This document provides an overview of different types of intellectual property including patents, trademarks, copyright, trade secrets, and geographical indications. It discusses the definition, terms of protection, and examples of patents (utility, plant, design), trademarks, copyright, and trade secrets. It also outlines the process for obtaining a patent in India and summarizes some key intellectual property court cases involving issues like trademark infringement, copyright ownership, and passing off.
This document summarizes several recent intellectual property cases from Indian courts. It discusses cases related to patent infringement, trademark infringement, copyright infringement, and passing off. In one case, the court issued an injunction in favor of Pidilite Industries in a trademark infringement case regarding the mark "KWIKHEAL". In another case regarding a film script, the court held that under the Copyright Act, an author retains special rights to claim authorship of their work even after assignment.
The Indian Patent Act of 1970 governs patent law in India. It provides patent protection to inventions that are novel, involve an inventive step, and are capable of industrial application. The Act was enacted to promote innovation while preventing misuse of foreign patents. Some key aspects of the Act include: (1) recognizing the true inventor rather than the first importer, (2) allowing employees to be named as inventors on patents for work inventions, and (3) requiring patent applications to be filed in triplicate with specifications, drawings, and fees. The Act also gives patent owners exclusive rights to exploit their inventions commercially for a period of 20 years.
This presentation covers intellectual property including patents, trademarks, and copyright. It discusses the laws governing intellectual property in India, the types of intellectual property, how they are protected, infringement cases, and conclusions. The World Intellectual Property Organization is introduced which promotes IP protection worldwide with headquarters in Geneva. Key details on patents, trademarks, and copyright are provided including eligibility requirements, terms of protection, registration processes, and penalties for infringement. Real-world infringement cases involving companies like Apple, HTC, and Adidas are briefly summarized.
The document discusses various aspects of intellectual property (IP) laws in India, including the types of IP, governing acts, terms of protection, and infringement issues. It covers patents, trademarks, copyrights, and introduces the governing bodies of WIPO and IP law firms. Key points include:
1) Patents protect inventions and are governed by the Patents Act, 1970. The patent term is 20 years from filing and covers functional/technical inventions.
2) Trademarks protect symbols, logos, designs used in commerce and are governed by the Trademarks Act, 1999. Rights are reserved for 10-17 years and renewed.
3) Copyright protects literary, artistic, and musical works and
The document discusses intellectual property rights (IPR) including patents, copyrights, trademarks, and trade secrets. It provides details on the requirements and types of patents and copyrights, and describes the different types of trademarks. The TRIPS Agreement establishes international standards for IPR covering these areas. India's laws have evolved over time, from the 1856 Act on patent protection to numerous amendments incorporating international obligations and new technologies. IPR are important as they give inventors exclusive rights, prevent plagiarism and unauthorized use, and can generate income through licensing.
This document provides an overview of intellectual property (IP) including the types of IP such as patents, trademarks, and copyrights. It discusses the World Intellectual Property Organization and IP law in India. Key types of IP are defined, for example that a patent provides exclusive rights to manufacture and sell an invention. Indian patent law is covered including sections on applications, grants, and working of patents. Trademarks and copyright are also briefly outlined. The document concludes with case studies on IP disputes in India such as between Bajaj Auto and TVS Motors regarding a patent controversy.
This document discusses various forms of intellectual property rights (IIR) recognized under international agreements including patents, trademarks, copyrights, geographical indicators, industrial designs, trade secrets, integrated circuits, and protection of new plant varieties. It provides details on what can be patented, the different types of patents, the patent process, and registration requirements for trademarks, copyrights, and geographical indicators. Industrial designs, trade secrets, integrated circuits, and protection of new plant varieties are also briefly outlined.
This document provides an overview of intellectual property rights (IPR) in India. It begins with defining IPR and the types, which include literary/artistic works (copyrights) and industrial property (patents, trademarks, designs, copyrights, geographical indications). The history of IPR in India and the world is then discussed. The regulatory authority in India is described as the Office of Controller General of Patent, Designs, Trademark. Details are then given on the main types of IPR covered in India - patents, copyrights, trademarks, geographical indications, industrial designs. The roles of the patent offices are mentioned.
This document summarizes several recent intellectual property cases from Indian courts. It discusses cases related to patent infringement, trademark infringement, copyright infringement, and passing off. In one case, the court issued an injunction in favor of Pidilite Industries in a trademark infringement case regarding the mark "KWIKHEAL". In another case regarding a film script, the court held that under the Copyright Act, an author retains special rights to claim authorship of their work even after assignment.
The Indian Patent Act of 1970 governs patent law in India. It provides patent protection to inventions that are novel, involve an inventive step, and are capable of industrial application. The Act was enacted to promote innovation while preventing misuse of foreign patents. Some key aspects of the Act include: (1) recognizing the true inventor rather than the first importer, (2) allowing employees to be named as inventors on patents for work inventions, and (3) requiring patent applications to be filed in triplicate with specifications, drawings, and fees. The Act also gives patent owners exclusive rights to exploit their inventions commercially for a period of 20 years.
This presentation covers intellectual property including patents, trademarks, and copyright. It discusses the laws governing intellectual property in India, the types of intellectual property, how they are protected, infringement cases, and conclusions. The World Intellectual Property Organization is introduced which promotes IP protection worldwide with headquarters in Geneva. Key details on patents, trademarks, and copyright are provided including eligibility requirements, terms of protection, registration processes, and penalties for infringement. Real-world infringement cases involving companies like Apple, HTC, and Adidas are briefly summarized.
