brief descriptions about the common vegetables which is very important for our daily diet

1. DESCRIPTIONS OF VEGETABLES
Department of Vegetable anD Spice cropS
Uttar banga KriShi ViSwaViDyalaya

2. TOMATO
 C . Name : Tomato
 B . Name : Lycopersicon esculentum
 Family: Solanaceae
 Origin : Mexico, Peru
 Crop features : Determinate ,indeterminate
 Edible part : Fruit
 Flower colour : Yellow
 Fruit type : Berry
 Mode of propagation : Seed-TP

3. BRINJAL
 C . Name : Brinjal
 B . Name : Solanum melongena
 Family: solanaceae
 Origin : Indo-China
 Crop features : Erect growing
 Edible part : Fruit
 Flower colour : Yellow
 Fruit type : Berry
 Mode of propagation : Seed-TP

4. CHILLI
 C . Name : Chilli
 B . Name : Capsicum annum
 Family: solanaceae
 Origin : S America
 Crop features : Small plant bush like growth
 Edible part : Fruit
 Flower colour : White
 Fruit type : Berry
 Mode of propagation : Seed-TP

5. OKRA
 C . Name : Okra
 B . Name : Abelmoschus esculentus
 Family: Malvaceae
 Origin : S. America
 Crop features : Erect plant stand
 Edible part : Pod
 Flower colour : Whitish-yellow
 Fruit type : Pod
 Mode of propagation : Seed-DS

6. BOTTLE GOURD
 C . Name : Bottle gourd
 B . Name : Lagenaria siceraria
 Family: Cucurbitaceae
 Origin : S. Africa
 Crop features : Viny in nature
 Edible part : Fruit , Leaves
 Flower colour : White
 Fruit type : Berry
 Mode of propagation : Seed

7. PUMPKIN
 C . Name : Pumpkin
 B . Name : Cucurbita moschata
 Family: Cucurbitaceae
 Origin : America
 Crop features : Viny in nature
 Edible part : Fruit, Leaves
 Flower colour : Yellow
 Fruit type : Berry
 Mode of propagation : Seed-TP

8. ASH GOURD
 C . Name : Ash gourd
 B . Name : Benincasa hispida
 Family: Cucurbitaceae
 Origin : Malaysia
 Crop features : Viny in nature
 Edible part : Fruit
 Flower colour : Yellow
 Fruit type : Berry
 Mode of propagation : Seed

9. BITTER GOURD
 C . Name : Bitter gourd
 B . Name : Momordica charantia
 Family: Cucurbitaceae
 Origin : India
 Crop features : Viny in nature
 Edible part : Fruit
 Flower colour : White
 Fruit type : Berry
 Mode of propagation : Seed

10. CUCUMBER
 C . Name : Cucumber
 B . Name : Cucumis sativus
 Family: Cucurbitaceae
 Origin : China/India
 Crop features : Viny in nature
 Edible part : Fruit
 Flower colour : Yellow
 Fruit type : Berry
 Mode of propagation : Seed-TP

11. WATER MELON
 C . Name : Water melon
 B . Name : Citrullus lanatus
 Family: Cucurbitaceae
 Origin : S. Africa
 Crop features : Viny in nature
 Edible part : Fruit
 Flower colour : Yellow
 Fruit type : Berry
 Mode of propagation : Seed

12. MUSK MELON
 C . Name : Musk melon
 B . Name : Cucumis melo
 Family: Cucurbitaceae
 Origin : Asia Minor
 Crop features : Viny in nature
 Edible part : Fruit
 Flower colour : White
 Fruit type : Berry
 Mode of propagation : Seed

13. RIDGE GOURD
 C . Name : Ridge gourd
 B . Name : Luffa acutangula
 Family: Cucurbitaceae
 Origin : India
 Crop features : Viny in nature
 Edible part : Fruit
 Flower colour : Yellow
 Fruit type : Berry
 Mode of propagation : Seed-TP

14. SPONGE GOURD
 C . Name : Dhundul
 B . Name : Luffa cylindrica
 Family: Cucurbitaceae
 Origin : India
 Crop features : Viny in nature
 Edible part : Fruit
 Flower colour : Yellow
 Fruit type : Pepo
 Mode of propagation : Seed

