HOW TO DEVELOP A RESEARCH PROPOSAL (FOR RESEARCH SCHOLARS)
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The document provides a detailed guide on the process of creating a research proposal (synopsis) for dissertations and theses. It offers insights into the specific methods and procedures endorsed by various academic entities such as institutions, departments, and universities. This resource serves to illuminate the sequential steps required to develop a robust and well-structured research proposal tailored to meet academic standards and requirements.
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Introduction
In life, there are universal laws that govern everything we do. These laws are so perfect that if you were to align yourself with them, you could have so much prosperity that it would be coming out of your ears. This is because God created the universe in the image and likeness of him. It is failure to follow the universal laws that causes one to fail. The laws that were created consisted of the following: ·
Law of Gratitude: The Law of Gratitude states that you must show gratitude for what you have. By having gratitude, you speed your growth and success faster than you normally would. This is because if you appreciate the things you have, even if they are small things, you are open to receiving more.
Law of Attraction: The Law of Attraction states that if you focus your attention on something long enough you will get it. It all starts in the mind. You think of something and when you think of it, you manifest that in your life. This could be a mental picture of a check or actual cash, but you think about it with an image.
Law of Karma: the Law of Karma states that if you go out and do something bad, it will come back to you with something bad. If you do well for others, good things happen to you. The principle here is to know you can create good or bad through your actions. There will always be an effect no matter what.
Law of Love: the Law of Love states that love is more than emotion or feeling; it is energy. It has substance and can be felt. Love is also considered acceptance of oneself or others. This means that no matter what you do in life if you do not approach or leave the situation out of love, it won't work.
Law of Allowing: The Law of Allowing states that for us to get what we want, we must be receptive to it. We can't merely say to the Universe that we want something if we don't allow ourselves to receive it. This will defeat our purpose for wanting it in the first place.
Law of Vibration: the Law of Vibration states that if you wish on something and use your thoughts to visualize it, you are halfway there to get it. To complete the cycle you must use the Law of Vibration to feel part of what you want. Do this and you'll have anything you want in life.
For everything to function properly there has to be structure. Without structure, our world, or universe, would be in utter chaos. Successful people understand universal laws and apply them daily. They may not acknowledge that to you, but they do follow the laws. There is a higher power and this higher power controls the universe and what we get out of it. People who know this, but wish to direct their own lives, follow the reasons. Successful people don't sit around and say "I'll try," they say yes and act on it.
Chapter - 1
The Law of Attraction
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This document provides an overview of developing a research topic and proposal. It discusses determining a clearly defined research topic that highlights a problem. Important considerations for a research topic include being of interest, significant, researchable, feasible, practical, and focused. A theoretical or conceptual framework related to the topic should be developed. The proposal should convince reviewers that the project is viable. Key elements of a research proposal are discussed such as the problem statement, objectives, methodology, scope, rationale, and limitations. Guidelines are provided for formatting the research topic, proposal, and report.
Research methodology
This document discusses key aspects of research methodology, including:
- Defining a research problem, which refers to a difficulty a researcher wants to solve through theoretical or practical means. Important criteria include having alternatives and outcomes.
- Selecting a research problem by considering novelty, importance, resources, and other factors like time and costs.
- Developing a research design that details the means of collecting information and procedures for studying the problem based on objectives, resources, and the nature of the problem.
- Experimental design principles include replication, randomization, and control groups to test hypotheses scientifically.
Research protocol
This document outlines the key components of a research protocol, including identifying a health problem, formulating research questions and objectives, planning data collection and analysis, and drawing conclusions. It discusses that a research protocol provides a formal written plan and blueprint for conducting research. The major sections covered are introduction, research question/hypothesis, objectives, review of literature, materials and methods, sample size calculation, data collection plan, data analysis plan, implementation plan, ethical considerations, timeline, and references. The goal of a protocol is to clarify the research question and design a scientifically sound methodology to properly address the question.
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This document discusses using a literature-based research methodology for student dissertations. It outlines:
1) A constructionist approach to teaching and learning that encourages students to actively engage with research.
2) Key aspects of a literature-based dissertation including defining a research problem, reviewing relevant literature, using a structured methodology, and engaging students in the research process.
3) Components of a literature-based methodology such as sampling strategies, data collection tools for reviewing literature, and analyzing data thematically while considering disciplinary and professional contexts.
Research Proposal Preparation
The document provides an overview of preparing a research proposal, including key sections. It discusses the importance of properly defining the research problem and designing the study through determining appropriate methods, sampling techniques, and data analysis procedures. The main components of an effective research proposal are outlined as the title, introduction, statement of the problem, procedures, time/cost estimates, and appendices.
