Презентация содержит основные фрагменты исследования одного из классиков урбанистики Амоса Рапопорта. Автор исследует взаимосвязь культуры и форм жилых домов.
Презентация содержит основные фрагменты исследования одного из классиков урбанистики Амоса Рапопорта. Автор исследует взаимосвязь культуры и форм жилых домов.
Historically architecture has likened the city as an organism and looked to nature for design inspiration. Until recently the tools that have enabled architects to engage with what R. Buckminster Fuller called the ‘drivers of biology’, have not been available and architects use biological systems in a symbolic way called biological ‘formalism’ where aesthetics are prioritized over function. Recent developments in Synthetic Biology, which were demonstrated at Artificial Life XI suggested it was possible to design and engineer materials that meet the requirements necessary for a new generation of smart materials.
In this era of concrete, let's understand the impact on the environment and revive the old technique, construction and make the environment pollution-free.
Historically architecture has likened the city as an organism and looked to nature for design inspiration. Until recently the tools that have enabled architects to engage with what R. Buckminster Fuller called the ‘drivers of biology’, have not been available and architects use biological systems in a symbolic way called biological ‘formalism’ where aesthetics are prioritized over function. Recent developments in Synthetic Biology, which were demonstrated at Artificial Life XI suggested it was possible to design and engineer materials that meet the requirements necessary for a new generation of smart materials.
In this era of concrete, let's understand the impact on the environment and revive the old technique, construction and make the environment pollution-free.
“Decarbonising cities” – Prof Lucelia Rodrigues, University of NottinghamKyungeun Sung
“Decarbonising cities” – Prof Lucelia Rodrigues, University of Nottingham, presenting at the Net Zero Conference 2022, ‘Research Journeys in/to Net Zero: Current and Future Research Leaders in the Midlands, UK’ (on Friday 24th June 2022 at De Montfort University)
ViewShift: Hassle-free Dynamic Policy Enforcement for Every Data LakeWalaa Eldin Moustafa
Dynamic policy enforcement is becoming an increasingly important topic in today’s world where data privacy and compliance is a top priority for companies, individuals, and regulators alike. In these slides, we discuss how LinkedIn implements a powerful dynamic policy enforcement engine, called ViewShift, and integrates it within its data lake. We show the query engine architecture and how catalog implementations can automatically route table resolutions to compliance-enforcing SQL views. Such views have a set of very interesting properties: (1) They are auto-generated from declarative data annotations. (2) They respect user-level consent and preferences (3) They are context-aware, encoding a different set of transformations for different use cases (4) They are portable; while the SQL logic is only implemented in one SQL dialect, it is accessible in all engines.
#SQL #Views #Privacy #Compliance #DataLake
Enhanced Enterprise Intelligence with your personal AI Data Copilot.pdfGetInData
Recently we have observed the rise of open-source Large Language Models (LLMs) that are community-driven or developed by the AI market leaders, such as Meta (Llama3), Databricks (DBRX) and Snowflake (Arctic). On the other hand, there is a growth in interest in specialized, carefully fine-tuned yet relatively small models that can efficiently assist programmers in day-to-day tasks. Finally, Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) architectures have gained a lot of traction as the preferred approach for LLMs context and prompt augmentation for building conversational SQL data copilots, code copilots and chatbots.
In this presentation, we will show how we built upon these three concepts a robust Data Copilot that can help to democratize access to company data assets and boost performance of everyone working with data platforms.
Why do we need yet another (open-source ) Copilot?
How can we build one?
Architecture and evaluation
06-04-2024 - NYC Tech Week - Discussion on Vector Databases, Unstructured Data and AI
Discussion on Vector Databases, Unstructured Data and AI
https://www.meetup.com/unstructured-data-meetup-new-york/
This meetup is for people working in unstructured data. Speakers will come present about related topics such as vector databases, LLMs, and managing data at scale. The intended audience of this group includes roles like machine learning engineers, data scientists, data engineers, software engineers, and PMs.This meetup was formerly Milvus Meetup, and is sponsored by Zilliz maintainers of Milvus.
06-04-2024 - NYC Tech Week - Discussion on Vector Databases, Unstructured Data and AI
Round table discussion of vector databases, unstructured data, ai, big data, real-time, robots and Milvus.
