Program by Ravindran Raghavan for MBA industry training. Transportation of cargo by land using trucks and rail. 1. Transportation by land - road, rail 2. Cargo handling, loading, securing 3. Free Zones 4. Landbridges 5. Risks

1. CERTIFICATE IN
SUPPLY CHAIN LOGISTICS
MANAGEMENT
R. Ravindran
Email: ravi311@outlook.com
A domain specialisation program by

2. TRANSPORTATION BY ROAD AND
RAIL
When do you use road/rail transport?
Road and rail transport is highly dependent on the availability of
infrastructure.
Limitations exist in terms of maximum distances that can be
covered by these modes.
Main criteria when these modes are used include:
Infrastructure and access
Operations of a rail/road cargo delivery service requires terminals,
tracks/roads and
loading/unloading facilities.
Low urgency of delivery
Urgent deliveries cannot be made for long distances. However for
short haul road
transport is the faster option compared with other alternatives.

3. TRANSPORTATION BY ROAD AND
RAIL
Well planned delivery schedules
Most of the time the delivery schedules need
to be planned well ahead to ensure the
cargo gets on the right train or gets delivered
by road as required.
Bulk cargo
Bulk cargo such as cement, wheat and grain
may be delivered by train or trucks in
an efficient way.

4. TRANSPORTATION BY
ROAD AND RAIL
Types of trucks
Some common types of trucks:
General purpose truck – carrying a variety of
cargo on its open back with a
canvass cover where necessary
Tankers – carrying liquid or gas
Box truck – protected cargo carriers carrying
reasonably fragile cargo that
require special handling and care

5. TRANSPORTATION BY
ROAD AND RAIL
Vehicle carriers – carrying newly
manufactured cars
Tipper truck – generally used at
construction sites to transport soil, rosk,
pebbles
etc from one place to another
Low loaders – to carry heavy cargo and
carrying large vehicles such as
bulldozers

6. TRANSPORTATION BY
ROAD R

7. TRANSPORTATION BY
ROAD R

8. TRANSPORTATION BY
ROAD R

9. TRANSPORTATION BY
ROAD R

10. TRANSPORTATION BY
ROAD R

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ROAD R

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ROAD R

13. TRANSPORTATION BY
ROAD ROAD

14. TRANSPORTATION BY
ROAD RROAD

15. TRANSPORTATION BY
ROAD RROAD

22. TRANSPORTATION BY
RAIL R

23. CARGO HANDLING
 Loading and unloading
◦ Loading/unloading is normally done using
forklifts.
◦ Sometimes loading ramps are used to ease the
operations.
 Tracking
◦ Trucks can be tracked using modern satellite
connected GPS devices.
◦ With these devices, control centres can monitor
the location, status and timing of each truck.
◦ In most case, a two way communication radio
enables control centers to divert a truck in case
of road blockage of change of delivery.

24. CARGO HANDLING
 Security
◦ Most countries deploy escort vehicles with
security personnel to escort trucks
carrying high value cargo.
◦ It is also possible to track and monitor via
electronic GPS fencing which alerts the
control centre if the truck is deviating from
the scheduled route and the control
centre may disable the engines via
remote control.

25. CARGO HANDLING
 Delivery order
◦ A Delivery Order is a document from a
shipper which orders the release of the
transportation of cargo to another party.
◦ Usually the written order permits the direct
delivery of goods to the named receiver.
◦ According to the Uniform Commercial Code
(UCC) a delivery order refers to an "order
given by an owner of goods to a person in
possession of them (the carrier or
warehouseman) directing that person to
deliver the goods to a person named in the
order.
◦ "A delivery order, however, is not recognised
as a title of the goods.

26. CARGO HANDLING
 Risks of road/rail transport
◦ Cargo hijack risk – the truck can be hijacked
en-route to delivery hence causing the loss
of cargo and the truck.
◦ Weather, flood, surface natural disasters –
common natural causes such as flood,
earthquake and volcanic eruption may
disrupt the services while in extreme cases
cause the loss of cargo.
◦ Breakdown – this is probably the most
frequent risk which is the risk of
◦ equipment breakdown

27. A Free Trade Zone or Special
Economic Zone is an area (or zone)
with relaxed customs jurisdiction.
FREE TRADE ZONE

28.  The incoming goods may be stored,
repacked, manufactured and re-
exported without customs formalities.
 Only when the goods pass the barriers
to enter the consuming public of the
country undergo customs inspection
and pay the necessary duty.
FREE TRADE ZONE

29.  Some ports like Singapore, Hong
Kong and Dubai operates “free
ports” by themselves.
 Freeport: Ship may enter to
discharge or load cargo then depart
without custom formalities.
FREE TRADE ZONE
Vallarpadam Port

30. Operational
SEZs in
India
FREE TRADE ZONE

31. The term land-bridge is commonly
used in reference to a containerized
ocean freight shipment that travels
across a large body of land for a
significant part of the trip, en route to
its final destination.
LAND-BRIDGE

32. The land portion of the trip is
referred to as the "land-bridge"
and the mode of transport used
is rail transport.
LAND-BRIDGE

33. Thailand – Malaysia
landbridge
LAND-BRIDGE
JNPT video

34. Moving on to next segment
R. RAVINDRAN
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