CHAPTER 4 WRITING STRATEGIES AND ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONSBefore
CHAPTER 4 WRITING STRATEGIES AND ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS
Before designing a proposal, it is important to have an idea of the general structure or outline of the topics and their order. The structure will differ depending on whether you write a quantitative, qualitative, or a mixed methods project. Another general consideration is to be aware of good writing practices that will help to ensure a consistent and highly readable proposal (or research project). Throughout the project, it is important to engage in ethical practices and to anticipate the ethical issues prior to the study that will likely arise. This chapter provides guidance for the overall structure of proposals or projects, writing practices that make projects easy to read, and ethical issues that need to be anticipated in research studies.
WRITING THE PROPOSAL
Arguments Presented in a Proposal
It is helpful to consider early in planning the study the major points that need to be addressed in a proposal. These points—or topics—all need to be interconnected to provide a cohesive picture of the entire project. For us, these topics seem to span all proposals, whether the project is qualitative, quantitative, or mixed methods. We think that a good place to start is by examining Maxwell’s (2013) list of the core arguments that need to be advanced in any proposal. We will summarize them in our own words:
What do readers need to better understand your topic?
What do readers need to know about your topic?
What do you propose to study?
What is the setting, and who are the people you will study?
What methods do you plan to use to collect data?
How will you analyze the data?
How will you validate your findings?
What ethical issues will your study present?
What do preliminary results show about the practicability and value of the proposed study?
These nine questions, if adequately addressed in one section for each question, constitute the foundation of good research, and they could provide the overall structure for a proposal. The inclusion of validating findings, ethical considerations (to be addressed shortly), the need for preliminary results, and early evidence of practical significance focus a reader’s attention on key elements often overlooked in discussions about proposed projects.
Format for a Qualitative Proposal
Beyond these nine questions, it is also helpful to have an overall outline or general structure for topics that will be included in a proposal for a study. Unquestionably, in qualitative research, no one structure for a qualitative proposal prevails. We do think, however, that a couple of general outlines would be helpful, especially for the student who has never written a thesis or dissertation project. Here we propose two alternative models. Example 4.1 is drawn from a constructivist/interpretivist perspective whereas Example 4.2 is based more on a participatory–social justice model of qualitative research.
Example 4.1A Qualitative Constructivist/Interpretivist Format
...
RESEARCH PROPOSAL
This document provides guidance on developing an effective research proposal. It explains that a proposal communicates the research problem and planned methodology to obtain approval and funding. Key sections include an introduction outlining the research problem, a literature review establishing the significance of the problem, objectives and hypotheses to be tested, methodology describing the research design and procedures, a work plan and budget, and qualifications of researchers. High-quality proposals have a clearly defined problem, methodology suitable to address the research questions, and convince reviewers of the importance and feasibility of the study.
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2. Conducting a literature review to understand previous work.
3. Defining clear objectives based on gaps in knowledge.
4. Developing a methodology to achieve the objectives, including study design.
5. Stating a hypothesis or research question.
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This document provides an agenda for a one week faculty development program on research methodology and intellectual property rights. It includes an introduction to research concepts like problem definition, setting research objectives, research design, and sampling techniques. The document defines what research is, discusses the key components of a research process and different research strategies like surveys, experiments, case studies, etc. It also explains the difference between research methods and methodology, and highlights the importance of properly defining the research problem and setting clear objectives.
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Introduction
In life, there are universal laws that govern everything we do. These laws are so perfect that if you were to align yourself with them, you could have so much prosperity that it would be coming out of your ears. This is because God created the universe in the image and likeness of him. It is failure to follow the universal laws that causes one to fail. The laws that were created consisted of the following: ·
Law of Gratitude: The Law of Gratitude states that you must show gratitude for what you have. By having gratitude, you speed your growth and success faster than you normally would. This is because if you appreciate the things you have, even if they are small things, you are open to receiving more.
Law of Attraction: The Law of Attraction states that if you focus your attention on something long enough you will get it. It all starts in the mind. You think of something and when you think of it, you manifest that in your life. This could be a mental picture of a check or actual cash, but you think about it with an image.
Law of Karma: the Law of Karma states that if you go out and do something bad, it will come back to you with something bad. If you do well for others, good things happen to you. The principle here is to know you can create good or bad through your actions. There will always be an effect no matter what.
Law of Love: the Law of Love states that love is more than emotion or feeling; it is energy. It has substance and can be felt. Love is also considered acceptance of oneself or others. This means that no matter what you do in life if you do not approach or leave the situation out of love, it won't work.
Law of Allowing: The Law of Allowing states that for us to get what we want, we must be receptive to it. We can't merely say to the Universe that we want something if we don't allow ourselves to receive it. This will defeat our purpose for wanting it in the first place.
Law of Vibration: the Law of Vibration states that if you wish on something and use your thoughts to visualize it, you are halfway there to get it. To complete the cycle you must use the Law of Vibration to feel part of what you want. Do this and you'll have anything you want in life.