15. SNAKE GOURD
 C . Name : Snake gourd
 B . Name : Trichosanthes anguina
 Family: Cucurbitaceae
 Origin : India
 Crop features : Viny in nature
 Edible part : Fruit
 Flower colour : White
 Fruit type : Berry
 Mode of propagation : Seed

16. CHOW CHOW
 C . Name : Squash
 B . Name : Sechium edule
 Family: Cucurbitaceae
 Origin : America
 Crop features : Viny in nature
 Edible part : Fruit
 Flower colour : White
 Fruit type : Pepo
 Mode of propagation : Whole
fruit/stem cutting/root cutting

17. POINTED GOURD
 C . Name : Pointed gourd
 B . Name : Trichosanthes dioica
 Family: Cucurbitaceae
 Origin : India
 Crop features : Viny in nature
 Edible part : Fruit
 Flower colour : Yellowish-white
 Fruit type : Berry
 Mode of propagation : Cutting

18. SWEET GOURD
 C . Name : Sweet gourd
 B . Name : Momordica cochinchinensis
 Family: Cucurbitaceae
 Origin : India
 Crop features : Viny in nature
 Edible part : Fruit
 Flower colour : White
 Fruit type : Berry
 Mode of propagation : Seed

19. LITTLE GOURD
 C . Name : Ivy gourd/ Kundru
 B . Name : Coccinia indica
 Family: Cucurbitaceae
 Origin : India
 Crop features : Viny in nature
 Edible part : Fruit
 Flower colour : White
 Fruit type : Pepo
 Mode of propagation : Seed
 Sex form : Dioecious

20. CABBAGE
 C . Name : Cabbage
 B . Name : Brassica oleracea var. capitata
 Family: Cruciferae
 Origin : Mediterranean Region
 Crop features : Small , cp, compact head
 Edible part : Head
 Flower colour : Yellow
 Fruit type : Siliqua
 Mode of propagation : Seed-TP

21. CAULIFLOWER
 C . Name : Cauliflower
 B . Name : B. oleracea var. botrytis
 Family: Cruciferae
 Origin : Mediterranean Region
 Crop features : Flower bud white
 Edible part : Prefloral apical meristem
 Flower colour : Yellow
 Fruit type : Siliqua
 Mode of propagation : Seed-TP

22. KNOLKHOL
 C . Name : Knolkhol
 B . Name : B. oleracea var. gangylodes
 Family: Cruciferae
 Origin : Mediterranean Region
 Crop features : Seed head
 Edible part : Modified Stem
 Flower colour : Yellow
 Fruit type : Siliqua
 Mode of propagation : Seed-TP

23. BROCCOLI
 C . Name :
 B . Name :B. oleracea var. italica
 Family:Cruciferae
 Crop features :
 Edible part:
 Mode of propagation :Seed

24. BRUSSELS SPROUT
 C . Name :
 B . Name :B. oleracea var. gemmifera
 Family:Cruciferae
 Crop features :
 Edible part:
 Mode of propagation :Seed

25. CHINESE CABBAGE
 C . Name :
 B . Name :B. chinensis
 Family:Cruciferae
 Crop features :
 Edible part:
 Mode of propagation :

26. ONION
 C . Name : Onion
 B . Name : Allium cepa
 Family: Alliaceae
 Origin : Central Asia
 Crop features : Flower stalk long produce seeds
 Edible part : Bulb
 Flower colour : White
 Fruit type : Bulb
 Mode of propagation : Seed-bulb

27. GARLIC
 C . Name : Garlic
 B . Name : Allium sativum
 Family: Alliaceae
 Origin : centrl Asia
 Crop features : Small, single plant looks like
bunch
 Edible part : Clove
 Flower colour : White
 Fruit type : Bulb
 Mode of propagation : Clove, Bulbets

28. LEEK
 C . Name : LEEK
 B . Name : Allium porrum
 Family: Alliaceae
 Origin : centrl Asia
 Crop features : Monocot,non
bulbous,Upright,Narrow Flat leaf
 Edible part : Leaf and swollen stem
 Flower colour :
 Fruit type :
 Mode of propagation : Seed,