The document discusses various aspects of intellectual property (IP) laws in India, including the types of IP, governing acts, terms of protection, and infringement issues. It covers patents, trademarks, copyrights, and introduces the governing bodies of WIPO and IP law firms. Key points include:
1) Patents protect inventions and are governed by the Patents Act, 1970. The patent term is 20 years from filing and covers functional/technical inventions.
2) Trademarks protect symbols, logos, designs used in commerce and are governed by the Trademarks Act, 1999. Rights are reserved for 10-17 years and renewed.
3) Copyright protects literary, artistic, and musical works and
The document discusses intellectual property rights (IPR) including patents, copyrights, trademarks, and trade secrets. It provides details on the requirements and types of patents and copyrights, and describes the different types of trademarks. The TRIPS Agreement establishes international standards for IPR covering these areas. India's laws have evolved over time, from the 1856 Act on patent protection to numerous amendments incorporating international obligations and new technologies. IPR are important as they give inventors exclusive rights, prevent plagiarism and unauthorized use, and can generate income through licensing.
This document provides an overview of intellectual property (IP) including the types of IP such as patents, trademarks, and copyrights. It discusses the World Intellectual Property Organization and IP law in India. Key types of IP are defined, for example that a patent provides exclusive rights to manufacture and sell an invention. Indian patent law is covered including sections on applications, grants, and working of patents. Trademarks and copyright are also briefly outlined. The document concludes with case studies on IP disputes in India such as between Bajaj Auto and TVS Motors regarding a patent controversy.
This document discusses various forms of intellectual property rights (IIR) recognized under international agreements including patents, trademarks, copyrights, geographical indicators, industrial designs, trade secrets, integrated circuits, and protection of new plant varieties. It provides details on what can be patented, the different types of patents, the patent process, and registration requirements for trademarks, copyrights, and geographical indicators. Industrial designs, trade secrets, integrated circuits, and protection of new plant varieties are also briefly outlined.
This document provides an overview of intellectual property rights (IPR) in India. It begins with defining IPR and the types, which include literary/artistic works (copyrights) and industrial property (patents, trademarks, designs, copyrights, geographical indications). The history of IPR in India and the world is then discussed. The regulatory authority in India is described as the Office of Controller General of Patent, Designs, Trademark. Details are then given on the main types of IPR covered in India - patents, copyrights, trademarks, geographical indications, industrial designs. The roles of the patent offices are mentioned.
This document provides an overview of intellectual property rights in India. It discusses the major types of IP protections including patents, trademarks, and copyrights. For each type of IP, it outlines what qualifies for protection, how long protections last, registration procedures, infringement issues, and remedies. It also provides some case study examples of IP protections and enforcement. The overall document aims to educate about "Know Your Rights" when it comes to intellectual property law in India.
This document provides an overview of intellectual property laws in India. It discusses the following:
(1) The main types of intellectual property covered by law in India including patents, trademarks, and copyrights.
(2) Key aspects of patent law including requirements for an invention to be patentable, terms of patents, and fees.
(3) Key aspects of trademark law including validity periods and registration process.
(4) Key aspects of copyright law including subject matter covered, ownership duration, and exceptions like fair use.
The document also discusses infringement of intellectual property rights and potential penalties through legal action.
This document summarizes a landmark intellectual property rights case in India between Coca-Cola and Bisleri International. The case involved a dispute over the trademark "Mazza" and whether Bisleri could manufacture and export Mazza products. The Delhi High Court ruled that it had jurisdiction and issued an injunction preventing Bisleri from selling Mazza in India. It was determined that exporting products with the trademark was considered a sale in the exporting nation and constituted infringement. The court also held exporter Verma International liable for infringing on Coca-Cola's trademark.
This document provides an overview of intellectual property rights (IPR) including an introduction and the main types of IPR. The types discussed are industrial designs, trademarks, trade secrets, geographical indications, copyright, and patents. For each type, 1-3 paragraphs provide details on the definition, requirements, terms, and examples. The document concludes with a reference section.
This document provides an overview of patent, trademark, and copyright protection. It discusses:
1. The basics of patents, including the types of patents (utility, design, plant) and requirements for patentable subject matter.
2. The requirements for filing a patent application, including invention disclosures, reviewing claims and declarations, and notifying the attorney of all inventors.
3. Trademark basics like what qualifies for a trademark and registration benefits. Filing requirements include choosing a distinctive mark and submitting specimens.
4. Copyright basics like the types of works protected and requirements to register including submitting a copy and fee. Registration provides benefits like statutory damages.
Indian Intellectual Property Cases Report, 2021.pdfBananaIP Counsels
BananaIP is happy to launch the IP Cases Report for the year 2021. This report covers cases related to intellectual property decided by Courts in India, in the form of case notes. These case notes cover important decisions on critical questions of law and fact with respect to various species of intellectual property.
Impact of Intellectual Property Rights on International Trade and relations. Indian Economy and new innovations. Patents. Copyrights. Geographical Indicators. Evolution of IPR
This document provides an overview of intellectual property rights, including the different types of IP (patent, trademark, copyright). It discusses what is covered under each type of IP right and how they are protected legally. For patents, it describes the requirements for patentability, duration and fees. For trademarks, it explains the registration process, duration and correct usage. For copyright, it outlines what works are covered, registration procedure and duration of copyright. The presentation concludes by emphasizing the importance of respecting other's IP rights and not using competitors' marks in a confusing or misleading way.
