Why 3dprint is so much more cost effective than traditional buildings

1. Cost comparisons
between traditional build and 3D printing

2. Summary
3DBuildingPrint is not only the only faster, more efficient, less labor intensive, ecologically-friendly, 0% waste product
and with less chance of human error – It is also more cost effective
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Left graph shows the costs for a model 4 bedded house (216 m2), split by the
major areas of expenditure expressed as a percentage of the total build cost
of £115,000.
The superstructure element of the work is by far the most in cash terms. The
major elements of this have been shown in the graph.
The superstructure costs total £37,800 or 33% of the total outlay.
It is predominantly in this area where the 3D printing solution can generate
savings.
3DBuildingPrint use a methodology whereby the "shell" of the house is constructed within a couple of days
This cuts down the on-site labour cost significantly as we are able to deliver the finished article in between 6-9 weeks
£17,186
£13,749
£26,352
£17,186
£37,809
£17,990
£-
£20,000
£40,000
£60,000
£80,000
£100,000
Traditional 3D Print
Super Structure
Finishes
Groundworks
Preliminaries
Electrics
Plumbing & Heating
Professional Fees
Room By Room
£114 574
£76 423
13 7
20
14
14
7
24
20
18
7
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Traditional 3D Print
Super Structure
Finishes
Groundworks
Preliminaries
Electrics
Plumbing & Heating
Professional Fees
Room By Room
98
62
– £38 151
– 36 days
* -– All calculations will be provided on next pages
Costs reduced by 33%* Days reduced by 37%*
£10,312
£8,020
£4,583
£5,729
£4,583
£17,186
£26,352
Superstructure
£37 809
Room By Room
Professional Fees
Plumbing & Heating
Electrics
Preliminaries
Groundworks
Finishes
Super Structure

3. House specification for cost comparisons
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Slab 12 000 8 000
Height, mm Length, mm
Front elevation 150 12 000 150
Right elevation 8 000
Rear elevation 12 000
Left elevation 8 000
Front elevation Side elevation
Single floor 12 000 8 000
Height, mm Length, mm
Front elevation 5 400 12 000
Right elevation 8 000
Rear elevation 12 000
5 400
Left elevation 8 000
Front elevation Side elevation
Footings 14 000 10 000
Height, mm Length, mm
Front elevation 300 14 000
300
Right elevation 10 000
Rear elevation 14 000
Left elevation 10 000
We will be considering an large house, which measures an area of 5.4m X 40m = 216 m2

4. Costs of main resources
Bricks parameters1
Height 0,065
Length 0,215
Width 0,1025
Price per 1 unit £ 0,44
Bricks in pack 1 000
Price for pack £ 440,00
Mortar Parameters2
Quantity of bricks for calculations 500
Volume per 500 bricks, m3 0,33
Volume in unit, m3 0,33
Price per 1 unit £ 28,00
Concrete Parameters3
Price per 1 m3 £ 85,00
Bricklayers parameters4
Price per day £ 180,00
Bricks per day 500
4
Standard house building
Assumptions
Building productivity
Method Units Productivity
Bricklayers bricks/day 500
1 - http://www.wickes.co.uk/Wickes-Engineering-Bricks-Red-65mm-Class-B/p/213642
2 - https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwit2t_Y5P3KAhXH2hoKHRkJBpoQFggtMAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kellys.uk.com%2Fcontent%2Fdownload.asp%3Fid%3D193&usg=AFQ
jCNFY7WKw3Tf3KcwfQzuLhtDdvdbT8g&sig2=3cQcCNcvvHlRfKWrBeql2A
3 - http://www.lets-do-diy.com/Projects-and-advice/Concrete-work/Average-ready-mix-concrete-cost.aspx
4 -
Costs Unit Price per unit/day Quantity for day
Bricklayers persons £ 180,00 2
3D Printer Operator persons £ 250,00 2
Labourer persons £ 120,00 1
Foreman persons £ 250,00 1

5. Materials for Super Structure for Traditional Building
Super Structure Height, m Length, m Width, m
Traditional building
Bricks required
Mortar
required, tubesBricks in a row Bricks req. for height
Bricks req.
for length
Total of
bricks
Total for external of house 15 708
First Slab 0,15 12,00 8,00
First floor 5,40 40,00 0,30 2 84 187 15 708
Front elevation 12,00
Right elevation 8,00
Rear elevation 12,00
Left elevation 8,00
Footings 0,30 14,00 10,00
Total for internal of house 7 896
First floor internal wall 5,40 20,00 0,10 1 84 94 7 896
Total for house 23 604 49,57
Waste 5% 24 784 52,05
Rounding Total 25 000 53,00
5
Standard house building
Calculations of resources and duration
A single or double story building measured from the top of the foundation over 3m will be legally required to be a double skin wall
(Pavement Expert 2015). This project will be building a house of the height of 5.4 meters and will therefore require double skin
masonry.
A double skinned wall for a 4 bedroom house will use approximately 23,500 bricks, this will amount to 24 packs plus an additional pack
Bricks are achieved by the use of concrete or mortar, whilst the area to cover is 216m2 this can done from a range of prices. Mortar is a
commonly used in construction as it can be a thicker bonding agent. We will need about 53 tubes of mortar 0,33m3 each
An average brick layer is priced at 180 per day. The average amount of bricks laid per person is 500 per day
The average amount of brick layers needed is 2 which average a daily brick laid count of 1,000
In accordance with the above productivity, superstructure will be built in 27 days