29. FRENCH BEAN
 C . Name : French Bean
 B . Name : Phaseolus vulgaris
 Family: Leguminosae
 Origin : Mexico, Central America
 Crop features : Bushy growth
 Edible part : Pod
 Flower colour : Purple
 Fruit type :
 Mode of propagation : Seed

30. GARDEN PEA
 C . Name : Garden pea
 B . Name : Pisum sativum
 Family: Leguminosae
 Origin : Middle Asia
 Crop features : Small bushy plant
 Edible part : Immature seed
 Flower colour : White, Purple
 Fruit type : Pod
 Mode of propagation : Seed-DS

31. CLUSTER BEAN
 C . Name : Cluster bean
 B . Name : Cyamopsis tetragonoloba
 Family: Leguminosae
 Origin : India-Pakistan
 Crop features : Bushy growth
 Edible part : Pod
 Flower colour : Purple
 Fruit type :
 Mode of propagation : Seed

32. DOLICHOS BEAN
 C . Name : Dolichos bean
 B . Name : Dolichus lablab
 Family: Leguminosae
 Origin : South East Asia
 Crop features : Bushy growth
 Edible part : Pod
 Flower colour : Purple
 Fruit type :
 Mode of propagation : Seed-DS

33. COWPEA
 C . Name : Cowpea
 B . Name : Vigna anguiculata
 Family: Leguminosae
 Origin : Africa
 Crop features : Fodder, green manuring crop
 Edible part : Pod
 Flower colour : Purple
 Fruit type : Pod
 Mode of propagation : Seed-DS

34. POTATO
 C . Name : Potato
 B . Name : Solanum tuberosum
 Family: Solanaceae
 Origin : Peru, Bolivia
 Crop features : Small,erect, high starch content
 Edible part : Stem tuber
 Flower colour : Whitish
 Fruit type : Tuber
 Mode of propagation : Seed-Tuber

35. SWEET POTATO
 C . Name : Sweet potato
 B . Name : Ipomoea batatas
 Family: Convolvulaceae
 Origin : Central and South America
 Crop features : small, erect
 Edible part : Root tuber
 Flower colour : Whitish purple
 Fruit type : Tuber
 Mode of propagation : Stem cutting

36. ELEPHANT FOOT YAM
 C . Name : ol
 B . Name : Amorphophillus campanulatus
 Family: Araceae
 Origin :Tropical Asia
 Crop features : Monocot, upright,
 Edible part : Corms
 Flower colour :Yellowish green
 Fruit type :Berries
 Mode of propagation :Offsets, Corms

37. COLOCASIA
 C . Name : Taro
 B . Name : Colocasia esculenta
 Family: Araceae
 Origin : South central Asia
 Crop features :Monocot, Upright,
 Edible part :Stem Tuber
 Flower colour :Greenish yellow
 Fruit type :
 Mode of propagation :Corms,Cormels,Head sets

38. ASPARAGUS
 C . Name :Hillue
 B . Name : Asparagus officinalis
 Family: Liliaceae
 Origin : Europe, Asia, Africa
 Crop features : Monocot, Dioecious herb
 Edible part : Spears
 Flower colour :Yellowish green
 Fruit type :
 Mode of propagation :Seed

39. AMARANTH
 C . Name :Lal sag
 B . Name : Amaranthus tricolor
 Family: Amaranthaceae
 Origin :India
 Crop features : Dicot, Annual herb
 Edible part :Leaf, Stem
 Flower colour :
 Fruit type :
 Mode of propagation :Seed

40. BASELLA
 C . Name : Poi/Indian spinach
 B . Name : Basella alba, Basella rubra
 Family:Basellaceae
 Origin :India
 Crop features : Dicot, Annual or biennial herb,
 Edible part :Leaf, Stem
 Flower colour :white flower
 Fruit type :
 Mode of propagation :Seed

41. CARRO
T
 C . Name : Gajjar
 B . Name : Daucus Carota
 Family: Umbelliferae
 Origin :Central Asia
 Crop features :Dicot, herb
 Edible part: Fleshy root
 Flower colour : White
 Fruit type : Pod
 Mode of propagation :Seed

42. RADISH
 C . Name : Mulli
 B . Name : Raphanus sativus
 Family: Cruciferae
 Origin : Central Asia
 Crop features :Dicot, Pot herb
 Edible part: Fleshy root
 Flower colour : White
 Fruit type : Pod/Siliqua
 Mode of propagation :Seed

