3. Types of
Production
Intermittent Continuous
Job Batch Mass Process Assembly
4. Intermittent
Manufacturing
Job Batch
In Intermittent manufacturing systems, the
goods are manufactured specially to fulfil
orders made by customers rather than for
stock.
5. Jobbing production where one or few
units of a product are produced to
customer’s requirement within the given
date amid within the price fixed prior to
the contract.
10. Batch production is one of manufacturing
methods where limited quantity of each type
of product is authorized for manufacture at a
time. Manufacture of a limited number of
products produced at periodic intervals and
stocked in warehouses as finished goods.
13. Blending the mixture
Pasteurizing to kill bacteria
Homogenizing to produce a uniform texture
Cooling and resting to blend flavors
Flavoring the ice cream
Freezing to soft-serve consistency
Adding fruit and sweetened chunks
Packaging and bundling the finished product
Hardening
14.
15.
16. Continuous
Mass Process Assembly
In continuous manufacturing system the items are
produced for the stocks and not for specific orders.
Before planning manufacturing to stock, a sales
forecast is made to estimate likely demand of the
product.
17. Mass production (flow production or repetitive flow
production) is the production of large amounts of standardized
products on production lines.
Mass production is capital intensive, as it uses a high
proportion of machinery in relation to workers.
Mass production systems are usually organized into assembly
lines. The assemblies pass by on a conveyor, or if they are
heavy, hung from an overhead monorail
18. Heinz baked beans
Kellogg’s corn flakes
Mars bars
Ford cars
Toothpaste
20. Weighing and mixing
Filling the tubes
Packaging and shipment
21.
22. Process production involves a series of processes
which raw materials go through. The end result is a
large quantity of finished product. Process production
tends to be quite capital intensive (i.e. requiring
significant investment in production machinery and
facilities).
24. Vegetables or Grains
Flavourings
Malt Meal
Yeast
Water
25. Mash preparation
Sterilization and inoculation
Fermentation
Distillation and rectification
Water added
Bottling
26.
27.
28. Assembly lines are designed for a sequential organization of
workers, tools or machines, and parts. The motion of workers is
minimized to the extent possible.
All parts or assemblies are handled either by conveyors
or motorized vehicles such as fork lifts, or gravity, with no
manual trucking.
Heavy lifting is done by machines such as overhead
cranes or fork lifts. Each worker typically performs one simple
operation.