The word embed refers that we are embedded some code to work the hardware. Or we can say we are integrating the programmed modules of hardware with big systems. These hardware modules are ICS.

1. Embedded Technology
Amit Sachdeva
Singsys Pte. Ltd.

2. What is Embedded
Technology ?

3. An embedded system is a computer system with a
dedicated function within a larger mechanical or
electrical system, often with real-time computing
constraints.

4. Few examples
General Purpose:Automobiles
 MP3
Cell phones
 GPS
Microwave
Network routers
Game consoles
Special Purpose :ATM machines, Medical Instruments, Aircraft,
Satellites

5. Schematic (a example)
Output
device
(screen)
Input
program
CPU
Memory
Sensors
to measure
physical
values
bus
Permanent Memory
Actuators
to
control
physical
things

6. Challenges for developing a
embedded system
Security
Scalability
High availability
Performance-based interoperability
Real-time

7. Components
It has hardware
It has main application software
It has Real time operating system (RTOS).

8. Real-Time System
Hard Real Time System
Failure to meet deadlines is fatal
Example : Flight Control System
Soft Real Time System
Late completion of jobs is undesirable but not fatal.
System performance degrades as more & more jobs
miss deadlines

9. Role of RTOS in Embedded
system
Standalone Applications
Often no OS involved
Micro controller based Embedded Systems
Some Real Time Applications are huge & complex
Multiple threads
Complicated Synchronization Requirements
File system / Network / Windowing support
OS primitives reduce the software design time

10. Linux OS
Royalty free licensing.
Reliable IP stack and TCP/IP applications.
Open Source Kernel
Tool chain source codes are open source.

11. Kernel Types
Monolithic Kernel.
Modular kernel

12. Examples of RTOS
ETLinux
uLinux
muLinux
ArtLinux
KUART
Linux-Srt
Qlinux
RTAI

13. Firmware programming
C
Embedded C.
Assembly language.

14. RTOS programming
 C language.
System programming
Linux Internals.
Kernel Programming. (High + Low level)

15. Embedded vs Desktop
Programming
Limited ROM, RAM, stack space
Limited power
Limited computing capability
Real-time responses and controls
 critical timing (interrupt service routines,
tasks, …)
Reliability
Hardware-oriented programming

16. Thanks you.
Queries
Doubts
Discussions

17. Contact Us via
info@singsys.com
Phone-65613900