One of the hardest things for people learning English as a third language is still reading and writing. Because they are still not good enough at language features, they often make big mistakes and assumptions that aren't true. To make learning more fun and useful, visual symbols were made for seven different kinds of language traits. It looks at the Vipicoll form a lot. Visual Symbols media, Picture and picture, and the Collaborative approach are all creatively put together in Vipicoll. This research used Reeve's design method. Research develops Vipicoll learning model, employing interviews, literature reviews, and questionnaires for iterative improvement and validation. Researchers identify problems, create Vipicoll, iteratively refine through trials, forming an effective English Language Education model. Study assesses individual English thinking development, emphasizing interpretive framework, relation, function, and unique visual symbols. From this research, it was found that using Vipicoll really helps improve kids' mastery of language features, especially those in a story. This is proven by the fact that after implementation, kids' correct answers when asked directly by their teachers and their written test answers increased greatly even though many direct answers and test answers used to be wrong and they often didn't understand.
1Emerging New Technologies in Early Childhood EducatAnastaciaShadelb
1
Emerging New Technologies in Early Childhood Education
Lua Shanks
EDDD 8113
Doctor of Education
Week 6: Refining the Problem and Purpose Statement Comment by Beryl Watnick: Week 8
Emerging New Technologies in Early Childhood Education
Technological revolutions have transformed early childhood education significantly.These developments have eased the tasks of instructors who had challenges related to delivering high-quality education. Aydin et al. (2017) found in their study that both the curriculum and instructional methods have weaknesses that significantly reduce education quality in early childhood schools. For instance, the authors found that the ratio of teachers to students is lower than required, which implies that there are more students per teacher. Consequently, the teachers cannot comprehensively deliver customized instructions to all students effectively due to time constraints. The authors recommend the use of technology, and employment of more teachers to increase instructional quality by increasing the time taken to teach each student according to their learning and developmental needs. In that regard, Dziuban et al. (2018) discuss raise concerns that there are many challenges in early childhood education (ECE). They include ineffective instructional methods, substandard learning environments, and inappropriate content that do not effectively support children's learning and developmental needs. The authors propose the use of technologies to promote quality education and growth in early childhood education. Comment by Beryl Watnick: Really? Where is there evidence for this statement? Comment by Beryl Watnick: grammar
Samudra et al. (2019) argue that the use of technology has not been used to the required potential to improve learners’ needs in early childhood education settings. For instance, the authors found that technological devices have the potential to increase children's developmental and educational needs. In this regard, the authors recommend the use of technological devices including tablets and computers to teach children. The authors researched and found that audiovisual learning devices increase interactive learning, which is associated with high engagement and high performance. Comment by Beryl Watnick: That is obvious, isn’t it?
Research Problem
The problem is that many early year teachers in the current education sector do not have enough ICT equipment and expertise at their disposal to adequately deliver holistic instruction to early year learners. The quality of instruction is not increasing regardless of the increasing advancements in technology. According to Aydin et al. (2017), changes are continuing to be noticed in classroom populations, and in performance. For instance, the number of immigrants has increased significantly, which implies that there is a crucial need to apply effective and appropriate instructional approaches. Additionally, there has been a disproportional improvement in instructi ...
Using Information Gap Activities in Promoting Speaking Skills for Elementary ...AJSERJournal
In recent years, communicative approach is considered one of the primary methods to develop students’
speaking competence. When applying communicative approach in the classroom, information gap activities are
employed to promote students’ oral skill. These activities have brought many benefits for students in the classroom and
become good stimulations for students to boost their speaking skills. The study took place at Dong Nai Technology
University with the objectives to investigate the students’ perspectives of teachers using the information gap activities
to help students improve their speaking competence. The data were collected via survey questionnaires and semistructured interviews in sequence. Sixty students took part in the survey questionnaire to answer 14 questions on their
perception on speaking skills and information gap activities. Semi-structured interviews were also conducted with 6
volunteer students to explain more deeply about their answers in the survey questionnaires to evaluate the validity of
the findings from the survey and give the answers to see whether these activities can affect students’ speaking skills in
the developed way. The findings from the study shows that information gaps activities are effectively utilized for the
development of students’ speaking skills
The effect of project based learning model with kwl worksheet on student crea...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study that analyzed the effect of project-based learning (PjBL) with KWL worksheets on student creative thinking in physics problem solving. The study involved randomly assigning undergraduate physics students to either an experiment group that used PjBL and KWL worksheets or a control group that used traditional cooperative learning. Assessment results showed that students in the PjBL group had higher creative thinking scores than the control group, indicating PjBL is an effective way to develop student creative thinking and engagement in physics learning. The document also provides background on PjBL principles and benefits, defining it as a student-centered approach that uses authentic projects to help students construct knowledge and demonstrate understanding through hands-on
February 2024 - Top 10 Read Articles in International Journal on Integrating ...IJITE
This journal is an interdisciplinary form for educators who wish to improve the quality of instruction through the use of computers and how to implement it effectively into instruction. This forum also aims to provide a platform for exchanging ideas in new emerging trends that needs more focus and exposure and will attempt to publish proposals that strengthen our goals.
WHAT ARE THE ALTERNATIVE FUNCTIONS AND BENEFITS OF CELL PHONES FOR STUDENTS?IJITE
Taiwanese College students bring their own cell phones in the English classroom and teachers may become overwhelmed with these technology trends. This study aims to provide a realistic perception of the hidden meanings of the use of mobile devices in English class settings and the benefits it can bring to the students. For this purpose, two conventional classes of fourth year license degree in the Department of Travel Management were the respondents. The students’ schooling experiences were clarified with a student
satisfaction questionnaire, their values highlighted with an interview, and their social interactions explained with observations of the two classes. The results of this study show that, even though they were not used to working collaboratively in small team-work groups, Taiwanese students were highly likely to develop a collaborative learning style that utilizes emails and internet connections matching their learning
needs and motivations and optimizing their academic success.
What are the Alternative Functions and Benefits of Cell Phones for Students?IJITE
Taiwanese College students bring their own cell phones in the English classroom and teachers may become
overwhelmed with these technology trends. This study aims to provide a realistic perception of the hidden
meanings of the use of mobile devices in English class settings and the benefits it can bring to the students.
For this purpose, two conventional classes of fourth year license degree in the Department of Travel
Management were the respondents. The students’ schooling experiences were clarified with a student
satisfaction questionnaire, their values highlighted with an interview, and their social interactions
explained with observations of the two classes. The results of this study show that, even though they were
not used to working collaboratively in small team-work groups, Taiwanese students were highly likely to
develop a collaborative learning style that utilizes emails and internet connections matching their learning
needs and motivations and optimizing their academic success.
The effect of using multimedia on english skills acquisitionhusnul_atiyah
This document discusses a study on the contribution of using multimedia on English acquisition among students in schools in Tangerang and Jakarta, Indonesia. The study utilized qualitative methods, including interviews with four English teachers from different school levels.
The interviews found that multimedia tools like laptops, projectors, and speakers helped make English lessons more engaging and interactive for students. However, the teachers noted individual and school factors also influence students' language acquisition beyond just multimedia use.
The document aims to further examine whether multimedia use highly contributes to improving students' English skills, which can be a challenge as English is not the first language in Indonesia. Student test scores will also be analyzed to validate teachers' perspectives on the impact of multimedia
This document presents a research proposal to study a co-design approach involving teachers, students, and researchers to generate inquiry-based learning scenarios for universities. The proposal aims to 1) study and propose an inquiry-based model to inform new learning scenario designs, 2) develop and analyze a co-design strategy involving key stakeholders, and 3) design and analyze scenarios promoting mature, autonomous ICT use by students. The research would apply a design-based methodology to explain the co-design process and support changes to teaching practices.
1Emerging New Technologies in Early Childhood EducatAnastaciaShadelb
1
Emerging New Technologies in Early Childhood Education
Lua Shanks
EDDD 8113
Doctor of Education
Week 6: Refining the Problem and Purpose Statement Comment by Beryl Watnick: Week 8
Emerging New Technologies in Early Childhood Education
Technological revolutions have transformed early childhood education significantly.These developments have eased the tasks of instructors who had challenges related to delivering high-quality education. Aydin et al. (2017) found in their study that both the curriculum and instructional methods have weaknesses that significantly reduce education quality in early childhood schools. For instance, the authors found that the ratio of teachers to students is lower than required, which implies that there are more students per teacher. Consequently, the teachers cannot comprehensively deliver customized instructions to all students effectively due to time constraints. The authors recommend the use of technology, and employment of more teachers to increase instructional quality by increasing the time taken to teach each student according to their learning and developmental needs. In that regard, Dziuban et al. (2018) discuss raise concerns that there are many challenges in early childhood education (ECE). They include ineffective instructional methods, substandard learning environments, and inappropriate content that do not effectively support children's learning and developmental needs. The authors propose the use of technologies to promote quality education and growth in early childhood education. Comment by Beryl Watnick: Really? Where is there evidence for this statement? Comment by Beryl Watnick: grammar
Samudra et al. (2019) argue that the use of technology has not been used to the required potential to improve learners’ needs in early childhood education settings. For instance, the authors found that technological devices have the potential to increase children's developmental and educational needs. In this regard, the authors recommend the use of technological devices including tablets and computers to teach children. The authors researched and found that audiovisual learning devices increase interactive learning, which is associated with high engagement and high performance. Comment by Beryl Watnick: That is obvious, isn’t it?
Research Problem
The problem is that many early year teachers in the current education sector do not have enough ICT equipment and expertise at their disposal to adequately deliver holistic instruction to early year learners. The quality of instruction is not increasing regardless of the increasing advancements in technology. According to Aydin et al. (2017), changes are continuing to be noticed in classroom populations, and in performance. For instance, the number of immigrants has increased significantly, which implies that there is a crucial need to apply effective and appropriate instructional approaches. Additionally, there has been a disproportional improvement in instructi ...
Using Information Gap Activities in Promoting Speaking Skills for Elementary ...AJSERJournal
In recent years, communicative approach is considered one of the primary methods to develop students’
speaking competence. When applying communicative approach in the classroom, information gap activities are
employed to promote students’ oral skill. These activities have brought many benefits for students in the classroom and
become good stimulations for students to boost their speaking skills. The study took place at Dong Nai Technology
University with the objectives to investigate the students’ perspectives of teachers using the information gap activities
to help students improve their speaking competence. The data were collected via survey questionnaires and semistructured interviews in sequence. Sixty students took part in the survey questionnaire to answer 14 questions on their
perception on speaking skills and information gap activities. Semi-structured interviews were also conducted with 6
volunteer students to explain more deeply about their answers in the survey questionnaires to evaluate the validity of
the findings from the survey and give the answers to see whether these activities can affect students’ speaking skills in
the developed way. The findings from the study shows that information gaps activities are effectively utilized for the
development of students’ speaking skills
The effect of project based learning model with kwl worksheet on student crea...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study that analyzed the effect of project-based learning (PjBL) with KWL worksheets on student creative thinking in physics problem solving. The study involved randomly assigning undergraduate physics students to either an experiment group that used PjBL and KWL worksheets or a control group that used traditional cooperative learning. Assessment results showed that students in the PjBL group had higher creative thinking scores than the control group, indicating PjBL is an effective way to develop student creative thinking and engagement in physics learning. The document also provides background on PjBL principles and benefits, defining it as a student-centered approach that uses authentic projects to help students construct knowledge and demonstrate understanding through hands-on
February 2024 - Top 10 Read Articles in International Journal on Integrating ...IJITE
This journal is an interdisciplinary form for educators who wish to improve the quality of instruction through the use of computers and how to implement it effectively into instruction. This forum also aims to provide a platform for exchanging ideas in new emerging trends that needs more focus and exposure and will attempt to publish proposals that strengthen our goals.
WHAT ARE THE ALTERNATIVE FUNCTIONS AND BENEFITS OF CELL PHONES FOR STUDENTS?IJITE
Taiwanese College students bring their own cell phones in the English classroom and teachers may become overwhelmed with these technology trends. This study aims to provide a realistic perception of the hidden meanings of the use of mobile devices in English class settings and the benefits it can bring to the students. For this purpose, two conventional classes of fourth year license degree in the Department of Travel Management were the respondents. The students’ schooling experiences were clarified with a student
satisfaction questionnaire, their values highlighted with an interview, and their social interactions explained with observations of the two classes. The results of this study show that, even though they were not used to working collaboratively in small team-work groups, Taiwanese students were highly likely to develop a collaborative learning style that utilizes emails and internet connections matching their learning
needs and motivations and optimizing their academic success.
What are the Alternative Functions and Benefits of Cell Phones for Students?IJITE
Taiwanese College students bring their own cell phones in the English classroom and teachers may become
overwhelmed with these technology trends. This study aims to provide a realistic perception of the hidden
meanings of the use of mobile devices in English class settings and the benefits it can bring to the students.
For this purpose, two conventional classes of fourth year license degree in the Department of Travel
Management were the respondents. The students’ schooling experiences were clarified with a student
satisfaction questionnaire, their values highlighted with an interview, and their social interactions
explained with observations of the two classes. The results of this study show that, even though they were
not used to working collaboratively in small team-work groups, Taiwanese students were highly likely to
develop a collaborative learning style that utilizes emails and internet connections matching their learning
needs and motivations and optimizing their academic success.
