Scientific Essay Format

What Are Scientific Merit?
Concept of Scientific Merit Introduction As future scholars who are working on our PhD, we
tend to hear a lot about Scientific Merit. But, that same old question might pop in our mines,
which is who really cares? We should, especially if we expect the IRB to approve our research
proposal. Therefore, within this paper, we will discuss scientific merits, explain the dimensions of
scientific merit, discuss the aspects of the study, we chose for the Scientific Merit, and choose an
area of scientific merit that we would improve. Scientific merit Scientific merit is considered as a
way to examine if our research study represents good science. Therefore, we will need to make sure
that any research we are working on, clearly states the research questions and its overall objectives.
The research should also include the contextual data that will also have peer–reviewed literature to
support why the research is needed. We also should make sure that if human beings are being
used as participants, that their privacy and safety will be respected, and if there is any possibility
of harm, no matter how small it is, and the benefit and risks whether indirect or direct for the
partakers in the study needs to be very clear in the research proposal. According to Gonzales (2013,
para. 2, p. 1), the data collection, recruitment, and analysis should align with the research questions,
as well as the monitoring, safe storage, and how the data will be destroyed should also be specified.
Three
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Magenta Psychological Statistics Abstract This paper will review different styles of research design
along with how different variables within research can be measured. Statistics Research Question:
Within the realms of a psychological statistics class, does blended course–delivery format result in
students attaining a higher grade point average when compared to face–to–face and online delivery
formats? Null Hypothesis: Within the realms of a psychological statistics class, blended
course–delivery format results in higher grade point averages than face–to–face and online delivery
formats. Alternate Hypothesis: Within the realms of a psychological statistics class, face–to–face
course–delivery format results in higher...show more content...
Nominal Scale: To view the research on a nominal scale, the research data can be drawn from the
type of class. The word nominal is derived from the root word in Latin for name (Usable Stats,
2013). The name of the class, Psychological Statistics, is the nominal measurement for this research.
When conducting this study, the study will only be measured during the course of this specific
class. The results could drastically change when considering another type of class such as
Quantitative Literacy as the cognitive understanding of such a collegic math class may be more
optimal through a different course–delivery format. Ordinal Scale: To view the research on an
ordinal scale, the research data can be drawn from the letter grade achieved from each student.
Ordinal refers to the ranking order, for example A, B, C, D and F with A being the highest in
ranking order and F being the lowest. Interval Scale: To view the research on an interval scale, the
research data can be drawn from the actual number average of grades within the classroom for
each student. Interval scale refers to the difference between intervals being of equal distance. For
instance the different from 99 to 100 is the same as the difference between 0 and 1. Ratio Scale: To
view the research on a ratio scale, the research data can be drawn from the actual number average of
the grades within the class for each student as well. Once the correlation is made on grade average
/student

scientific literacy Essay
Scientific literacy
Introduction and audience
When talk about science, perhaps majority of us think it is less relative with real life. However, as
society developed, science encompassed us everywhere. This situation forces everyone to acquire the
ability to learn and understand science. Some may think that, scientific literacy is what a scientist
should have and nothing about normal people, however it is just too narrow. Look around the
surroundings of us, everything is conned with science. Also, we encounter science in our normal life
as well. Therefore, the ability to acquire and understand science is necessary and important, which is
called scientific literacy. Scientific literacy is the foundation of science and technology...show more
content...
Also, they might doubt the ingredient of their product (thinking creatively). What were they made
of, would that influence their health? Finally, we made the decision, it was a deceptive advertising
and we wouldn't purchase it(problem solved). This is the one typical example process of using
scientific way to solve problems.
So far, we could tell scientific literacy is useful, but does it necessary for us? The next part is
telling why it is necessary and the basic science knowledge to acquire it.
Science knowledge is necessary
As the rapid development of science and technology, everyone in society is required to acquire
higher scientific literate skill. What if one doesn't acquire scientific literacy, not only he/she could
not engage in science study or research, but would encounter difficulties in normal life. For
example, when we want to look for a book in the library, it would be so simply if we check it
online, copy the index of the book and then go find it directly. However, people who don't have the
ability to acquire computer skill would have difficult. Therefore, scientific literacy is necessary in
contemporary life.
There is no doubt that science knowledge is the significant part of scientific literacy. Therefore,
learning science is the first step. What is science? Just taking a look at our surroundings, it not hard
to find that science is everywhere. Simply example like how the lamp is lighted, which

