The document discusses gastrointestinal issues in autism from several perspectives: - Autism is considered a neuroimmune condition affecting the gut and brain, with inflammation originating in the gut. Treating gut issues is one of the most successful biomedical interventions. - The gut microbiome plays an important role in digestion, immune function, and communication with the brain. Dysbiosis and infections like measles virus and clostridia have been linked to autism. - Common gastrointestinal dysfunctions seen in autism include maldigestion, malabsorption, immune dysregulation, and motility issues. Treatment focuses on cleaning up the diet, supporting digestion and the microbiome.

4. The GI tract is our first line of defense against the outside world.

6. GI Histology

7. 100 trillion bacteria in the gut Early disruption of gut flora, affects later immune function, potential allergies and autoimmunity Good flora protects us from pathogens Aids with digestion of carbohydrates and fiber to form SCFA which in turn fuels enterocytes Gut Microbiota

9. The Immune System in the Gut GALT (gut-associated lymphoid tissue) with organized lymphoid structures — Peyer's patches and isolated lymphoid follicles The diffuse tissues of the lamina propria contain a large number of immunoglobulin A (IgA) + plasma cells, T and B cells, macrophages, dendritic cells (DCs) and stromal cells (SCs)

21. SAM SAH MTase SAHH Homocysteine B6 THF CBS B12 BHMT Choline Betaine Impact of Oxidative Stress on Methionine Metabolism Transsulfuration Pathway THF: tetrahydrofolate Cystathionine Cysteine Glutathione Methionine AK ADA Inosine AMP B6 Methylation of DNA, RNA, Proteins, Catecholamines, Phospholipids, Creatine Enzymes MS MAT 5-CH 3 THF Adenosine GSSG

26. Dietary Detours CF/GF Diet Persistent Gut Issues Hyperactivity/Stimming Specific Carbohydrate Diet Body Ecology Diet Low Oxalate Diet Avoid Excitotoxins Low Phenolic/Feingold Diet Low Copper Diet Elimination/Rotation Diet Elimination/Rotation Diet

38. Clostridia produce toxins and enzymes that create severe gut inflammation and produce watery diarrhea

46. Thank You.