The effect of using multimedia on english skills acquisitionhusnul_atiyah
This document discusses a study on the contribution of using multimedia on English acquisition among students in schools in Tangerang and Jakarta, Indonesia. The study utilized qualitative methods, including interviews with four English teachers from different school levels.
The interviews found that multimedia tools like laptops, projectors, and speakers helped make English lessons more engaging and interactive for students. However, the teachers noted individual and school factors also influence students' language acquisition beyond just multimedia use.
The document aims to further examine whether multimedia use highly contributes to improving students' English skills, which can be a challenge as English is not the first language in Indonesia. Student test scores will also be analyzed to validate teachers' perspectives on the impact of multimedia
This document presents a research proposal to study a co-design approach involving teachers, students, and researchers to generate inquiry-based learning scenarios for universities. The proposal aims to 1) study and propose an inquiry-based model to inform new learning scenario designs, 2) develop and analyze a co-design strategy involving key stakeholders, and 3) design and analyze scenarios promoting mature, autonomous ICT use by students. The research would apply a design-based methodology to explain the co-design process and support changes to teaching practices.
The Effectiveness of Group Work Role Play on EFL Students’ Accuracy in Speaki...AJSERJournal
The document discusses a study on the effectiveness of group work role-play activities in improving English speaking accuracy for students at Dong Nai Technology University in Vietnam. The study was conducted over 8 weeks with 15 students. Data was collected through classroom observation, student diaries, and group interviews. The results showed that students were highly engaged and motivated during the role-play activities. However, while role-play helped improve students' fluency, it did not significantly increase their speaking accuracy. Overall, the study found that role-play can be an effective teaching method to increase student engagement, but may have limitations in developing speaking accuracy.
Learning Media Development of Writing Procedure Texts for Junior High SchoolS...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT : This research aims to determine the development steps, feasibility and effectivenessof learning
media for writing procedural texts for junior high school students. This research uses the Research and
Development (R&D) type of research which refers to the ADDIEmodel. The data collection instruments
for this research used questionnaires and test sheets.From the media experts' assessment results, an average
of 96.6% was obtained in the verygood category, material experts' results were obtained on average 80% in
the Good category,and language experts obtained an average of 94% in the Very Good category. This means that
it can be linked as a learning media based on the Pixellab application and is suitable for use inlearning. Judging
from the results of the trial in the small group, namely 10 students at thepre-test stage obtained a score of
588 and post-test 802 with a score of 0.51 in the quitedecent category, while in the large group, namely 27
students at the pre-test stage obtained ascore of 1,561 and pretest 2,220 with a score of 0.57 in the quite decent
category. So based onthe results of this comparison, the learning media based on the Pixellab application
forlessons on writing procedural texts is quite suitable for use as learning media in SMP.
KEYWORDS: Writing Procedure Texts, Pixellab Application, Learning Media.
Secondary students’ perspectives on the use of the interactive whiteboard for...Alexander Decker
1) The document discusses a study that aimed to gain insights into secondary students' perspectives on using interactive whiteboards for teaching and learning science in Malaysia.
2) Interviews with students from three schools found that the interactive whiteboards can motivate students and engage them in the learning process by promoting classroom interactions.
3) The effective use of interactive whiteboards leads to increased interactions between students and with the material, whereas simply installing the technology is not enough without proper use.
This document describes a formative design experiment that tested different models of professional development to improve teachers' ability to teach online reading comprehension. The study involved 17 middle school teachers who received training in Internet Reciprocal Teaching (IRT) through one of three coaching models: peer coaching, literacy coaching, or online coaching. Analysis of teacher surveys and interviews found that while students gained skills in searching strategies, they struggled with critical evaluation and synthesis. Teachers also wanted more training in assessing student progress. Feedback indicated the online coaching model provided the most structured support, while peer coaching lacked direction and workload distribution was uneven. Overall, the study aimed to identify effective practices for professional development focused on online reading comprehension instruction.
This document describes a study that designed a blueprint for a web-based English writing course for nursing students in Indonesia. The researchers conducted a needs analysis and then designed the blueprint based on that analysis. The blueprint includes the learning approach, performance goals, learning tasks and feedback, instructional strategies, and web design. Experts in English for Specific Purposes and writing evaluated 37 items in the blueprint and found that all items met the "Good" quality standard, indicating the blueprint is suitable for the next stage of website development.
Influence of concept maps on achievement retention of senior secondary schoo...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study that investigated the effects of concept maps and lecture teaching methods on achievement and retention of organic chemistry concepts among senior secondary school students in Nigeria. Specifically, it examined: 1) The influence of each teaching method on achievement and retention scores, 2) The influence of gender on scores with each method, and 3) The interaction between teaching method and gender on scores. A quasi-experimental design was used with pre- and post-tests to compare scores of students taught with concept maps versus lecture. The study found that concept maps led to higher achievement and retention than lecture alone. Gender differences in scores were also found to depend on the teaching method used.
Webb, lorraine c bringing science to life school v7 n1 2016William Kritsonis
William Allan Kritsonis, Editor-in-Chief, NATIONAL FORUM JOURNALS (Founded 1982). Dr. William Allan Kritsonis, Distinguished Alumnus, Central Washington University, College of Education and Professional Studies, Ellensburg, Washington; Invited Guest Lecturer, Oxford Round Table, University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Hall of Honor, Prairie View A&M University/Member of the Texas A&M University System. Professor of Educational Leadership, The University of Texas of the Permian Basin.
This document summarizes an action research project that investigated the effects of using virtual manipulatives to teach fractions to 2nd grade English Language Learners. The researcher administered pre- and post-tests to students who used virtual manipulatives for 20 minutes per day over 3 weeks. Student engagement and enjoyment were also observed qualitatively. The literature review discusses prior research supporting the use of both concrete and virtual manipulatives for math instruction, particularly for ELL students. The methodology describes the sample, data collection through tests and surveys, and analysis plan to evaluate the impact of virtual manipulatives on student achievement and engagement with fractions.
This document summarizes a study on teaching writing to 8th grade students using picture-based methods. It found that:
1) Students taught writing using pictures as a medium showed greater improvement in their writing abilities compared to students taught without pictures, with their average scores increasing over 10 points versus 6 points for the control group.
2) A t-test analysis found a statistically significant difference between the experimental and control groups, indicating that using pictures was an effective way to teach writing.
3) By looking at pictures, students were better able to arrange words and sentences for writing assignments compared to relying solely on textbooks.
The main objective of this study is to explore how podcasting can be implemented in teaching English as a Second Language as a supportive technological tool and thus contribute to the development of positive attitudes and beliefs of the learners. To this aim, the field experiment research was conducted. The study was carried out in a total of 28 pupils of the first grade of high school at an educational institution on Rhodes, Greece in February 2018. The students were assigned into the experimental group (15 students) and the control group (13 students). The results of the research have shown a positive change in students’ attitudes and beliefs, though no statistically significant difference has arisen regarding the students’ interest in the course, their self-confidence in English, the role of gender in learning English and the difficulties students come across when studying English. Similarly, no significant change has occurred regarding the usefulness of English, the importance of the English accent and the knowledge of another foreign language as a contributing factor to learning English more easily. Finally, a negative change was found regarding difficulties in oral communication in English.
This document provides a literature review on the use of technology in foreign language learning. It discusses four main topics: 1) Socialization through technology can promote interaction but lack of interaction can be negative, 2) Technology helps with pronunciation, listening comprehension, and ear training by allowing repetition, 3) Learners need knowledge of how to use technology for language learning to avoid issues, 4) Emerging technologies like mobile devices and blended learning integrate well when teachers provide training. The review finds that technology supports language learning when used appropriately and combined with social interaction.
Article review-Creativity in Digital Art Education Teaching Practicesfatinismail89
This article summarizes a longitudinal study conducted from 2006-2009 that examined how teacher training programs can effectively teach digital art skills. The study involved workshops for 6 teachers and their approximately 500 students across 3 schools. Over the 3 years, the workshops used different themes ("DigiClosets", "Capturing Capricious Communities", "Memories in Motion") to evaluate the teachers' digital skills development and ability to interpret projects flexibly. The study found that teachers' skills and ability to foster students' creativity improved after participating in the multi-year training program with changing themes.
A Content Analysis Of Virtual Reality Studies In Foreign Language EducationJim Webb
This document analyzes 40 research papers on the use of virtual reality in foreign language education published between 1995-2015. The analysis found that document analysis was the most common data collection tool (45%), half of the studies were qualitative in design, and undergraduate students were the primary sample population. The most frequent topics studied were the effectiveness of virtual reality (35%) and game-based language learning (17.5%). The analysis concludes that qualitative research is more common than quantitative in this field and calls for more experimental studies.
This document discusses the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on English as a foreign language (EFL) education, specifically at Saudi universities. It explores how familiarizing EFL instructors and students with AI technology can play an important role, and how implementing AI in English language teaching can be significant. The results of the study showed that AI has a positive impact on EFL learning when integrated properly into educational settings, as it can enhance learning outcomes for both teachers and students by improving access to resources and experiences.
This document provides an overview of a dissertation defense that studied an initiative at Queensborough Community College called Students Working in Interdisciplinary Groups (SWIG). The initiative partnered English, basic education skills, and content courses from various disciplines. Students shared work electronically and provided feedback across courses. The study explored the experiences of four faculty members involved in SWIG through interviews and documents. The dissertation aimed to understand how the initiative supported student learning from the faculty perspective within the institutional context.
The document summarizes a research paper that investigates the effect of picture media on the writing ability of grade 8 students. It includes an introduction outlining the problem, literature review on previous related studies, and methodology describing the research design, participants, and instruments. The study employed a qualitative design and analyzed 15 students' writing samples in response to three sets of picture prompts using a rubric to determine their level of grammar accuracy and paragraph organization. The findings revealed that picture media improved students' writing abilities in these areas from the first to third task.
Dr. M.THIRUNAVUKKARASU
Research Associate
Department of Education
Bharathidasan University,
Tiruchirappalli - 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
E-mail: edutechthiru@gmail.com
Dr. S. SENTHILNATHAN
Director (FAC),
UGC - Human Resource Development Centre
(HRDC)
Bharathidasan University
Khajamalai Campus
Tiruchirappalli - 620 023
E-mail: edutechsenthil@gmail.com
The document summarizes research on the evolving roles of information and communication technologies (ICT) in education and their impact on students' learning experiences. It discusses frameworks that classify ICT's roles as tools, tutors, and tutees. Research also shows ICT supporting deeper learning through "mindtools" and promoting motivation, engagement, access to information and resources, collaboration, and critical thinking skills. Studies find technology-rich classrooms correlate with improved critical thinking. Overall, ICT is increasingly emphasized in curricula and has significantly changed students' educative experiences in various ways.
An improvised white board compass was designed and developed to enhance the teaching of geometrical construction concepts in basic technology courses. The compass allows teachers to visually demonstrate geometric concepts and constructions on a white board in an engaging, hands-on manner. It supports constructivist learning principles by enabling students to observe and emulate the teacher. The design process utilized design and development research methodology to test educational theories and validate the practical application of the compass. The improvised compass was found to effectively engage students and improve their performance in learning geometric constructions.
THE SACRIFICE HOW PRO-PALESTINE PROTESTS STUDENTS ARE SACRIFICING TO CHANGE T...indexPub
The recent surge in pro-Palestine student activism has prompted significant responses from universities, ranging from negotiations and divestment commitments to increased transparency about investments in companies supporting the war on Gaza. This activism has led to the cessation of student encampments but also highlighted the substantial sacrifices made by students, including academic disruptions and personal risks. The primary drivers of these protests are poor university administration, lack of transparency, and inadequate communication between officials and students. This study examines the profound emotional, psychological, and professional impacts on students engaged in pro-Palestine protests, focusing on Generation Z's (Gen-Z) activism dynamics. This paper explores the significant sacrifices made by these students and even the professors supporting the pro-Palestine movement, with a focus on recent global movements. Through an in-depth analysis of printed and electronic media, the study examines the impacts of these sacrifices on the academic and personal lives of those involved. The paper highlights examples from various universities, demonstrating student activism's long-term and short-term effects, including disciplinary actions, social backlash, and career implications. The researchers also explore the broader implications of student sacrifices. The findings reveal that these sacrifices are driven by a profound commitment to justice and human rights, and are influenced by the increasing availability of information, peer interactions, and personal convictions. The study also discusses the broader implications of this activism, comparing it to historical precedents and assessing its potential to influence policy and public opinion. The emotional and psychological toll on student activists is significant, but their sense of purpose and community support mitigates some of these challenges. However, the researchers call for acknowledging the broader Impact of these sacrifices on the future global movement of FreePalestine.
CHALLENGING INJUSTICE STRETCHING THE ‘ACADEMIC BOYCOTT’ AFTER WAR ON GAZA 2023indexPub
The academic boycott of Israeli universities is a pivotal and contentious aspect of the broader Boycott, Divestment, Sanctions (BDS) movement, which seeks to apply pressure on Israel to change its policies and actions regarding the occupation of Palestinian territories and the treatment of Palestinians. This paper explores the academic boycott’s origins, implementation, and impact, focusing on the role of Israeli universities in supporting military and state policies deemed oppressive and discriminatory against Palestinians. The history and rationale behind the academic boycott are examined, tracing its roots back to the early 2000s and highlighting key moments and subsequent international endorsements. The literature review explores the complicity of Israeli academic institutions in occupying state policies and the significant actions by global academic bodies and universities severing ties with Israeli institutions. The methodology involves a comprehensive analysis of elite university websites, boycott-related sites, mainstream news, and social media channels to assess the boycott's impact and the ongoing debate surrounding it. The discussion addresses the challenges faced by academics supporting the boycott, such as career repercussions and political backlash, and critiques the perceived double standards of boycott opponents. The conclusion focuses on Arab academics' in the East and not only in the West to get closely involved and engaged in the academic boycott movement, emphasizing their role in both raising awareness and advocating this boycott in a time when their governments are normalising relations with the Israeli apartheid regime. The authors also call for continued advocacy, education, and solidarity among academics worldwide to sustain the momentum of the academic boycott and achieve the goals of promoting Palestinian rights and ending Israeli occupation and apartheid practices.