A lively discussion with NJ Gen AI Meetup Lead, Prasad and Procure.FYI's Co-Found
Techniques to optimize the pagerank algorithm usually fall in two categories. One is to try reducing the work per iteration, and the other is to try reducing the number of iterations. These goals are often at odds with one another. Skipping computation on vertices which have already converged has the potential to save iteration time. Skipping in-identical vertices, with the same in-links, helps reduce duplicate computations and thus could help reduce iteration time. Road networks often have chains which can be short-circuited before pagerank computation to improve performance. Final ranks of chain nodes can be easily calculated. This could reduce both the iteration time, and the number of iterations. If a graph has no dangling nodes, pagerank of each strongly connected component can be computed in topological order. This could help reduce the iteration time, no. of iterations, and also enable multi-iteration concurrency in pagerank computation. The combination of all of the above methods is the STICD algorithm. [sticd] For dynamic graphs, unchanged components whose ranks are unaffected can be skipped altogether.
The Building Blocks of QuestDB, a Time Series Databasejavier ramirez
Talk Delivered at Valencia Codes Meetup 2024-06.
Traditionally, databases have treated timestamps just as another data type. However, when performing real-time analytics, timestamps should be first class citizens and we need rich time semantics to get the most out of our data. We also need to deal with ever growing datasets while keeping performant, which is as fun as it sounds.
It is no wonder time-series databases are now more popular than ever before. Join me in this session to learn about the internal architecture and building blocks of QuestDB, an open source time-series database designed for speed. We will also review a history of some of the changes we have gone over the past two years to deal with late and unordered data, non-blocking writes, read-replicas, or faster batch ingestion.
Adjusting primitives for graph : SHORT REPORT / NOTESSubhajit Sahu
Graph algorithms, like PageRank Compressed Sparse Row (CSR) is an adjacency-list based graph representation that is
Multiply with different modes (map)
1. Performance of sequential execution based vs OpenMP based vector multiply.
2. Comparing various launch configs for CUDA based vector multiply.
Sum with different storage types (reduce)
1. Performance of vector element sum using float vs bfloat16 as the storage type.
Sum with different modes (reduce)
1. Performance of sequential execution based vs OpenMP based vector element sum.
2. Performance of memcpy vs in-place based CUDA based vector element sum.
3. Comparing various launch configs for CUDA based vector element sum (memcpy).
4. Comparing various launch configs for CUDA based vector element sum (in-place).
Sum with in-place strategies of CUDA mode (reduce)
1. Comparing various launch configs for CUDA based vector element sum (in-place).
Levelwise PageRank with Loop-Based Dead End Handling Strategy : SHORT REPORT ...Subhajit Sahu
Abstract — Levelwise PageRank is an alternative method of PageRank computation which decomposes the input graph into a directed acyclic block-graph of strongly connected components, and processes them in topological order, one level at a time. This enables calculation for ranks in a distributed fashion without per-iteration communication, unlike the standard method where all vertices are processed in each iteration. It however comes with a precondition of the absence of dead ends in the input graph. Here, the native non-distributed performance of Levelwise PageRank was compared against Monolithic PageRank on a CPU as well as a GPU. To ensure a fair comparison, Monolithic PageRank was also performed on a graph where vertices were split by components. Results indicate that Levelwise PageRank is about as fast as Monolithic PageRank on the CPU, but quite a bit slower on the GPU. Slowdown on the GPU is likely caused by a large submission of small workloads, and expected to be non-issue when the computation is performed on massive graphs.
STATATHON: Unleashing the Power of Statistics in a 48-Hour Knowledge Extravag...sameer shah
"Join us for STATATHON, a dynamic 2-day event dedicated to exploring statistical knowledge and its real-world applications. From theory to practice, participants engage in intensive learning sessions, workshops, and challenges, fostering a deeper understanding of statistical methodologies and their significance in various fields."
Analysis insight about a Flyball dog competition team's performanceroli9797
Insight of my analysis about a Flyball dog competition team's last year performance. Find more: https://github.com/rolandnagy-ds/flyball_race_analysis/tree/main
2. Summary
3DBuildingPrint is not only the only faster, more efficient, less labor intensive, ecologically-friendly, 0% waste product
and with less chance of human error – It is also more cost effective
2
Left graph shows the costs for a model 4 bedded house (216 m2), split by the
major areas of expenditure expressed as a percentage of the total build cost
of £115,000.
The superstructure element of the work is by far the most in cash terms. The
major elements of this have been shown in the graph.
The superstructure costs total £37,800 or 33% of the total outlay.
It is predominantly in this area where the 3D printing solution can generate
savings.
