
and Anthony Butcher).
32. National Arts Theatre, Lagos
The National Theatre, Nigeria, is
located in Iganmu, Surulere,
Lagos.
It is the primary centre for the
performing arts in Nigeria.
Completed in 1976 in
preparation for the Festival of
Arts and Culture in 1977.
Designed and constructed
by Bulgarian construction
company (Techno Exporstroy).
33. Ancient Kano City Wall, Nigeria
Ancient
defensive walls built to
protect the inhabitants of
the ancient city of Kano.
Started in 1095 by Sarki
Gijimasu, the third.
Completed in the 14th
century under Sarki Usman
Zamnagawa Dan Shekarau.
Constructed from laterite,
a reddish clayey material
that hardens when dry.
Described as "the most
impressive monument in
West Africa“.
34. Osu Castle, Ghana
A castle located in
Osu, Ghana, on the coast
of the Gulf of Guinea in
Africa.
Also known as Fort
Christiansborg or The
Castle,
Built by Denmark-Norway
in the 1660s,
Thereafter the fort
changed ownership
between Denmark-
Norway, Portugal, the
Akwamu, Britain, and
finally post-Independence
Ghana.
35. Olduvai Gorge Museum,
Tanzania
Museum located in the
Ngorongoro
Conservation Area in
Northern Tanzania on
the edge of the Olduvai
Gorge.
It was opened on 3
October 2017.
The museum exhibits
numerous hominid
fossils, stone tools and
skeletons of many
extinct animals
excavated in the
gorge.
36. Table Mountain, Cape Town,
South Africa
Table Mountain is a flat
topped mountain in Cape
Town, South Africa.
In 1503, Portuguese
explorer, Antonio de
Saldanha became the first
white man to hike up
Table Mountain and
named it Taboa do Cabo
(Table of the Cape).
The mountain is home to
a wide diversity of
wildlife.
Voted one of the New
Seven Wonders of the
World in 2011.
37. Okavango Delta, Botswana
Delta in north-west Botswana
comprised of permanent
marshlands and seasonally
flooded plains.
It is one of the very few major
interior delta systems that do
not flow into a sea or ocean.
The Okavango Delta is home to
some of the world’s most
endangered species of large
mammal, such as the cheetah,
white rhinoceros, black
rhinoceros, African wild dog
and lion.
On 22 June 2014, the Okavango
Delta became the 1000th site
to be officially inscribed on the
UNESCO World Heritage List.
38. Castle of Good Hope, Cape
Town, South Africa
A bastion fort built
between 1666 and 1679 by
the Dutch East India
Company in Cape Town,
South Africa.
Considered the best
preserved example of a
Dutch East India Company
fort.
The oldest existing colonial
building in South Africa.
The yellow paint on the
walls was chosen to reduce
the glare from the sunlight
and also because it reflects
the heat.
39. Voortrekker Monument,
Pretoria, South Africa
Located just south
of Pretoria in South Africa,
The monument is a granite
structure on a hilltop which
was raised to
commemorate
the Voortrekkers
(Boers) who left the Cape
Colony between 1835 and
1854.
Voortrekkers mean
‘pioneers’ in Afrikaans.
Designed by the
architect Gerard Moerdijk,
it was started on 13 July
1937 and completed on 12
December 1949.
40. Union Buildings, Pretoria,
South Africa
The Union Buildings form the
official seat of the South African
Government and also house the
offices of the President of South
Africa.
Located at the highest point of
South Africa's capital city, Pretoria.
Designed by Herbert Baker in 1908
after the Neoclassical, Edwardian
and Cape Dutch Architecture.
Constructed between 1909 and
1913, they were originally built to
accommodate the entire Public
Service for the Union of South
Africa
41. Torre De La Libertad, Bata,
Equatorial Guinea
A monument located
in the city of Bata, in
the African country
of Equatorial Guinea.
It was inaugurated on
12 October 2011 in
the celebrations for
the independence of
the nation.
42. Makgadikgadi Salt Pans,
Botswana
Reputably the world’s
largest salt pan
landscape (covering an
area of over 30 000
km2)
Situated in the middle
of the dry savanna of
north-eastern
Botswana.