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The document discusses a study on the effectiveness of group work role-play activities in improving English speaking accuracy for students at Dong Nai Technology University in Vietnam. The study was conducted over 8 weeks with 15 students. Data was collected through classroom observation, student diaries, and group interviews. The results showed that students were highly engaged and motivated during the role-play activities. However, while role-play helped improve students' fluency, it did not significantly increase their speaking accuracy. Overall, the study found that role-play can be an effective teaching method to increase student engagement, but may have limitations in developing speaking accuracy.
Learning Media Development of Writing Procedure Texts for Junior High SchoolS...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT : This research aims to determine the development steps, feasibility and effectivenessof learning
media for writing procedural texts for junior high school students. This research uses the Research and
Development (R&D) type of research which refers to the ADDIEmodel. The data collection instruments
for this research used questionnaires and test sheets.From the media experts' assessment results, an average
of 96.6% was obtained in the verygood category, material experts' results were obtained on average 80% in
the Good category,and language experts obtained an average of 94% in the Very Good category. This means that
it can be linked as a learning media based on the Pixellab application and is suitable for use inlearning. Judging
from the results of the trial in the small group, namely 10 students at thepre-test stage obtained a score of
588 and post-test 802 with a score of 0.51 in the quitedecent category, while in the large group, namely 27
students at the pre-test stage obtained ascore of 1,561 and pretest 2,220 with a score of 0.57 in the quite decent
category. So based onthe results of this comparison, the learning media based on the Pixellab application
forlessons on writing procedural texts is quite suitable for use as learning media in SMP.
KEYWORDS: Writing Procedure Texts, Pixellab Application, Learning Media.
Secondary students’ perspectives on the use of the interactive whiteboard for...Alexander Decker
1) The document discusses a study that aimed to gain insights into secondary students' perspectives on using interactive whiteboards for teaching and learning science in Malaysia.
2) Interviews with students from three schools found that the interactive whiteboards can motivate students and engage them in the learning process by promoting classroom interactions.
3) The effective use of interactive whiteboards leads to increased interactions between students and with the material, whereas simply installing the technology is not enough without proper use.
This document describes a formative design experiment that tested different models of professional development to improve teachers' ability to teach online reading comprehension. The study involved 17 middle school teachers who received training in Internet Reciprocal Teaching (IRT) through one of three coaching models: peer coaching, literacy coaching, or online coaching. Analysis of teacher surveys and interviews found that while students gained skills in searching strategies, they struggled with critical evaluation and synthesis. Teachers also wanted more training in assessing student progress. Feedback indicated the online coaching model provided the most structured support, while peer coaching lacked direction and workload distribution was uneven. Overall, the study aimed to identify effective practices for professional development focused on online reading comprehension instruction.
This document describes a study that designed a blueprint for a web-based English writing course for nursing students in Indonesia. The researchers conducted a needs analysis and then designed the blueprint based on that analysis. The blueprint includes the learning approach, performance goals, learning tasks and feedback, instructional strategies, and web design. Experts in English for Specific Purposes and writing evaluated 37 items in the blueprint and found that all items met the "Good" quality standard, indicating the blueprint is suitable for the next stage of website development.
Influence of concept maps on achievement retention of senior secondary schoo...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study that investigated the effects of concept maps and lecture teaching methods on achievement and retention of organic chemistry concepts among senior secondary school students in Nigeria. Specifically, it examined: 1) The influence of each teaching method on achievement and retention scores, 2) The influence of gender on scores with each method, and 3) The interaction between teaching method and gender on scores. A quasi-experimental design was used with pre- and post-tests to compare scores of students taught with concept maps versus lecture. The study found that concept maps led to higher achievement and retention than lecture alone. Gender differences in scores were also found to depend on the teaching method used.
Webb, lorraine c bringing science to life school v7 n1 2016William Kritsonis
William Allan Kritsonis, Editor-in-Chief, NATIONAL FORUM JOURNALS (Founded 1982). Dr. William Allan Kritsonis, Distinguished Alumnus, Central Washington University, College of Education and Professional Studies, Ellensburg, Washington; Invited Guest Lecturer, Oxford Round Table, University of Oxford, United Kingdom; Hall of Honor, Prairie View A&M University/Member of the Texas A&M University System. Professor of Educational Leadership, The University of Texas of the Permian Basin.
This document summarizes an action research project that investigated the effects of using virtual manipulatives to teach fractions to 2nd grade English Language Learners. The researcher administered pre- and post-tests to students who used virtual manipulatives for 20 minutes per day over 3 weeks. Student engagement and enjoyment were also observed qualitatively. The literature review discusses prior research supporting the use of both concrete and virtual manipulatives for math instruction, particularly for ELL students. The methodology describes the sample, data collection through tests and surveys, and analysis plan to evaluate the impact of virtual manipulatives on student achievement and engagement with fractions.
This document summarizes a study on teaching writing to 8th grade students using picture-based methods. It found that:
1) Students taught writing using pictures as a medium showed greater improvement in their writing abilities compared to students taught without pictures, with their average scores increasing over 10 points versus 6 points for the control group.
2) A t-test analysis found a statistically significant difference between the experimental and control groups, indicating that using pictures was an effective way to teach writing.
3) By looking at pictures, students were better able to arrange words and sentences for writing assignments compared to relying solely on textbooks.
The main objective of this study is to explore how podcasting can be implemented in teaching English as a Second Language as a supportive technological tool and thus contribute to the development of positive attitudes and beliefs of the learners. To this aim, the field experiment research was conducted. The study was carried out in a total of 28 pupils of the first grade of high school at an educational institution on Rhodes, Greece in February 2018. The students were assigned into the experimental group (15 students) and the control group (13 students). The results of the research have shown a positive change in students’ attitudes and beliefs, though no statistically significant difference has arisen regarding the students’ interest in the course, their self-confidence in English, the role of gender in learning English and the difficulties students come across when studying English. Similarly, no significant change has occurred regarding the usefulness of English, the importance of the English accent and the knowledge of another foreign language as a contributing factor to learning English more easily. Finally, a negative change was found regarding difficulties in oral communication in English.
This document provides a literature review on the use of technology in foreign language learning. It discusses four main topics: 1) Socialization through technology can promote interaction but lack of interaction can be negative, 2) Technology helps with pronunciation, listening comprehension, and ear training by allowing repetition, 3) Learners need knowledge of how to use technology for language learning to avoid issues, 4) Emerging technologies like mobile devices and blended learning integrate well when teachers provide training. The review finds that technology supports language learning when used appropriately and combined with social interaction.
Article review-Creativity in Digital Art Education Teaching Practicesfatinismail89
This article summarizes a longitudinal study conducted from 2006-2009 that examined how teacher training programs can effectively teach digital art skills. The study involved workshops for 6 teachers and their approximately 500 students across 3 schools. Over the 3 years, the workshops used different themes ("DigiClosets", "Capturing Capricious Communities", "Memories in Motion") to evaluate the teachers' digital skills development and ability to interpret projects flexibly. The study found that teachers' skills and ability to foster students' creativity improved after participating in the multi-year training program with changing themes.
A Content Analysis Of Virtual Reality Studies In Foreign Language EducationJim Webb
This document analyzes 40 research papers on the use of virtual reality in foreign language education published between 1995-2015. The analysis found that document analysis was the most common data collection tool (45%), half of the studies were qualitative in design, and undergraduate students were the primary sample population. The most frequent topics studied were the effectiveness of virtual reality (35%) and game-based language learning (17.5%). The analysis concludes that qualitative research is more common than quantitative in this field and calls for more experimental studies.
This document discusses the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on English as a foreign language (EFL) education, specifically at Saudi universities. It explores how familiarizing EFL instructors and students with AI technology can play an important role, and how implementing AI in English language teaching can be significant. The results of the study showed that AI has a positive impact on EFL learning when integrated properly into educational settings, as it can enhance learning outcomes for both teachers and students by improving access to resources and experiences.
This document provides an overview of a dissertation defense that studied an initiative at Queensborough Community College called Students Working in Interdisciplinary Groups (SWIG). The initiative partnered English, basic education skills, and content courses from various disciplines. Students shared work electronically and provided feedback across courses. The study explored the experiences of four faculty members involved in SWIG through interviews and documents. The dissertation aimed to understand how the initiative supported student learning from the faculty perspective within the institutional context.
The document summarizes a research paper that investigates the effect of picture media on the writing ability of grade 8 students. It includes an introduction outlining the problem, literature review on previous related studies, and methodology describing the research design, participants, and instruments. The study employed a qualitative design and analyzed 15 students' writing samples in response to three sets of picture prompts using a rubric to determine their level of grammar accuracy and paragraph organization. The findings revealed that picture media improved students' writing abilities in these areas from the first to third task.
Dr. M.THIRUNAVUKKARASU
Research Associate
Department of Education
Bharathidasan University,
Tiruchirappalli - 620 024, Tamil Nadu, India
E-mail: edutechthiru@gmail.com
Dr. S. SENTHILNATHAN
Director (FAC),
UGC - Human Resource Development Centre
(HRDC)
Bharathidasan University
Khajamalai Campus
Tiruchirappalli - 620 023
E-mail: edutechsenthil@gmail.com
The document summarizes research on the evolving roles of information and communication technologies (ICT) in education and their impact on students' learning experiences. It discusses frameworks that classify ICT's roles as tools, tutors, and tutees. Research also shows ICT supporting deeper learning through "mindtools" and promoting motivation, engagement, access to information and resources, collaboration, and critical thinking skills. Studies find technology-rich classrooms correlate with improved critical thinking. Overall, ICT is increasingly emphasized in curricula and has significantly changed students' educative experiences in various ways.
An improvised white board compass was designed and developed to enhance the teaching of geometrical construction concepts in basic technology courses. The compass allows teachers to visually demonstrate geometric concepts and constructions on a white board in an engaging, hands-on manner. It supports constructivist learning principles by enabling students to observe and emulate the teacher. The design process utilized design and development research methodology to test educational theories and validate the practical application of the compass. The improvised compass was found to effectively engage students and improve their performance in learning geometric constructions.
Semelhante a INNOVATIVE DESIGN FOR KIDS MASTERY IMPROVEMENT OF LANGUAGE FEATURES IN A STORY (20)
THE SACRIFICE HOW PRO-PALESTINE PROTESTS STUDENTS ARE SACRIFICING TO CHANGE T...indexPub
The recent surge in pro-Palestine student activism has prompted significant responses from universities, ranging from negotiations and divestment commitments to increased transparency about investments in companies supporting the war on Gaza. This activism has led to the cessation of student encampments but also highlighted the substantial sacrifices made by students, including academic disruptions and personal risks. The primary drivers of these protests are poor university administration, lack of transparency, and inadequate communication between officials and students. This study examines the profound emotional, psychological, and professional impacts on students engaged in pro-Palestine protests, focusing on Generation Z's (Gen-Z) activism dynamics. This paper explores the significant sacrifices made by these students and even the professors supporting the pro-Palestine movement, with a focus on recent global movements. Through an in-depth analysis of printed and electronic media, the study examines the impacts of these sacrifices on the academic and personal lives of those involved. The paper highlights examples from various universities, demonstrating student activism's long-term and short-term effects, including disciplinary actions, social backlash, and career implications. The researchers also explore the broader implications of student sacrifices. The findings reveal that these sacrifices are driven by a profound commitment to justice and human rights, and are influenced by the increasing availability of information, peer interactions, and personal convictions. The study also discusses the broader implications of this activism, comparing it to historical precedents and assessing its potential to influence policy and public opinion. The emotional and psychological toll on student activists is significant, but their sense of purpose and community support mitigates some of these challenges. However, the researchers call for acknowledging the broader Impact of these sacrifices on the future global movement of FreePalestine.
CHALLENGING INJUSTICE STRETCHING THE ‘ACADEMIC BOYCOTT’ AFTER WAR ON GAZA 2023indexPub
The academic boycott of Israeli universities is a pivotal and contentious aspect of the broader Boycott, Divestment, Sanctions (BDS) movement, which seeks to apply pressure on Israel to change its policies and actions regarding the occupation of Palestinian territories and the treatment of Palestinians. This paper explores the academic boycott’s origins, implementation, and impact, focusing on the role of Israeli universities in supporting military and state policies deemed oppressive and discriminatory against Palestinians. The history and rationale behind the academic boycott are examined, tracing its roots back to the early 2000s and highlighting key moments and subsequent international endorsements. The literature review explores the complicity of Israeli academic institutions in occupying state policies and the significant actions by global academic bodies and universities severing ties with Israeli institutions. The methodology involves a comprehensive analysis of elite university websites, boycott-related sites, mainstream news, and social media channels to assess the boycott's impact and the ongoing debate surrounding it. The discussion addresses the challenges faced by academics supporting the boycott, such as career repercussions and political backlash, and critiques the perceived double standards of boycott opponents. The conclusion focuses on Arab academics' in the East and not only in the West to get closely involved and engaged in the academic boycott movement, emphasizing their role in both raising awareness and advocating this boycott in a time when their governments are normalising relations with the Israeli apartheid regime. The authors also call for continued advocacy, education, and solidarity among academics worldwide to sustain the momentum of the academic boycott and achieve the goals of promoting Palestinian rights and ending Israeli occupation and apartheid practices.