3DBuildingPrint use a methodology whereby the "shell" of the house is constructed within a couple of days
This cuts down the on-site labour cost significantly as we are able to deliver the finished article in between 6-9 weeks
£17,186
£13,749
£26,352
£17,186
£37,809
£17,990
£-
£20,000
£40,000
£60,000
£80,000
£100,000
Traditional 3D Print
Super Structure
Finishes
Groundworks
Preliminaries
Electrics
Plumbing & Heating
Professional Fees
Room By Room
£114 574
£76 423
13 7
20
14
14
7
24
20
18
7
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Traditional 3D Print
Super Structure
Finishes
Groundworks
Preliminaries
Electrics
Plumbing & Heating
Professional Fees
Room By Room
98
62
– £38 151
– 36 days
* -– All calculations will be provided on next pages
Costs reduced by 33%* Days reduced by 37%*
£10,312
£8,020
£4,583
£5,729
£4,583
£17,186
£26,352
Superstructure
£37 809
Room By Room
Professional Fees
Plumbing & Heating
Electrics
Preliminaries
Groundworks
Finishes
Super Structure
3. House specification for cost comparisons
3
Slab 12 000 8 000
Height, mm Length, mm
Front elevation 150 12 000 150
Right elevation 8 000
Rear elevation 12 000
Left elevation 8 000
Front elevation Side elevation
Single floor 12 000 8 000
Height, mm Length, mm
Front elevation 5 400 12 000
Right elevation 8 000
Rear elevation 12 000
5 400
Left elevation 8 000
Front elevation Side elevation
Footings 14 000 10 000
Height, mm Length, mm
Front elevation 300 14 000
300
Right elevation 10 000
Rear elevation 14 000
Left elevation 10 000
We will be considering an large house, which measures an area of 5.4m X 40m = 216 m2
4. Costs of main resources
Bricks parameters1
Height 0,065
Length 0,215
Width 0,1025
Price per 1 unit £ 0,44
Bricks in pack 1 000
Price for pack £ 440,00
Mortar Parameters2
Quantity of bricks for calculations 500
Volume per 500 bricks, m3 0,33
Volume in unit, m3 0,33
Price per 1 unit £ 28,00
Concrete Parameters3
Price per 1 m3 £ 85,00
Bricklayers parameters4
Price per day £ 180,00
Bricks per day 500
4
Standard house building
Assumptions
Building productivity
Method Units Productivity
Bricklayers bricks/day 500
1 - http://www.wickes.co.uk/Wickes-Engineering-Bricks-Red-65mm-Class-B/p/213642
2 - https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwit2t_Y5P3KAhXH2hoKHRkJBpoQFggtMAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kellys.uk.com%2Fcontent%2Fdownload.asp%3Fid%3D193&usg=AFQ
jCNFY7WKw3Tf3KcwfQzuLhtDdvdbT8g&sig2=3cQcCNcvvHlRfKWrBeql2A
3 - http://www.lets-do-diy.com/Projects-and-advice/Concrete-work/Average-ready-mix-concrete-cost.aspx
4 -
Costs Unit Price per unit/day Quantity for day
Bricklayers persons £ 180,00 2
3D Printer Operator persons £ 250,00 2
Labourer persons £ 120,00 1
Foreman persons £ 250,00 1
5. Materials for Super Structure for Traditional Building
Super Structure Height, m Length, m Width, m
Traditional building
Bricks required
Mortar
required, tubesBricks in a row Bricks req. for height
Bricks req.
for length
Total of
bricks
Total for external of house 15 708
First Slab 0,15 12,00 8,00
First floor 5,40 40,00 0,30 2 84 187 15 708
Front elevation 12,00
Right elevation 8,00
Rear elevation 12,00
Left elevation 8,00
Footings 0,30 14,00 10,00
Total for internal of house 7 896
First floor internal wall 5,40 20,00 0,10 1 84 94 7 896
Total for house 23 604 49,57
Waste 5% 24 784 52,05
Rounding Total 25 000 53,00
5
Standard house building
Calculations of resources and duration
A single or double story building measured from the top of the foundation over 3m will be legally required to be a double skin wall
(Pavement Expert 2015). This project will be building a house of the height of 5.4 meters and will therefore require double skin
masonry.