This document provides an overview of patent, trademark, and copyright protection. It discusses:
- The types of patents including utility patents, design patents, and plant patents which grant exclusivity for 20, 15, and 20 years respectively.
- Trademarks protect words, slogans, designs used to identify the source of goods/services and provide exclusivity with registration.
- Copyright automatically protects original works when fixed in a tangible form for the life of the author plus 70 years and registration provides benefits like statutory damages.
- Filing requirements and benefits of registration are outlined for patents, trademarks, and copyrights including notice provisions. Infringement remedies and strategies to avoid infringement are also summarized.
This document provides an overview of patent, trademark, and copyright protection. It discusses:
- The types of patents including utility patents, design patents, and plant patents which grant exclusionary rights for inventions for up to 20 years.
- Trademarks protect words, symbols or designs that identify the source of goods/services. Registration provides nationwide rights and benefits such as incontestability.
- Copyright automatically protects original works when fixed in a tangible form, including literature, music, art, and software, for the author's life plus 70 years. Registration facilitates enforcement of rights.
The document outlines filing requirements and procedures for each type of protection, as well as infringement and remedies. It concludes with a brief
The document discusses various aspects of intellectual property legislation. It begins by introducing WIPO, the World Intellectual Property Organization, which was established in 1967 and promotes intellectual property protection worldwide from its headquarters in Geneva. The document then defines intellectual property as ownership of an idea or design by its creator, and gives exclusive rights to that creation. It outlines the main types of intellectual property protections: patents, copyrights, trademarks, industrial design, geographical indications, and trade secrets. For each type, it provides details on applicable laws, duration of protection, registration processes, and examples. Overall, the document provides a comprehensive overview of intellectual property concepts and the legislation governing different forms of intellectual property rights.
The document summarizes key aspects of patents, trademarks, and industrial designs as forms of intellectual property rights under TRIPS. It discusses the requirements for intellectual property rights according to TRIPS, including national treatment, minimum standards of protection and enforcement. It also provides definitions and examples of patents, trademarks, and industrial designs, and outlines the processes for obtaining each type of intellectual property right in India.
Intellectual Property
Industrial Property Copyrights and related rights
Industrial Patents Trademarks Trade Secrets Geographical Layout Designs of Plant varieties &
Designs Service marks Indications Semi Conductor ICs Farmer’s rights
This is a presentation of Intellectual property rights , how can we use them , what are its benefits and how the intellectual property is protected under these laws.
The document summarizes an intellectual property case between Bajaj Auto Ltd. and TVS Motor Company Ltd. regarding Bajaj's patent on an internal combustion engine technology. Bajaj alleged TVS' new 125cc motorcycle infringed its patent. TVS argued the patent was invalid and its engine did not infringe. The court initially granted Bajaj an injunction but it was overturned on appeal. The Supreme Court allowed TVS to sell its product while maintaining sales records, appointing a receiver to oversee this.
This document provides an overview of intellectual property (IP) laws in India. It discusses the following key points:
1. IP laws in India are governed by acts like the Patents Act of 1970 (amended in 2005), the Trademarks Act of 1999, and the Copyright Act of 1957 (amended several times).
2. The main types of IP covered are patents, trademarks, and copyrights. Patents protect inventions, trademarks protect symbols and brands, and copyrights protect artistic and literary works.
3. Infringement of IP rights is a legal offense in India. Rights holders can file civil suits and infringers can face penalties like imprisonment or fines. Several examples of IP infringement cases in
Intellectual property rights establish minimum standards of protection for intellectual creations of the mind such as inventions, artistic works, symbols, names and images. They usually give the creator exclusive rights over use of the creation for a certain period of time. The main purpose is to encourage creation of a variety of intellectual goods. There are two main forms - literary and artistic works protected by copyright, and industrial property like patented inventions protected by patents, trademarks, industrial designs, trade secrets and geographical indications. World Intellectual Property Organization promotes IP protection globally.
The document discusses intellectual property rights (IPR) issues and trends in India. It provides an overview of different types of IPR including patents, trademarks, copyrights, and others. It then summarizes some key IPR cases in India regarding patent disputes, trademark disputes, and copyright issues. It also outlines new trends in IPR in India such as strengthening enforcement, establishing specialized institutions, and expanding the role of patent offices.
Promotion-Meaning and Significance and types, Advertising, personal selling, Public Relations & sales promotion, Factors affecting promotion mix decisions. Channels of Distribution –Definition and importance, Factors affecting channels, Types of marketing channels Factors affecting choice of distribution channel, Wholesaling and retailing; Types of Retailers
This document provides an overview of intellectual property rights in India. It discusses the major types of IP protections including patents, trademarks, and copyrights. For each type of IP, it outlines what qualifies for protection, how long protections last, registration procedures, infringement issues, and remedies. It also provides some case study examples of IP protections and enforcement. The overall document aims to educate about "Know Your Rights" when it comes to intellectual property law in India.
This document provides an overview of intellectual property laws in India. It discusses the following:
(1) The main types of intellectual property covered by law in India including patents, trademarks, and copyrights.
(2) Key aspects of patent law including requirements for an invention to be patentable, terms of patents, and fees.
(3) Key aspects of trademark law including validity periods and registration process.
