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Indirect Infringement
Prof Merges
3.2.09
Agenda
• Indirect Liability
• Remedies (briefly)
Basic Principles
• Tort foundations: master-servant rule,
vicarious liability, etc.
• Common law flavor here
Back to Sony
• Already covered direct infringement (fair use)
• Now: contributory infringement
Balance of power in IP Policy
• P. 573: Supreme Court traditionally reluctant
to expand copyright protection to deal with
new technologies
• This is a job for Congress
Procedural issues
• Not a direct infringement case
• Not a class action brought by or on behalf of
all copyright owners
• Limits of adjudication? Who will resolve
these issues? (Veto players in Congress)
Sony’s participation in
infringement
“[T]hey have sold equipment with constructive
knowledge of the fact that their customers
may use that equipment to make
unauthorized copies of copyrighted
material.”
-- P. 575
P 575, n. 1
• A finding of contributory infringement in this
case would amount to granting the right to
control sale of VCRs to copyright holders
• Can’t extend copyright that far
“The sale of copying equipment …
does not constitute contributory
infringement if the product is
widely used for legitimate,
unobjectionable purposes. Indeed,
it need merely be capable of
substantial noninfringing uses.”
- p. 576
Infringement Machines or Digital
Distribution with Incidental
copying?
• Viacom v. YouTube
(Google)
Copyright Remedies
• Civil, criminal
• Injunction, forfeiture, damages
– Statutory damages: Up to $30,000/infringed
work; $150,000 per intentionally infringed work
Copyright damages
• Plaintiff’s loss OR Defendant’s gain (compare
to patent)
• Defendant’s gain (disgorgement): Copyright
owner need only establish defendant’s gross
revenues; burden on defendant to prove net
profit was less
Sheldon v. MGM
• Play: Dishonored Lady
• Movie: Letty Lynton
Madeleine Smith & Scottish
murder case
Chief Justice Hughes
Relative contributions
• Infringing material
• Original initiative of the infringer
• P. 627

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一比一原版(liverpool毕业证书)利物浦大学毕业证如何办理
 

20._-_3.2.09_-_Indirect_Infringement.ppt

  • 3. Basic Principles • Tort foundations: master-servant rule, vicarious liability, etc. • Common law flavor here
  • 4. Back to Sony • Already covered direct infringement (fair use) • Now: contributory infringement
  • 5. Balance of power in IP Policy • P. 573: Supreme Court traditionally reluctant to expand copyright protection to deal with new technologies • This is a job for Congress
  • 6. Procedural issues • Not a direct infringement case • Not a class action brought by or on behalf of all copyright owners • Limits of adjudication? Who will resolve these issues? (Veto players in Congress)
  • 7. Sony’s participation in infringement “[T]hey have sold equipment with constructive knowledge of the fact that their customers may use that equipment to make unauthorized copies of copyrighted material.” -- P. 575
  • 8.
  • 9. P 575, n. 1 • A finding of contributory infringement in this case would amount to granting the right to control sale of VCRs to copyright holders • Can’t extend copyright that far
  • 10. “The sale of copying equipment … does not constitute contributory infringement if the product is widely used for legitimate, unobjectionable purposes. Indeed, it need merely be capable of substantial noninfringing uses.” - p. 576
  • 11.
  • 12. Infringement Machines or Digital Distribution with Incidental copying? • Viacom v. YouTube (Google)
  • 13. Copyright Remedies • Civil, criminal • Injunction, forfeiture, damages – Statutory damages: Up to $30,000/infringed work; $150,000 per intentionally infringed work
  • 14. Copyright damages • Plaintiff’s loss OR Defendant’s gain (compare to patent) • Defendant’s gain (disgorgement): Copyright owner need only establish defendant’s gross revenues; burden on defendant to prove net profit was less
  • 15. Sheldon v. MGM • Play: Dishonored Lady • Movie: Letty Lynton
  • 16.
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  • 18. Madeleine Smith & Scottish murder case
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  • 23. Relative contributions • Infringing material • Original initiative of the infringer • P. 627