For everything to function properly there has to be structure. Without structure, our world, or universe, would be in utter chaos. Successful people understand universal laws and apply them daily. They may not acknowledge that to you, but they do follow the laws. There is a higher power and this higher power controls the universe and what we get out of it. People who know this, but wish to direct their own lives, follow the reasons. Successful people don't sit around and say "I'll try," they say yes and act on it.
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This document discusses the principles of scientific research. It defines research as a detailed study to discover new information or reach a new understanding. It describes the key components of a research proposal, including the purpose, aims, methods, timeline and budget. It outlines the steps of the scientific method as developing a question, formulating a hypothesis, and designing experiments to test the hypothesis. The document also discusses how to write a research thesis, including sections for the abstract, introduction, methods, results, discussion and references. It emphasizes statistical analysis of results and the roles of the supervisor in advising the researcher.
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Developing Research Proposal
This document provides an overview of developing a research topic and proposal. It discusses determining a clearly defined research topic that highlights a problem. Important considerations for a research topic include being of interest, significant, researchable, feasible, practical, and focused. A theoretical or conceptual framework related to the topic should be developed. The proposal should convince reviewers that the project is viable. Key elements of a research proposal are discussed such as the problem statement, objectives, methodology, scope, rationale, and limitations. Guidelines are provided for formatting the research topic, proposal, and report.
Research methodology
This document discusses key aspects of research methodology, including:
- Defining a research problem, which refers to a difficulty a researcher wants to solve through theoretical or practical means. Important criteria include having alternatives and outcomes.
- Selecting a research problem by considering novelty, importance, resources, and other factors like time and costs.
- Developing a research design that details the means of collecting information and procedures for studying the problem based on objectives, resources, and the nature of the problem.
- Experimental design principles include replication, randomization, and control groups to test hypotheses scientifically.
Research protocol
This document outlines the key components of a research protocol, including identifying a health problem, formulating research questions and objectives, planning data collection and analysis, and drawing conclusions. It discusses that a research protocol provides a formal written plan and blueprint for conducting research. The major sections covered are introduction, research question/hypothesis, objectives, review of literature, materials and methods, sample size calculation, data collection plan, data analysis plan, implementation plan, ethical considerations, timeline, and references. The goal of a protocol is to clarify the research question and design a scientifically sound methodology to properly address the question.
Literature Based Research Methodology
This document discusses using a literature-based research methodology for student dissertations. It outlines:
1) A constructionist approach to teaching and learning that encourages students to actively engage with research.
2) Key aspects of a literature-based dissertation including defining a research problem, reviewing relevant literature, using a structured methodology, and engaging students in the research process.
3) Components of a literature-based methodology such as sampling strategies, data collection tools for reviewing literature, and analyzing data thematically while considering disciplinary and professional contexts.
Research Proposal Preparation
The document provides an overview of preparing a research proposal, including key sections. It discusses the importance of properly defining the research problem and designing the study through determining appropriate methods, sampling techniques, and data analysis procedures. The main components of an effective research proposal are outlined as the title, introduction, statement of the problem, procedures, time/cost estimates, and appendices.
CHAPTER 4 WRITING STRATEGIES AND ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONSBefore
CHAPTER 4 WRITING STRATEGIES AND ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS
Before designing a proposal, it is important to have an idea of the general structure or outline of the topics and their order. The structure will differ depending on whether you write a quantitative, qualitative, or a mixed methods project. Another general consideration is to be aware of good writing practices that will help to ensure a consistent and highly readable proposal (or research project). Throughout the project, it is important to engage in ethical practices and to anticipate the ethical issues prior to the study that will likely arise. This chapter provides guidance for the overall structure of proposals or projects, writing practices that make projects easy to read, and ethical issues that need to be anticipated in research studies.
WRITING THE PROPOSAL
Arguments Presented in a Proposal
It is helpful to consider early in planning the study the major points that need to be addressed in a proposal. These points—or topics—all need to be interconnected to provide a cohesive picture of the entire project. For us, these topics seem to span all proposals, whether the project is qualitative, quantitative, or mixed methods. We think that a good place to start is by examining Maxwell’s (2013) list of the core arguments that need to be advanced in any proposal. We will summarize them in our own words:
What do readers need to better understand your topic?
What do readers need to know about your topic?
What do you propose to study?
What is the setting, and who are the people you will study?
What methods do you plan to use to collect data?
How will you analyze the data?
How will you validate your findings?
What ethical issues will your study present?
What do preliminary results show about the practicability and value of the proposed study?
These nine questions, if adequately addressed in one section for each question, constitute the foundation of good research, and they could provide the overall structure for a proposal. The inclusion of validating findings, ethical considerations (to be addressed shortly), the need for preliminary results, and early evidence of practical significance focus a reader’s attention on key elements often overlooked in discussions about proposed projects.