Lying south-west of the
Okavango Delta and
surrounded by the
Kalahari Desert.
43. African Heritage House,
Nairobi, Kenya
African Heritage House is a
national monument in
Kenya.
Built between the years
1989 and 1994, the house
was designed and modelled
by Alan Donovan who is also
the owner.
Its objective is to preserve
the forgotten architectural
designs of the African
continent.
Inspired by the mud
architecture of the Great
Mosque of Djenneé in Mali,
the mud palaces of
Morocco.
44. Reunification Monument,
Yaoundé, Cameroon
Constructed in the
1970s to memorialize
the post-colonial
merging of British and
French Cameroon.
Located in the city of
Yaoundé, Cameroon.
The monument was
designed by Gédéon
Mpando and completed
in 1974.
It represents the hopes
and dreams of a
bilingual Cameroon.
45. The Corinthia Hotel Khartoum,
Sudan
A five-star hotel in
central Khartoum, the
capital of Sudan.
Opened on 17 August
2008
It was built and
financed by the
Libyan government.
It is designed to
resemble a ship's sail.
46. Kasubi Tombs, Kampala,
Uganda
The site of the burial
grounds for four kabakas
(kings of Buganda) and
other members of the
Baganda royal family.
They constitute a site
embracing 26.8 hectares
of Kasubi hillside
within Kampala City.
The site is the major
spiritual centre for the
Baganda where traditional
and cultural practices
have been preserved.
47. Cliff of Bandiagara (Land of the
Dogons)
Sandstone cliffs featuring
Dogon villages and ancient
caves once used by the
Tellem and Toloy peoples
located in the Mopti Region
of Mali.
It features an outstanding
landscape of cliffs and
sandy plateaux with some
beautiful architecture.
The Tellem people
inhabited the escarpment
until the fifteenth century,
The area is inhabited today
by the Dogon people.
48. Lideta Market, Ethiopia
A new non-typical
shopping mall in
the Ethiopian capital,
Addis Ababa.
Built between 2010 and
2017, it was awarded
the UNESCO Prix
Versailles for the
world’s best shopping
centre in 2017.
It was designed by
Xavier Vilalta
architects.
49. Fiat Tagliero, Asmara, Eritrea
A Futurist-style service
station
in Asmara, Eritrea.
Designed by Italian
Architect Guido
Ferrazza, it was
completed in 1938.
The building resembles
an aeroplane,
consisting of the
central tower which
supports a pair of 15m
wings built in
reinforced concrete.
50. Maropeng Visitors’ Centre,
South Africa
The Maropeng Visitor
Centre is a UNESCO-listed
Cradle of Humankind, a
site of important fossil
finds.
Its name, Maropeng,
means “returning to the
place of origin” in
Setswana, one of South
Africa’s 11 official
languages.
More than 1000 hominid
fossils have been found in
a network of limestone
caves here, spanning a
period of around three
million years.
51. Pyramids of Meroe, Sudan
The Meroe pyramids hold
burial chambers for
Kushite kings and queens
whose rule spanned
nearly five centuries from
592 BC to 350 AD,
Located near the banks of
the Nile River in an area
known as Nubia in
northeastern Sudan.
Built of granite and
sandstone in the Nubian
style, the Meroe pyramids
are marked by small bases
and steep slopes between
six and 30 metres in
height.
52. The Great Zimbabwe Great
Enclosure, Masvingo, Zimbabwe
The Great Zimbabwe is a ruin
of a medieval city in the south-
eastern hills of the modern
country of Zimbabwe,
near Lake Mutirikwi and the
town of Masvingo.
It is estimated to have been
built between 1100 and 1450
AD.
The city is divided into three
distinct architectural groups
known as the Hill Complex, the
Valley Complex, and the Great
Enclosure.
It may have had
between 12,000 to 18,000
residents in its prime.
53. Great Mosque of Djenne, Mali
A large brick or adobe
building in the Sudano-
Sahelian architectural
style.
Located in the city of
Djenné, Mali.
The current structure
dates from 1907.
At fifty-two feet high,
it is the largest mud-
brick building globally.
Designated a UNESCO
World Heritage Site in
1988.
54. Bibliotheca, Alexandrina,
Egypt
A major library and cultural
center on the shore of
the Mediterranean
Sea in Alexandria, Egypt.