Mathematics And The Scientific Method
The amount of knowledge an individual obtains can be considered undefined. However, without
implementing this knowledge acquired the cognition level will subside. The two areas of
knowledge that's necessary in everyday life is natural science and mathematics. These two subject
areas are vital in respect to knowledge because they both depend upon logical reasoning and the
ability to make rational decisions. Science is important in the world because it is based on
experiments. The experiments follow a strict procedure called the scientific method. "The scientific
method is a tool that helps scientists–and the rest of us–solve problems and determine answers to
questions in a logical format. It provides step–by–step, general directions to help us work through
problems" (12). Math is imperative in the world for the reason that, everyday people make
financial decision's and solve problems. "Learning mathematics forces one to learn how to think
very logically and to solve problems using that skill. It also teaches one to be precise in thoughts
and words. Math teaches life skills. It is difficult to find any area of life that isn 't touched by
mathematics" (13). Ultimately, the application of mathematics and natural science in the world
initiates knowledge to be derived.
Claims to argue: Science unravels in the world with the use of experiments. Scientists created the
scientific method to make a "conclusion about the world around them" (1). "The Scientific Method
helps to

Scientific Writing Proposal
I propose to study in technical writing in scientific field, to learning effective science writing. The
metaphor of context as rhetorical situation may understate the power that context has to shape
scientific discourse. The observed study of the scientific process can be challenging, but it will
provide you with better perception of how is the scientific process in writing. The rhetorical role of
scientific discourse have can create in persuasive scientific, narrative, emotional appeals, and
innovations of imagination. Technical writing in certain field is how we write to communicate in
unique language to communicate to audience within community and to other beyond scientific
community. The significance of utilizing special language will enhance...show more content...
Interview from others student can be useful data to claim the importance of how scientific writing
shapes us in educational system. The first step I would manage my bibliography and literature view
as center of activity. Over the time the lists of articles read and cited becomes significant works. For
applying bibliography from peer–reviewed, books and other sources allow me to generate more
concepts. Using Mendeley as a tool to generate bibliographies, and annotation of texts, also
encourage communication between scientists around the sharing of references. Technology currently
impact on my ability to work. Useful data on how scientific writing using language to communicate
between scientific community and outside the community for exchange common interests, and their
requirements to work as scientific platform. In order to make the content interesting to audience;
visual aid including maps, charts, graphs, and photographs will helps audiences comprehend the
reading much better than the plain contexts. Using proofread from writing center and peers may
reduce chance of getting confuse words: heat has an effect on the reaction and heat affects the

Science Essay
For some people science is the supreme form of all knowledge. Is this view reasonable or does it
involve a misunderstanding of science or of knowledge?
For many persons science is considered the supreme form of all knowledge, as science is based on
facts and theories and it reaches its results through an approved scientific method. Consequently, it
seems to be objective and thus more truthful and reliable. However, other persons argue that this is a
misunderstanding of science. Hence, one should question what science and knowledge entail. Can
there actually be some form of knowledge that overrules all other types of human knowledge? Is
scientific knowledge actually always objective? Are there other types of knowledge of equal worth?
This...show more content...
Thus, perception, in this case could be considered an important factor that makes a piece of
knowledge supreme. One could then deduce that frogs have these organs and that most
multi–cellular animals also have these organs, after having looked and compared a large sample.
This is where reasoning, as a way of knowing, comes into use to make generalisations. And one can
be quite sure that this fact is true since it has been seen, and at any moment in time, if someone
dissects a frog, he/she will see these organs. In this example, there is very little room for human
emotions/ bias to affect the perception, since one cannot argue that what's inside the frog's body is
something other than its organs.
On the other hand, there are other parts in the field of biology that are less supreme. Consider the
example of a field study where a scientist is to investigate if leaves closer to the trunk of oak trees
in Scania are larger than those being further away from the trunk. The biologist will make a plan
on how to conduct the experiment, and since he cannot measure all leaves in all trees existing in
Scania, the biologist will have to carry out the field study on a sample, which raises the question:
what could be an appropriate sample? Most scientists agree that the best way to conduct a field
study is being as random as possible. But how does one go about being random? Scientist may have
different ways of reasoning on what would make an appropriate sample, but no way