Format for a Qualitative Proposal
Beyond these nine questions, it is also helpful to have an overall outline or general structure for topics that will be included in a proposal for a study. Unquestionably, in qualitative research, no one structure for a qualitative proposal prevails. We do think, however, that a couple of general outlines would be helpful, especially for the student who has never written a thesis or dissertation project. Here we propose two alternative models. Example 4.1 is drawn from a constructivist/interpretivist perspective whereas Example 4.2 is based more on a participatory–social justice model of qualitative research.
Example 4.1A Qualitative Constructivist/Interpretivist Format
...
RESEARCH PROPOSAL
This document provides guidance on developing an effective research proposal. It explains that a proposal communicates the research problem and planned methodology to obtain approval and funding. Key sections include an introduction outlining the research problem, a literature review establishing the significance of the problem, objectives and hypotheses to be tested, methodology describing the research design and procedures, a work plan and budget, and qualifications of researchers. High-quality proposals have a clearly defined problem, methodology suitable to address the research questions, and convince reviewers of the importance and feasibility of the study.
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Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
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Chapter 5
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Chapter 6
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HOW TO DEVELOP A RESEARCH PROPOSAL (FOR RESEARCH SCHOLARS)
- 1. COURSE WORK-I RESEARCH METHODOLOGIES PRESENTATION BY Ms. Rabiya Husain DPESS, University of Delhi UNIVERSITY OF DELHI DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION & SPORTS SCIENCES EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH DESIGN IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION (DPESS-II) TOPIC: Developing Research Proposal
- 2. OVERVIEW 01 Research Proposal 03 Describing the Method 04 The Proposal Process 02 Developing a Good Introduction
- 3. RESEARCH PROPOSAL CAREFUL & EXHAUSTIVE INVESTIGATION OF A PHENOMENON OBJECTIVE- ADVANCE KNOWLEDGE (Ahuja, 2001,p.19) PLAN; IDEA; ACTION; SUGGESTION (Cambridge Dictionary)
- 4. Consists of: Definition Scope Significance Methodology PLANNING STRATEGY TO CONDUCT RESEARCH (Ahuja, 2001,p.120)
- 5. Journal Format Introduction Method Tables Figures Appendixes Four Section Thesis (Intro., Method, Result, Discussion) Introduction Method Five Section Thesis (Intro., Review of Lit., Method, Result, Discussion) Introduction Review of Literature (Review concepts & theories; previous research findings) Method
- 6. FIVE SECTION THESIS INTRODUCTION REVIEW OF THE RELATED LITERATURE PROCEDURE My Research Proposal (Table of Contents)
- 7. DEVELOPING A GOOD INTRODUCTION Should include- Basis background information. 1. Rationale of the study 2. Statement of the problem 3. Objectives of the study 4. Delimitations of the study 5. Limitations of the study 6. Hypothesis of the study 7. Definition & explanation of variables & terms 8. Significance of the study 9. Written in such a form that it convinces the committee. Should attract the reader's interest.
- 8. BASIS BACKGROUND INFORMATION RATIONALE OF THE STUDY STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY Provided by review of related literature & critique of previous researchs Need & requirement of the particular study Concise statement of the problem, must be defined unambiguously What the researcher is trying to achieve
- 9. DELIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY HYPOTHESIS OF THE STUDY SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY Boundaries set by the researcher for the study (gender, age, sample size, etc) Characteristics of design that influence the interpretations of findings Preliminary, tentative organization of facts in a meaningful way. To be tested & accepted or rejected. Outcomings of the research, justification of importance of the work/study/research done. Contribution to knowledge
- 10. Describes the procedure that will be followed for data collection in terms of- Samples (size, gender, age, special considerations 1. Protection of participant's rights and privacy 2. Methods of obtaining measurements (validity & reliability) 3. Procedure that will be followed for data collection (different for all the studies) 4. Statistical Techniques 5. DESCRIBING THE METHOD Example: Experimental Research
- 11. THE PROPOSAL PROCESS Research Proposal Committee approves, approves with modification or disapproves Prepare research proposal according to the recommended modifications Format Proposal: -spelling checker -good quality print -format a/c to the dep. or journal requirement Final meeting (be prepared for the questions related to the study)
- 12. REFERENCES Ahuja, R. (2001). Research Methods. New Delhi: Rawat Publications Kothari, C. R. (2004). Research Methodology: Methods and Techniques. 2nd Revised Edition. New Delhi: New Age International (P) Limited, Publishers Thomas, J.R., Nelson, J.K., & Silverman, S.J. (2011). Research Methods in Physical Activity (6th ed.). United States of America, Human Kinetics Publishers. Cambridge Dictionary. Proposal. Retrieved from https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/proposal on 26.01.2022