It is a commemoration of
the Library of Alexandria, once
one of the largest libraries in the
world, which was lost in
antiquity.
The complex was officially
inaugurated on 16 October 2002.
55. Lalibela Rock Hewn Churches,
Ethiopia
One of eleven rock-
hewn monolithic churches in
Lalibela, a town in the
Amhara Region of Ethiopia.
These eleven medieval
monolithic churches were
carved out of rock.
Their building is attributed to
King Lalibela who set out to
construct, in the 12th
century, a ‘New Jerusalem’.
Lalibela is a high place of
Ethiopian Christianity, still
today a place of pilgrimage
and devotion.
56. Axum Obelisks, Ethiopia
A 24-metre
megalith surrounded by a
ring of smaller Obelisks.
Built in the 4th century by
King Ezana.
The Monolith of Axum
was taken from the
Ethiopians in the 1930s
and transported to Rome
as a spoil of war.
In 2008, it was
repatriated to widespread
praise across Ethiopia.
57. Avenue of the Baobabs,
Madagascar
A prominent group of Grandidier's
baobabs (Adansonia grandidieri)
lining the unpaved Road
No.8 between Morondava
and Belon'i Tsiribihina in
the Menabe region of
western Madagascar.
The baobab trees are up to 2,800
years old, preserved by the locals
both for their own sake and for
their value as a food source and
building material.
The area is a natural monument
under conservation since July
2015, but the trees are still
threatened by further
deforestation.
58. Zeitz Museum of Contemporary
Art, Cape Town, South Africa
The largest museum of
contemporary art from
Africa and the first-ever
major institution
dedicated exclusively to
artists from across the
African continent and
diaspora.
Located in the Silo
District at the Victoria &
Alfred Waterfront in Cape
Town, South Africa.
Designed by UK architect
Thomas Heatherwick and
unveiled on 22 September
2017.
59. Arch of Caracalla, Djemila,
Algeria
A Roman triumphal
arch located
at Djémila (formerly
Culcul) in Algeria.
Erected in 216 AD in
honor of the Emperor
Caracalla, his mother,
Julia Domna, and his
deceased father Septimius
Severus.
Placed on the road
leading to Sitifis, it
constituted the entrance
to the city's Severan
forum.
60. El-Kala National Park, Algeria
The El Kala National Park and
Biosphere Reserve is one of
the national parks of Algeria in the
extreme north-east of the country.
Established in 1983, it has an area of
764 km².
It has unique ecosystems that consist
of a marine ecosystem, mountains,
dense woodlands, picturesque forests
and numerous lakes.
Recognized as a biosphere reserve by
the UNESCO on 17 December 1990.
The park has 6 lakes and 50 km of
shores facing the Mediterranean Sea.
61. The Test Garden of Hamma,
Algeria
A 32-hectare botanical
garden located in the
Mohamed Belouizdad district
of Algiers, established in
1832.
The garden's principal
activity was to provide trees
to public organizations and
to European settlers.
There are currently an
estimated 1,200 different
species of plant in the
garden.
62. Kasbah of Algiers, Algeria
The Kasbah of Algiers
or the Citadel
of Algiers in Algeria is
a series of white
houses and narrow
streets, all cascading
down to the
Mediterranean Sea.
Proclaimed World
Cultural Heritage site
by UNESCO in 1992.
63. The Maqam Echahid (Martyrs
Monument), Algeria
A concrete monument located in
Algiers commemorating
the Algerian War.
Designed by Bachir Yelles and
Marian Konieczny, it was
unveiled in 1982 on the 20th
anniversary of Algeria’s
independence.
It is fashioned in the shape of
three standing palm leaves,
which shelter the "Eternal
Flame" under it.
At the edge of each palm leaf is
a statue of a soldier
representing a stage of Algeria's
struggle for independence.
64. The Fortress of Muxima,
Angola
Fortress located in
the village of Muxima,
Luanda Province of
Angola.
Built in 1599 by the
Portuguese from stone
and mortar.
Classified as a
National monument in
1924.
65. Bafut Palace, Cameroon
The Bafut Palace is located in
the Northwest province of
Cameroon.