(4) Key aspects of copyright law including subject matter covered, ownership duration, and exceptions like fair use.
The document also discusses infringement of intellectual property rights and potential penalties through legal action.
This document summarizes a landmark intellectual property rights case in India between Coca-Cola and Bisleri International. The case involved a dispute over the trademark "Mazza" and whether Bisleri could manufacture and export Mazza products. The Delhi High Court ruled that it had jurisdiction and issued an injunction preventing Bisleri from selling Mazza in India. It was determined that exporting products with the trademark was considered a sale in the exporting nation and constituted infringement. The court also held exporter Verma International liable for infringing on Coca-Cola's trademark.
This document provides an overview of intellectual property rights (IPR) including an introduction and the main types of IPR. The types discussed are industrial designs, trademarks, trade secrets, geographical indications, copyright, and patents. For each type, 1-3 paragraphs provide details on the definition, requirements, terms, and examples. The document concludes with a reference section.
This document provides an overview of patent, trademark, and copyright protection. It discusses:
1. The basics of patents, including the types of patents (utility, design, plant) and requirements for patentable subject matter.
2. The requirements for filing a patent application, including invention disclosures, reviewing claims and declarations, and notifying the attorney of all inventors.
3. Trademark basics like what qualifies for a trademark and registration benefits. Filing requirements include choosing a distinctive mark and submitting specimens.
4. Copyright basics like the types of works protected and requirements to register including submitting a copy and fee. Registration provides benefits like statutory damages.
Indian Intellectual Property Cases Report, 2021.pdfBananaIP Counsels
BananaIP is happy to launch the IP Cases Report for the year 2021. This report covers cases related to intellectual property decided by Courts in India, in the form of case notes. These case notes cover important decisions on critical questions of law and fact with respect to various species of intellectual property.
Impact of Intellectual Property Rights on International Trade and relations. Indian Economy and new innovations. Patents. Copyrights. Geographical Indicators. Evolution of IPR
This document provides an overview of intellectual property rights, including the different types of IP (patent, trademark, copyright). It discusses what is covered under each type of IP right and how they are protected legally. For patents, it describes the requirements for patentability, duration and fees. For trademarks, it explains the registration process, duration and correct usage. For copyright, it outlines what works are covered, registration procedure and duration of copyright. The presentation concludes by emphasizing the importance of respecting other's IP rights and not using competitors' marks in a confusing or misleading way.
This document provides an overview of patent, trademark, and copyright protection. It discusses:
- The types of patents including utility patents, design patents, and plant patents which grant exclusivity for 20, 15, and 20 years respectively.
- Trademarks protect words, slogans, designs used to identify the source of goods/services and provide exclusivity with registration.
- Copyright automatically protects original works when fixed in a tangible form for the life of the author plus 70 years and registration provides benefits like statutory damages.
- Filing requirements and benefits of registration are outlined for patents, trademarks, and copyrights including notice provisions. Infringement remedies and strategies to avoid infringement are also summarized.
This document provides an overview of patent, trademark, and copyright protection. It discusses:
- The types of patents including utility patents, design patents, and plant patents which grant exclusionary rights for inventions for up to 20 years.
- Trademarks protect words, symbols or designs that identify the source of goods/services. Registration provides nationwide rights and benefits such as incontestability.
- Copyright automatically protects original works when fixed in a tangible form, including literature, music, art, and software, for the author's life plus 70 years. Registration facilitates enforcement of rights.
The document outlines filing requirements and procedures for each type of protection, as well as infringement and remedies. It concludes with a brief
The document discusses various aspects of intellectual property legislation. It begins by introducing WIPO, the World Intellectual Property Organization, which was established in 1967 and promotes intellectual property protection worldwide from its headquarters in Geneva. The document then defines intellectual property as ownership of an idea or design by its creator, and gives exclusive rights to that creation. It outlines the main types of intellectual property protections: patents, copyrights, trademarks, industrial design, geographical indications, and trade secrets. For each type, it provides details on applicable laws, duration of protection, registration processes, and examples. Overall, the document provides a comprehensive overview of intellectual property concepts and the legislation governing different forms of intellectual property rights.
The document summarizes key aspects of patents, trademarks, and industrial designs as forms of intellectual property rights under TRIPS. It discusses the requirements for intellectual property rights according to TRIPS, including national treatment, minimum standards of protection and enforcement. It also provides definitions and examples of patents, trademarks, and industrial designs, and outlines the processes for obtaining each type of intellectual property right in India.
Intellectual Property
Industrial Property Copyrights and related rights
Industrial Patents Trademarks Trade Secrets Geographical Layout Designs of Plant varieties &
Designs Service marks Indications Semi Conductor ICs Farmer’s rights
This is a presentation of Intellectual property rights , how can we use them , what are its benefits and how the intellectual property is protected under these laws.
The document summarizes an intellectual property case between Bajaj Auto Ltd. and TVS Motor Company Ltd. regarding Bajaj's patent on an internal combustion engine technology. Bajaj alleged TVS' new 125cc motorcycle infringed its patent. TVS argued the patent was invalid and its engine did not infringe. The court initially granted Bajaj an injunction but it was overturned on appeal. The Supreme Court allowed TVS to sell its product while maintaining sales records, appointing a receiver to oversee this.
This document provides an overview of intellectual property (IP) laws in India. It discusses the following key points:
1. IP laws in India are governed by acts like the Patents Act of 1970 (amended in 2005), the Trademarks Act of 1999, and the Copyright Act of 1957 (amended several times).