43. BEET ROOT
 C . Name :Chukandar
 B . Name : Beta vulgaris var. bengalensis
 Family: Chenopodiaceae
 Origin :Mediterranean region
 Crop features :Dicot, Pot herb
 Edible part: Fleshy root
 Flower colour : without corolla, but with
green calyx
 Fruit type :
 Mode of propagation :Seed

44. TURNIP
 C . Name :
 B . Name : B. compestris var. rapa
 Family:Cruciferae
 Crop features :
 Edible part:
 Mode of propagation :

45. SPINACH
 C . Name : Vilayati Palak
 B . Name : Spinacia oleracea
 Family: Chenopodiaceae
 Origin :Central Asia
 Crop features :Dicot, Pot herb
 Edible part: Leave, Stem
 Flower colour :
 Fruit type :
 Mode of propagation :Seed

46. LETTUCE
 C . Name :
 B . Name : Lactuca sativa
 Family: Compositae/Asteraceae
 Origin :Meditteranean region
 Crop features :Dicot, Salad crop
 Edible part: Head and Leaves
 Mode of propagation :Seed

47. CHICORY
 C . Name :
 B . Name :Cichorium intybus
 Family:CompositaeAsteraceae
 Crop features :
 Edible part:
 Mode of propagation :

48. ARTICHOKE
 C . Name :
 B . Name : Cynara scolymus
 Family:CompositaeAsteraceae
 Crop features :
 Edible part:
 Mode of propagation :

49. JERUSALEM ARTICHOKE
 C . Name :
 B . Name : Helianthes tuberosus
 Family:CompositaeAsteraceae
 Crop features :
 Edible part:
 Mode of propagation :

50. ROUND MELON
 C . Name :
 B . Name : Praecitrullus fistulosus
 Family: Cucurbitaceae
 Origin:
 Edible part:
 Mode of propagation :

51. WINTER SQUASH
 C . Name :
 B . Name: Cucurbita maxima
 Family: Cucurbitaceae
 Origin:
 Edible part:
 Mode of propagation :

52. IVY GOURD
 C . Name :
 B . Name:Coccinia indica
 Family: Cucurbitaceae
 Origin:
 Edible part:
 Mode of propagation :

53. SWEET GOURD
 C . Name :
 B . Name:Momordica
cochinchinensisMomordica cochinchinensis
 Family:Cucurbitaceae
 Origin:
 Edible part:
 Mode of propagation :

54. SPINE GOURD
 C . Name :
 B . Name: Momordica dioic
 Family:Cucurbitaceae
 Origin: India
 Edible part:
 Mode of propagation :

55. CASSAVA
 C . Name :
 B . Name:Manihot esculanta
 Family:Euphorbiaceae
 Origin:
 Edible part:
 Mode of propagation :

56. CHINESE POTATO
 C . Name :
 B . Name:Coleus perviriflorus
 Family:Labiate
 Origin:
 Edible part:
 Mode of propagation :

57. BROAD BEAN
 C . Name :
 B . Name Vicia faba
 Family: Leguminosae/Fabaceae
 Origin:
 Edible part:
 Mode of propagation :

58. LIMA BEAN
 C . Name :
 B . NamePhaseolus lunatus
 Family: Leguminosae/Fabaceae
 Origin:
 Edible part:
 Mode of propagation :

59. FENUGREEK
 C . Name :
 B . Name:Trigonella foenum graecum
 Family:Leguminosae/Fabaceae
 Origin:
 Edible part:
 Mode of propagation :

60. SOYA BEAN
 C . Name :
 B . Name: Glycine max
 Family:Leguminosae/Fabaceae
 Origin:
 Edible part:
 Mode of propagation :

61. DRUM STICK
 C . Name :
 B . Name: Moringa oleifera
 Family: Moringaceae
 Origin:
 Edible part:
 Mode of propagation :

62. RHUBARB
 C . Name :
 B . Name:Rheum rhaponticum
 Family:Polygonaceae
 Origin:
 Edible part:
 Mode of propagation :

63. SORREL
 C . Name :
 B . Name:Rumex acetosa
 Family:Polygonaceae
 Origin:
 Edible part:
 Mode of propagation :