Composer 從入門到實戰

是
2016/09/22
主 'Shengyou'Fan
PHP' 'Day'#28

Composer 是PHP Day #28
好
https://youtu.be/1cABv5Ou0oE
http://www.slideshare.net/shengyou/
composerJfromscratch
https://github.com/laravelJdojo/
20160922JphpJtheJdayJdemo

{'
''''"name":'"shengyou/self>introduction",'
''''"description":'" 還增",'
''''"authors":'['
''''''''{'
''''''''''''"name":'"主 '(Shengyou'Fan)",'
''''''''''''"email":'"shengyoufan@gmail.com",'
''''''''''''"homepage":'"http://www.shengyoufan.com",'
''''''''''''"company":'" 覺 '(The'Qwan)",'
''''''''''''"role":'[" 兩 ",'"Laravel' ⼀一以"]'
''''''''}'
''''],'
''''"support":'{'
''''''''"facebook":'"http://fb.me/shengyoufan",'
''''''''"twitter":'"@shengyou"'
''''}'
}

只
•
• Composer
• Composer
• Composer 啊
• 不
•

PHP
三只
HTTP
⾝身
要成會
index.php
posts.php
inc/
libs/
出⼼心再
多
A
B
classes/
bootstrap.php
那 URL
php 再

include 實
//' 'lib1' 'Class'
include'__DIR__'.'"/libs/lib1/Class.php";'
//'lib1' 那 'lib2' 'lib3'
//'lib2' 那 'lib4'
//'lib3' 那 'lib999'
include'__DIR__'.'"/libs/lib999/Class.php";

多 new 多⾯面
//' 'Class'
$class'='new'MyClass();'
//' 'Class' 然'
PHP'Fatal'error:''Class''MyClass''not'found'
in'scripts.php'on'line'x

那都
libs/
A
B
C
E E
話情
D D
道
A
v.2v.1

Composer
• 點
• 嗎那都
• 第
• 於最
•

composer.phar
再
+ +
git
果
php 5.3.2
(openssl extension)

*nix 發
php'>r'"copy('https://getcomposer.org/installer',''composer>setup.php');"'
php'>r'"..."'
php'composer>setup.php'
php'>r'"unlink('composer>setup.php');"
installer' 不發太 'Composer' 樣
能樣網 'composer.phar'
會
mv'composer.phar'/usr/local/bin/composer
'composer' 不想學
https://getcomposer.org/download/'

Windows 發
• 中 Composer 起 for Windows
• 那起看能同看
Composer 那 PHP網起 php.exe
道網 PHP 道起⼼心
https://getcomposer.org/Composer>Setup.exe

wagon 已
• wagon Laravel 享 PHP/Laravel 發
網去 Cmder因Composer因git
AMP網 wagon網家 wagon Cmder
已 Composer
P.S'wagon' 去 'cmder'發中 'Composer'發
不網今不⼼心
http://www.laravel>dojo.com/opensource/wagon
Laravel wagon與

再
• Composer PHAR 再 (PHP archive)網
感 PHP Runtime 有 ( )
• composer.phar 道成會網
想學與
$'php'composer.phar'[command]

• 想學著增網想學與
$'[php]'composer[.phar]'[>>version]

Composer
• 上 Composer網 bug-
ﬁx
$'[php]'composer[.phar]'self>update

PHP
• HTTP PHP CLI PHP
個 CLI PHP 個 CLI PHP 定
$'php'>v $'php'>r'"echo'PHP_BINARY;"

次 extension
• HTTP CLI php.ini
個 CLI PHP
php.ini ⼼心
$'php'>>ini
個 CLI extension
$'php'>m

XDebug 今下
• Composer XDebug
alias 過 XDebug
alias'composer='php'>n'/usr/local/bin/composer'
⽣生網都做 ^.<

Composer
• 為成會
• Composer
$'cd'~/Code/{MyProject}
$'composer'init
(那給 'composer.json)

{'
''''"name":'"{vendor/package}",'
''''"type":'"project",'
''''"license":'"proprietary",'
''''"authors":'['
''''''''{'
''''''''''''"name":'"{author'name}",'
''''''''''''"email":'"{author'email}"'
''''''''}'
''''],'
''''"minimum>stability":'"stable",'
''''"require":'{'
''''''''"{vendor/package}":'"{version}"'
''''},'
''''"autoload":'{}'
}
Composer ⼼心再

時⼈人
• PHP 都與Packagist.org
• PHP ⽤用網⾃自
說因那
/ 說
P.S Composer Packagist

$'composer'require'{vendor}/{project}'
$'composer'install

$'composer'update

⼼心
<?php'
require'__DIR__.'/vendor/autoload.php';
多 'require

多網 …

新
X Y Z
Major
Breaks
Minor
Features
Patch
Fixes
. .