A double skinned wall for a 4 bedroom house will use approximately 23,500 bricks, this will amount to 24 packs plus an additional pack
Bricks are achieved by the use of concrete or mortar, whilst the area to cover is 216m2 this can done from a range of prices. Mortar is a
commonly used in construction as it can be a thicker bonding agent. We will need about 53 tubes of mortar 0,33m3 each
An average brick layer is priced at 180 per day. The average amount of bricks laid per person is 500 per day
The average amount of brick layers needed is 2 which average a daily brick laid count of 1,000
In accordance with the above productivity, superstructure will be built in 27 days
6. Building costs for Traditional Building
Costs Unit
Price per
unit
Quantity Traditional building
% of
costs
Super Structure £ 37 809 33%
Walls, Footings and Slab Costs £ 17 584 15%
Concrete for Footing and Slab m3 £ 85,00 60,00 £ 5 100 4%
Bricks pack of brick £ 440,00 25,00 £ 11 000 10%
Mortar tube £ 28,00 53,00 £ 1 484 1%
Labour £ 19 710 17%
Bricklayers persons £ 180,00 2*27 £ 9 720 8%
Labourer persons £ 120,00 1*27 £ 3 240 3%
Foreman persons £ 250,00 1*27 £ 6 750 6%
Other Resources 1 £ 515 0%
Professional Fees £ 8 020 7%
Groundworks £ 17 186 15%
Plumbing & Heating £ 4 583 4%
Electrics £ 5 729 5%
Finishes £ 26 352 23%
Room By Room £ 10 312 9%
Preliminaries £ 4 583 4%
Total House Cost £ 114 574 100%
6
As we can see below the costs for a model 4 bedded house (216 m2) will be about of £115,000
The superstructure element of the work is the most in cash terms, at costs of total £37,800 or 33% of the total outlay
£115,000 is lower limit for a such house, therefore our comparing will be close to real
Precise project calculations can be carried out in the near future, in the next stages
But basing on this calculation we can compare Traditional building and 3D Print technology
Standard house building
Total building costs for traditional building
Super
Structure
£37 809
Professional
Fees
£8 020
Groundworks
£17 186
Plumbing &
Heating
£4 583
Electrics
£5 729
Finishes
£26 352
Room By
Room
£10 312
Preliminaries
£4 583
7. 7
3D Print house building
Calculations of resources and duration
Basing on previous assumptions and count that 3D Printer productivity is about 20 m3 per day we can calculate resources
and costs for 3D printed house
Materials for Super Structure for Traditional Building and 3D Print
Super Structure Height, m Length, m Width, m
3D Print
Concrete required, m3
Total for external of house 121,20
First Slab 0,15 12,00 8,00 14,40
First floor 5,40 40,00 0,30 64,80
Front elevation 12,00
Right elevation 8,00
Rear elevation 12,00
Left elevation 8,00
Footings 0,30 14,00 10,00 42,00
Total for internal of house 10,80
First floor internal wall 5,40 20,00 0,10 10,80
Total for house 132,00
Waste 5% 138,60
Rounding Total 140,00
For double skinned wall for a 4 bedroom house we will use 300 mm concrete walls – so it will be about 140 m3 of material
Basing on 3D Printer productivity we can count duration of building (printing) process
It’s about 7 days instead of 27 for traditional building
8. Building costs for 3D Print
Costs Unit
Price per
unit
Quantity 3D Print
% of
costs
Super Structure £ 17 990 24%
Walls, Footings and Slab Costs £ 11 900 16%
Concrete for External and Internal walls m3 £ 85,00 80,00 £ 6 800 9%
Concrete for Footing and Slab m3 £ 85,00 60,00 £ 5 100 7%
Labour £ 6 090 8%
3D Printer Operator persons £ 250,00 2 £ 3 500 5%
Labourer persons £ 120,00 1 £ 840 1%
Foreman persons £ 250,00 1 £ 1 750 2%
Professional Fees £ 8 020 10%
Groundworks £ 13 749 18%
Plumbing & Heating £ 3 437 4%
Electrics £ 3 437 4%
Finishes £ 17 186 22%
Room By Room £ 10 312 13%
Preliminaries £ 2 291 3%
Total House Cost £ 76 423 100%
8
3D Print house building
Total building costs for 3D print building
As we can see below the costs for a model 4 bedded house (216 m2) will be about of £76,500
The superstructure element of the work is the still most in cash terms, but it costs already £18,000 or 24% of the total outlay
Super
Structure
£17 990
Professional
Fees
£8 020
Groundworks
£13 749
Plumbing &
Heating
£3 437
Electrics
£3 437
Finishes
£17 186
Room By
Room
£10 312
Preliminaries
£2 291
9. 9
Comparisons – traditional build and 3D printing
Total building costs, durations and savings for 3D print building
Building costs for Traditional Building and 3D Print
Costs Unit
Price per
unit
Quantity
Traditional building 3D Print Saving