2. The main types of IP covered are patents, trademarks, and copyrights. Patents protect inventions, trademarks protect symbols and brands, and copyrights protect artistic and literary works.
3. Infringement of IP rights is a legal offense in India. Rights holders can file civil suits and infringers can face penalties like imprisonment or fines. Several examples of IP infringement cases in
Intellectual property rights establish minimum standards of protection for intellectual creations of the mind such as inventions, artistic works, symbols, names and images. They usually give the creator exclusive rights over use of the creation for a certain period of time. The main purpose is to encourage creation of a variety of intellectual goods. There are two main forms - literary and artistic works protected by copyright, and industrial property like patented inventions protected by patents, trademarks, industrial designs, trade secrets and geographical indications. World Intellectual Property Organization promotes IP protection globally.
The document discusses intellectual property rights (IPR) issues and trends in India. It provides an overview of different types of IPR including patents, trademarks, copyrights, and others. It then summarizes some key IPR cases in India regarding patent disputes, trademark disputes, and copyright issues. It also outlines new trends in IPR in India such as strengthening enforcement, establishing specialized institutions, and expanding the role of patent offices.
Promotion-Meaning and Significance and types, Advertising, personal selling, Public Relations & sales promotion, Factors affecting promotion mix decisions. Channels of Distribution –Definition and importance, Factors affecting channels, Types of marketing channels Factors affecting choice of distribution channel, Wholesaling and retailing; Types of Retailers
Consumer Behavior- meaning, nature and importance, Factors influencing consumer behavior, Buying Behavior process. Market Segmentation- meaning and need Bases for market segmentation, Requisites for effective segmentation, Steps in segmentation process, Targeting- meaning, strategies, Positioning- meaning and types
Definition, Nature, Scope & Goals of marketing, Difference between marketing and selling. Marketing process; Approaches to Marketing Functions and Significance of marketing Need- Want- Demand, Marketing Plan Meaning and features of marketing environment Steps in environmental scanning Components of marketing environment.
Introduction to Law, History Of Law, Legal Environment Of Business, Nature Of Law, Meaning And Definition Of Business laws,
Source Of Business Law, Scope Of Business Law
Commercial Laws, Labour laws, Corporate Laws, Taxation Laws, Financial Laws
Audit of Limited Companies and Audit Report
Company Auditors — appointment, qualification, powers, duties and liabilities, professional ethics of an auditor; Audit of limited companies - Banking companies, Insurance companies; Audit of co-operative societies, audit of educational institutions, Recent amendments on the appointment of auditors. Audit Report - Types of audit report, form, and contents of audit report, the distinction between report and certificate, essentials of a good report
Verification and Valuation of Assets and Liabilities Meaning and objectives of verification and valuation, the position of an auditor as regards the valuation of assets, verification and valuation of different items - Assets - land & building, plant & machinery, goodwill, investments, stock in trade; Liabilities - bills payable, sundry creditors, contingent liabilities
Consumer Protection Act &Competition Act 2002: Background, definitions-consumer,consumer dispute,complaint,deficiency,service,consumer protection council,consumer redressal agencies,district forum,state commission and national commission;
Competition Act: Meaning and scope,salient features, terms, competition commission of India,offences and penalties under the act.
The Information Technology Act 2000, Digital Signature, Digital Signature Certificate, Electronic Record and Governance, Certifying Authorities, Cybercrime and Penalties under IT Act 2000.Nature Scope, Right To Information- procedure for getting information, The State Information Commission, Global Data Privacy Rights.
Vouching:Meaning, Definition, Importance
Routine Checking And Vouching,
Voucher And Types Of Voucher
Vouching of receipts-cash sales,
Receipt from debtors,
Proceeds From The Sale Of Investments,
Vouching Of Payments,
Cash Purchase,
Payment To Creditors,
Deferred Revenue Expenditure.
Meaning and definition of intellectual property.
Types of intellectual property,
Patent act of 1970 and amendments (as per WTO agreement)
Background, Object, Definition
Inventions, patentee, true and first inventor,
Procedure for grant of process and product patents,
Right to patentee, infringement, remedies
Indian Sale Of Goods Act, 1930: Definition of Contract, Essentials of contract of Sale, Condition & Warranties, Right & Duties of a Buyer, Rights of Unpaid Seller
Contract Laws: Indian Contract Act 1872: Definition of contract, essentials of a valid contract, classification of contracts, remedies of beach of contract
Internal Control Unit 2 Part 3 with regards to Purchase.pptxDr. Nidhi Raj Gupta
Internal Control, Internal check with regards to Purchase, tender, Purchase department, Department Heads, Assessment or requirements, Inquiry, Placing orders, receipt of goods, Recording and making payments, internal check with regards to sales.
The document discusses internal controls for wages payment and cash transactions. It outlines procedures to prevent fraud related to wages such as including dummy workers or manipulating time records. It recommends maintaining records of employee time, piecework, and overtime. For cash, it recommends separating duties for receipts, payments, and reconciliations. Key controls include issuing pre-numbered receipts, depositing cash daily, restricting access to cash and records, and requiring dual authorization of payments.