0.1.0 0.2.0 1.0.1 1.1.0
0.1.1 1.0.0 1.0.2 2.0.0
'
享
享 '
'
'
享
'
'
'
'

Version Constraints
Exact Match 1.2.3 1.2.3
Wildcard Range 1.0.* >=1.0 <1.1
Hyphen Range 1.0 - 2.0 >=1.0.0 <2.1
Tilde Operator ~1.2 >=1.2 <2.0
Caret Operator
^1.2.3
^0.3
>=1.2.3 <2.0
>=0.3.0 <0.4.0
Stability Flags
@stable
@dev
dev > alpha > beta > RC > stable
⼼心種 stable網 @ 想

^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
^與 ^嗎 Composer
網上中 Copmposer

所多得
• 網 composer'require
• 樣 composer.json 網
composer'validate
• 情這網太⽂文 dev-master 的
* ( 全在裡 Packagist )
• ⼿手把 SemVer ⾏行 ( 享很把
)
• 樣所多樂網中
Packagist Semver Checker 多

json 再 lock 再!?
年 commit VCS

• composer.json
- 那⼼心
• composer.lock
- 知
• vendor
- 起

(lock'再 )
After'installing'the'dependencies,'Composer'writes'
the'list'of'the'exact'versions'it'installed'into'a'
composer.lock'file.
This'locks'the'project'to'those'specific'versions.

VCS
update install
jsonV.S lock

/vendor'
/node_modules'
composer.phar
.gitignore

install 的 update
想學歡網 …

1. 'composer.lock' 太最 '
2. 最網 'composer'update' '
3. 最網那 'lock' 'package'
$'[php]'composer[.phar]'install

1. 'composer.json'再'
2. ⼼心網作 ''
3. 作 'packages'
4. 'composer.lock
$'[php]'composer[.phar]'update

• $'composer'install
- (git'clone) 網
那
• $'composer'update
- composer.json
-
( composer.lock 再)
( 那快沒後第 )

能⾏行
• 能⾏行與
- 錯 (recca0120/laravel>tracy)
- 發 (vlucas/phpdotenv)
- 說對都 (robmorgan/phinx)
- 可說對 (fzaninotto/faker)
- (nesbot/carbon)

錯
$'composer'require'recca0120/laravel>tracy
• 起給
• 起多等如網全⽅方好
• print_r()因var_dump() 發⼦子
• 說對 sql 新情

use'Recca0120LaravelTracyTracy;'
Tracy::instance();'
//'sql'log'helper'
function'sql($sql)'{'
' $tracy'='Tracy::instance();'
' $databasePanel'='$tracy>>getPanel('database');'
' $databasePanel>>logQuery($sql);'
}

發
$'composer'require'vlucas/phpdotenv
• 說多起
• 都不網說
都都
• 起網⼼心說

//'bootstrap.php'
use'DotenvDotenv;'
$dotenv'='new'Dotenv(__DIR__);'
$dotenv>>load();'
include'__DIR__.'/inc/database.php';'
//'inc/database.php'
define('DB_HOST','getenv('DB_HOST'));'
define('DB_PORT','getenv('DB_PORT'));'
//'...

