Presentation given at WISE 2003, 4th International Conference on Web Information Systems Engineering, Rome, Italy, December 2003 ABSTRACT: We present a general web-based information infrastructure capable of supporting the rapid development of highlyinteractive information environments that cater for widely varying requirements across application domains and all forms of fixed and mobile client devices. In particular, we describe how this infrastructure has been extended to support digitally augmented paper through a special transformation component that can map active areas of document pages to information objects so that user- and contextdependent interaction can be supported. Our infrastructure is sufficiently general and flexible to adapt to, not only emerging and even unanticipated technologies in the area of interactive paper, but also the rapidly expanding interaction sphere of hypermedia.

1. Switching over to Paper:
A New Web Channel
Moira C. Norrie
Beat Signer
Global Information Systems Research Group
Global Information Systems Group ETH Zurich
Department of Computer Science
Switzerland
ETH Zurich, Switzerland
WISE 2003, 12 December, 2003

2. Outline
Motivation
Paper++
integration of digital and printed
information
iServer
open hypermedia infrastructure for
mixed-media integration
Cross-media authoring
Global Information Systems Group
Applications
Department of Computer Science
ETH Zurich, Switzerland

3. The Myth of the Paperless Office
Global Information Systems Group
Department of Computer Science
ETH Zurich, Switzerland

4. Paper++
Enriching the use of
paper in everyday
settings
EU Project (Disappearing
Computer Programme)
Global Information Systems Group
Department of Computer Science Arjo Wiggins
ETH Zurich, Switzerland

5. Paper++ Document Encoding
Use translucent conduc-
tive ink to print a grid of
position information on
paper
page number, x and y
position
Use RFID tags (Radio
Frequency Identification)
for document identification
Global Information Systems Group
Department of Computer Science Information:
ETH Zurich, Switzerland
(DocID, pageNo, x, y)

6. Active Areas
Linking of active areas to
resource files
image
video clip
Global Information Systems Group
Department of Computer Science
ETH Zurich, Switzerland

7. Layers
Can introduce layers such that
shapes belong to a layer and we
return shape of “top active layer”
Anchor 1
Layer 5
P(x,y)
Anchor 2
Global Information Systems Group
Department of Computer Science Layer 10
ETH Zurich, Switzerland

8. iServer Mixed-Media Platform
link
Entities
Selectors Resources
Shape Page Query DB Object
Time Span / Movie Clip XPointer XHTML
Data/Metadata
Spatial Info Document
Global Information Systems Group
Department of Computer Science
ETH Zurich, Switzerland
Paper++ Application Database
Movie Clips HTML Documents

9. iServer with Paper++ Plug-in
parameter
(0,*)
HasAnchor HasTarget HasPrefs Prefs
(0,*) (0,*)
(0,*)
entity user
(0,*) (0,*) (0,*)
Entities AccessibleTo Users HasMembers
(1,*) (1,*) (1,1)
parameter link
(0,*)
(0,*) (0,*) partition partition
Properties HasProperties Links CreatedBy (0,*) individual group
Link Individuals Groups
User
layer selector resource
(0,*) (1,1) (1,1) (0,*) (0,*)
|Layers| OnLayer Selectors RefersTo Resources Contains
(0,*)
Resource
Active
Layers
layer
P aper
++ (1,1)
OnPage
(0,*)
Pages
page
Containers
resource textComp
Texts
medium
Media
shape
(0,*)
Shapes HasShapes (1,1)
medium
document
Contains (0,*) Movies
partition (2,*) Docs
Pages
rectangle polygon ellipse circle complexShape medium medium
Complex
Rectangles Polygons Ellipses Circles Images Webpages
Shapes
Global Information Systems Group
Department of Computer Science
ETH Zurich, Switzerland

10. iServer
Open hypermedia system for
mixed-media integration
General extensible link manager
bidirectional links
nested links
links over links
integrated user management
...
Linking of arbitrary physical and digital
Global Information Systems Group
Department of Computer Science
ETH Zurich, Switzerland
resources

11. Paper++ Architecture
Augmented encoded location
Document
HTTP request
(ID, page, (x,y))
HTTP response
iSERVER
Global Information Systems Group
Department of Computer Science
ETH Zurich, Switzerland
Barcode Transformer XIMA Server iServer with
and Output Device Paper++ Extension

12. Paper++ Authoring
Link Authoring
link sharing
presentation of links
derived links
Content Authoring
possible use of general content
management solutions
Various open authoring issues
paper-based authoring
Global Information Systems Group
Department of Computer Science
...
ETH Zurich, Switzerland

13. Global Information Systems Group
Department of Computer Science
ETH Zurich, Switzerland

14. Derived Paper to Paper Links
Animals Countries
Digitally Augmented Paper
This is an example paragraph of text
that is selectable within this page.
Nature Database
Derivation of links from inverse mapping of
Global Information Systems Group
Department of Computer Science
resources to areas
ETH Zurich, Switzerland

15. Zurich City Map
Global Information Systems Group
Department of Computer Science
ETH Zurich, Switzerland

16. Augmented Research Papers
Global Information Systems Group
Department of Computer Science
ETH Zurich, Switzerland

17. Mammography Annotations
Global Information Systems Group
Department of Computer Science
ETH Zurich, Switzerland

18. Ongoing Work
Collaborative link authoring and
knowledge sharing
(P2P version of iServer)
iServer media plug-ins (XHTML, movie
clips, sound files, still images, ...)
Combination of enhanced reading and
enhanced writing
Digitally augmented paper as output
Global Information Systems Group
Department of Computer Science
ETH Zurich, Switzerland channel of content management

19. Questions?
Global Information Systems Group
Department of Computer Science
ETH Zurich, Switzerland