It has been the heart of
political power for the Fon
and the greater Bafut
kingdom for over 400 years.
The palace embodies Bafut
cultural identity and remains
a center for religious rites
and traditional ceremonies.
Over 50 houses are clustered
around the site’s spiritual
core, Achum Shrine.
66. Lake Nyos, Cameroon
Lake Nyos is a deep lake high on the flank of
an inactive volcano in the Oku volcanic
plain along the Cameroon line of volcanic
activity.
Located in the Northwest
Region of Cameroon, about 315 km (196 mi)
northwest of Yaoundé, the capital
A pocket of magma lies beneath the lake and
leaks carbon dioxide (CO2) into the water,
changing it into carbonic acid.
In 1986, possibly as the result of a
landslide, Lake Nyos suddenly emitted a
large cloud of CO2,
which suffocated 1,746 people and 3,500
livestock in nearby towns and villages.
67. Tibesti Mountains, Chad
Dubbed the The Alps of the
Sahara,
The Tibesti is a volcanic
mountain range located In
northeastern Chad, a
hundred kilometres from the
nearest road and a thousand
kilometres from the capital
city of N’Djamena.
An average of less than 20
millimetres of rain per year.
68. Cairo Tower, Egypt
The Cairo is a free-standing
concrete tower in Cairo, Egypt,
standing at 187 m (614 ft).
Located in the Gezira district
on Gezira Island in the River
Nile.
Designed by the Egyptian
architect Naoum Shebib and
built between 1956 and 1961.
Often considered Egypt's
second most famous landmark
after the Pyramids of Giza.
69. Benito River Bridge,
Equatorial Guinea
Benito River Bridge
connects Bolondo with
Mbini in Equatorial Guinea.
The Chinese-built bridge
spans the Benito River,
replaces the old ferry and
gives Mbini easy access to
the North.
70. Massawa Imperial Palace,
Eritrea
Former Imperial Palace of
Ethiopian king Haile Selassie.
Located at Massawa, Eritrea
(formerly part of Ethiopia).
It was attacked in 1990 by the
Soviet-backed DERG
government of Mengistu Haile
Mariam during the Ethiopian-
Eritrean war.
The palace was heavily
damaged during the attack
and has been basically
abandoned.
71. The Sandal Monument,
Asmara, Eritrea
Sandal war memorial in Asmara,
Eritrea.
A sculpture of two giant sandals.
Made of sheet metal and
extending more than 20 feet
long, the memorial lies in a
small park known as Shida
Square.
The Shida is the footwear that
Eritrean nationalists have worn
since the 1960s in their fight to
attain an independent country.
72. Kintampo Waterfalls, Ghana
Formerly known as Sanders
Falls in colonial times,
Kintampo waterfalls is one of
Ghana’s highest waterfalls.
Located in Bono East, on the
Pumpum river (a tributary of
the Black Volta)
It falls about 70 metres
(230 ft)
The waterfall was designated
in 1992 as a tourist site.
73. National Theatre Accra, Ghana
Opened in 1992, the National
Theatre of Ghana houses the three
resident companies of the National
Dance Company, the National
Symphony Orchestra, and the
National Theatre Players.
Located in Victoriaborg.
Built by the Chinese and offered as
a gift to Ghana.
Construction started on 8 March
1990 and was completed on 16
December 1992.
Structurally the theatre looks like a
gigantic ship or a seagull spreading
its wings.
74. Cape Coast Castle, Ghana
One of about forty "slave castles", or
large commercial forts, built on
the Gold Coast of West Africa
(now Ghana) by European traders.
Used to hold enslaved Africans before
they were loaded onto ships and sold
in the Americas, especially
the Caribbean.
This “gate of no return” was the last
stop before crossing the Atlantic
Ocean.
Cape Coast Castle, along with other
forts and castles in Ghana, are
included on the UNESCO World
Heritage List because of their
testimony to the Atlantic gold and
slave trades
75. Dedan Kimathi Statue, Nairobi,
Kenya
Bronze statue of Mau Mau
leader Dedan Kimathi on a
graphite plinth erected in
central Nairobi, Kenya.
He was a Kenyan rebel leader
who fought against British
colonization in Kenya in the
1950s.