Scientific Literacy
Attempts to achieve widespread scientific literacy, however, become as difficult as understanding
concepts in science. Even if formal education can provide basic scientific literacy for students in
preparing for the workplace, science education in schools can hardly satisfy the needs of the general
public towards improvement of their scientific literacy.

Scientific Method Research Paper
Scientific method is used to solve empirical problems and discover empirical truth in an empirical
pattern. The scientific method involves several steps, the first step is observing or asking question,
second step is forming a hypothesis, third step is testing the hypothesis or experimenting, fourth step
is confirm or disconfirm the hypothesis. In the simplest terms, scientific method is a process of trial
and error. To give a concise example considervehicle repair. Every weekend handyman, or every
high school student with a passing interest in autos knows about the method of trial and error. If
your car is starting to run poorly, and you take matters into your own hands in an attempt to fix it.
The first step is to guess the nature of the problem for example faulty emission or low brake fluid.
Acting on your instinct, you proceed to exchange a part, adjust a setting, or replace a fluid, and
then see if the car runs better. If your initial guess is incorrect and the car is not improved, you
revise your guess, make another adjustment, and once again test the car. With patience and enough
guesses, this process will often result in an operable car. However, depending on one's...show more
content...
You may be hesitant to think that the clumsy process of trial and error is identical to the scientific
method, if only because science is so often masked in complexity and jargon. Yet there is no
fundamental difference. It might seem that scientists start with a more detailed understanding of
their problem than the weekend car mechanic, but in fact most scientific inquiries have humble and
ignorant beginnings. Progress can occur just as assuredly via trial and error as in traditional science,
and the scientist isn't guaranteed of success any more than is the handyman: witness the failure to
develop a vaccine for

Scientific Literacy Evaluation
"Scientific literacy is knowing science as a way of thinking, finding, organising and utilising
information to make decisions" (Rennie, 2005).
Evaluation
I have planned and chosen the curriculum links aligned with the activity and the outcome. I have
carefully planned the resources/ materials required for the experiment, including plain flour, soft
icing mixture and corn flour, water and food colouring. I believe that children would be engaged and
motivated in the experiment, as they observe my demonstration and the curiosity to find out the
mysterious mixture. Next time, I would ask students to bring a list of items from their kitchen
pantry, and to use one of them as an additional mixture, as they will be interested in trying out a
mixture of their choic, such as whole meal (wheat, flour), and rice flour. Next time, I would ensure
that the lesion is timed well.
Discussion...show more content...
It instantly triggered her enthusiasm and she was set ready to answer educator's questions. The
activity was mainly focussed upon chemical science. She had the basic knowledge about the state of
matter, as she could clearly identify the difference between solid and liquid (Transcript line).
However, she was unsure about the state of flour. According to Vygotsky, children can carry out
difficult things when they collaborate with adults, when compared to their own effort (McDevitt,
p.222). To clarify the child's doubt about the state of flour, educator has crafted the fourth question,
aligning with the zone of proximal development proposed by Vygotsky, presenting maximum
cognitive growth (p.223). Once she gained the confidence of making a mixture with plain flour, she
could not wait longer, as she proceeded in making the other mixtures. As she answered educator's
questions, she experimented with the mixture, observing and exploring the

