In a milestone for India’s nuclear power production, the first indigenously-developed 700 MWe nuclear power reactor at the Kakrapar Atomic Power Project (KAPP) in Gujarat has started operations at full capacity.India's first indigenous nuclear power plant, the Kakrapar Atomic Power Project (KAPP), is operational in Gujarat's Surat district. Prime Minister Narendra Modi expressed joy during its launch on September 1 and commended the scientists and engineers in a social media post.

1. India’s 1st Indigenous
Nuclear Reactor
Presented by- Varsha Rai(50)
Nishal Pradhan(74)

3. Kakrapar Atomic power station

4. A 700 MW Power Plant can provide electricity upto 1,50,000-
2,00,000 households.
*Please note that this is a rough estimation,and actual figures
may vary based on various factors such as regional
consumption patterns and the efficiency of distribution
system.

6. Presently, the unit is operating at 90 percent of its
total power, he said. The Nuclear Power
Corporation of India Limited (NPCIL) is building
two 700 MW pressurised heavy water reactors
(PHWRs) at Kakrapar, which is also home to two
220 MW power plants.

7. Several types of Nuclear Reactors
 Pressurized Water reactors(PWRs)
 Boiling Water reactors(BWRs)
 Pressurized heavy water reactors(PHWRs)
 Advanced gas-cooled reactors(AGRs)
 Fast neutron reactors(FNRs)
 High-temperature gas-cooled reactors(HTGRs)
 Light water graphite reactors(LWGRs)

8. Around 85% of the water supplies globally
are classified as hard water to some degree.
Heavy water is often sourced from
underground aquifers or wells.
Hard water is commonly available in
many region around the world.

9. Pressuized Heavy water Reactors (PHWRs) Diagram

10. Reasons Why Pressurized Heavy Water Reactors (PHWRs) are important
1)Fuel Flexibility: PHWRs can use a type of fuel called natural uranium
which is easily available.
2.Safety:PHWRs are designed to be safe ,they have a special feature that
makes them automatically cool down.

11. 3.Stable Power Supply: PHWRs can adjust the amount of electricity they produce based on
the need of the power grid. This help in the keeping the power supply stable ,so that we
don’t have any sudden changes in electricity availability.
4.Produce useful things: PHWRs can do more than just produce electricity they can also make
useful things like medical Isotopes which are used for medical purposes like diagnosing and
treating diseases.
SPECT-CT SCAN

12. On April 6, 2023, the Atomic Energy Minister Dr.
Jitendra Singh announced in the Parliament that
the center has approved the plan of installation of
ten nuclear reactors in five states across India.07-
Apr-2023

13. Now ,to operate a large pressurized heavy water
reactors-based nuclear power plant ,a significant
amount of water is required.
Therefore ,such nuclear power plants are usually
constructed near river or reservoirs. Here are the
names of the rivers where these four reactors will be
built.
1.Gorakhpur,Haryana-Bhakra Main Line (BML) Canal
2.Chutka,Madhya Pradesh-Narmada River
3.Mahi Banswara ,Rajasthan-Mahi River
4.Kaiga,Karnataka-Kali River

14. CONCLUSION
Under the leadership of Prime minister Modi. India is currently on a
new trajectory rapidly developing in several important sectors in
defence sectors and there is rapid construction of highways & roads
to improve connectivity. But nuclear reactors are built at a fast pace
because energy is fundamental requirement for any task as nuclear
reactors are unmatched in term of generating power .The main
focus of Indian government is to progress & achieving self-reliance
in key areas of the betterment of the nation…