CHALLENGING INJUSTICE STRETCHING THE ‘ACADEMIC BOYCOTT’ AFTER WAR ON GAZA 2023indexPub
The academic boycott of Israeli universities is a pivotal and contentious aspect of the broader Boycott, Divestment, Sanctions (BDS) movement, which seeks to apply pressure on Israel to change its policies and actions regarding the occupation of Palestinian territories and the treatment of Palestinians. This paper explores the academic boycott’s origins, implementation, and impact, focusing on the role of Israeli universities in supporting military and state policies deemed oppressive and discriminatory against Palestinians. The history and rationale behind the academic boycott are examined, tracing its roots back to the early 2000s and highlighting key moments and subsequent international endorsements. The literature review explores the complicity of Israeli academic institutions in occupying state policies and the significant actions by global academic bodies and universities severing ties with Israeli institutions. The methodology involves a comprehensive analysis of elite university websites, boycott-related sites, mainstream news, and social media channels to assess the boycott's impact and the ongoing debate surrounding it. The discussion addresses the challenges faced by academics supporting the boycott, such as career repercussions and political backlash, and critiques the perceived double standards of boycott opponents. The conclusion focuses on Arab academics' in the East and not only in the West to get closely involved and engaged in the academic boycott movement, emphasizing their role in both raising awareness and advocating this boycott in a time when their governments are normalising relations with the Israeli apartheid regime. The authors also call for continued advocacy, education, and solidarity among academics worldwide to sustain the momentum of the academic boycott and achieve the goals of promoting Palestinian rights and ending Israeli occupation and apartheid practices.
MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF BURHIGANG AND SADHARU RIVER BASIN WITH THE APPLICATI...indexPub
The morphometric analysis of drainage basins and channel networks is crucial for understanding the geo-hydrological nature of the area, reflecting the prevailing climate, geology, geomorphology, and structural antecedents of the catchment area (Rao et al., 2009). Geographical Information System (GIS) offers an effective tool for image processing, identification of morphological features, and analyzing basin properties. This study aims to evaluate morphometric parameters such as stream order (Nu), stream length (Lu), bifurcation ratio (Rb), drainage density (Dd), stream frequency (Fs), etc., of the Burhigang and Sadharu basins, two adjoining basins situated in the newly created Biswanath district of Assam, including a small part in Arunachal Pradesh. The basins are located between 26°57'17.10" N and 26°38'10.75" N latitudes and 93°06'32.85" E and 93°16'42.25" E longitudes.The GIS-based morphometric analyses reveal that both Burhigang and Sadharu are 4th order basins covering 160.68 km² and 74.91 km² area, respectively. Utilizing SRTM data rectified with topographic data of 1:50000 scales obtained from the Survey of India toposheet, this paper presents an analysis of morphometric parameters using digital analysis and standard formulae suggested by Horton (1932, 1945), Miller (1953), Schumm (1956), and Strahler (1964).
FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN INDIA-WITH REFERENCE TO TRAD...indexPub
Purpose: Inconclusive results from a slew of earlier empirical research on the link between foreign direct investment (FDI) and economic development inspired the present inquiry. The paper acknowledges that past research has relied most heavily on the shaky premise that a correlation between FDI inflows and economic development can be drawn without treating the inflows separately according to sectors. Design/Methodology/Approach: The purpose of the study is based on Trading Sector (Top 10 Sectors) in India and the data is secondary data collected from the DPIIT website for the period 2022-2023. We are Using stalactitical tools like ADF Stationarity, VECM, VAR, MIDAS Originality/Value: Utilizing a period shifting boundary model with a vector autoregressive particular, this study explores the expected effect of FDI on the extension of explicit businesses in India, a nonindustrial country. The study's findings are supported by da number of econometric tests, including the Johansen's cointegration test, the vector blunder rectification model, the Granger causality test, the fluctuation disintegration examination, and the drive reaction investigation. Findings: Growth and investment from outside the country, both now and in the future. According to the report, in order to attract and absorb more FDI and maintain sustained economic development, economic policymakers in India should revitalize the primary sector. Furthermore, the agricultural sector may be more dependent on the government's economic growth policies than the more volatile Trading sector.
CONSISTENCY IN THE CREDIT RATING METHODOLOGY – A STUDY OF INDIAN CREDIT RATIN...indexPub
Purpose: The effective allocation of money in the financial sector is greatly aided by credit rating agencies (CRAs). A number of scholars, however, definitely stand out to the way that CRAs contain flaws that contributed to disastrous outcomes like the financial crisis of 2008. One of the main causes of the problems affecting the credit rating business is the rivalry among credit reporting agencies (CRAs), which is the main topic of this article. This article examines how competition affects a company's credit rating using quantitative and regression methods. Design/Methodology/Approach: In this study, we use dual ratings to see whether rating inflation and shopping are effects of industry competitiveness. Findings from the study indicate that CRAs artificially boost a company's credit rating in order to stay competitive. Competition among credit reporting agencies (CRAs) for new customers fuels rating shopping in the credit rating sector as well. In this analysis, we look at the scores given by CRISIL, CARE, ICRA, and INDIA RATINGS India, the four main credit rating agencies recognised by SEBI. Originality/Value: We use descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, and various appropriate ratios with companies to determine their credibility. Data from different sources shows that CRISIL primarily considers business risk, financial risk, management risk, and project risk when evaluating issuers and instruments. We also found that Crisil had lower default rates and the BBB rating grade had the highest stability. Findings: Regulatory agencies and financial institutions should pay close attention to the consequences of the paper's conclusions. Previous attempts by authorities to fix the credit rating industry's problems have included opening up the market to additional competitors. In 2006, the Credit Rating Agency Reform Act was established by President Bush and the United States Congress.
HR STRATEGIES AND EMPLOYEE OUTCOMES: A STUDY ON COMPENSATION, APPRAISAL, RECO...indexPub
This study examines the relationship between HR practices and employee outcomes in order to provide insight into the crucial role HR practices play in organisational dynamics. The results show that HR procedures significantly affect workers' engagement with their work and their ability to decide whether or not to stay with their current employer. In order to improve staff retention rates and achieve sustained organisational effectiveness, this study's findings stress the significance of well-crafted human resource policies. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the multifaceted relationship between human resource practices and employee outcomes, specifically focusing on compensation, performance appraisal, and recognition programs. By delving into these dynamics, the research aims to enhance our understanding of how these HR strategies influence job embeddedness and the intention to quit among employees, ultimately providing valuable insights for organizations to optimize their HR policies and employee retention strategies. Design/Methodology: This research adopts a quantitative approach, utilizing a structured survey instrument administered to a diverse sample of employees across various industries. Data collected will be analyzed using advanced statistical techniques, including regression analysis, to examine the associations between compensation, performance appraisal, recognition programs, job embeddedness, and intention to quit. Additionally, qualitative data such as open-ended responses will be analyzed to gain deeper insights into employee perceptions and experiences. Findings: Reveal significant correlations are identified as key determinants of job embeddedness, with higher levels of job satisfaction and commitment associated with these practices. Moreover, employees exposed to effective HR strategies exhibit a decreased intention to quit, highlighting the role of these practices in retaining talent. The study also identifies nuanced interactions between these variables, shedding light on the complexity of HR practices' impact on employee attitudes and behaviours. Practical Implications: By recognizing the importance of compensation, performance appraisal, and recognition programs in promoting job embeddedness and reducing intention to quit, organizations can design and implement more effective HR policies. This, in turn, can lead to improved employee retention rates, increased job satisfaction, and ultimately contribute to organizational success and stability. Originality/Value: The originality of this research lies in its ability to provide organizations with a comprehensive understanding of the interconnectedness of these variables, thus offering valuable insights and practical recommendations for HR practitioners and organizational leaders striving to retain talent and foster a positive workplace culture.
USING STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELING ON FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT OF INDIAN ECO...indexPub
Purpose: Foreign direct investment (FDI) altogether influences the beneficiary country's financial development, making it more stable, high-quality, and healthy, according to this empirical study based on the present stage of economic development. Thus, every country encountering financial globalization is attempting to lay out a serious business climate to increment worldwide speculation. Design/Methodology/Approach: the main objective of this study is based on Institutional quality or Evidence and I selected 5 factors Institutional Metrics like Voice and Accountability, Civil liberties, Women in parliament, Corruption perceptions, Political rights from DPIIT website (Secondary Data) for the period 2018-2023. Static analysis methods such as the Unit Root Test, the ARDL Approach, and SEM are being used. Originality/Value: The experts in this study used OLS (Least Squares) regression: Foreign direct investment (FDI) streams were the focal point of the exploration. The impact of institutional qualities on unfamiliar direct speculation streams has been explored utilizing the customary least square methodology. Findings: Institutional metrics of government efficacy and corruption have shown a shortrun link with foreign direct investment (FDI) flows, according to the research, which used the ARDL model to find that these indicators had positive coefficient values. As far as institutional markers like law and order, administrative quality, and voice and responsibility, the review found that political stability had a long-term association with foreign direct investment flows (7.4578 > 4.16), placing it above the upper peasant table.
SUSTAINABLE INVESTING UNVEILED: THE ROLE OF BOND RATINGS IN GUIDING GREEN BON...indexPub
The increasing urgency to address climate change has propelled sustainable investing into the spotlight, with green bonds emerging as a pivotal instrument for mobilizing the capital required for environmental projects. This study delves into the critical role that bond ratings play in guiding investments in green bonds, shedding light on how these ratings influence investor confidence and the allocation of funds towards sustainable initiatives. By employing a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative analysis of green bond performance with qualitative interviews from industry experts, this research offers a comprehensive overview of the interplay between bond ratings and green bond investments. The findings suggest that higher bond ratings, often indicative of lower risk and better sustainability credentials, significantly impact the attractiveness of green bonds to investors. Additionally, the study examines the evolution of rating criteria to encompass environmental, social, and governance (ESG) factors, highlighting the shift towards more holistic assessments of investment risk and potential. This research contributes to the broader discourse on sustainable finance by providing insights into the mechanisms through which bond ratings can facilitate more informed and impactful green bond investments.
AN EXPLONATORY ANALYSIS OF HR ANALYTICS MODEL OVER BIG DATA PROCESS IMPACT ON...indexPub
By generating pertinent indicators, Human Resource Analytics (HRA) can provide HR personnel with a broader perspective on their contribution to the organization's financial objectives. There is a scarcity of research, however, regarding the impact of HRA on business outcomes, specifically in the context of organisations based in India and Vietnam. Within this particular framework, the current study investigates the impact of HRA big data capabilities on business outcomes. The study also investigates the discrepancy between the actual and perceived levels of big data expertise possessed by human resources analysts in Indian and Vietnamese organisations. The current study constructs a conceptual framework in order to examine the hypotheses formulated for assessing the interconnections between the variables being investigated. Utilising the Capability, Motivation, and Opportunity (CMO) framework, it accomplishes this. The data were collected using a quantitative approach, which entailed integrating the various components of HRA expertise and assessing their influence on business outcomes through the utilisation of big data. A systematic questionnaire was developed and distributed to 230 human resources professionals employed by various organisations located in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, and Hyderabad, India. In addition to HR administrators, users of HRAs comprised the participants. A variety of statistical methods were applied to the data to assess the disparity between HRA's anticipated and realised big data capabilities, as well as the impact of HRA on business outcomes. It appears, based on the data that offering incentives and opportunities to employees with HR analytical skills could result in enhanced performance for the organisation. Research has demonstrated that providing opportunities and incentives to skilled employees is crucial for encouraging the development of their analytical abilities. Possessing these types of analytical abilities significantly influences the outcomes of an organisation.
EVOLUTION OF EXPECTATION VIOLATIONS THEORY (EVT) FROM FACE-TO FACE COMMUNICAT...indexPub
The promotion carried out by Holywings in the religious community is a promotional strategy that carries a big risk considering that the majority of Indonesian people are Muslims where liquor is an unlawful item. This was considered a violation and sparked various reactions in society. In the digital era, data sourced from social media is important data to understand the response of the Indonesian people to the violation of the Holywings issue. The research method used is explorative because marketing communication research based on social media data is still new. The research method is descriptive and quantitative by describing variables such as user volume, reach, conversation trends, top tweets, sentiments, influencers, and communication networks between social media users. The research sample uses the period from 23 June 2022 to 30 June 2022. The results of this research indicate that the issue of the Holywings violation is viral compared to other issues. The scope of the issue of violations at Café Holywings spreads throughout Indonesia and is dominant in DKI Jakarta Province. Even though Bali is the biggest branch of Café Holywings, there was very little reaction to the violation of Café Holywings. This is following the theory of expectation violations that the size of the violation reaction on social media is highly dependent on individual characteristics, context, and reaction.
