Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS)

1. Centurion universityof technologyand management
Topic: COMPUTER VISION SYNDROME
Assigned by
Manisai Koduri,
Assistant Professor of optometry.
submitted by:
G. Vijayalaxmi
B. Nikhila
K. Likitha Yadav

2. Content:
• What is computer vision syndrome(CVS)
• Did u know?
• Symptoms
• Why does it happen?
• Causes
• Related health problems….
• Ergonomics
• Preventions
• Article

3. What is Computer vision
syndrome(CVS)?
>>The complex of eye and vision problems related to near work experienced during
computer use.
[OR]
In simple words;
>> Computer vision syndrome (CVS) is the term for a group of eye & vision related
problems that develop the following the prolonged use of device with digital screens.
>> Devices such as computers, tablets, and smartphones put increased demands on a person’s
visual system.
-by WHO.

4. Did u know??
• CVS affect 90% of people who spend three hours or more a day at computer.
• Decreased focusing capability corrected with plus- powered over the counter eye glasses.
• Reading glasses not best solutions of computer uses.
• Blink rate decreases to as low as 5-9 blinks/minute focusing on the computer screen.
• The normal blink rate is 10-16 per minute.
• Even if don’t suffer from symptoms may still experience reduced productivity and
accuracy at computer.
2) Erdinest, N., & Berkow, D. (2021). Harefuah, 160(6), 386–392.
1) Argiles, Marc & Cardona, Genís & Pérez-Cabré, Elisabet & Rodríguez, Margarita. (2015). Blink Rate and Incomplete Blinks in Six Different Controlled Hard-Copy and
Electronic Reading Conditions. Investigative ophthalmology & visual science. 56. 6679-6685. 10.1167/iovs.15-16967.

5. Impact of CVS:
 CVS affects mental and physical well being and impacts productivity.

6. SYMPTOMS:
• Headaches
• Dry eyes
• Blurred vision
• Fatiuge
• Eye strain
• Neck pain
• Irritated eyes
• Double vision
• Difficulty in focusing eye
• https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34160157/

7. WHY DOES THIS HAPPENS??
• Our eyes and brain react differently to characters on screen thanto printed
characters.
• Decreased blinking reflex while focusing on the computer screen.
• Un corrected vision conditions.
• Poor computer design.
• Workplace ergonomics.
• Highly depending visual tasks.

8. CAUSES:
• Long time focusing.
• Decreased blinking reflex.
• Stating at a computer for several hours.
• Extending short distance focusing.
• Poor lighting.
• Poor posture.
• Excessive glare.

9. COMPUTER REALTED HEALTH
PROBLEMS:
There are three main notable medical problems that can arise from using computers:
>> Carpal tunnel syndrome-repetitive strain injury.
>> Computer vision syndrome-eye strain, eye tiredness.
>> Musculoskeletal problems-pain the shoulders, lower and upper back neck

10. WHAT CAN BE DONE TO MINIMIZE CVS?
• To begin, anyone who suspects CVS, should have a through eye exam by ophthalmologist.
• Apart from this, a few additional steps can help reduces CVS
BLINK MORE OFTEN
>> Computer users should make a conscious effort to blink more often:
*They should try out the suggested formula
20:20:20
* Every 20 min: for 20 seconds: blink 20 times.
https://avehjournal.org/index.php/aveh/article/view/554/1316
http://medicalnewstoday.com/

11. • ADJUSTING HEIGHT OF THE SEAT
>>Adjust height of the desk or the chair so that the middle of the computer
screen is about 20 degrees below eye level.

12. • SCREEN DISTANCE
The screen should be at a distance of 16-30 inches from the eyes

13. • AVOID AIR DRAFTS
Also avoid sitting in front of air conditioner facing its air draft while
working on a computer.

14. • REDUCE GLARE
Direct the overhead lights away from computers screens.
Positions your monitor so that all windows are to the side rather than to the
back or front.
Adjust window blinds so that sunlight is away from screen and your eyes.

15. • TAKE BREAK
Computer users can reduce fatigue by taking breaks from work and
can benefit from taking a five minutes break for every 30min of work.