Evaluation Of Scientific Research Methods Essay
EVALUATION OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH METHODS
St. Cloud State University
Abstract
This term paper evaluates the formats of different type of research papers available today. The
additional knowledge for the comparison have been gained from the textbook Research
Methodology: A Step–by–step Guide for Beginners – Fourth Edition (2014) with the available types
of research papers and research methodologies. This paper includes the types of research paper and
presents the appropriate suggestion. The paper will help the faculty member of Information
Assurance to improve the format of available research paper format. This term paper will also add
to the available knowledge base of MSIA community.
Introduction
This paper summarizes the types of research papers used widely in the science world. These papers
can be categorized into Qualitative, Quantitative, Statistical and Experimental researchers.
The scientific research paper different from other research paper as they involve more numeric
calculation and hence statistical and experimental research method are widely popular. In this paper,
we will discuss how different research methodologies are incorporated to write the research papers
for scientific work.
SETTING OBJECTIVE
The first and most important step in the research study is the formulation of a research problem. A
clear statements of research problem will help to develop an effective research. The main purpose of
formulating a research

"Medical literature is the scientific literature of medicine: articles in journals and texts in books
devoted to the field of medicine"(Wikipedia). When entering the healthcare field, it is very
important to familiarize yourself with medical literature and how to properly document medical
findings. AMA format was not designed to be used for a research paper. It was designed for the use
of medical journal articles. A paper written in AMA format must include four major parts: A title
page, an abstract, the main body, and the reference page(AMA Formatting). The main body is
further divided into 4 parts: introduction, methods, results, and discussion(AMA Formatting). Each
part is very important and has its own set of guidelines. In the following text I will further discuss
each part and how to properly assemble a medical paper in AMA format. Beforewriting a paper in
AMA format it is very important to understanding how to format your paper. Unlike APA and MLA
format, AMA format has no strict guidelines to follow when it comes to formatting your paper.
"Unfortunately, the AMA Manual of Style is not explicit in its discussion of format"(Moore). It is
best to consult with your teacher on their specific expectations for formatting your paper. After
reviewing many papers written in AMA style and going over guidelines implemented in them, the
following information was recommended. Your entire document should be double spaced with one
inch margins(Moore). It is recommended that your

Research design
This refers to the plan, structure and format of any scientific or statistical work. It serves the
purpose of guiding the researcher in his study and will set out the framework to be used.
Research design will basically cover the data collection process, tools of collecting such data,
how the tools will be used to collect data and how to analyze the collected data into a useful form
(Gosling, 2014). A problem will be raised by researcher in which he will carry out his course study
to draw an answer throughcollecting data (Meyer, et al, 2012).
The research process is as follows: Statement of problem is identified( Research problem); Making
a plan how to start the actual research is determined; Determining research type to use and Stating
methods to use. The research problem will be identified as follows:
1.Obtaining a problem you are already aware of. You may choose from social environment and any
other facts that researcher knows.
2.Asking from experts and teachers. This is also another avenue of obtaining a research problem.
Practitioners can be interviewed who will provide a much deeper insight to a problem. This is one
of the best methods since practitioners have myriad of experience in research field and
3.Reviewing from books
The following are the types of research design:
Action form of Research Design
This type of research design follows a process where an exploratory approach is adopted, a detailed
interpretation of research problem and action