ANTECEDENT OF ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE IN PT “XXX” PHARMA, TBKindexPub
The objective of this study is to investigate the influence of information technology capability on knowledge management capability, the influence of information technology capability on organisational performance, the influence of knowledge management capability on organisational performance, and the indirect impact of information technology capability on organisational performance through knowledge management capability in PT. "XXX" Pharma, Tbk. The research is based on the understanding of the interconnectedness between information technology cap. The present study utilised a quantitative approach, employing both explanatory and survey methodologies. The process of data collection involved the distribution of a questionnaire to a sample of 44 respondents, which was selected using the purposive random sampling technique. The data processing was performed using route analysis, utilising the IBM Predictive Analytic Software (PASW) version 24. The empirical evidence suggests a statistically significant and positive correlation between the capability of information technology and the capability of knowledge management. Additionally, there is a positive and significant impact of information technology capability on organisational performance. Furthermore, knowledge management capability is found to have a positive and significant effect on organisational performance. Lastly, it is observed that information technology capability positively and significantly influences organisational performance through its impact on knowledge management capability.
UNRAVELLING THE MENTAL HEALTH LANDSCAPE: EXPLORING DEPRESSION AND ASSOCIATED ...indexPub
Introduction: The prevalence of depression and its correlates in Bangladeshi rural university students have been rarely investigated. We draw a literature review, a cross-sectional study and analysis of the rural students’ depression natures and mechanisms that influence their academic performance and health and well-being. Methods: A cross-sectional research was conducted during the period august 2019 to January 2020 in a university. We employed Beck Depression Inventory scale to collect data from 200 undergraduate and graduate students. Data were analysed using chi-square association test and ordinal logistic regression. Results: We discovered that mild to severe depression affected 60% of rural students [mild (16%), borderline (10%), moderate (12%), severe (11.5%), and extreme (10.5%)]. Family expectations, smoking, bad academic achievement, inability to enroll in a particular program, and inadequate household finances were significant risk factors for depression. When it comes to depression, male students scored noticeably higher than female pupils. The decreased depression was linked to both strong household economics and intellectual achievement. Conclusions: The intricate interactions among the risk factors influence the character and processes of depression in rural students.
IMPACT OF PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT ON SUCCESSION PLANNINGindexPub
Motivation: HR in an organization faces various challenges in business environment, such as Building Capabilities, Improving Productivity, Building Performance Culture, Talent Management, Succession Planning for Key Leadership and Critical Roles, Developing Accountability and Ownership, Human Capital Management and transforming HR function into developmental Role from the legacy driven HR, etc. Succession Planning is the process of identifying and developing individuals, who have potential to hold the key leadership position in an Organization, whereas Performance Management includes assessing and improving upon the performance of an employee to meet the organizational goals. There are several Management Practices, which are adopted widely in Industry to make a successful Succession Planning. Workforce and Talent Management is one of them. The health of an organization majorly depends on the proper placement of people, which is a combined outcome of Talent Identification, Talent Development and Talent Retention. Performance Management plays a vital role in Talent Identification. It also has an impact on Talent Development and Talent Retention. The key idea of succession planning suggests that the right person to be placed at the right position at the right time. Succession planning is becoming a challenge these days in the corporate world. Organizations are often not found prepared with their successors to occupy the key positions as and when required. The positions are either kept vacant for a substantial period or more than one role is assigned to a single person. Identifying the right talent for the key positions from outside the organization and recruiting them is a much more difficult task at the eleventh hour. This has a significant impact on organizational health and in turn to organizational sustainability. Organizations must last longer than people. Role of organization continues even when the people move out. Employees must superannuate after attaining a certain age. Also, organizations must have a contingency plan for sudden vacancy arises out of attrition, health hazards and death of employee. Succession planning is the strategy to ensure that a suitable person is made available during exigencies. Employees are developed for taking on higher responsibilities and for the new roles that may emerge in future. The placement of Key Leadership positions can be executed either by inviting the talent from outside or developing the talent in-house. The latter is always in demand keeping in view the core values of the organization and the impact on loyalty and organizational culture in a long run. It is preferable to develop the in-house talent pool to reduce dependency on recruitment of experienced people from outside for the critical roles. It brings the talent acquisition cost low and contributes as a motivating factor for the team as well. The acceptability of a person placed at Top / Key Leadership Positions is high when these are occupied
EXTERNAL BEHAVIOURAL FACTORS IMPACT ON INVESTMENT DECISIONS OF INDIVIDUAL INV...indexPub
The study collects data from a sample of individual investors and analyses their responses to recent financial events, changes in market trends, and economic forecasts. By examining factors such as demographic profiles, financial literacy, risk tolerance, and market perceptions, the research aims to identify significant predictors of investment decisions in this demographic. The findings suggest that investors are predominantly influenced by financial news, peer influence, past investment performance, and the economic stability of the region. This study contributes to the field by highlighting the localized factors impacting investment choices and providing insights for financial advisors and investment firms to tailor their strategies according to investor needs and regional specifics.
GLOBAL RESEARCH TREND AND FUTURISTIC RESEARCH DIRECTION VISUALIZATION OF WORK...indexPub
Purpose – The purpose of this research is to undertake a bibliometric analysis of working capital management. The study examines papers from time period 1974-2023and performed performance analysis, co-citation analysis, bibliographic coupling and scientific mapping. Design/methodology/approach – The study examines 174 articles retrieved from the Scopus database using bibliometric analysis, performance analysis and thematic clustering. The study looked at the scientific productivity of papers, prolific authors, most influencing papers, institutions and nations, keyword co-occurrence, thematic mapping, co-citations and authorship and country collaborations. VOSviewer was as a tool in the research to conduct the performance analysis and thematic clustering.The watchword "Working Capital Management" was used to include only English-language articles. Findings – The most productive year was 2022 with 26 publications. Martínez and García- are the most protuberant authors with 708 citations. The findings of the study shows that the most influential institutions are ‘The Department of Management and Finance, Faculty of Economy andBusiness and Department of Management and Finance, Faculty of Economics and Business, The University of Murcia, Spain with 381 & 297 citations. Among,thecountry analysis,Spain with 744 citations stands first of all other nations for publication on Working Capital Management. Kärri is the most productive author with 7 documents. Country-wise analysis reveals that the United States is the most productive country for Working Capital Management research with 40 documents.The authors also identified seven thematic clusters of Working Capital Management. Research limitations/implications – It informs and directs researchers on the current state of study in the field of Working Capital Management.The present study has quite a few implications forSmall & Medium enterprise managers, entrepreneurs, financial managers, academicians and scholars. It also outlines future research directions in this field.Present study provides an inclusive acquaintance about the working capital management till date. Originality/value – This is the first study which provides the performance analysis and scientific mapping of the all published documents on working capital management between the time periods 1974-2023
A SOCIAL CAPITAL APPROACH TO ENTREPRENEURIAL ECOSYSTEM AND INNOVATION: CASE S...indexPub
Despite being recognised as drivers of innovative development, Micro, Small, and Medium-Sized Enterprises (MSMEs) frequently confront resource limitations. Therefore, enhancing the ecosystem is contingent on the entrepreneurs’ social capital, which is crucial for the success of MSMEs. This study applies the social capital approach to analyse the entrepreneurial ecosystem enrichment and its impact on the innovation process of cosmetics MSMEs. The qualitative case study of six cosmetic manufacturing MSMEs explores that social capital is a multifaceted asset to MSMEs. Through an in-depth thematic analysis of three dimensions of social capital (structural, relational, and cognitive), this study states that the innovation process is supported by the synergistic transformation of one dimension of social capital into another. Entrepreneurs sharing the common norms, rules, and language enrich their cognitive as well as relational aspects of ecosystem. The study suggests that as network ties, trust, and norms collectively influence innovation in firms, hence, social capital needs to be studied with its contextualization in the ecosystem.
ASSESSING HRM EFFECTIVENESS AND PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENT MEASURES IN THE BANKI...indexPub
This study employs an exploratory and quantitative research approach to systematically investigate the impact of Human Resource Management (HRM) practices on Organizational Performance within the Indian Banking sector. The research approach combines exploratory research, aimed at gaining insights into HRM practices, with a quantitative approach using a purposive sampling technique. Data is collected through a questionnaire from employees in both public (SBI) and private banks (HDFC Bank) who work in HR departments or are involved in HR activities. The Likert scale is utilized in the questionnaire to measure participant perceptions of HRM practices. The study utilizes two statistical tools: Neural Network and Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). The findings of the study highlight the significance of promotion and transfer policies, considered paramount in influencing organizational performance in both public and private banks. Additionally, the study underscores the importance of training and development initiatives in enhancing employee skills and competencies. Clear and effective communication within HR policies is identified as pivotal in improving organizational performance. Lastly, aligning HRM practices with sector-specific goals is recognized as a significant contributor to improved employee satisfaction and overall performance in the banking sector. The findings offer guidance for HR practitioners and policymakers in optimizing HRM practices to achieve better organizational performance.
CORRELATION BETWEEN EMPATHY AND FRIENDSHIP QUALITY AMONG HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS...indexPub
In this research were used two questionnaires Empathy Formative questionnaire and Friendship Quality Scale. The aim of this study is to see the relationship between empathy and friendship quality among adolescent, to find out if there are gender differences in empathy and friendship quality, and to see if there are any differences between younger and older students on examined variables. This research was done with 65 high school students. Age of the students were 15 to 17 years old. Results show that there is a correlation between empathy and friendship quality. The results of t test show that there are not significant differences between females and males on variable empathy. Girls and boys have significant difference in friendship quality in Kosovo. There are no significant differences between older students and younger students in the level of empathy and also there are no significant differences between older students and younger students in the level of friendship quality.
LEVELS OF DEPRESSION AND SELF-ESTEEM IN STUDENTSindexPub
Introduction: among the most worrying problems in recent years are low self-esteem, family and friends problems, anxiety, stress, and depression, which are taking on alarming proportions in students and young people in general. Purpose: the study is a prediction, which focuses on analyzing and evaluating students' self-esteem and level of depression. Methodology: the population is 332 students (13-15 years old) in high schools in the Gjakova region. The study describes the analysis, classification, and evaluation of the collected data by doing the analysis and real examination of the findings. Results: in terms of gender there is no significant difference in self-esteem, while in depression there is a significant difference. The level of depression is higher in women (11.9) than in men (9.5). Economic status shows that students with employed fathers have lower depression (6.77) compared to those with unemployed fathers (10.80). Conclusions: The level of depression and self-esteem and parental reflection affect students. A link has been found between economic status and emotional problems and student behavior. To prevent it, the psychological service in schools should function, and together with families and the community should be as close as possible to the problems of students.
This presentation was provided by Rebecca Benner, Ph.D., of the American Society of Anesthesiologists, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
Beyond Degrees - Empowering the Workforce in the Context of Skills-First.pptxEduSkills OECD
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This presentation was provided by Racquel Jemison, Ph.D., Christina MacLaughlin, Ph.D., and Paulomi Majumder. Ph.D., all of the American Chemical Society, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
Gender and Mental Health - Counselling and Family Therapy Applications and In...PsychoTech Services
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Confiscations, Kotahitanga, Kingitanga, Parliament, Suffrage, Repudiation, Economic Change, Agriculture, Gold Mining, Timber, Flax, Sheep, Dairying,
SWOT analysis in the project Keeping the Memory @live.pptx
INNOVATIVE DESIGN FOR KIDS MASTERY IMPROVEMENT OF LANGUAGE FEATURES IN A STORY
1. Jilin Daxue Xuebao (Gongxueban)/Journal of Jilin University (Engineering and Technology Edition)
ISSN: 1671-5497
E-Publication: Online Open Access
Vol: 42 Issue: 12-2023
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10453851
Dec 2023 | 467
INNOVATIVE DESIGN FOR KIDS MASTERY IMPROVEMENT OF
LANGUAGE FEATURES IN A STORY
NUR ANTONI EKO TANUSO
English Department, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia.
English Department, IAIN Syekh Nurjati Cirebon.
Email: nurantoni519@kids.unnes.ac.id, nurantoni@syekhnurjati.ac.id
YAN MUJIYANTO
English Department, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia. Email: yanmujiyanto@mail.unnes.ac.id
RUDI HARTONO
English Department, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia. Email: rudi.hartono@mail.unnes.ac.id
HENDI PRATAMA
English Department, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia. Email: hendipratama@mail.unnes.ac.id
Abstract
One of the hardest things for people learning English as a third language is still reading and writing. Because
they are still not good enough at language features, they often make big mistakes and assumptions that
aren't true. To make learning more fun and useful, visual symbols were made for seven different kinds of
language traits. It looks at the Vipicoll form a lot. Visual Symbols media, Picture and picture, and the
Collaborative approach are all creatively put together in Vipicoll. This research used Reeve's design
method. Research develops Vipicoll learning model, employing interviews, literature reviews, and
questionnaires for iterative improvement and validation. Researchers identify problems, create Vipicoll,
iteratively refine through trials, forming an effective English Language Education model. Study assesses
individual English thinking development, emphasizing interpretive framework, relation, function, and unique
visual symbols. From this research, it was found that using Vipicoll really helps improve kids' mastery of
language features, especially those in a story. This is proven by the fact that after implementation, kids'
correct answers when asked directly by their teachers and their written test answers increased greatly even
though many direct answers and test answers used to be wrong and they often didn't understand.