The document discusses internal controls, which refer to the principles, procedures, and practices that companies use to ensure oversight of risks and rectify issues. It provides examples of common internal controls like separating duties, using passwords, and reviewing reports. The objectives of internal controls include preventing errors, fraud, and misappropriation. There are three main types of internal controls: preventive controls aim to reduce the chance of issues beforehand, detective controls help detect errors or irregularities, and corrective controls take measures to address discrepancies found.
Auditing,Introduction
Meaning, Definition and Objectives,
Differences between Accountancy and Auditing,
Types of Audit,
Advantages of auditing,
Preparation before commencement of new audit,
Audit note book, Audit working paper, Audit program,
Nature and significance of COST, TAX and Management Audit
Recent trends in auditing include using artificial intelligence to help auditors analyze large amounts of data more efficiently, performing risk-based analysis to focus on higher-risk areas, and conducting new types of audits such as environmental, social, safety, system, and cyber security audits to ensure compliance with an increasing number of regulations and standards in various domains. Cloud-based data analysis and tools help enable real-time auditing of events and data from different locations.
Legal Aspects – Business Ownership
Sales and Income Tax and Workman Compensation Act
Clearances and permits required, formalities, licensing and registration procedures
Start up India schemes for Entrepreneurs, Central Government initiatives for start ups, Start up in Karnataka, Karnataka government initiates for start ups and entrepreneurs. Make in India schemes, Industrial Corridors. Industrial corridors for Food Processing, Tourism and IT.
Beyond Degrees - Empowering the Workforce in the Context of Skills-First.pptxEduSkills OECD
Iván Bornacelly, Policy Analyst at the OECD Centre for Skills, OECD, presents at the webinar 'Tackling job market gaps with a skills-first approach' on 12 June 2024
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docxadhitya5119
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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Training: ISO/IEC 27001 Information Security Management System - EN | PECB
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Article: https://pecb.com/article
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Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfTechSoup
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
हिंदी वर्णमाला पीपीटी, hindi alphabet PPT presentation, hindi varnamala PPT, Hindi Varnamala pdf, हिंदी स्वर, हिंदी व्यंजन, sikhiye hindi varnmala, dr. mulla adam ali, hindi language and literature, hindi alphabet with drawing, hindi alphabet pdf, hindi varnamala for childrens, hindi language, hindi varnamala practice for kids, https://www.drmullaadamali.com
5. Patent
It is important to note that patent for a new
invention is registered only if the invention is
‘novel’ and ‘original’
A ‘Patent’ is an intellectual property right which
protects any new invention.
A patent is granted for a term of 20 (twenty)
years from the date of filling of the application.
6. 1856 The Act VI of 1856 on protection of inventions based
on the British Patent Law of 1852.
1859
The Act modified as
act XV Patent
monopolies called
exclusive privileges
(making. Selling and
using inventions in india
and authorizing others to
do so for 14 years from
date of filing
specification).
1872 The Patterns & Designs Protection Act.
1883 The Protection of Inventions Act.
1888 Consolidated as the Inventions & Designs Act.
1911 The Indian Patents & Designs Act.
1999 On march 26, 1999 Patents (Amendment) Act, (1999) came
into force from 01-01-1995.
2002 The Patents (Amendment) Act 2002 came into
force from 20th may 2003
2005 The Patents (Amendment) Act 2005 effective from
1st january 2005
8. Utility Patent
Utility patents, the most common type issued by
the USPTO, apply to a broad range of inventions,
including:
1. Machines (something composed of moving
parts, such as engines or computers)
2. Articles of manufacture (brooms,
candleholders, etc.)
3. Processes (business processes, software,
etc.)
9. Plant Patent
A plant patent is granted by the United
States government to an inventor (or
the inventor's heirs or assigns)
who has invented or discovered and
reproduced a distinct and new variety
of plant, other than a tuber
propagated plant or a plant found in
an uncultivated state.
11. Design vs Utility
A utility patent protects the functional
aspects of an article, i.e., the way the
article works and is used, whereas a
design patent only protects the
ornamental appearance of an article,
such as its shape, configuration and/or its
surface ornamentation
12. The Trademarks
The validity of a trademark registration is for an initial period of 10 (ten) years which can renewed perpetually.
13. Trade Mark
Coca Cola was invented in 1886 and protected
by trademark (for the name Coca-Cola) and by
an industrial design (for this very special
design of the Coca-Cola bottle, supposed to be
in the shape of a woman wearing a long skin-
tight dress).
Trade Mark
14. The Copyrights
‘original
literary
Dramatic Musical,
artistic works cinematograph
films
sound
recording.
In case of published literary works, dramatical works and artistic works, copyright
protection shall be provided to such works for a term of 60 (sixty) years in addition to
the life of the author
15. Trade Secret
A trade secret is
typically something not
generally known to
the public, where
reasonable efforts are
made to keep it
confidential.
16.
17. The Geographical
Indications
• Many goods in India are widely popular owing to
their place of origin. For instance, ‘Darjeeling tea’
is unique .
• Place of origin includes Banarsi Saree; Basmati
Rice
• A registered geographical indication is awarded
protection for a term of ten (10) years with the
option of renewing and extending such protection
for further tenures of ten (10) years from the date
of expiration of the original registration.
19. Patent Grant in INDIA
Conceptualizing an invention
Filing of application With complete specification
With provisional specification
Publication u/s 11A (early or
post 18-months )
Filing complete within
12 months after
provisional YES
If NOT
Application
ABANDONED
REQUEST for EXAMINATION
on Form-18 within 48 months
from date of priority.
