A table summarising the content in virology of the pathology course of 2nd year medical school in Cambridge.

1. Genome Coat Additional Genome
Example Resulting Replica-
Approx. Fragmen- Capsid Capsid proteins Life cycle infect- Other
Type Family Envelope species disease tion
size tation shape size present ious?
tumours in
polyomavirus
papova- rodents
viridae 5-8kbp: tumours in
- icosahedral 50nm - SV40 -
(papilloma-
small rodents * stimulate
polyoma-
vacuolating) warts, cell into cell
papillomavirus
carcinoma cycle!
adeno- 35kbp: * herpes
- icosahedral 80nm - adenovirus resp disease -
viridae medium viruses
1. uncoating
herpes simplex, cold sores, incease the
2. DNA to nuc
type 1 + 2 genital lesions prod of
3. replication DNA
chicken pox, nucleus dNTPS
varicella-zoster 4. RNA to cp infectious
shingles * can cause
5. prot.to nuc
glandular latent
6. Assembly
epstein-barr fever, burkitt infection
herpes- 150kbp: with DNA in nuc
- icosahedral 120nm - lymphoma - * consist of
dsDNA viridae large
cytomegalic extrachomos
(lytic!)
cytomegalo- inclusion omal circular
virus disease in DNA
neonates
human kaposi's
herpesvirus 8 sarcoma
viriola smallpox
virion
transcriptase: * produce
1. uncoating
DNA-dependent EGF that
2. Make mRNA
200kbp: 200- RNA DNA not cyto- stimulates
pox-viridae - complex + vaccine against 3. translate
large 300nm vaccina polymerase, infectious plasm neighbour-
smallpox 4. Assemble
capping and ing cells into
and release
polyadenylating cell cycle!
enzymes
dsDNA hepaDNA- acute and
with RNA viridae 3kbp: chronic * DNA->RNA-
- icosahedral 20nm + hepatitis B - ? nucleus
intermedi reversi- small hepatitis, liver >cDNA
ate viruses cancer
childhood rash * most
5kb: human
ssDNA parvo-virus - icosahedral 20nm - (erythema - ? nucleus strands infect
small parvovirus
infectiosum) animals
C.Riedinger Overview of Viruses

2. Genome Coat Additional Genome
Example Resulting Replica-
Approx. Fragmen- Capsid Capsid proteins Life cycle infect- Other
Type Family Envelope species disease tion
size tation shape size present ious?
papova-
reo-viridae 20kbp: 10-11 human acute infantile virion
dsRNA viridae
(resp. enteric 5-8kbp: icosahedral 70nm -
orphan virus) medium fragments
- icosahedral 50nm - rotavirus gastro-enteritis transcriptase
-
(papilloma-
small * stimulate
polyoma-
vacuolating)
poliovirus poliomyelitis cell into cell
picoRNA- cycle!
hepatitis A acute hepatitis * negative
viridae 7kb: - * herpes is
- icosahedral 25nm rhinovirus common cold strand
(small RNA virus) small lytic viruses to
foot and mouth foot and mouth 1. uncoating made
disease disease incease the
generate
2. DNA to nuc
winter prodmore
of
8kb: - 3. replication DNA
calici-viridae - icosahedral 35nm norovirus vomiting nucleus dNTPS
4. RNA to cp infectious cytoplas template
(calyx/goblet) small lytic * can non-
disease * cause
RNA-dependent 5. prot.to nuc m,as +ve latent
enveloped
german RNA polymerase 6. Assembly RNA infection
rubella 1. uncoating
with DNA in nuc RNA-viruses
measles direct * consist of
dsDNA 2. Translation are lytic
+ve RNA template, extrachomos
(lytic!) toga- acute and into RNA pol * mRNA is
ssRNA 11kb: infectious can omal circular
viridae, flavi- - icosahedral 60nm + hepatitis C chronic and capsid polycistronic
medium replicate DNA
viridae hepatitis proteins * picoRNA
in
yellow fever jungle yellow 3. Assembly viruses
enucleate
(ZOONOTIC!) fever and release stable
d cells
west nile encephalitis outside the
host
* an get
severe acute hepA from
corona- 30kb: RNA-dependent
- helical 140nm + SARS respiratory food and
viridae medium RNA polymerase
syndrome water
C.Riedinger Overview of Viruses

3. Genome Coat Additional Genome
Example Resulting Replica-
Approx. Fragmen- Capsid Capsid proteins Life cycle infect- Other
Type Family Envelope species disease tion
size tation shape size present ious?
* HA envelope
papova-
ortho- protein binds
12kb: virion
viridae
myxoviridae 5-8kbp: 8 fragments helical 80nm + influenza influenza sialic acid
medium - icosahedral 50nm - -
transcriptase
(papilloma-
(mxyo - mucus) small * enters by * stimulate
polyoma-
vacuolating) endocytosis! cell into cell
cycle!
* herpes
helical (but * influenza
viruses
measles measles 1. uncoating
pleiomorphi virus unique:
incease the
-ve para- 15kb: virion 2. DNA to nuc * RNA not cytoplas
- c, i.e. 150m + 1. Make mRNA prod RNA
of
ssRNA myxoviridae medium transcriptase 3. replication infectous
DNA m
different from -ve strand processing in
nucleus dNTPS
4. RNA to cp infectious
shapes) mumps mumps 2. translation nucleus
* can cause
5. prot.to nuc
respiratory 3. Assembly latent
bronchitis 6. Assembly
synycytial virus and release infection
with DNA in nuc
* consist of
dsDNA helical
rhabdo- rabies extrachomos
(lytic!) 10kb: capsid, 200x80n virion
viridae - + (ZOONOTIC) rabies omal circular
small bullet- m transcriptase
(rhabdo = rod) DNA
shaped
* reverse
transcription!
Envelope
* input RNA
protein
converted to
GP120 +
dsDNA
+ve Acquired CD4/coR on
retro- (provirus) to be
ssRNA human immuno- T-cells/macro
viridae 8kb: virion integrated into
with DNA - ? 100nm + immunodeficie deficiency * envelope
reversi- small transcriptase host
intermedi ncy HIV syndrome protein
viruses chromosome
ate AIDS enters by
* packaging in
FUSION!
cytoplasm as
* can spread
RNA packed
as cell-
associated
virus
* can be
dsDNA hepaDNA- acute and
latent if
with RNA viridae 3kbp: chronic
- icosahedral 20nm + hepatitis B - proviral DNA
intermedi reversi- small hepatitis, liver
not
ate viruses cancer
transcribed
underlined: these viruses cause persisten infection that can lead to neoplasia
C.Riedinger Overview of Viruses