Keywords: Visual symbol, Picture and picture, Collaborative, Design research, Language feature.
INTRODUCTION
For a long time, grammar, writing, reading, and listening have been the four main areas
of study in second language learning (Schmitt & Murcia, 2019). But this method doesn't
take into account linguistic qualities that are important for good writing and speaking. His
only study goal was to find language elements in books. Kids have to share their results
after reading and listening to sources, which is one of the hardest parts. When learning
language parts and how to put them together in sentences, kids don't learn how to think
about context, order, kind, and categorization well enough. For someone to be skilled in
a language, they need to know more than just grammar and vocabulary. Another thing
that has an effect on many countries is the use of English as a third language, after the
major state language and regional dialects. The vocabulary, structure, and meaning of
these languages are all very different from one another. According to study by Park et al.
(2022) most of the mistakes people make on English proficiency tests like the TOEFL,
2. Jilin Daxue Xuebao (Gongxueban)/Journal of Jilin University (Engineering and Technology Edition)
ISSN: 1671-5497
E-Publication: Online Open Access
Vol: 42 Issue: 12-2023
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10453851
Dec 2023 | 468
TOEIC, and IELTS are related to language issues. Modern writing programs like Microsoft
Word now have tools that help kids fix their language and spelling. Even with these
improvements, linguists have found a number of mistakes in the text when they looked at
it closely (Hu, 2018). We need to do more research to make it better.
These events have been the subject of a lot of study. A study looked into how text marking
tools can help kids learn and understand what they are reading better (Chang, 2021). The
study by Szymanik et al. (2023), on the other hand, looked at visual hints that are linked
to adverbs that show links between space and time. Even though visual grammar was
used in the study by Sinoara et al. (2017), it was found to not be useful in real life. A new
idea from Georgakopoulos and Polis (2018) includes grammatical visualization, even
though it's not part of their original scheme for two-dimensional visual grammar. As
Ishmam et al. (2023), who study image/text alignment in art, points out, Roth (2021) and
Rubino et al. (2018) stress how important visual story telling is when studying literary
works. Martsin (2018), on the other hand, uses pictures to describe events and stresses
how important visual communication is. On the other hand, Ursini and Acquaviva (2019)
look into visual symbolic language and see how words, verbs, adverbs, and grammar
structures are used in it. Del Pilar Salas-Zárate et al. (2020) don't really look at literary
works, but they do look at how famous icons are used in different situations. Adverbs,
nouns, verbs, and adjectives make up the key parts of word structure that they look at.
This study is very important because it aims to fix the problems listed above by using a
new way of learning called the Vipicoll model. Visual symbols, such as the use of Picture
and Picture (P&P) strategies, and collaborative learning techniques are all part of
Vipicoll's goal to make language learning better. Concept maps and graphic organizers
are two types of visual aids that can help people understand what they read (McCrudden
& Rapp, 2017). Visual images can help people understand better, remember things
better, and find things more easily, according to academic studies. Two studies of Loewen
& Sato (2018) and Voyer & Jansen (2017) say that the P&P method uses pictures to help
people learn and remember things. This study not only shows that Vipicoll works by using
local knowledge as a teaching method, but it also makes it more appealing by showing
kids how and what they are learning can be used in their everyday lives.
The main purpose of this project is to create a teaching framework for improving language
feature competency and then put that framework to the test in the real world to see how
well it works. A method called vipicoll is being considered. It uses traits of spoken and
written language to help kids who have trouble making sentences.
1. METHOD
The main goal of the study was to make Vipicoll learning media with language aspects
for English Language Education. The Design Research method was used. This is an
organized way to plan, create, and test teaching interventions (Thomas, E. J., & Rothman,
J., 2013). The goal was to deal with difficult issues in the way classes work, with a focus
on how important the planning process and development are in finding answers to these
problems (McKenney, S., & Reeves, T. , 2018).
3. Jilin Daxue Xuebao (Gongxueban)/Journal of Jilin University (Engineering and Technology Edition)
ISSN: 1671-5497
E-Publication: Online Open Access
Vol: 42 Issue: 12-2023
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10453851
Dec 2023 | 469
Figure 1: Reeves’ Research Design Model
The goal of the research is to create a Vipicoll learning model that follows the model
stages (McKenney & Reeves, 2014) and focuses on trying and improving things over and
over again to make sure they work. To figure out what the problem is, the study uses
interviews, book reviews, and questionnaires. Interviews get information about the
classroom, readings help with designing models, and surveys check on the progress of a
product and encourage feedback (Sileyew, K. J., 2019).
Researchers start to find problems by observing and talking to people. Then, using
theoretical foundations and media technology, they make a prototype of the answer
(Olsson et al, 2020). When kids plan media for English Language Teaching, kids have to
look over learning materials and analyze books. As part of developing a product, Vipicoll
is prototyped using CorelDraw X4, evaluation tools are made, and the product is tested
with experts (Laurillard, D.et al, 2018). Through early and limited tests, an iterative
process tests and improves the answer. Researchers make changes to the product based
on the results of tests and comments from supervisors (Henriksen, D, 2017). They keep
doing this until the product is good enough to be used (Eisner, E. W., 2017). Successful
tests led to the creation of a made-up the learning model that is meant to get more people
interested in English Language Education (Coleman, L. J., 2021)
The study looks at information from interviews with teachers, product development
guidelines, and validation ideas to make the Vipicoll learning model better (Sawyer, R. K.,
2018). Using an Emergent Perspective explanatory framework to figure out how kids are
thinking and learning is very important. Researchers use science methods to make sense
of what they see in the classroom, taking into account social and psychological points of
view (Mertens, D. M., 2023).
The goal of the design study is to help kids learn language better by using picture-based
learning and group activities in a reform class, which is different from a regular class
(Lamichhane, K., 2017).
4. Jilin Daxue Xuebao (Gongxueban)/Journal of Jilin University (Engineering and Technology Edition)
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Vol: 42 Issue: 12-2023
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10453851
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The study looks at data using an interpretive framework to see how well each kid is
developing their English thought while taking into account the role of the teacher, the
culture of the class, and possible changes that could be made to the way kids learn
(Prabjandee, D., 2020). The idea of relation is found by looking at the background of a
sentence and what words mean (Just, M. A., & Carpenter, P. A., 2018).
The idea of function, on the other hand, is found by using pictures to show how language
works (DeKeyser, R., 2020). For tenses, the visual symbols represent a time scale, and
for epithets, they represent a process of ordering that is based on traditional food making
production. This shows how the Vipicoll learning model offers unique ways to understand
these language features.
2. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
2.1 Result
The problem was looked at by researchers in the first step, who found that many kids
were having trouble with the language parts. After that, an exploratory study is done.
According to preliminary study, we need new ways of thinking about media, methods,
procedures, and learning strategies, especially if we want to get better at language. Kids
often make mistakes when they talk and write, especially when it comes to fictional works.
This is why text analysis of these types of works is more common than analysis of other
types of books.
Following this, the researchers used "Snow White" story as a model to set up a system
with seven sets of visual symbols, one for each of the seven main language features
found in stories.
The research was mostly about the most popular categories. For the Tenses language
feature, the experts came up with a set of twelve different graphic icons to show the
different tenses. As kids can see, seven icons stand for adjectives and twelve for epithets.
The picture has fifteen symbols for conjunctions, twelve symbols for verbs, and twelve
symbols for words. After this, each of these pictures will be turned into a game card. There
is a picture on each of the twelve cards in this set that represents a different mood. These
marks came from the picture below.
What makes this time scale unique is that it can clearly show how different tenses are
connected. After that, kids can use these cards to help them pick the right mood when
putting together words or connecting them to pictures. The provided image and its
accompanying scale can be very useful as a reference for programmers and app makers.
5. Jilin Daxue Xuebao (Gongxueban)/Journal of Jilin University (Engineering and Technology Edition)
ISSN: 1671-5497
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Vol: 42 Issue: 12-2023
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10453851
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Figure 2: Tenses Scale
Researchers found that a lot of kids had trouble with the language parts in the first step
of problem analysis. Exploratory study is the next thing that needs to be done. New ways
of thinking about media, methods, procedures, and learning strategies are needed,
especially when it comes to improving language skills, according to early study. It is more
common to do text analysis on fictional works than on other types of literature because
kids make more mistakes when they are talking and writing about literature, especially
when it comes to fictional works.
The next step for the researchers was to figure out the seven main types of words used
in stories. Researchers used the story "Snow White" to make their points, and then they
came up with a method with seven groups of pictures. Most of the study was done on the
most common types. Within the framework of the Tenses language feature, the experts
created a set of twelve unique visual icons that represent the different tenses. There are
seven icons that stand for adjectives and twelve that stand for epithets. There are fifteen
conjunction symbols, twelve noun symbols, and twelve verb symbols in the graphic
portrayal. The next step is to turn these pictures into playing cards. A group of three
experts in computer media and one expert in language learning looked over the Vipicoll
model before it was used. The Learning Object Review Instrument (LORI) was used for
evaluating these cards media because it’s an effective evaluation (Gordillo Méndez,
2017). Twelve playing cards are used to teach English. Each card shows a different mood.
The picture below gave us ideas for these symbols. The unique thing about this time scale
is that it makes the connection between tenses very clear. Kids can then use these cards
to help them find the right tense when they are putting together words or making links
between visual symbols. Programmers and app developers can use the given image and
its scale as great reference materials.
6. Jilin Daxue Xuebao (Gongxueban)/Journal of Jilin University (Engineering and Technology Edition)
ISSN: 1671-5497
E-Publication: Online Open Access
Vol: 42 Issue: 12-2023
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10453851
Dec 2023 | 472
Figure 3: The order of Adjectives in Cards
Researchers say that a lot of kids had trouble with the speaking parts of the first step of
problem analysis. The next step that makes sense is to start an exploratory project. An
early study suggests that in order to improve language skills, we need new ways of using
media, methods, procedures, and learning techniques. Because kids make mistakes
when they speak and write, especially when it comes to fictional works, text analysis is
more common for these types of books than for other types.
The next thing the researchers did was look for the seven most common linguistic traits
in stories. They used the story "Snow White" to make their points after coming up with a
method with seven sets of visual symbols. The study was mostly focused on the most
common types. For the Tenses language feature, the researchers made a set of twelve
different graphic images to show the different tenses. There are seven icons that stand
for adverbs and twelve that stand for epithets. The picture is made up of fifteen symbols
for conjunctions and twelve symbols for words and verbs. The next step is to make playing
cards out of these pictures.
There is an image of a different tense on each of the twelve game cards. The picture
below gave us ideas for these symbols. This time scale is different from others because
it can clarify the link between tenses. After that, they can use the cards to help them pick
the right mood whenever they put together pictures or words. The picture and scale that
are given will be very helpful for software engineers and app developers.
7. Jilin Daxue Xuebao (Gongxueban)/Journal of Jilin University (Engineering and Technology Edition)
ISSN: 1671-5497
E-Publication: Online Open Access
Vol: 42 Issue: 12-2023
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10453851
Dec 2023 | 473
Figure 3. Visual Symbols of Adverb
A conjunction is a word, phrase, or clause that links two or more other parts of a sentence.
In this way, they help change the meaning by moving around the structure of grammar. If
kids want to use a conjunction, the three most popular types are correlative, subordinate,
and coordination. Some of the visual aids for conjunctions that experts have made are
already built into Microsoft Word. When these symbols aren't available, experts come up
with and test new ones to make sure that everyone can understand them. If one visual
sign is used to represent more than one conjunction function, the researcher may decide
to come up with a different one to make things clearer and easier to understand. When
making new digital media or apps, visual images will stand for how people will work
together in the future.
In order to help kids learn how to use conjunctions, teachers may show them pictures and
have them put dots where the words were. Teachers also help kids build sentences, talk
to each other, and fix each other's mistakes as part of the teaching process. Kids talk
about where they think the building should be placed in relation to its surroundings and
how they think it uses visual cues. The thorough documentation of this hyphen's features
will be very helpful for programmers and app developers.
Changing how often words are used is one way to make visual symbols. Putting a picture
of the noun on a card that is accessible makes the visual representation. In the lecture,
nouns are taught in terms of their position, types, and where they come from. In the
practice, they are used in the setting of structure and context. There are names in the
Snow-White story that are shown by symbols.
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Figure 5: Visual Symbols of Noun
Teachers can help their kids learn how to use conjunctions correctly by showing them
pictures that they can color in with dots. Additionally, teachers help kids improve their
speaking abilities, build their sentence structure, and fix each other's mistakes as part of
the teaching process. The kids talk about how the building uses visual cues and where it
is in relation to its surroundings. Programmers and app writers can learn a lot from the
detailed documentation of this hyphen's features.
Changing the order of the words can be a visible cue. The visual representation is made
by putting an image of the word on the available card. The lesson starts with a talk about
nouns and their different forms. Next, the speaker moves on to practice and application
within the framework of structure and context. Signs are used instead of names in the
story of Snow White.
Figure 6: Verb Visual Symbols in Cards
9. Jilin Daxue Xuebao (Gongxueban)/Journal of Jilin University (Engineering and Technology Edition)
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A pedagogical system that is unique to a certain subject is what Augustsson (2021)
means by "local instructional theory." It includes things like lesson plans, activity sheets,
and training aids. Visual images were used to improve kids' knowledge of language-
related topics, different strategies were put into action, and Picture and Picture
approaches were combined with Collaborative Learning methods.