Pre-grant opposition U/s 25(1)
EXAMINATION [for
patentability &
other requirements
F.E.R. Issued.
20. F.E.R. ISSUED
• Re-Examination of amended documents
• Controller offers a hearing to the applicant.
• Application is to be put in order within 12 months from issue
of FER
Objections not met
within 12 months
ABANDONED Grant of Patent u/s 43 and
publication of grant
Post grant opposition u/s 25(2)
Objections met within 12
months
22. Pidilite Industries Limited
v. Poma-Ex Products & Ors.
• The Court held that the mark ‘KWIKHEAL’
used by the Defendants is prima facie
deceptive and misleading. The Court was
also of the opinion that the Defendants have
adopted identical packaging to ride
on the reputation of the Plaintiff.
• The Court further held that there exists a
high degree of phonetic similarity between
the mark of the Plaintiff “FEVIKWIK” and the
mark of the Defendants “KWIKHEAL”, as the
word “KWIK” is a dominant part of the
Plaintiff’s trademark.
• The Court issued an injunction in favour of
the Plaintiff.
23. Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Ltd. v. Curetech
Skincare and Galpha Laboratories Ltd.
• The dispute concerned the Plaintiff’s
product Candid-B, an anti-fungal cream, and
a similar drug being sold by Defendant No. 2
named Clodid-B.
• In addition to the adoption of similar word
mark, the Defendant No. 2 had also copied
the trade dress, color scheme, art
work, font style and even manner of
writing of the Plaintiff’s product.
25. Sajeev Pillai v. Venu Kunnapalli & Anr
• Mamankam is a grand festival which used to be held once in 12 years
on the banks of the Bharathapuzha river in Kerala during the 14th to
19th century.
• The appellant, Sajeev Pillai, a film director and a script writer, claims
to have researched the history of Mamankam and to have written a
script for a film. Stated to be his dream project, Pillai met Venu
Kunnapalli, the first respondent while searching for a producer to
make a film based on the script.
26. Sajeev Pillai v. Venu
Kunnapalli & Anr
Thereafter, he signed an MoU with
Kavya Film Company which was
associated with Kunnapalli.
Though Pillai was appointed as the
director, after completion of two
shooting schedules, his services were
terminated and he was replaced by
someone else. The shooting of the film
was thereafter completed, allegedly by
mutilating, distorting and modifying
his script.
27. Sajeev Pillai v. Venu Kunnapalli & Anr
• An interim injunction application was also filed to restrain the
respondents from releasing, publishing, distributing or exploiting the
film’ Mamankam’ and issuing pre-release publicity without providing
adequate authorship credits to Pillai as per film industry standards.
• The District Judge denied the interim injunction application triggering
Pillai to appeal before the Kerala High Court.
28. Sajeev Pillai v. Venu Kunnapalli & Anr
• In the appeal, Venu Kunnapalli took the stand that Pillai had assigned
his work which includes the story, script, screenplay and dialogue to
the respondents and hence he lost his authorship over the same.
• The Court analyzed Section 57(1) of the Copyright Act which
prescribes that even after assignment of the copyright in a work, the
author of a work will have special rights to claim the authorship of the
work. the Court held that the film may be released without exhibiting
anyone’s name as the script writer or as writer of the screen play
thereof till the disposal of the suit.
29. Carlsberg v/s Som
Distilleries
• Carlsberg alleged that Som
Distilleries (Som) had adopted an
imitation of its registered bottle
design, trademark and trade dress
to sell its Hunter beer which
amounted to infringement of design
and trademark, as well as passing
off. Carlsberg also filed an injunction
application to restrain Som from
carrying out its infringing activities.
The interim injunction application
was considered by the court and it
ruled in favour of Som.
30. Carlsberg v/s Som
Distilleries
Carlsberg's claim was based on:
• the unique and distinctive bottle
and trade dress/get-up of its
Tuborg beer bottle registered
under the Designs Act 2000;
• an infringement of registered
trademark Clockman shape label
on the bottle; and
• common law rights in the
distinctive shape of the bottle.
31. Carlsberg v/s Som
Distilleries
• Som distilleries claimed that
• In 2011, Som had initiated steps
to adopt a new design for its
Hunter beer and the bottle design
and label it adopted are a result of
its creativity and efforts.
• There was no novelty in
Carlsberg's bottle design, as the
shape, pull caps and labels are
common to the trade over which
no monopoly can be claimed.
32. Carlsberg v/s Som
Distilleries
• When the two bottles were
compared it could not be said that
the Hunter beer bottle was an
obvious imitation of Tuborg. The
adoption of the Hunter beer bottle
design appeared to be bona fide –
taking into account Som's
consultations with design
professionals dating back to 2011.
• The balance of convenience also
favoured Som as it had invested
heavily in designing and procuring
its bottles.
33. Nippon Steel, represented by Remfry and Sagar, filed a suit when
they received a complaint made to them by Yanbu Steel Company,
a trading company based in Saudi Arabia, about the quality of
some Carbon Seamless Pipes which were to be used in oil plants.
The company informed Nippon Steel that they were falsely
induced by the defendants to believe that these pipes were
manufactured by Nippon.