Scientific Notation Essay
Scientific Notation
Essential question: How can you use scientific notation to express numbers of different quantities?
Scientific notation is a method of writing or displaying numbers in terms of a decimal number
between 1 and 10, which is multiplied by a power of 10
Ex. Step 1 – 3 105 First, you would solve for the exponents Step 2 – 3 100000 Then, you would
multiply the factors that are left Step 3 – 300000 Lastly, you get your answer
Essential Answer: Scientific Notation can be used to express different quantities by reducing a large
or small number into a short mathematical sentence.
Integers
Essential Question: Why are using integers easier than a...show more content...
How to find a 3D figures Volume
Essential Question: What figures does volume apply to?
Volume is the amount of 3–dimensional space an object occupies. In the equations for volume, B
means area of the bases and h means distance between the bases. Remember to always add the
cubed sign at the end of your answer ( # unit3).
Ex. Find the volume of a figure that is 5 in. long, 7 in. wide, and 8 in. tall. Step 1– V = BhFirst, find
the equation for the figure.
Step 2– V = (35)8Then, find the base and substitute.
Step 3– V = 280 in3Lastly, solve for V.
Essential Answer: It applies to only 3D figures.
How to find a 3D figures Surface Area
Essential Question: How is finding surface area different than finding volume?
Surface area is the total area of the surface of a three–dimensional object. For surface area, the
equation is SA = Ph + 2B. P stands for the perimeter of the base. The h stands for the distance
between the bases. B stands for area of the bases.
Ex. Find the volume of a box that is 2 feet long, 4 feet wide, and 3 feet

The Scientific Method Essay
The Scientific Method is the standardized procedure that scientists are supposed to follow when
conducting experiments, in order to try to construct a reliable, consistent, and non–arbitrary
representation of our surroundings. To follow the Scientific Method is to stick very tightly to a order
of experimentation. First, the scientist must observe the phenomenon of interest. Next, the scientist
must propose a hypothesis, or idea in which the experiments will be based around. Then, through
repeated experimentation, the hypothesis can either be proven false or become a theory. If the
hypothesis is proven to be false, the scientist must reformulate his or her ideas and come up with
another hypothesis, and the experimentation begins again. This...show more content...
Furthermore, flies were observed laying eggs where the maggots formed. Thus, he concluded that
maggots are the result of flies, not spontaneous generation. He then called the principles behind his
experiment "Metodo Scientifico" or The Scientific Method.
The first cases of what would be considered properly using the Scientific Method can be found
earlier, though, back in the studies of Galileo, early in the 17th century. He first observed that
heavy objects gain speed as they fall. He then proposed, or hypothesized, that the rate of falling of
massive objects was proportional to the distance that the object has fallen. Following the Scientific
Method, he tested his hypothesis and found it to be false, since objects falling unequal distances do
not fall in the same amount of time, as his hypothesis led to. Since his hypothesis failed, he made a
new one, which proposed that the rate at which an object falls is directly proportional to the time the
object has spent falling. This was tested by rolling balls down an inclined plane and calculating the
speed and time values from those observations. Later, these experiments led to the discovery of the
gravitational constant g, and a better understanding of the Scientific Method.
The Method has been used many times since Galileo conducted his experiments, and it has been
considered a valid way of conducting experiments since

Scientific Theory Essay
Scientific Theory
A scientific theory is a well–substantiated explanation of some aspects of the natural world, based on
a body of knowledge that has been repeatedly confirmed through observation and experiment.
Scientist creates scientific theories from hypothesis that have been corroborated through the
scientific method, then gather evidence to test their accuracy. The strength of a scientific theory is
related to the diversity of phenomena it can explain, which is measured by its ability to make
falsifiable predictions with respect to the phenomena. Scientific theories are the most reliable,
rigorous, and comprehensive for of scientific knowledge.
The scientific method involves the proposal and testing of hypotheses, by deriving...show more
content...
Theories are the main goal in science and no explanation can achieve a higher rank. (to the belief
that "theories" become "laws" over time). In some cases, theories can unify. Two or more theories
can be replaces by a single theory which explains the previous theories as approximations or
special cases, comparable to the way a theorys is connecting explanation for many confirmed
hypotheses: This is reffered to as Unification of Theories. Both scientific laws and scientific theories
are produced from scientific methods through the formation and testing of hypotheses, and can
predict the behavior of the natural world. Both are typically supported by observation and
experimental science. However, scientific laws are descriptive accounts of how nature will behave
under certain conditions. Scientific theories are broader in scope, and give overarching explanations
of how nature works and why it exhibits certain characteristics. They are supported by evidence from
many different sources, and may contain one or more laws.
Both scientific laws and scientific theories come from the scientific method through the formation
and testing of hypotheses, and can predict the behavior of the natural world. Both are usually well
supported by observations and/or experimental evidence. However laws are descriptive accounts of
how nature will behave under certain conditions. Assumption is a