2.1.1 Vipicoll Learning Trajectory
Table 1: Vipicoll Learning Implementation Trajectory
1st Meeting
The goal is to understand how to use the word "to-be" and other verbs in different tenses.
Activities Model
Learning Outcomes
Hypothesis
Rationalization
People first watch a
movie that teaches "to
be" and how to change
the tense of auxiliary
verbs. Along with the
teacher, they talk about
rules, figure out cases,
show what they've
learned, use symbols,
and write their own
words in groups.
It was done with
a blackboard,
PowerPoint, a
researcher’s
video with Mr.
Kliwon and Mr.
Bodin's story,
and pictures that
showed the
tenses.
Kids should know how to
use verbs in different
tenses, give different
answers, and work
together to talk about
something and decide
what to do.
The game was picked
based on P and P traits,
such as use of context and
well-known stories, which
helped kids understand
better.
2nd Meeting
Kids learn about the scale of tenses and rely on Vipicoll to write lines based on short stories.
Activities Model
Learning Outcomes
Hypothesis
Rationalization
The lesson for learning
face-to-face uses the
Vipicoll model and the
Picture and Picture
method. Kids learn about
the scale of tenses and
use pictures to put
together sentences that
are based on the story.
Vipicell is a way
to teach kidss
about the scale
of tenses and
how to write
sentences.
Kids can learn about the
different tenses and how
to connect symbols to
make words. They can
also learn about the
background information.
For rationalization, using
Vipicoll, active learning,
and real-life Indonesian
events can help kids learn
the Tenses scale.
3rd Meeting
Vipicoll helps kids learn how to write words based on rules and the situation. They learn how to tell the
difference between tenses and compare them.
Activities Model
Learning Outcomes
Hypothesis
Rationalization
The teacher talks about
how different the tenses
are, and then the kids
write words in those
tenses that are made up
of symbols from longer
lines. They talk about
how tenses are different
and how formulas,
Tenses are
talked about by
the teacher, and
the kids work
together to make
sentences.
Some of the kids
write very long
lines.
The kidss can switch
between tenses, put
together words, write
examples, and decide
what they think.
There's a good reason for
this activity: it goes with
Picture and Picture, active
learning, and everyday
situations that help kids
understand tenses.
10. Jilin Daxue Xuebao (Gongxueban)/Journal of Jilin University (Engineering and Technology Edition)
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DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10453851
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verbs, and symbols are
different types.
4th Meeting
The goal is for kids to learn about the different types of adverbs and where to use them by doing picture-
and-picture tasks and seeing them in real life.
Activities Model
Learning Outcomes
Hypothesis
Rationalization
Videos and pictures are
used to teach words.
Kids search for adverbs
in pictures and words
and decide where to put
them as they learn about
them.
Adverb of
material. Kids
use PowerPoint,
movies, and a
notepad to learn
about adverbs
and how to put
them together in
sentences.
Kids fully understand
adverbs, including the
different kinds, where they
go, and how they are
signed. They can put
these thoughts together in
sentences and know what
they mean.
The game is picked based
on how well the picture fits
in with its settings. By
using what they learn in
real life, active learning
helps kids understand
adverbs.
5th Meeting
Active face-to-face learning helps kids learn the different kinds of adjectives, how to use them, and
where to put them in words using Vipicoll..
Activities Model
Learning Outcomes
Hypothesis
Rationalization
Kids can learn words
and how to use them in
sentences with the help
of videos, pictures, and
activities. After reading
lines, they decide what
adjectives mean and
where they belong.
PowerPoint
slides show
examples of
adjectives and
how to use them
in sentences.
Whiteboard
games help
people learn in
person.
Kids should be able to look
at words, use adjectives to
figure out what they mean,
and know where these
adjectives go.
Kidss can learn things with
the help of videos,
pictures, and games. They
look at words and decide
what adjectives mean and
what part they play in
different situations.
6th Meeting
Vipicoll's active face-to-face learning helps kids learn about the different kinds of conjunctions and
where to put them in sentences.
Activities Model
Learning Outcomes
Hypothesis
Rationalization
Kids learn how to use
conjunctions correctly in
sentences with the help
of videos, examples, and
other visual tools. They
also figure out how to
use them on their own.
Pictures,
PowerPoint,
film, and a
whiteboard.
Kids form their own ideas
and learn how to use
numbers, letters, words,
and groups in sentences.
They know what words
mean, how to use them,
and when to use them.
Through P&P games and
hands-on learning, kids
learn how to connect
visual symbols and
understand how to use
clear pictures to join words
together. This helps them
understand the situation
better.
2.1.2 Learning Hypothesis
At the first meeting, PowerPoint slides and a researcher's movie called "Funny Tips for
Understanding Tenses" (https://kidstu.be/hEJmuCqxAQQ) were shown to help people
understand the verb "to-be" and other things that go with it in different tenses. A third-
person subject will be followed by verbs that mean "to be" or "auxiliary verbs" finishing in
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-s or -es. This is an interesting rule that can also be found in computer programs or apps.
For Dewi Ayu (They, We, I, you) don't need to be iced with a verb that means "to be" or
"auxiliary verb," or her stomach will hurt later. This help people understand how to use to-
be and auxiliary verbs in different tense situations. That's the main goal of this job. Then,
the kids look at sentences from novelettes in groups and use visual tools to show what
they've learned on the board. In dynamic meetings, people use picture cards to break the
ice and figure out how to link words and pictures.
Figure 7: To be, auxiliary verbs, and Pronoun cards
At the second meeting, pictures were used to help people understand grace periods. The
kids watch the researcher's movie "Tenses are easier in visual symbols"
(https://kidstu.be/UPSUXVJCF1k) and then do things like compare timescales, talk about
sentences, and figure out the tenses of things. To write sentences, kids use tense scale
cards. They also talk about and draw time scales and use what they've learned to write
sentences.
Figure 8: Tense Scale Cards
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Teenagers learn about tense timescales in the third meeting through group discussions,
visual aids, and movies made by the researcher, as on the video
https://kidstu.be/5VCjVzzl1OU and https://kidstu.be/47iv1OWAhYs. They learned about
time-grace mapping and how to use different tenses in long lines.
At the fourth meeting, kids learn about scales and grace periods through pictures. For
example, they learn how to use "since," "until," "for," "when," "while," "how long," "how
often," "also," "on," "in at," and "which" in prepositions. The researcher made a movie of
it that kids can watch at https://kidstu.be/7oVkK-_ahxU.
Picture, video, and talk lessons help kids learn about words and where to put them at the
fifth meeting. Picture and case studies are used to teach, and the kids learn how to sort,
explain, and write sentences with adjectives. At the sixth meeting, experts drew 11
pictures of conjunctions to help video kids learn how to use them. Picture-based lessons
help kids understand this idea better and learn how to use it in words.
2.1.3 Retrospective
The design to develop the kid’s mastery in language features in Jacob’s Snow
White.
Continuing the teaching experiment, retrospective analysis involves monitoring learning
outcomes through Kid Worksheets in group work (Wen, Y., & Song, Y., 2021). Learning
analytics for collaborative language learning in classrooms (Lin, C. J., & Hwang, G. J.,
2018). Analysis includes direct questioning, utilizing an emergent perspective
interpretation framework for comprehensive assessment of kid development,
participation, teacher's role, and class culture (Abdel Meguid, E., & Collins, M., 2017).
Activity 1 involves pairing kids to explore to be and auxiliary verbs in sentences. Initial
context aims to strengthen understanding through case examples and a related video.
Teacher : Familiar with to be and auxiliary verbs?
Kid : Yes mam, understand, ma'am (Most kids respond, two kids silent).
Teacher : For those who know, calm down. What about the two kids, who haven't used
it?
Kid : I have, sir, but not in stories.
Teacher : Any issues? (Pointing at another kid)
Kid : Same, sir, used it but not in stories.
Teacher : Both used it before?
Kids : Yes, Sir (simultaneous).
Teacher : So, kids understand its usage?
Kids : Yes, Sir (simultaneous).
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In this discussion, most kids are familiar with to be and auxiliary verbs, though 5 kids are
less accustomed to using them in stories. The teacher outlines detailed steps for
contextual usage. The intertwining of high school and previous-level material facilitates
learning. The class environment encourages active participation, discussion, and teacher
support. The first activity involves using visual symbols with assigned cases, fostering
lively group discussions with heterogeneous member selection. The teacher closely
observes and evaluates kid strategies during group discussions. Student Activity Sheets
(LAS) aids matching cases. Class was divided into 2, SPA is students who Practice and
Answer, and SPM is students who practice to be miscontent or to complain. Some
assume answers must be identical; teacher encourages flexibility.
SPA1: Must our answers match other groups?
SPA2: Yes, it must, discuss only within our group. Maybe at different times.
SPM3: Not different, instructions allow discussion within the group; it's our call.
SPA2: Agreed, we're free partners; depends on our group's agreement.
SPA1: Right.
SPA2: I'm told to conclude the definition of auxiliary verbs; they're different, right?
SPA1: Yes, different. The first 2 cases are to-be because of verb-ing, indicating the action.
SPM3: In middle school, examples were similar.
SPA1: Yes, let's proceed with diverse interpretations.
Teacher allows varied group answers. Group 2 uses material context effectively, relating
to junior high studies. Interactive discussion fosters communication skills and social
norms correction and involvement. Group 2 and Group 4 show diverse answers, but
agree on "to be" definition.
Teacher : Each group solves cases 1 and 2. Different methods?
Kid (Group 3) : Yes, ma'am, our pairing method differs.
SPA1 : I have a different partner.
SPA2 : It's okay; I agree with Group 2's definition.
Teacher : Context matters, choose according to the sentence.
SPM4 : In case 1, all have partners; case 2 has one unpartnered verb.
Kid : "To be" is an auxiliary verb, giving meaning to actions.
Teacher : Combined, what's the definition?
Kid : The relationship between one set and another set.
Kids complete Activity 1, move to Activity 2 understanding auxiliary verbs. They pair 2-
word orders using experience, discuss results, and define functions collectively.
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Teacher : Completed activities 1 and 2. Agree with the representative's answer?
SPA1 : Yes, sir. Auxiliary verbs need partners.
SPA2 : Each left-side auxiliary verb should have one partner, right?
SPM3 : In case 1, all have partners; case 2 has an unpartnered auxiliary verb.
Kid : Auxiliary verbs aid meaning and distinguish tense.
Teacher : So, collectively, what's the definition?
Kid : Words aiding meaning, distinguishing tense in verbs.
First meeting: Interactive activities using visual symbols enhance understanding of to-be
and auxiliary verbs. Kids grasp concepts, express definitions, and provide examples.
Improvements suggested for chart usage and group assistance.
In the second meeting the activities explore tense concepts using Snow White's story.
Teacher reviews prior material, assigns groups, and clarifies instructions. In the second
meeting, Tense exploration using Snow White's story. Teacher guides, assigns groups,
facilitates discussions on verbs, adverbs.
SPM3 : How to distinguish tenses without verbs and adverbs?
SPA2 : Context matters, especially in a story.
SPA1 : Rely on words before and after the auxiliary verb?
SPM3 : Words around it give the context of the action.
SPM4 : Difference between’s in three tenses?
SPM3 : In present, for is; in past continuous, was; in present perfect, has.
SPA1 : Distinguishing past continuous and past tense?
SPA2 : Visual symbol by Mr. Antoni helps; longer verb, past continuous; shorter, past
tense.
Discussion reveals SPA1 and SPA2 face no issues; SPM3 and SPM4 overcome
difficulties. Group discussions enhance understanding, fostering confidence, and
democratic attitudes. Second meeting activities develop knowledge and understanding of
to-be and auxiliary verbs through interactive, realistic problems.
SPM4 : Antoni's time scale is confusing. How to distinguish past perfect and present
perfect tense?
SPM3 : True. And present perfect continuous, past perfect continuous tense?
SPA1 : Past perfect is a past event done; present perfect is ongoing since the past.
SPM4 : What's the difference in past continuous and past tense?
SPA2 : Visual symbols help: past tense is a point, past continuous is a line.
SPA1 : So, a longer verb is past continuous, and a shorter one is past tense, got it?
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SPA3 : Yes.
SPA4 : What about Future Tense and Future Continuous Tense?
SPA1 : Future Continuous is ongoing; Future Tense is a planned event, using will or
shall and Verb 1. If there are signs, we use to-be going to with Verb 1.
Discussion covers understanding time scales through visual symbols in teacher’s videos
and class lessons. Recognizing time scale differences aids story comprehension. The
concept facilitates understanding story sequences, event durations, and chronological
comparisons. Kids gain clarity on challenging tenses through visual aids and symbols.
Some kids struggle with vocabulary and sentence construction, highlighting the need for
improved coordination within groups for effective collaboration during tasks. The findings
and issues from the first meeting are addressed and corrected in the second meeting,
emphasizing the importance of video lectures in enhancing understanding.
In the third meeting, the teacher reviews previous activities, introduces adverbs' functions
and positions. Kids pair adverbs using visual symbols in sentences, facilitated by the
teacher.
SPA2 : LAS has 6 adverb symbols, right?
SPM3 : Yes, each for an adverb type. Confused about types and functions.
SPM4 : We reveal functions too?
SPA1 : Yes, starting with positions. I think degree adverb is like manner, between
subject and predicate or after object. What do kids think, friends?