6. Building costs for Traditional Building
Costs Unit
Price per
unit
Quantity Traditional building
% of
costs
Super Structure £ 37 809 33%
Walls, Footings and Slab Costs £ 17 584 15%
Concrete for Footing and Slab m3 £ 85,00 60,00 £ 5 100 4%
Bricks pack of brick £ 440,00 25,00 £ 11 000 10%
Mortar tube £ 28,00 53,00 £ 1 484 1%
Labour £ 19 710 17%
Bricklayers persons £ 180,00 2*27 £ 9 720 8%
Labourer persons £ 120,00 1*27 £ 3 240 3%
Foreman persons £ 250,00 1*27 £ 6 750 6%
Other Resources 1 £ 515 0%
Professional Fees £ 8 020 7%
Groundworks £ 17 186 15%
Plumbing & Heating £ 4 583 4%
Electrics £ 5 729 5%
Finishes £ 26 352 23%
Room By Room £ 10 312 9%
Preliminaries £ 4 583 4%
Total House Cost £ 114 574 100%
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As we can see below the costs for a model 4 bedded house (216 m2) will be about of £115,000
The superstructure element of the work is the most in cash terms, at costs of total £37,800 or 33% of the total outlay
£115,000 is lower limit for a such house, therefore our comparing will be close to real
Precise project calculations can be carried out in the near future, in the next stages
But basing on this calculation we can compare Traditional building and 3D Print technology
Standard house building
Total building costs for traditional building
Super
Structure
£37 809
Professional
Fees
£8 020
Groundworks
£17 186
Plumbing &
Heating
£4 583
Electrics
£5 729
Finishes
£26 352
Room By
Room
£10 312
Preliminaries
£4 583

7. 7
3D Print house building
Calculations of resources and duration
Basing on previous assumptions and count that 3D Printer productivity is about 20 m3 per day we can calculate resources
and costs for 3D printed house
Materials for Super Structure for Traditional Building and 3D Print
Super Structure Height, m Length, m Width, m
3D Print
Concrete required, m3
Total for external of house 121,20
First Slab 0,15 12,00 8,00 14,40
First floor 5,40 40,00 0,30 64,80
Front elevation 12,00
Right elevation 8,00
Rear elevation 12,00
Left elevation 8,00
Footings 0,30 14,00 10,00 42,00
Total for internal of house 10,80
First floor internal wall 5,40 20,00 0,10 10,80
Total for house 132,00
Waste 5% 138,60
Rounding Total 140,00
For double skinned wall for a 4 bedroom house we will use 300 mm concrete walls – so it will be about 140 m3 of material
Basing on 3D Printer productivity we can count duration of building (printing) process
It’s about 7 days instead of 27 for traditional building

8. Building costs for 3D Print
Costs Unit
Price per
unit
Quantity 3D Print
% of
costs
Super Structure £ 17 990 24%
Walls, Footings and Slab Costs £ 11 900 16%
Concrete for External and Internal walls m3 £ 85,00 80,00 £ 6 800 9%
Concrete for Footing and Slab m3 £ 85,00 60,00 £ 5 100 7%
Labour £ 6 090 8%
3D Printer Operator persons £ 250,00 2 £ 3 500 5%
Labourer persons £ 120,00 1 £ 840 1%
Foreman persons £ 250,00 1 £ 1 750 2%
Professional Fees £ 8 020 10%
Groundworks £ 13 749 18%
Plumbing & Heating £ 3 437 4%
Electrics £ 3 437 4%
Finishes £ 17 186 22%
Room By Room £ 10 312 13%
Preliminaries £ 2 291 3%
Total House Cost £ 76 423 100%
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3D Print house building
Total building costs for 3D print building
As we can see below the costs for a model 4 bedded house (216 m2) will be about of £76,500
The superstructure element of the work is the still most in cash terms, but it costs already £18,000 or 24% of the total outlay
Super
Structure
£17 990
Professional
Fees
£8 020
Groundworks
£13 749
Plumbing &
Heating
£3 437
Electrics
£3 437
Finishes
£17 186
Room By
Room
£10 312
Preliminaries
£2 291