Cash % Days Cash % Days ₤ %
Super Structure £ 37 809 33% 18 £ 17 990 24% 7 £ 19 819 52% 11
Walls, Footings and Slab Costs £ 17 584 15% £ 11 900 16% £ 5 684 32%
Concrete for walls m3 £ 85,00 80,00 0% £ 6 800 9%
Concrete for Footing and Slab m3 £ 85,00 60,00 £ 5 100 4% £ 5 100 7%
Bricks pack of brick £ 440,00 25,00 £ 11 000 10% 0%
Mortar tube £ 28,00 53,00 £ 1 484 1% 0%
Labour £ 19 710 17% £ 6 090 8% £ 13 620 69%
Bricklayers persons £ 180,00 2 £ 9 720 8% £ - 0%
3D Printer Operator persons £ 250,00 2 £ - 0% £ 3 500 5%
Labourer persons £ 120,00 1 £ 3 240 3% £ 840 1%
Foreman persons £ 250,00 1 £ 6 750 6% £ 1 750 2%
Other Resuorсes 1 £ 515 0% £ - 0% £ 515 100% 0
Professional Fees £ 8 020 7% 1 £ 8 020 10% 1 £ - 0% 0
Groundworks £ 17 186 15% 14 £ 13 749 18% 7 £ 3 437 20% 7
Plumbing & Heating £ 4 583 4% 13 £ 3 437 4% 7 £ 1 146 25% 6
Electrics £ 5 729 5% 20 £ 3 437 4% 14 £ 2 291 40% 6
Finishes £ 26 352 23% 24 £ 17 186 22% 20 £ 9 166 35% 4
Room By Room £ 10 312 9% 1 £ 10 312 13% 1 £ - 0% 0
Preliminaries £ 4 583 4% 7 £ 2 291 3% 5 £ 2 291 50% 2
Total House Cost £ 114 574 100% 98 £ 76 423 100% 62 £ 38 151 33% 36
As we can see below savings for a model 4 bedded house (216 m2) will be about of £38,000
The superstructure element of the work saves about £20,000 or 50% of the total savings, it is mostly labour savings
10. 10
Comparisons – traditional build and 3D printing
Total building costs, durations and savings for 3D print building
• Above are cost comparisons for traditional build and 3D printing, below – visualization of it
• In this simple modeling case we look at good efficiency of 3D printing technology:
– Less materials costs
– Less days for superstructure works
– Less days we need specialists on site, less labour costs
– Less chances for human errors
• Now we estimate costs on a typical 4 bedded traditional house can be reduced by £38k or 33% and this can be
further reduced as we develop this concept to design houses where the "printer" can perform the construction of
roofs and foundations
• This is a significant step in reducing both cost and time so allowing people to move into a property much earlier than
previously possible and improving any rental income stream if the house is being developed as a "buy to let"
This technology is here now and is definitely the future
£17,186
£13,749
£26,352
£17,186
£37,809
£17,990
£-
£20,000
£40,000
£60,000
£80,000
£100,000
Traditional 3D Print
Super Structure
Finishes
Groundworks
Preliminaries
Electrics
Plumbing & Heating
Professional Fees
Room By Room
£114 574
£76 423
13 7
20
14
14
7
24
20
18
7
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Traditional 3D Print
Super Structure
Finishes
Groundworks
Preliminaries
Electrics
Plumbing & Heating
Professional Fees
Room By Room
98
62
– £38 151
– 36 days
Costs reduced by 31%* Days reduced by 37%*
11. • Site maintenance (toilets, health and safety on site, acoustic walls and machinery)
– Typically a middle house constructed using traditional methodology takes 34 weeks to build. This timeline is driven by a combination
of different circumstance. We aim to have our builds concluded in 10 weeks with a saving of £36,000 based on the weekly site
maintenance cost of 1,500.
• Wasted Trades
– Trades and skilled workman are often delayed because a previous part of the job has not been completed to allow that trade to
follow on
• Additional tools
– The costs of external scaffolding and building higher (any addition costs on top of the bricks and mortar would be) save about £2,250
• Potential financially savings because of speed of build
– Mortgage payments
– Rental payments
– Loan + interest payments
• Less components
– Saving of that less things to go wrong, less chance of going much builds generally to over budget
• Saving on wastage
– Less components can be stolen, gone missing or wasted because not needed in the build.
• The saving of nearly a third or quarter of time
– It is tangible even if the cost of materials are roughly the same
• Also if to be done overseas in third world countries
– The costs would be minimal as you would not have to consider building controls or planning requirements
11
Comparisons – traditional build and 3D printing
Wider vision and perspectives theses
Modeling shows us economy on savings resources like materials and labour wages, it shows time
economy and other savings in other part of building project
But our modeling don’t touch some other sides of new technology