The conversation in the discussion above shows that there are no difficulties in SPA1 and
SPA2 regarding the given context. This happens because kids are getting used to the
use of visual symbols in learning. SPM3 and SPM4 were a bit confused at first, but they
quickly understood when explained by SPA1 and SPM 3. Group discussions enhance
understanding of adverb positions and functions, involving kids directly in learning.
Teacher : Where to pair "often" and "scream" adverbs?
SPA1 : "Often" between Stepmother and talks, "scream" after talks.
Teacher : Where for "on the wall," "in the afternoon," "every day"?
SPA2 : "On the wall" after subject, then "in the afternoon," ending with "every day."
Teacher : Good. Form the full sentence.
SPA2 : "Stepmother often talks scream to the mirror on the wall in the afternoon
every day."
Teacher : Great!
Learning activities show kids' developed knowledge of adverb positions through
discussions, questions, presentations, and completed activity sheets. Kids grasp adverb
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concepts effectively, achieving learning objectives. The teacher facilitates understanding
during LAS work, ensuring comprehension of adverb positions and functions.
Teacher : Used all adverbs before?
Kid : Yes, not in one sentence.
Teacher : Discussing functions now. Can anyone explain frequency 1 and manner?
Kid : Yes.
Teacher : Good, kids can master adverb positions and functions.
Kids comprehend the given context, linking it to the analyzed story. Discussion reveals
kids' ability to pair visual symbols with adverbs, engaging in social norms. The teacher
guides kids to find general rules, address misunderstandings, and ensure organized
group arrangements.
Teacher divides kids into 5 groups for activity 4 on epithet sequence. Emphasizes
understanding LAS instructions and adjective-noun order concepts in Indonesian.
Teacher : Ever written adjectives before nouns in English?
Kids : Yes.
Teacher : Paid attention to types and order?
Kid : (Silence)
SPA1 : I use estimates or feelings, sir.
SPA2 : I find it difficult to determine the order, sir, remembering the formula.
Teacher : There's a problem with remembering the formula or using feelings; how to
remember easily?
SPA2 : How, sir?
Teacher : Like making traditional food, write nouns and adjectives backward.
SPA1 : How, sir?
Teacher : Know the process of making tofu, fried rice or empal genthong soup?
SPA2 : What does that have to do with kids?
Teacher : Order the process, write nouns and adjectives backward. Mention them.
Kids : Delicious, big, freshly cooked, boxy, brown, from Cirebon, meat,
Empal gentong.
Lecturer : Compare with the order of adjectives in epithets. How?
Kids : (Laughs) Very similar to the formula. Easy, sir.
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Teacher guides kids to visualize nouns and adjectives with visual symbols. Kids connect
symbols to epithet sequence parts, then compare results for differences or similarities.
Teacher : Are visual symbols correctly aligned with adjectives in the epithet order?
Kids : Yes, their visualization helps. Each symbol matches an adjective, making it
Easy to remember the sequence.
Teacher : Any additional insights from our discussion?
Kids : The process ensures every symbol finds a corresponding adjective.
Kids grasp context, connect tofu-making process, and adjective order. Teacher evaluates
their understanding. Kids match adjectives, utilize visual symbols, and understand
adjective order. Teacher clarifies, facilitates accelerated assignments, and assesses
progress. Kids grouped for activity 4. Teacher asks about connecting words, phrases,
and clauses effectively. Conversation transcript indicates discussion about proper
connections.
Teacher : Who understands connecting words?
Kids : I do, using conjunctions like and, or, because, if, etc.
Teacher : Good. Today, we delve into conjunctions in Snow White's story for writing.
Groups, explore their functions in sentences.
Kids : Where do we begin?
Teacher : Analyze how they work in dependent phrases or clauses, adding depth to
Their understanding.
Teacher answers kid queries on word connection, emphasizing dependence in
conjunction usage. Group discussions continue.
Teacher : Let's discuss conjunction functions. Who explains "and," "or," "but"?
SPA 15 : "And" connects similar phrases. Example: Snow White and the dwarfs dine
together.
Teacher : Excellent. What about "because," "if," "then"?
SPA 17 : "Because" states cause. Example: Stepmother traps the king because she
Craves the throne.
Teacher : Good. Now, "neither nor," "not only," "even though."
Kid : "Neither nor" denies events. Example: Neither Snow White nor her father
Knew the stepmother's intentions.
Teacher : Well, done. Keep going.
Kid : "Not only" emphasizes events. Example: Not only dwarfs but also the prince
witnessed Snow White's recovery.
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Teacher : Excellent. What about "even though"?
Kid : It expresses action despite obstacles. Example: Even though stepmother
married the king, she craved the throne.
Teacher : Very good. Now, "moreover" and "if so."
Kid : "Moreover" adds information. Example: Dwarfs treated Snow White kindly;
moreover, they considered her family.
Kid : "If so" states consequences. Example: If another woman is more beautiful,
stepmother will kill her.
Teacher : Fantastic! Kids grasped conjunction functions well. I'm pleased with their
Understanding.
Kids grasp conjunction concepts well, especially in Snow White's story. Minimal hurdles
are encountered. Combining "while" and "as" poses challenges, addressed through real-
event illustrations and TikTok-inspired symbolic demonstrations, successfully imitated by
kids. This section outlines strategies for teaching noun language features in Snow White's
story, emphasizing visual symbols.
Teacher : Where do nouns go in kamatz?
Kids : In subjects and objects, sir.
Teacher : Correct. They're also complements, appositives, possessives, and objects of
Prepositions. Give an example.
Kid : "Stepmother's character is rude." The dwarves went "to the woods."
Teacher : Excellent! Kids’ grasped the diverse functions of nouns well.
Groups likely answered next question on noun types.
Teacher : Let's discuss noun types. Explain proper, common, concrete, and abstract
Nouns.
Kid : Proper nouns are names like Snow White, common nouns are general,
Concrete refers to physical things, and abstract relates to concepts.
Teacher : Excellent. Now, countable, uncountable, and collective nouns.
Kid : Countable nouns can be counted individually, like glasses. Uncountable
Nouns, such as water, can't be counted. Collective nouns refer to groups, like
a family.
Teacher : Well done. Now, let's explore derivational, compound, gerund, infinitive, and
Zero-derived nouns.
Kid : Derivational nouns form with prefixes or suffixes, like "kindness." Compound
Nouns combine words, like "swimming pool." Gerund nouns are verbs
changed to -ing, like "swimming." Infinitive nouns form from verbs with "to,"
like "to run." Zero-derived nouns come from basic words, like "love."
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Teacher : Alhamdulillah, kids've mastered nouns well. Even those who remain silent are
Likely understanding.
Visual symbols enhance noun visualization; abstract nouns illustrated separately. 7th
meeting: Implementing visual symbols for verbs, collaborative learning, and language
mastery monitoring.
Teacher : Let's discuss verbs. Who can explain verb functions?
Kid : I'll try. In the second sentence, verbs explain subject activities.
Teacher : Correct. Now, types of verbs. Name them.
Kid : Regular, irregular, singular, verb-ing, auxiliary, modal, phrasal, linking,
action.
Teacher : Good. What about modal verbs?
Kid : Express ability, possibility, permission. Examples: must, should, can.
Teacher : Well done. Explain linking verbs.
Kid : Connect subject with predicate. Examples: feel, look, seem.
Teacher : Excellent. Now, transitive and intransitive verbs.
Kid : Transitive needs object, like take. Intransitive doesn't, like sleep.
Teacher : Perfect. Infinitive verbs, stative verbs?
Kid : Infinitive acts as noun, like dream. Stative describes state, like love.
Teacher : Subject-verb agreement?
Kid : Rules for using subject as verb in sentence.
Teacher : Great. Main verb, causative verb, finite verb, passive verb?
Kid : Main directly tells subject action. Finite influenced by tense. Passive formed
By past participle.
Teacher : Impressive. Relate concepts to Snow White for the test.
Kid : Sure, in the mid-term, we'll apply these in Snow White's story.
Teacher : Excellent, understand and apply.
Concrete verbs visualized; abstract verbs explained through quizzes in Snow White. Kids'
Verb problem mistakes mostly in abstract words; the average score 80 indicates improved
understanding, comparing in the pretest, its average is 73. Research continues with
retrospective analysis, focusing on conversations, group assignments, and kid learning
process development.
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Retrospective analysis
Retrospective analysis of 5 kid groups, focusing on language features understanding,
strategies, and problem-solving in group activities. Student in Retrospective Group (SRG)
1, top-performing kids, explain well in posttest. Actively engage, lead discussions, and
collaborate effectively in class.
SPA1 : Our answers differ.
Teacher : Where?
SRG1 : Method choice, sir. We used tenses as per teacher’s video.
Teacher : Explain the differences.
SRG1 : Past Continuous for long time, Past for particular time. Others used when
or while.
Teacher : Correct. Present Perfect ends in past, Past Perfect ongoing, crossing Past-
Present boundary.
SRG1 understands tenses, simplifying problem-solving in the final question. SRG1 excels
in pairing language features, understanding concepts, and providing accurate examples.
They also assist other groups effectively. SRG 2 excels in posttest marks, actively
participates, and comprehensively understands language features, visual symbols, and
question-solving.
Teacher : How do kids sort adjectives?
SRG2 : Using the process of making empal genthong, sorting from the back.
Teacher : Great. Any difficulty with adverb questions?
SRG2 : No, we followed teacher directions for adverbs' placement in sentences.
Teacher : Excellent. How about adverbs of manner?
SRG2 : Can be placed between subject and predicate, or after predicate or object.
Teacher : Impressive. They seem to grasp the concepts well.
Conversation in on show that SRG2 capable understand the concept well. Not only that,
SRG2 kids can even place each adverb correctly, sort adjectives correctly according to
the teacher's directions. Group 2 answered questions well, with few errors. They
collaborate effectively, seeking input, and asking questions without hesitation.
SRG3, a middle-performing group, actively engages, asks questions, and solves
language features questions effectively. They confidently share answers and methods,
demonstrating good understanding and consistent progress.
SRG3 : Sir, difference between linking word and conjunction?
Teacher : Conjunctions are linking words, include connectors, prepositions, pronouns.
Now, "when" vs. "if"?
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SRG3 : "When" for definite events, "if" for conditional events.
Teacher : Good. Gerund vs. past participle?
SRG3 : Gerund active, past participle passive.
Teacher : Impressive, mastered concepts well.
SRG3 grasps conjunctions and nouns; frequent questions, quick understanding from
teacher's guidance. Demonstrates progress in exercise questions. The picture above
shows that understanding of the concept SRG 3 is awake. This can be seen from when
SPM3 hook between every visual symbols with the type of language features and when
placing language features at points in sentences, and how they order language features
both adjectives and adverbs. Concept understanding achieved at this stage is that SRG3
is able to use the procedures that have been taught to solve problems in questions. SRG4
is a middle-performing, somewhat passive group with decent reasoning ability. They need
encouragement to express opinions, and the teacher prompts discussions to assess their
understanding.
Teacher : Do kids understand?
SRG4 : (Silence)
Lecture : Does anyone know how to make empal genthong or tofu?
SRG4 : Explain.
Teacher : First, prepare the meat. How do kids cut it?
SRG4 : With a knife, sir, using hands.
Teacher : Good. Describe the meat and cooking details.
SRG4 : Brown color, yellow broth, 100 ̊C. Cook for 5 minutes.
Teacher : How's the taste?
SRG4 : Delicious.
Teacher : Now sort adjectives for empal genthong.
SRG4 : Square, big, brown, yellow sauce, 100 ̊C, tastes good.
SRG4 understands adjectives sequence well after being prompted. His language features
mastery improves.
Teacher : Watched to-be and auxiliary verbs video?
SRG5 : Yes, for subjects he, she, it, use s/es. Subjects they, we, I, kids have no s/es.
Teacher : Understand Tenses scale?
SRG5 : Divided into past, present, future. Continuous indicated by straight line.
Teacher : If long line same point?
SRG5 : Present Tense, past event ongoing. Point in Past Tense, specific past time.
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Teacher : Curved lines meaning?
SRG5 : Past Perfect starts, ends in past. Present Perfect starts past, ongoing into
present.
Teacher : Well done, kids understand it.
SRG5 now understands Tenses, to-be, and auxiliary verb concepts with enthusiasm. Test
shows increased understanding; mistakes in epithet sentences, adverb placement
corrected, a promising improvement. Kids' correct oral answers show increased
understanding and mastery of language features. Likewise, the results of individual
written test correct answers show a sharp increase in mastery
CONCLUSION
Visual symbols, validated by semiotic experts and English language learning experts, are
said to be a very appropriate medium for improving mastery of English language features.
This is because the rectangular material is converted into visuals which makes it easier
for kids to absorb it, it lasts a long time in their brains and it is easy to recall memories of
the material (Weinstein, Y et al, 2018).. This is in line with the research results. During
the implementation of Vipicoll, in the trajectory and hypothesis stages which used Picture
and picture and Collaborative strategy, the teacher asked many things related to kids'
mastery of language features and they still seemed very confused and many of the
answers were still wrong, both direct oral answers and test answers. Written. After
implementation and retrospection, a lot of progress began to occur, with improvements
occurring from one meeting to the next. This increase in kids' correct answers, both oral
and written, and score progress comparing posttest and pretest prove that Vipicoll is very
effective for use as a model for learning language features, especially in stories.
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