Essay Scientific Inquiry
Scientific inquiry is a process of critical thinking and asking questions that helps determine factual
information that has been tested and proved or disproved instead of relying on assumptions and
intuition. Scientific inquiry is important in psychology, as it is in all fields of science, allowing us to
examine assumptions, assess outcomes, discern hidden values, evaluate evidence, and put ideas to
the test. This scientific approach guards us against hindsight bias, believing after learning an
outcome that we would have foreseen it, known also as the knew–it–all–along phenomenon. It also
protects us from judgmental overconfidence, the bias to seek information that confirms a judgment
based on intuition. Hindsight bias and overconfidence...show more content...
This one individual, if studied, would provide a different set of data then the one's used to
conclude that smokers die younger. The survey is another useful tool that asks questions and asks
people to report their behavior or opinions. Surveying allows a psychologist to gather information
from large groups, but this can still error because the requested information relies on the wording
of a question, the group selected to respond, and the respondents giving accurate self reports. If we
were to survey students on college campus on their drinking habits we will get a very different
response from the professors on the same college campus with the same survey. Naturalistic
observation is a research method that allows us to watch and record data in a natural occurring
environment. This allows us to observe situations without external controls or manipulations.
However, naturalistic observation only permits us to describe a behavior, not explain it. The
correlation method is a statistical measure that makes data that may have gone unnoticed, now seen
to the eye by indicating the possibility of a relationship between two closely related things. Statistics
show that children today watch more television, while another shows children today read less. With
these two ideas we may predict a statistical relationship that children today read less because they
are watching more television. The down side to this approach is that correlation does not provide

The Importance Of The Scientific Method
The scientific method in the twenty–first century represents a major role of testing our hypothesis'
whether it is in the industry, school, market, or in our lives. We are constantly coming up with
theories or ideas and conducting experiments on these ideas without even realizing it. The scientific
method allows us to expand our knowledge in certain fields that we are mastered in or helps us
learn new possibilities that we are not aware of. The use of chemistry and the scientific method is
important to incorporate into our lives and society.
The Scientific Method
The scientific method is defined as " a way of learning that emphasizes observation and
experimentation– to understand the world" (Tro, 2015, p. 6). The scientific method involves major
characteristics such as an observation. When making an observation, it can simply be by looking at
a sample with your eyes or by using instruments that can make observing a sample easier, such as a
microscope. Next, the scientist would formulate a hypothesis. Formulating a hypothesis is simply
stating what the scientist observed and what they want to explore and measure. Following the
creating of a hypothesis comes conducting an experiment using the hypothesis. Conducting an
experiment is a "highly controlled observations designed to validate or invalidate hypotheses" (Tro,
2015, p. 6). Lastly, the scientific method concludes with laws and theories. In some cases,
experiments and observations can lead to the development of a

