- RuPay is an Indian domestic debit card launched in 2012 by the National Payments Corporation of India. It now has over 178 million cards issued, covering 36% of the Indian card payment market. - The Bharat QR code allows customers to scan merchant QR codes using banking or BHIM apps to make payments by entering an amount and authentication code. This eliminates the need for point-of-sale machines. - BHIM is a mobile app launched by NPCI in 2016 to allow money transfers through various payment modes using Aadhaar authentication. It aims to promote digital payments in India.