9. 9
Comparisons – traditional build and 3D printing
Total building costs, durations and savings for 3D print building
Building costs for Traditional Building and 3D Print
Costs Unit
Price per
unit
Quantity
Traditional building 3D Print Saving
Cash % Days Cash % Days ₤ %
Super Structure £ 37 809 33% 18 £ 17 990 24% 7 £ 19 819 52% 11
Walls, Footings and Slab Costs £ 17 584 15% £ 11 900 16% £ 5 684 32%
Concrete for walls m3 £ 85,00 80,00 0% £ 6 800 9%
Concrete for Footing and Slab m3 £ 85,00 60,00 £ 5 100 4% £ 5 100 7%
Bricks pack of brick £ 440,00 25,00 £ 11 000 10% 0%
Mortar tube £ 28,00 53,00 £ 1 484 1% 0%
Labour £ 19 710 17% £ 6 090 8% £ 13 620 69%
Bricklayers persons £ 180,00 2 £ 9 720 8% £ - 0%
3D Printer Operator persons £ 250,00 2 £ - 0% £ 3 500 5%
Labourer persons £ 120,00 1 £ 3 240 3% £ 840 1%
Foreman persons £ 250,00 1 £ 6 750 6% £ 1 750 2%
Other Resuorсes 1 £ 515 0% £ - 0% £ 515 100% 0
Professional Fees £ 8 020 7% 1 £ 8 020 10% 1 £ - 0% 0
Groundworks £ 17 186 15% 14 £ 13 749 18% 7 £ 3 437 20% 7
Plumbing & Heating £ 4 583 4% 13 £ 3 437 4% 7 £ 1 146 25% 6
Electrics £ 5 729 5% 20 £ 3 437 4% 14 £ 2 291 40% 6
Finishes £ 26 352 23% 24 £ 17 186 22% 20 £ 9 166 35% 4
Room By Room £ 10 312 9% 1 £ 10 312 13% 1 £ - 0% 0
Preliminaries £ 4 583 4% 7 £ 2 291 3% 5 £ 2 291 50% 2
Total House Cost £ 114 574 100% 98 £ 76 423 100% 62 £ 38 151 33% 36
As we can see below savings for a model 4 bedded house (216 m2) will be about of £38,000
The superstructure element of the work saves about £20,000 or 50% of the total savings, it is mostly labour savings

10. 10
Comparisons – traditional build and 3D printing
Total building costs, durations and savings for 3D print building
• Above are cost comparisons for traditional build and 3D printing, below – visualization of it
• In this simple modeling case we look at good efficiency of 3D printing technology:
– Less materials costs
– Less days for superstructure works
– Less days we need specialists on site, less labour costs
– Less chances for human errors
• Now we estimate costs on a typical 4 bedded traditional house can be reduced by £38k or 33% and this can be
further reduced as we develop this concept to design houses where the "printer" can perform the construction of
roofs and foundations
• This is a significant step in reducing both cost and time so allowing people to move into a property much earlier than
previously possible and improving any rental income stream if the house is being developed as a "buy to let"
This technology is here now and is definitely the future
£17,186
£13,749
£26,352
£17,186
£37,809
£17,990
£-
£20,000
£40,000
£60,000
£80,000
£100,000
Traditional 3D Print
Super Structure
Finishes
Groundworks
Preliminaries
Electrics
Plumbing & Heating
Professional Fees
Room By Room
£114 574
£76 423
13 7
20
14
14
7
24
20
18
7
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Traditional 3D Print
Super Structure
Finishes
Groundworks
Preliminaries
Electrics
Plumbing & Heating
Professional Fees
Room By Room
98
62
– £38 151
– 36 days
Costs reduced by 31%* Days reduced by 37%*

11. • Site maintenance (toilets, health and safety on site, acoustic walls and machinery)
– Typically a middle house constructed using traditional methodology takes 34 weeks to build. This timeline is driven by a combination
of different circumstance. We aim to have our builds concluded in 10 weeks with a saving of £36,000 based on the weekly site
maintenance cost of 1,500.
• Wasted Trades
– Trades and skilled workman are often delayed because a previous part of the job has not been completed to allow that trade to
follow on
• Additional tools
– The costs of external scaffolding and building higher (any addition costs on top of the bricks and mortar would be) save about £2,250
• Potential financially savings because of speed of build
– Mortgage payments
– Rental payments
– Loan + interest payments
• Less components
– Saving of that less things to go wrong, less chance of going much builds generally to over budget
• Saving on wastage
– Less components can be stolen, gone missing or wasted because not needed in the build.
• The saving of nearly a third or quarter of time
– It is tangible even if the cost of materials are roughly the same
• Also if to be done overseas in third world countries
– The costs would be minimal as you would not have to consider building controls or planning requirements
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Comparisons – traditional build and 3D printing
Wider vision and perspectives theses
Modeling shows us economy on savings resources like materials and labour wages, it shows time
economy and other savings in other part of building project
But our modeling don’t touch some other sides of new technology

12. Thank you for attention!
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