1. VALUE CYCLE
EARTH, INC. Gregory Unruh
ID 501 ADVANCED PROJECT DEVELOPMENT IN INDUSTRIAL DESİGN
Prepared by Selcen Kökcü

2. VALUE CYCLE
• Recover or reincarnate materials from end-ofuse goods into new value-added product

3. NATURE AND INDUSTRY
• In the Nature
Producer
Consumer
Decomposer

4. • In the nature materials are reuse over and
over.
• Is that possible to create a manufacturing
system just like nature by human hand?
• In the answer ‘manufacturer’ is the key word.
• Actually, it is only possible that if
manufacturers can earn profit.

5. • If the manufacturers take attention recover or
reincarnate, they have following advantages:
+ Recude costs ( because of input cost saving)
+ Reduce proccesing cost
+ Reduce supplier risk
+ Increase control over brand and reputation
+ Environmental positive effect
(Less consume, less spend energy, less carbon emission)

6. • As in the value chain manufacturers don’t care
what happens at end of the chain.
• Actually they don’t worry about enviromental
ıssues.

7. New Legislations About Recovered or
Recarnated Materials
• Which legislations are regulated for recover
materials?
- Cell phone take-back etc.
• How effect these legistations our everyday
life?
- Saving/Deposit - Documenting

8. PRODUCT MANUFACTURING HIERARCY
Product
(Product Level)
Shallow-Loop Recycling
(Component Level)
Deep-Loop Recyling
(Materials Level)

9. • Shallow-Loop Recycling
Reuse / Refurbishment / Remanufacturing
• Deep-Loop Recycling
Glass / Metal / Paper Cycling

10. Shallow Loop Cycle
• Recover or reincarnate the components
- For examle recyling of printer toner cartridges
• KODAK
- ‘One use’ disposable cameras

11. Shallow Loop Cycle
• Fuji Xerox
- Before value cycling lasers cost is 14.000 dolar
- With remanufacturing its cots is less than
2.500 dolar.
- Centre Works as a zero-landfill facility with only
0.5 % of products passing through ending up in a
landfill.

12. Shallow Loop Cycle
• Environmental Advantages
- This Cycle shaves product and process energy
use by at least 15 percent.
- For example; photocopier remanfacturing
requires 20 to 70 % less energy.
- The United State saves 16 billion barrels of oil a
year and avoids 28 million tons of carbon
dioxide emissions.

13. Shallow Loop Cycle
•
-
CHALLENGES:
More art than science
Labor costs
Seems second-hand product

14. Shallow Loop Cycle
• May recovered or recarnated components in
this cycle have better quality than in a new
product?
- Beause of improment of recovered component
the whole product could be better.
- Because of changening the components whole
system could be controlled and more quality
product could be created.

15. Deep-Loop Cycle
• It is more fundamental materials level of the
hierarchy.
• Products and components are decomposed
into their orginal constituent materials.
• This cycle encourage ‘innovation’.

16. Why is Deep Loop Cycle Needed?
• It’ s not possible that shallow loop cycle
provides sustainability entirely. It is limited by
1 – 2 generations.
• Even the best-built components and products
wear out, despite refurbishment.
• A product/component can no longer be
manufactured to a high standart without a
deep-loop value cycle.

17. (Planned) Obsolescence
• Who decide that how often are these cartidges
changed? When does become unavaible?
- Is this planned obsolescence?
• As the article mentions that obsolescence is good
for consumer and environment ?
- It is good for manufacturer because of earning
money.
- It is good for consumers because of their endless
demands.
- It is good for environment??

18. Recyling not about only paper, glass
or metal
• What can we do create a new approach to
recyling?
- What happen in Turkey?
- What happen in design world?
• What will happen when the new recyling
approach effect us?
- Effect our choices so effect our life.
(Effect our meat, our dress, our life style)

19. Recyling not about only paper, glass
or metal
• Does current recyling really provide
sustainability?
• Why recyling is only limited paper, glass and
metal?
• Why are manufacturers paying importance to
sustainbility nowadays?