16. • COMPUTER ERGONOMICS:
• Ergonomics: Science of designing a job, equipment /work place to fit the worker.
• Tips to reduces risk of computer eye strain;
- Sit with head and neck in line with torso, not bent down or tilted back.
- Avoid viewing screen with head turned or back twisted.
- Keep elbows close to the body.
- Pick chair with lower back supported, cushioned seat,& contoured front edge.
- Keep mouse close to keyboard.
- Position monitor so top of screen is just above eye level.
- Keep monitor close enough to read text without struggling.
- Keep print documents at same height and distance as display.
https://www.academia.edu/28568311/A_Study_of_Computer_Vision_Syndrome_at_the_Workplace_Prevalen
ce_and_Causative_Factors

17. PREVENTIONS:
 Over the counter artificial tear solutions.
 Proper rest .
 Consciously blink.
 Often look out the window to a distance object.
 Close eyes for 20 sec at least every half & hour.
 “20-20-20rule” every 20 min, focus the eyes on an object 20 feet away for
20sec.
 Minimize glare.
 Update display.
 Adjust brightness/contrast.

18. ARTICLE:

19. INTRODUCTION:
• Necessitating computers in education
• 3 h/day  CVS, psychological strees, back pain, tension headaches
• CVS – combination of vision & eye problems associated with computer usage
• Symptoms: rise with VDT use
• Eye strain
• Headache
• Blurred vision
• Neck or shoulder pain

20. • Prevalence ranges from 64% to 90% among computer users.
• Globally 60 million
• Association between computer use & (poor posture, musculoskeletal discomfort)
• No studies on physical health & Indian samples
Aim:
To assess the prevalence of CVS among medical and engineering students and factors
associated with the same

21. Subjects and Methods
o A cross sectional study (medical and engineering final yr students)
students data included who used 1 month preceding computer
o Approved by ethical review board
o A pre-tested structured questionnaire done [ demographic detils, time of computer use,
break time].
>>CVS – combination of vision & eye problems associated with computer usage
Symptoms:
Eye strain
Redness
Headache
Blurred vision
Neck or shoulder pain

22. o Recorded the symptoms experienced at different work places since past 1month.
o Noted ranges as mild, moderate, severe.
o Students with existing eye diseases were excluded.
o Data was calculated as percentages, odd ratios AND 95% confidence intervals.
o Chi-square test was used to lend statistical support.
o Kendall correlation analysis done b/w rised computer hour uses and various symptoms
of CVS and rest time[break].
o Kendall analysis and corresponding P values were estimated.

23. Results
o 416 final yr students included.
o 48.3% (201/416) belonged to medical stream
o 51.3% (215/416) belonged to the engineering stream.
o 47.6% (198/416) were females & 52.4% (218/416) were males.
o 42.3% (176/416) spectacle or contact lens[GLASSES:72.2% (127/176) ][CL: 3.4% (6/176) ]
24.4% (43/176) both contact lens and spectacle.
 Reported 334 students with CVS symptoms[ hence, prevalence of CVS -80.3% [334/416]
>Medical- 78.6% (158/201)
>Engineering- 81.9% (176/215)
o Comparatively resulted <4HRS usage of computers by medical students[85%(171/201] b/w
engineering students 46% (99/215) (p<0.001).

26. Discussion
A study included 416 final yr medical and engineering students
Noted - prevalence of CVS-80.3% (found similar b/w medical 78.6% and engineering 81.9%)
BASED ON COMPARATIVES WITH OTHER RESEARCH
RESULTS
>> Rahman and Sanip- reported 68.1%(among university staff in Malaysia)
>>Subratty and Korumtolee- reported 59.5%(keyboard users.)
>>Iwakiri- reported 72.1%(office workers reported having eye strain and/or pain)
>>Sen and Richardson- reported 46% to 87%(the various eye symptoms)
>>MALES – higher risk in developing Redness, Burning sensation,Blurred vision,Dryeyes.
>>FEMALES- higher risk in developing Headace,Neck and Shoulder pain
>.Toama et al- reported proportion of CVS is more among females than males.

27. Conclusions
>>Present study revealed >3/4th students complained with any one of CVS symptoms .
>>Engineering students were at higher risk of CVS than Medical students.
>>Higher risk of CVS for long term users than less time users who took frequent breaks.
>>Computer usage doesn’t proven any permanent damage to brain. But studies, proven temporary
discomfort reduces the efficiency of work and thereby productivity.
>>Health and Education professionals have suggested the need for teachers and students to be
ergonomically conscious when using computers.
>>As the use of computer had become universal in higher education institutions, the subject of the
prevention of CVS and associated discomfort should be made part of the curriculum in higher institutions.

28. Limitation:
>>existing eye disease excluded

29. THANK YOU