Nippon Steel & Sumitomo
Metal Corporation vs. Kishor
D Jain
34. It was later discovered that the pipes were manufactured by a
third-party manufacturer. The defendants duped the company by
affixing the Nippon Steel’s trademarks on the pipes and providing
forged certificates bearing Nippon Steel’s trademarks/logos to the
company
Nippon Steel & Sumitomo
Metal Corporation vs. Kishor
D Jain
35. Noting that there was a need to send out a serious message and to
deter other such unscrupulous entities from providing spurious
pipes, the Court decided to deal with the matter with an “iron
hand” and imposed Rs. 5 crores costs on the defendants. The
Court further directed that the costs were to be paid to the Tata
Memorial Hospital, a charitable organisation based in Mumbai.
Nippon Steel & Sumitomo
Metal Corporation vs. Kishor
D Jain
36. Christian
Louboutin V/S
Abubaker
• Christian Louboutin filed a
case against a Mumbai
based party, namely
Abubaker & Ors., who
were selling ladies
footwear with the similar
red soles.
• The plaintiff has got a
trademark certificate from
Europian Union.
37. Christian
Louboutin V/S
Abubaker
• Christian Louboutin
presented their arguments:
• That they are the
registered proprietor of the
trademark RED SOLE . Its a
red colour shade applied to
the soles of the ladies
footwear manufactured by
them.
38. Christian
Louboutin V/S
Abubaker
• The definition of a ‘mark’ under
the Indian Trademark Act {Section
2(m)} has categorically used the
expression ‘combination of
colours’. Thus a single colour does
not qualify as a mark.
• The colour red applied by the
Defendants to the soles of their
footwear, adds to the appeal or
the looks of the products, and
therefore such a feature which is
not used as a trademark will not
entitle the Plaintiff to seek
injunction against use of such
feature of the products by the
Defendants
39. Coca cola V/S
Parle
• Coca Cola was the largest
brand of soft drinks operating
in 200 countries.
• Defendant which was earlier
known as Aqua Minerals Pvt.
Ltd., was a part of Parle group
of Industries.
• The owners of defendant, Mr.
Ramesh Chauhan and Mr.
Prakash Chauhan, on
September 18, 1993, sold the
trademarks , formulation
rights, know- how, intellectual
property rights, goodwill etc.
of their products THUMBS UP,
LIMCA, GOLD SPOT, MAAZA to
the Coca cola.
40. Coca cola V/S
Parle
• The company Bisleri Sales Ltd, had the secret
beverage base for manufacturing maaza and was
an affiliated company of Defendant
• On September 12, 1993, several agreements were
signed between both the parties, such as, deed of
assignment, goodwill assignment, know-how,
confidentiality and non- use agreement, non-
compete agreement, general assignment, etc. to
give effect to the sale for a considerable money
value.
• Then, the plaintiff was envisaged with the right to
sell the product Maaza within the territory of India.
41. Coca cola V/S Parle
• The defendant retained the trademark rights of
MAAZA in respect of other countries where it
had been registered.
• In March 2008, the defendant got aware of the
fact that the plaintiff had filed for registration
of MAAZA in turkey.
• • As a result of this, it sent plaintiff a legal
notice repudiating the Licensing Agreement and
made it devoid of all other selling rights. • The
plaintiff filed the suit for permanent injunction
and damages for infringement of trademark
and passing off, as the defendant had
completely ignored many irrevocable and
absolute rights embarked upon the plaintiff.
42. Coca cola V/S Parle
The court had the territorial jurisdiction
over the matter, because the defendant
had issued a news article in Delhi edition
of Times of India, and the reports itself
created the jurisdiction of the court as
they showed his intention to use the mark
by way of groundless threat. Also, the
defendant had a factory at Shivaji Marg in
New Delhi and the threat was also given
as notice from New Delhi itself.
43. Coca cola V/S Parle
In view of negative covenant under
Section 42 of the Specific Relief Act, the
defendant no. 1 is not entitled to use the
mark MAAZA in India. Hence, the interim
order of injunction was granted to prevent
the plaintiff from irreparable loss and
injury.
The Delhi HC expressly barred Bisleri from
selling Maaza products, however, it is
specified that the company may continue
to manufacture Maaza on Indian soil,
provided the stock is exported
44. Emami Ltd vs Arbaaz
Khan Productions
On September 17, Emami Ltd served a legal notice to
Arbaaz Khan Productions for using the phrase "zandu
balm" in the "Munni badnaam hui" song of the Salman
Khan blockbuster Dabangg citing copyright violation.
• By using the brand name in the song, you have not only
violated the copyright of my clients, but you have also
made an attempt to defame the reputation of my clients
and the product manufactured by them, said ZANDU BALM
OFFICIALS
45. Emami Ltd vs Arbaaz
Khan Productions
• The company asked the producer to remove the phrase
"Zandu Balm" or delete the song from the film
altogether. Emami, which acquired Zandu
Pharmaceuticals in 2008 for Rs 700 crore, is a Rs 1,000
crore entity today. • Some inside news on September
19, "The issue is not as serious as it is being made out to
be. They have sent a notice. The company is unlikely to
take the matter to court. In fact, they are considering an
out of court settlement, and then using the song to
promote the product." And Arbaaz Khan said, "Now that
our film is a big success, such things are bound to
happen. Everyone wants a share of the pie."
46. Emami Ltd vs Arbaaz
Khan Productions
• When the song’s promos went on air, Emami
decided to strike a barter deal— allowing the film’s
producers the use of Zandu Balm in return for
rights to the song for its own advertisement.
• Also, Mallaika Arora Khan, had to do an
advertisement for the brand free of cost as the
compensation.