fruit cultivation

1. wfkdaod (Annona muricata) j.dj yd
kv;a;=j
l=,h – Annonaceae
Annona family : most of them native to
the American continents.

2. jsfYaI Annona Species
1’ lgq wfkdaod - A. muricata L. - Soursop
2. je,s wfkdaod - A. reticulata L.- Bullock’s heart
Custard apple
3’ iSks wfkdaod - A. squamosa L. Sugar apple
/sweet sop
^fld< yd ouz jrA.&
4’ fprsfudahd - A. cherimola Mill.
5.Wel Annona – A. glabra- Pond apple

3. A. muricata L
• The species is native to Central America,

4. • The flowers, - borne singly, may emerge
anywhere on the trunk, branches or twigs.
plump, and triangular-conical,

5. m%pdrKh
 nSc u.ska
 noaO me, u.ska (Mother plant-high fruit
yield, excellent fruit quality, high resistant to
pests & diseases)

6. Cherimoya Custard
Apple
Soursop Sugar Apple
Seedling
(genetically)
Highly variable variable Uniform Low variability
Seedlings
(Commercial
use)
Not
recommended
As root
stock
High, also as
rootstock
Regular to
good

7. nyq,j nSc u.ska osk 1- la c,fha fm.jSu’
noaO lsrSu - mepz yd rsls,s noaOh
.%dyl - 1’ A. muricata – lgq wfkdaod
2’ A. reticulata – je,s wfkdaod
3’ A. glabra – fj,a wfkdaod
w;= len,s u.ska
m%pdrKh

8. N+ush ilia lr.ekSu
j,j,a ilia lsrSu
mr;rh - uS’ 4 x uS’ 4
os. m<, iy .eUqr fi’uS’ 60 x 60 x 60 muK jk mrsos
j, ilikak’
;o mila iys; ia:dkhkays” jf,ys m%udKh
fi’uSA 90 x 90 x 90 muK jSu jvd iqoqiqh
me,h isgqjSug foi;shlg muK fmr flduzfmdaiagz
fyda osrm;a jQ f.du fmdfydr iy u;=msg mia 1( 1
usY%Khlska j, uqoqka lr mqrjkak

9. fyd|ska jevS we;s ksfrda.S me, muKla
isgqjkak
nSc me,hla isgqjSug ) udi 4)5la .;fjs
noaO me,hla isgqjSug ) udi 7)9 la .;fjs

10. wfkdaod (Annona muricata) j.dj
mqyKqq lSrSu yd lmamdoqj

11. • iDcqj jrAOkh lr .ekSu i|yd me,h wi,ska
wOdrlhla ^fldagqjla& isgqjd me,h thg
lsgzgq lr m%fjzYfuka n|skak’
’

12. • jefvk noaO wxl=rh muKla b;srs lr me,fhka
yg .kakd fjk;a wxl=r ;shqKq msyshlska lmd
bj;a lrkak’
• me,h isgqjd udi 6 muK jkf;la fuz ms<sn|j
jsfYaI wjOdkhla fhduq lrkak’

13. lmamdoq fjs yd mqyKqq lsrSfus
wruqKq
• by< wiajekakla ioyd fyd| Ydl jshkla ,nd
.ekSu
• wdf,dalh iy jdhq fyd|sska yqjudre jSug
• j.d md,kh -lD;%Su mrd.kh i|yd lDIs ridhk
ojH fhoSug wiajekak fk,SSug myiq jSu
• fmd<j iu. iAmraY jk w;= yd Mlsfkl we;s,af,k
w;+ bj;A lSrSu

15. • isgjQ me,h 1m la muK Wig jevqkq miq
m%Odk l|
• fi’uS’ 80 - 90 la Wilska lmd oeuSu l, hq;+h’
• õõO osYd j,g fhduq jQ w;= 3$4 la muKla
jevSug i,iajkak’
• bka miq yg.kakd m%d:usl w;= fi’uS’ 40la
os.ska lemSuo oajS;Sh w;= fi’uS’ 30 la os.ska
lemSuo"
• ;D;Sh w;= fi’uS’ 20 la os.ska lemSu o l, hq;+h’

