1. Recreational SCUBA Diving
Presented by Shaun Sykes

2. Topics of Discussion
• SCUBA – Its meaning and history
• Equipment
• How to dive/types of dives
• After you learn, what then?
• Health and safety
• Dive sites and statistics
• Summary

3. What Does it Mean? History?
• SCUBA – Self Contained Underwater Breathing
Aparatus
• Long history dating back from 332 BC
• Modern fins, mask and snorkel tubes were
developed by fishermen from America, Russia,
France and England in the 1920s and 1930s

4. History continued
• Recreational SCUBA Diving began between 1942
- 1943, after Emile Gagnan and Captain Hacques –
Yves Cousteau developed the self-contained
“Aqua-Lung” and new regulator that was
automatic.
• Cousteau took many successful, experimental
dives with his friends, wife and two sons, making
this an experimental family trip and experience.

5. Equipment
• Mask- Device • Fins – Device put on
covering eyes and the feet to extend the
nose, allowing you to kicking motion
see underwater underwater.

6. Equipment continued
• BCD or BC – • Regulator – Device
(Buoyancy
that delivers air to you
compensator device)
Device/jacket that on demand at reduced
controls buoyancy up pressure
or down

7. Equipment continued
• Pressure gauge – (SPG-
Submersible Pressure • Weights – Lead
Gauge) Device that tells weights used to weigh
diver how much air they down divers for depth
have left
decent

8. Equipment continued
• Body suit – Warm
• Snorkel – Device used
temperature suit that
to breath air close to or protects the body
on the surface of the against abrasions and
water stings

9. Equipment continued
• Wet suit – Insulated • Dry suit – Used to
suit used to keep the keep the diver dry and
body temperature in warm in colder
temperatures

10. Equipment continued
Gloves Hood Boots Knife
A Light Watch Scooter

11. Recommended diving apparel
Temperature What to wear
• High 80s - A Lycra body suit, a shorty, or a
dive jacket (the top of a two-piece
suit)
• - A shorty, a dive jacket, or a full-
80º - 90º F
length, one-piece, 3mm wet suit
- A 3mm one-piece jumpsuit, or a
• 75º - 80ºF two-piece wet suit
- A 5mm full-length wetsuit, a two-
• 70º - 80ºF
piece wetsuit, or a dry suit with
light weight insulating garments
- A 7mm full-length two-piece
• 50º - 70ºF wetsuit with gloves and hood, or
a dry suit with insulating
garments
• Below 50ºF - A dry suit with insulating
garments, hood, gloves or mitts,
and possibly face mask

12. How to dive/types of dives
• Types of dives – Boat, • If on a boat or pier
shore, pier 1. Giant Stride
• How to enter the water
– if on shore, walk 2. Backward roll
into the water without 3. Controlled Seated
fins, then put them on entry
in the water 4. Group entry
- If entering rough
water, put fins on and
walk in backwards

13. How to dive/types of dives
continued
• Decent
• Travel under water
• Hand signals
• Ascent
Other types of dives –
• Seawater, Freshwater, Wreck, Cave, Night, Drift
and Ice

14. After You Learn, then what?
Levels of Specifications
• Pre-open water • Specialties open to
certification – Open Water recreational divers –
Certified Underwater photography
• Non – professional or videography, wreck
certification – Advanced diving, night diving, boat
SCUBA diver and Master diving, ice diving, cavern
SCUBA diver
diving, dry suit diving,
• Professional –
Nitrox diving, search and
Divemaster, Skin-diving
instructor, assistant recovery, career diver, etc.
instructor and Instructor

15. Health and Safety – the hazards
of diving
• Overexertion
• How soon to fly after
diving – old vs. new • Nitrogen Narcosis
philisophy • Carbon monoxide
• DCS – Epidermal or poisoning
cutaneous, muscular, joint • Gastrointestinal
and limb pain and barotrauma
neuroligical • Heart problems
• Hypothermia • Ear infections
• Hyperthermia • Nosebleeds
• Cramps Breathing problems
• Overexertion Dehydration
• Nitrogen Narcosis Diving while pregnant

16. Dive sites
• Worldwide: Papua, New • United States: The
Guines, Egyption Red Hawaiian Islands, Florida
Sea, Galapagos Islands, Keys, Catalina Island,
Equador, Great Barrier California and many
Reef, Australia, The oceans, rivers, lakes and
Maldives, India, Great quarrys
White Wall, Fiji,
Bunhaken Island,
Indonesia, Blue Corner,
Palau and the Caribbean

17. Statistics
• 8.5 million certified SCUBA divers in the
U.S., and 14.5 to 15.5 million divers
worldwide
• Top 6 states for SCUBA certification:
Florida, California, Hawaii, Texas, Illinois
and New York

18. Summary
• SCUBA – Its meaning and history
• Equipment
• How to dive/types of dives
• After you learn, what then?
• Dive sites and statistics
• Health and safety

19. Web sites for SCUBA access,
research and resources
• PADI (Professional Association of Diving Instructors)-
http://www.padi.com
• DAN (Divers Alert Network) -
http://www.diversalertnetwork.org
• NAUI (National Association of Underwater Instructors)-
http://www.naui.com
• The Ultimate SCUBA source -
http://www.scubasearch.com
• About SCUBA diving - http://scuba.about.com
• Joe Diver America - http://www.joediveramerica.com