Considered a terrorist by the
British colonial government that
ruled Kenya at the time, he was
convicted and executed.
His reputation as the leading
fighter for Kenyan freedom
remains today.
76. Fort Jesus, Kenya
A fort located on Mombasa Island,
built between 1593 and 1596 by order
of King Felipe II of Castille, who also
reigned as King Filipe I of Portugal and
the Algarves,
Built to guard the Old Port
of Mombasa, Fort Jesus is a fine
example of 16th century Portuguese
military architecture.
Its name derives from the Portuguese
fleet which sailed under the flag of
the order of Christ.
Fort Jesus became a UNESCO World
Heritage Site in 2011.
77. Mau Mau Monument, Kenya
A UK-funded monument to
honour Kenyan freedom
fighters located at Freedom
Corner, Uhuru Park in Nairobi.
Official title of the
monument is ‘Memorial to
the Victims of Torture and Ill-
Treatment in the Colonial Era
1952-1960’.
It was opened on 12
September 2015.
It is a symbol of
remembrance and
reconciliation.
78. JJ Roberts Monument,
Monrovia, Liberia
Monument in memory of the first
president of Liberia, Joseph Jenkins
Roberts.
JJ Roberts was the first (1848–
1856) and also 7th (1872–1876)
president of Liberia.
He was born free in Norfolk in
Virginia, USA, and emigrated to
Liberia as a young man.
He became the leader of the
roughly 4000 Americans who came
to the country to establish a first
republic in Africa.
The structure is a tall rectangle
with a statue of Roberts standing in
front.
79. The Ambohitsorohitra Palace,
Madagascar
A presidential palace in the
capital of Madagascar,
Antananarivo.
Built between 1890 and
1892, it was officially
inaugurated on 14 July
1892.
Built to house the office
and the residence of
the French governor of
Madagascar, it now serves
only a symbolic role.
80. The Royal Hill of
Ambohimanga, Madagascar
The Royal Hill of
Ambohimanga consists of a
royal city and burial site, and
an ensemble of sacred places.
Located about 25 kilometres
northeast of Antananarivo in
the central highlands of
Madagascar.
First occupied in the fifteenth
century, the Royal Hill of
Ambohimanga has become the
most significant symbol of the
cultural identity of the people
of Madagascar.
Ambohimanga simply means
“blue hill” in English.
81. Cape MacLear, Malawi Lake,
Malawi
The busiest resort on Lake
Malawi.
Named "Cape Maclear“ by
the missionary and explorer
David Livingstone in 1859.
Cape Maclear and its islands,
forests and bay were declared a
national park in 1980, creating
the Lake Malawi National Park,
the first freshwater national
park in the world.
The area became a UNESCO
World Heritage Site in 1984,
82. Manchewe Falls, Malawi
A 125m high waterfall
in Livingstonia, Malawi,
the highest in the country.
The waterfalls,
surrounded by lush
rainforest, can be viewed
from Lukwe Ecocamp
which is 300 metres away.
People hiding from
slavers, over 100 years
ago, used to flee to the
caves behind the Falls.
83. Ben Amera, Mauritania
The largest monolith in
Africa, considered second
only to Australia’s Uluru in
the world.
Situated in the Adrar region
of the Sahara Desert, in
Mauritania, near the border
with Western Sahara.
It is a giant rock that rises
2076ft (633m) from the
ground.
Geologists think Ben Amera is
actually larger than Uluru if
you take into account the
portion of the rock beneath
the Saharan sand.
84. Monument Against Genocide,
Rwanda
Historical monument
which is part of
the Campaign Against
Genocide (CAG)
Museum.
The Campaign Against
Genocide (CAG)
Museum is situated in
the Parliamentary
building in Kigali,
Rwanda.
85. Bicentennial Monument,
Victoria, Seychelles
Also known as the Three Wings
Monument.
Three pairs of sprawling white
wings at the roundabout between
5th of June and Liberation
Avenue, Victoria, Seychelles.
Erected in 1978 on the occasion of
the 200th anniversary of the city
of Victoria.
The three wings represent the
origin of the Population of
Seychelles (Africa, Europe and
Asia).
The monument was created by the
Italian artist Lorenzo Appiani.