說對都
$'composer'require'robmorgan/phinx
• 起都網說對
• 網說對
• 看說對本
• 說對也也

//'init'phinx'
$'vendor/bin/phinx'init'.'
//'edit'phinx.yml'
environments:'
''''development:'
''''''''adapter:'mysql'
''''''''host:'127.0.0.1'
''''''''//'...'
//'create'folders'
$'mkdir'>p'db/migrations'db/seeds

//'create'migration'class'
$'vendor/bin/phinx'create'CreatePostsTable'
//'write'migration'script'
$table'='$this>>table('posts');'
$table>>addColumn('title',''string')'
' >>addColumn('content',''text')'
' >>addColumn('created_at',''timestamp')'
' >>addColumn('updated_at',''timestamp')'
' >>create();'
//'run'migrate'
$'vendor/bin/phinx'migrate

//'create'seeder'class'
$'vendor/bin/phinx'seed:create'PostSeeder'
//'truncate'table'first'
$this>>execute('TRUNCATE'TABLE'posts');'
//'generate'seeding'data'
$data'='[...];'
$posts'='$this>>table('posts');'
$posts>>insert($data)'
' >>save();'
//'run'seeding'
$'vendor/bin/phinx'seed:run

可說對
$'composer'require'fzaninotto/faker
• 多說對起網每說對
aaa因xxx因asdf 我說對
• 剛因無說對
• 網可說對

use'FakerFactory'as'Faker;'
//'init'faker'
$faker'='Faker::create('zh_TW');'
$data[]'='['
' 'title''''=>'$faker>>realText(10),'
' 'content''=>'$faker>>realText(500),'
];

$'composer'require'nesbot/carbon
• date() 不著去
•
• 真真
• 新

use'CarbonCarbon;'
$data[]'='['
' 'title'''''''=>'$faker>>realText(10),'
' 'content'''''=>'$faker>>realText(500),'
' 'created_at''=>'Carbon::now()'
' ' ' ' ' ' >>subDays($total'>'$index),'
' 'updated_at''=>'Carbon::now()'
' ' ' ' ' ' >>subDays($total'>'$index)'
' ' ' ' ' ' >>addHours(rand(1,'24)),'
];

{'
''''"autoload":'{'
''''''''"psr>4":'{...},'
''''''''"classmap":'[...],'
''''''''"files":'[...]'
''''},'
''''"autoload>dev":'{'
''''''''"psr>4":'{...},'
''''''''"classmap":'[...],'
''''''''"files":'[...]'
''''},'
}
$'vim'composer.json

psr>4
{'
''''"autoload":'{'
''''''''"psr>4":'{'
''''''''''''"App":'"app/"'
''''''''}'
''''}'
}
$'composer'dump>autoload

index.php
composer.lock
composer.json
vendor/
app/
autoload.php
MyAwesomeClass.php
<?php'
namespace'App;'
class'MyAwesomeClass'extends'SuperPower'
{'
''''//'...'
}

index.php
composer.lock
composer.json
vendor/
app/
autoload.php
MyAwesomeClass.php
<?php'
require'__DIR__.'/vendor/autoload.php';'
use'AppMyAwesomeClass;'
$awesomeness'='new'MyAwesomeClass();'
?>

classmap
{'
''''"autoload":'{'
''''''''"classmap":'['
'''''''''''"libs"'
'''''''']'
''''}'
}

index.php
composer.lock
composer.json
vendor/
libs/
autoload.php
my>old>school>class.php
<?php'
class'my_old_school_class'
{'
''''//'...'
}

index.php
composer.lock
composer.json
vendor/
libs/
autoload.php
my>old>school>class.php
<?php'
$oldschool'='new'my_old_school_class();'
?>

files
{'
''''"autoload":'{'
''''''''"files":'{'
''''''''''''"helpers/my>functions.php"'
''''''''},'
''''}'
}

index.php
composer.lock
composer.json
vendor/
helpers/
autoload.php
my>functions.php
<?php'
if'(!'function_exists('super_power'))'{'
''''function'super_power()'{'
''''''''//...'
''''}'
}

index.php
composer.lock
composer.json
vendor/
helpers/
autoload.php
my>functions.php
<?php'
?>'
<!>>'...'>>>'
''''<h1><?='super_power()'?></h1>'
<!>>'...'>>>

• 那 Composer
• Composer
• 不
•
• 很

Legacy 開
⽇日和和
http://www.theqwan.com/contact

覺 JetBrains 麼才
更回網 PhpStrom ⼀一
更很

Laravel
http://www.laravel-dojo.com
事 PHP/Laravel ⼀一更

動 Composer 想到
PHP
Composer
https://goo.gl/OfJK3C
⽇日 email網

PHPConf Taiwan 2016
PHP 間網 2016/10/29 現們

Q & A
您⽇日就

Composer 從入門到實戰

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