Scientific approach can be defined as the involvement of standards and procedures for demonstrating
the empirical warrant of its findings, showing the match or fit between its statements and what is
happening or has happened in the world. Scientific approaches to understanding the world can be
distinguished from other approaches in two fundamental and irrelevant ways, firstly, an approach
that claim to be scientific irrespective of whether or not it originates in the field of natural or human
science must demonstrably have empirical relevance to the world. Empirical relevance involves
showing that any statements, descriptions and explanations used or derived from this approach can
be verified or checked out in the world and secondly, an...show more content...
Anthony Giddens contends that, the conception that sociology belongs to the natural sciences, and
hence would slavishly try to copy their procedures and objectives, is a mistaken one. He based
his objection in part, on the premise that we cannot treat human activities as though they were
determined by causes in the say way as natural events are. He also contends that the rigid cause
effect approach of the natural sciences cannot be imported into the study of sociology. According
to him, institutions are a result of the peculiar ways in which groups in society structure their
living. Society or social facts cannot be approached as we do objects or events in the natural world
because societies only exist in so far as they are created and re–created in our own action as human
beings. In social theory, we cannot treat human activities as though they were determined by causes
in the same way as natural events are.
Much social theory including that of Durkheim is pervaded by a tendency to think in terms of
physical imagery, a tendency, which can have damaging consequences. Social systems involve
patterns of relationships among individuals and groups. Many sociologists picture these patterns as
rather like the walls of a building, or the skeleton of a body. This is misleading because it implies
too static or unchanging an image of what societies are like, because it does not indicate that the
patterning of social systems only exists in so far as

Value of Science Essay
3/14/2013
Values
Science is undoubtedly a very important part of growing as the human race. It has improved our
lives drastically from the first stone tools, to iPods and cars we drive. But what is it really that
matters when it comes to science? Material things are not the only things that science gives
humanity. Richard Feynman explains his point of view of the values of science, and on how
science is used to create things beneficial and afflicting, how the values behind science are affected
by society, and how science affects people. The very first point brought up ismorality. Science is not
morally oriented to do good or bad and can easily do either. Feynman referenced a Buddhist proverb
he heard while visiting Honolulu, "To...show more content...
For example, recently we had a large hoopla about stem cell research because of the supposed
"farming babies". When in reality, the stem cells were in vitro fertilized eggs from artificially
inseminated parents that would have been thrown away. Those extra fertilized eggs contained cells
that have the capability of creating any cell in the human body, and with the future possibility of
growing replacement/repair body parts of patients; it would have been a huge leap in the medical
field. But because of our own ignorance to the science behind it, we effectively closed the continuum
of scientific progress. Feynman wrote a small poetic section putting into perspective how great and
complicated humans are, but showing how miniscule they are compared to the universe. Also, how
it is a "religious experience" to have you put into perspective through science itself. He says that
artists and singers won't sing about it because not everyone can understand the science, but the
scientists who can explain it.
The last value of science is the methodology behind being a scientist. Feynman explains how all
scientists have lots of experience with "ignorance and doubt" and after time, effort, testing and
further degrees of uncertainty, subjects can still are unsure, with doubt, and uncertainty. Logic, data,
critical thinking and reasoning can only be as important of understanding. The understanding of the
numerous struggles within science has been

Evaluation Of A Socio Scientific Issue Essay
ology 3.2 AS91602
Informed Response to a socio–scientific issue
Immunisation is the process whereby a person is made immune or resistant to an infectious disease,
typically by the administration of a vaccine. Vaccines stimulate the body's own immune system to
protect the person against subsequent infection or disease. This socio–scientific issue is one that
affects everyone in the world but also in our own nation of New Zealand. In New Zealand
currently immunisation is not compulsory, however there is a considerable psychological (medical
and societal) pressure to vaccinate. But the question still stands and is highly debated all the time;
should immunisation be compulsory in New Zealand? This is a question that does affect every
person in New Zealand if you currently have an opinion on it or not. The choice to not immunise
does not just affect you! This is why I have chosen this socio–scientific issue, as it is very important
to have an understanding of the benefits and or consequences.
Concepts and processes
The biological concepts and processes behind immunisation continue to develop and improve. But
the biological concept of immunisation is fairly simple for any person to get an understanding for.
Immunisation is a form of preventative medicine. Its aim is to protect individuals and communities
from infectious diseases. It operates on the premises that once you have had a disease, you are
unlikely to contact it again. It is said to operate like an early

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