16. w;= tlsfkl w;r fi’uS’ 30 ^wvshla& muK
mr;rhla ;snsh hq;=h’
• .i ueog fyd|ska ysre t<sh jefgk fia w;= ilia
lrkak’
•
• .fia Wi 3 - 3’5 m la olajd Wmrsu Wilg mj;ajd
.; hq;+h’

17. • .i l%ufhka jrAOkh jk jsg fmd<j iu.Z iamrAY jk
w;=” ≥rAj, w;= yd tlsfkl we;s,af,k w;= lmd bj;a
lrkak’
•
• lemquz uqyqK;a u; lKavidka jekss wdf,amhlg
os,Sr kdYlhla tla lr wdf,am lrkak’
•

19. • jrAOkh fj.j;a lr .ekSu i|yd ksrAfoaYs; mrsos
me,h jgd ridhksl fmdfydr fhdod m%fjzYfuka
mi iu. l,juz lrkak
• frda. yd m<sfndaO md,kh lsrSug mshjr .kak’
jefvk me,hg fyd|ska ysre t<sh ,enSug ie,eiajSu” mfia
c,jykh oshqKq lsrSu” j,a me<Egs md,kh yd ksis
mrsos fmdfydr fhoSu u.ska fuh myiqfjka bgqlr .;
yelsh’

21. • mrd.kh Natural Pollination-mainly by insect such
as
• - Nitidulidae l=,fha l=reusK jsfYaI
• Factors affecting to pollination
– Low population density of pollinator insect
– Effect of climate
– Pollen viability
• fertilization failure of all or several ovules
resulting small or asymmetrical fruits

22. Deformed fruits well developed fruit

23. Different male/female flower stages.
1. Close flower
2. Female stage flower (semi-open)
3. Male stage flower (full open)
• The female stage will come first
then followed by the male stage.

24. • Half open flower- Full open flower-
female stage male stage

25. mrd. ,nd .ekSu - fmr osk iji 3 00 ) 6 00 ld,h mrd.
tla /ia lsrSug fydoska msmqKq u,a .; yelsh
mrd.kh - wrAOj msmqKq u,a
fm’j’ 6 -11
lD;su mrd.kh u.ska - M, yg.ekSu jevsfjz’
-taldldr msreKq M,
-M,hl nr jevsfjz’

26. iïmQrAKj msmqkq u,a ^mrd.
mrsk; jk wjOsh&
Full bloom flower

27. • fmr osk iji 3’00 - 6’00 w;r ld,fhaoS fyd|ska
msmqKq u,la lvdf.k l=vd mSrsishlg oud f;;a lrk
,o lvodis w;a msiakdjlska /hla jid ;nkak’
• miq osk WoEik fm;s bj;a l< jsg mrd. iys; mrd.
Odks mSrsish u;g jegS ;sfnkq oelsh yelsh’

28. Remove petals
iajsNdjsl mrd.Kfhka M, yg .ekSu 25% la
muK jk w;r f.vshl nr 750g la muK fjz’ jslD;s
f.vs o we;s úh yel

29. Pollen sac

30. wrAOj msmqKq u,
^ia;S+ ,sx.sl fldgia mrsk; jQ wjOsh&

31. • tosk WoEik fm’j’ 6- 11 w;r ld,fhaoS wrAOj
jsjD; jQ u,l fm;s w;ska wE;a lr uD≥ mskai,hla
u.Zska mrd. l,xlh u; ;jrkak'’

32. • iajsNdjsl mrd.Kfhka M, yg .ekSu 25% la muK
jk w;r f.vshl nr 750g la muK fjz’ jslD;s f.vs o
we;s úh yel
• lD;S%u mrd.kfhka M, yg .ekSu 67 % 75%
olajd jevs
• jk w;r f.vshl nr 3.1kg la muK fõ’
• msreKq f.vs yg.kS’

33. • iajNdjslj wfkdaod u,a mrd.kh jkqfha
ksgsvshq,sfâ ( Nitidulidae) l+,fha l+reñKs
jsfYaI yd fjk;a lDñka u.sks’
• oaú,sx.sl mqIam msfmk fuu Ydlfha mrd.
mrsk; ùug fmr l,xlfha .%dys nj we;sfõ’