86. Gondershe Citadel, Somalia
Ruins of an ancient
stone city built on a
coastal promontory.
Gondershe is situated
about 20 kilometers
northeast
of Merca and about 50
kilometers southwest
of Mogadishu,
Somalia.
87. Tomb of The Unknown Soldier,
Somalia
Mogadishu
monument of the
Unknown Soldier.
Located in
Mogadishu city
in Banaadir.
88. Nobel Square, Cape Town,
South Africa
A public square in the Victoria
& Alfred Waterfront
neighborhood of Cape
Town, South Africa.
Dedicated to South Africa’s
four Nobel Peace Prize
laureates: Albert
Luthuli, Desmond Tutu, FW de
Klerk and Nelson Mandela.
The images are slightly larger
than life-size and have the
Laureates' preferred
quotations engraved in their
chosen language in front of
the sculptures.
89. Kalambo Falls, Zambia
A 772-foot (235 m) single-
drop waterfall on the
border of Zambia
and Rukwa
Region, Tanzania at the
southeast end of Lake
Tanganyika.
The 12th highest waterfall
in the world
Africa’s second highest
fresh water body
free-falling or single-drop
waterfalls (second to the
Tugela Falls in South
Africa).
90. Blyde (Molatse) River Canyon,
South Africa
Blyde River Canyon is the largest
green canyon in the world,
stretching over 26 km, and 800m
deep.
It is located in the Drakensberg
Escarpment in northwestern
South Africa.
Its name was changed by South
Africa to Molatse River Canyon in
2005.
Molatse means ‘always full’ in
the local MaPulane language
while ‘Blyde’ means ‘happy’ in
Dutch.
Notas do Editor
The Nile is composed of two tributaries: the White Nile and the Blue Nile.
The White Nile, which is the longer of the two, begins at Lake Victoria in Tanzania and flows north until it reaches Khartoum, Sudan, where it converges with the Blue Nile. The Blue Nile begins near Lake Tana in Ethiopia.
The soil surrounding the Nile is very fertile, unlike the arid landscape typical in the rest of Egypt.
The river used to flood on a yearly basis, but now the Aswan High Dam, built in the mid-20th century, allows surrounding countries to control the floods.
The reef extends 1,240 miles (2,000 km) along the coastline of Africa (Egypt, Sudan, and Eritrea).
The reef system is comprised of an abundance of aquatic life, lagoons, cylinders, and platforms.
The Red Sea Reef is home to over 1,100 species of fish and 200 soft and hard corals.
There are 44 different species of shark present on the reef.
The delta was named as one of the Seven Natural Wonders of Africa, which were officially declared on 11 February 2013 in Arusha, Tanzania.
On 22 June 2014, the Okavango Delta became the 1000th site to be officially inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List.
As a German protectorate state in 1918, soon after World War I ended, Cameroon was divided into two regions, which were under French and British rule. As soon as the African dependencies started gaining their independence, both Cameroons got their independence. First the French part, in January 1960, and 10 months later the British part.
Up until 1972, on the world map, there were two countries named Cameroon, which joined into one country 12 years after their independence, which was known as the Federal Republic of Cameroon, and in that honor the Reunification monument was built in Yaoundé.
Zeitz MOCAA also houses part of the extensive collection of German businessman and philanthropist Jochen Zeitz, as well as many pieces commissioned exclusively for the museum.
In 1986, possibly as the result of a landslide, Lake Nyos suddenly emitted a large cloud of CO2, which suffocated 1,746 people and 3,500 livestock in nearby towns and villages, the most notable one being Chah, which was abandoned after the incident. Though not completely unprecedented, it was the first known large-scale asphyxiation caused by a natural event. To prevent a recurrence, a degassing tube that siphons water from the bottom layers to the top, allowing the carbon dioxide to leak in safe quantities, was installed in 2001. Two additional tubes were installed in 2011.
Nyos is one of only three lakes known to be saturated with carbon dioxide in this way, and therefore prone to limnic eruptions (the others being Lake Monoun, also in Cameroon, and Lake Kivu in the Democratic Republic of Congo and Rwanda).
it emerged as a fortified political capital and royal palace during the reign of Andriantsimitoviaminandriana (r. 1740–1745)